CN113879866A - Coal flow conveying method based on traffic flow - Google Patents
Coal flow conveying method based on traffic flow Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a coal flow conveying method based on traffic flow, which comprises the following steps: acquiring loading information; calculating the rated line density of the belt; starting a loading system; regulating and controlling the belt speed; and (5) a feeder control strategy. In order to ensure that the loading operation can be continuously carried out under the condition of no large buffer bin, the invention uses the calculated belt rated line density as the reference of balanced conveying and uses a plurality of regulation strategies to regulate and control different speed sections of the belt conveyor in the loading operation process, so that the feeding operation and the unloading operation can reach dynamic balance, thereby realizing the coal flow conveying method based on the flow of vehicles, greatly reducing the buffer bin, obviously reducing the height of the loading station, reducing the whole loading station, saving the structural cost, simultaneously enabling the loading station to be established in narrow places, and further expanding the application range of the loading station.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a coal flow conveying method based on traffic flow, which is a technological process of conveying and loading, and is an intelligent automatic loading technological method for coal railway conveying.
Background
The conventional rapid quantitative automatic loading station has a large buffer bin, about 300 tons of coal can be buffered generally, the real-time requirement of a loading system on a conveying system is not high in the loading process, because the coal in the buffer bin can meet the requirement of loading at least 4 sections of train wagons (for example, a C70 vehicle type is marked to load 70 tons, and then the storage capacity of more than 280 tons of 4 sections of train wagons is needed), the loading time of each section of carriage is 1 minute, namely, the train moves by the length of one carriage in 1 minute. Because of the existence of the 300-ton buffer bin, the loading speed of the train can not be influenced if the material of the conveying system is temporarily interrupted or the material flow is small in the loading process, and the normal loading can be met as long as the average flow meets 1 minute and 70 tons. Along with the improvement of loading efficiency at the loading station, for guaranteeing timely feed, the capacity of surge bin is also bigger and bigger, and some high-efficient loading stations set up the surge bin of 600 tons of capacity even. The surge bin is usually arranged at the top of the loading station, which means that the main weight of the entire loading station is at a height of tens of meters, which puts a number of severe requirements on the steel structural frame of the loading station: the height of the buffer bin must exceed the height of the buffer bin, the buffer bin must be stable, the wind resistance must be strong, and a secondary frame is usually arranged beside a main structural member to avoid instability, so that a steel structural frame becomes a large part of the cost of a loading station. Meanwhile, as the height of the loading station is higher, the bulk materials are conveyed to the higher height, and more energy sources are consumed. The traditional loading station with the main frame and the auxiliary frame occupies a large area and is difficult to arrange at some freight transportation points with limited sites, such as ports, stations and the like. How to reduce the energy consumption and save the cost of the steel structure frame is a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a coal flow conveying method based on traffic flow, which regulates and controls a conveying belt and a feeding machine by setting a plurality of control strategies at different conveying belt speeds, realizes the coal flow conveying method based on traffic flow, greatly reduces a buffer bin, obviously reduces the height of a loading station, and reduces the structural cost.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: a car loading system used by the method comprises the following steps: the system comprises a storage bin, a plurality of feeders, a first belt conveyor, a second belt conveyor, a standing belt conveyor and a loading station, wherein the storage bin is connected in sequence and can store a plurality of varieties of coal; the loading station comprises a quantitative bin and a chute; each of the feeding machine, the belt conveyor and the loading station is connected with a control unit, and the control unit is connected with a plurality of electronic belt weighers, laser radars and belt speed sensors which are arranged on the belt conveyor; the method comprises the following steps:
the belt nominal line density is calculated according to the following formula:
and step 3: starting a loading system: closing all feeding gates, starting three belt conveyors to a rated rotating speed according to the sequence of the variable-frequency speed-regulation upper station belt conveyor, the variable-frequency speed-regulation belt conveyor II and the variable-frequency speed-regulation belt conveyor I, starting the corresponding feeding gates and the corresponding feeders according to the variety or the type of the material, enabling the material to enter a carriage through a loading station, starting a train to move ahead, and enabling the carriages to enter the loading station one by one for loading;
the step-by-step retrieval and shutdown control strategy is as follows: carrying out gradual speed reduction and shutdown control on the belt speed by taking the current speed safe feeding buffer time as a condition;
the step-by-step acceleration control strategy is as follows: adjusting the speed of the belt by taking the upgraded safe feeding buffer time after the speed is increased as a condition;
secondary control and closed-loop control: after the preliminary adjustment, namely the estimated value is taken as a preliminary parameter, closed-loop control adjustment and closed-loop adjustment are carried out according to the feeding amount of the actual feeder; the closed-loop regulation includes two-stage regulation, frequency regulation and opening regulation.
Further, the step-by-step retrieval and shutdown control strategy comprises a Ts deceleration strategy and a Ti deceleration strategy;
the Ts deceleration strategy is as follows: when the current speed is in the range of [ 0.8-4) m/s, carrying out deceleration regulation according to the current belt speed safe feeding buffer time Ts until the current speed is reduced to idle speed of 0.8 m/s; the calculation method of Ts is as follows:
wherein: t iss-current belt speed safe feed buffer time(s); su-a multiple bucket device buffer amount (t); vi-current cycle belt speed set point;
Tiand (3) deceleration strategy: at the current belt speed of (0-0.8)]Under the condition of an idle speed of m/s, stopping and adjusting by taking idle speed safe feeding buffer time as a condition; t isiThe calculation method of (2) is as follows:
further, the gradual acceleration control strategy comprises Ts' acceleration strategy and:
the T iss' acceleration strategy: at the current speed of [ 0-3.2]In the range of m/s, the belt speed is adjusted by taking the upgraded safe feeding buffering time after the speed is increased by one level as a condition, and the safe feeding buffering time T after the speed is increased is used as the buffering time Ts' making accelerated adjustments, TsThe calculation method of' is as follows:
Tfand (3) an acceleration strategy: when the current speed is within the range of (3.2-4) m/s, the belt speed is adjusted by taking the upgraded safe feeding buffering time after speed rising as a condition, and the upgraded safe feeding buffering time TfThe calculation method of (2) is as follows:
the invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that: in order to ensure that the loading operation can be continuously carried out under the condition of no large buffer bin, the invention uses the calculated belt rated line density as the reference of balanced conveying and uses a plurality of regulation strategies to regulate and control different speed sections of the belt conveyor in the loading operation process, so that the feeding operation (namely belt feeding) and the discharging operation (namely carriage loading operation) can reach dynamic balance, thereby realizing the coal flow conveying method based on the vehicle flow, greatly reducing the buffer bin, obviously reducing the height of the loading station, integrally reducing the loading station, saving the structural cost, establishing the loading station in a narrow place, and further expanding the application range of the loading station.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a loading system used in the method according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of control of a feeder in the method according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows:
the embodiment is an automatic loading coal flow conveying method based on traffic flow, and a loading system used by the method comprises the following steps: the system comprises a storage bin 1 capable of storing multiple varieties of coal, a plurality of feeders 2 with distribution gates 201, a first belt conveyor 3, a second belt conveyor 4, an upper station belt conveyor 5 and a loading station 6 which are connected in sequence; the loading station comprises a quantitative bin and a chute; each batcher, band conveyer and loading station be connected with the control unit, the control unit with install a plurality of electronic belt weighers, laser radar, belt speed sensor on each band conveyer be connected, as shown in figure 1.
In the coal flow conveying process of the automatic loading, a large buffer bin is removed and a smaller buffer bin (for example, a small buffer bin with three buckets for buffering each other) is used for reducing the overall height of a loading station. Because of the limited buffer capacity, in order to ensure the continuous loading operation, the feeding operation and the discharging operation are required to reach the dynamic balance within a certain threshold value range in the whole loading operation process. If the efficiency of the feeding operation is much less than that of the discharging operation, the train has to be stopped for waiting. If the efficiency of the feeding operation is higher than that of the discharging operation, the material is in a blockage state that the material is not ready to be discharged. Therefore, the dynamic balance of material conveying is guaranteed, and the key for guaranteeing the stability and continuity of loading is realized.
The system used by the method of the embodiment is obviously different from the traditional automatic train loading system in that no large buffer bin is arranged, the material (coal) directly enters a rotary quantitative bin which is divided into three equal parts for weighing after entering a belt conveyor from a storage bin, and only a short buffer process is realized in the technical process. Although the buffering process is only shortened, the process is a great change for the loading process. The traditional loading process is to detect the material amount in the buffer bin, stop the feeding of the belt conveyor if the amount is more, and start the feeding of the belt conveyor if the amount is less. This is a feed mode driven by the feed. This embodiment changes the supply-driven supply mode into the demand-driven (truck-loading traffic-driven) delivery mode, i.e. how much material is delivered according to the amount of the truck-loading.
The conveying process method based on the traffic flow benefits from the progress of modern motor variable frequency speed regulation, the variable frequency speed regulation feeding machine and the variable frequency speed regulation belt conveyor are quite popular, coal conveyed to a loading station from the storage bin can be controlled through the variable frequency speed regulation of the feeding machine, the feeding amount can be controlled accurately, and meanwhile, the variable frequency speed regulation belt conveyor can also control the conveying amount through the variable frequency speed regulation.
However, the only precise feeding and belt conveyor conveying method cannot realize the required driving process, because the length of the belt conveyor from the storage bin to the loading station is long, and the material density and other factors influence the difficulty in realizing very precise speed regulation in the actual conveying process. For this reason, the present embodiment successfully implements belt speed regulation according to a plurality of speed regulation strategies according to different belt speed ranges.
The conveying end (loading position) of the coal conveying system (see fig. 1) described in this embodiment is a chute of a loading station, a carriage of a train is arranged below the chute, and the coal commodities loaded in the whole train reach thousands of tons or even tens of thousands of tons. The starting end of the transfer is a storage silo capable of storing large quantities of coal. The coal storage bin is internally provided with a plurality of coal piles for stacking various types, a feeder is arranged below the coal piles, a first belt conveyor and a second belt conveyor are arranged below the feeders, the coal is conveyed to the belt conveyors through the feeders, the first belt conveyor and the second belt conveyor collect and mix the coal output by the feeders and convey the coal to a belt conveyor at a loading station, the belt conveyor at the loading station conveys the coal to the top of the loading station, the coal enters a quantitative bin at the loading station to be weighed, and then the coal is conveyed to a carriage (car skin) through a chute. Each feeder and belt conveyor can carry out stepless speed regulation through the frequency modulation machine.
The feeder with the gate can be a vortex arch-breaking feeder. The vortex arch-breaking feeder is arranged below a material pile of a storage yard, is driven by a variable-frequency speed-regulating motor to perform reciprocating shearing in the circumferential direction and perform reciprocating up-and-down motion obliquely upwards, so that a machine body performs composite shearing and elliptical motion to form vortex motion in the fixed direction, the material accumulation angle is enlarged, the blanking amount is increased, and the material continuously and uniformly flows downwards from a discharge port. The machine body participates in continuous arch breaking and material activation, and phenomena of flow breaking, uneven feeding, wall hanging, blockage, bonding, arch forming, bridging and the like do not occur. The machine body is designed finely, so that the damage kinetic energy between the machine body and the composite spring disappears, the long service life of the composite spring and the machine body is realized, and the energy-saving effect is achieved.
The control unit is an electronic device with calculation and storage functions, such as an industrial personal computer and the like.
The laser radar is usually installed above the belt conveyor, and the three-dimensional shape of the material stack is obtained by scanning the surface of the material stack stacked on the belt through laser, so as to obtain the volume of the material stack.
Because there are a plurality of band conveyer, can install electronic belt weigher and belt speed sensor in band conveyer's a plurality of positions, should set up electronic belt weigher at band conveyer's output or input at least, set up belt speed sensor at long-range band conveyer's front end, rear end, interlude to the speed of real time monitoring belt and the material volume on the belt, so that can only control center carry out analysis and record.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
In this embodiment, a train with 50 train wagons and all C80 open wagons is taken as an application example (each wagon is loaded with 80 tons of coal), the length l of the train is 600 meters, the total loading capacity M of the train is 4000 tons (80 tons × 50 wagons is 4000 tons), and the loading operation is required to be completed within 1.5 hours, that is, the loading time of the whole train is limited within 1.5 hours.
the belt nominal line density is calculated according to the following formula:
the rated flow and the rated belt speed are fixed values and have no relation with the belt speed. The control objective is to keep the actual linear density of the belt close to this nominal linear density value at all times.
The rated rotating speed is the rated rotating speed of the belt motor and is an inherent parameter, and the rotating speed of the permanent magnet motor is directly connected with the belt roller without the speed change of a speed reducer, so the rated rotating speed of the belt roller is the rated rotating speed of the motor. The rated belt speed is the linear speed of the belt roller under the rated rotating speed and is calculated by the radius of the roller and the rated rotating speed.
Following the above application example: the rated flow rate is 3600 tons/h, the rated belt speed is 4m/s, and the rated linear density rho is 3600/(4 x 3600) 0.25 tons/m, which means that the material per meter of the belt is 0.25 tons. The weight of material per meter of belt is controlled to be close to this value, regardless of whether the speed of the belt is fast or slow.
And step 3: starting a loading system: closing all feeding gates, starting three belt conveyors to a rated rotating speed according to the sequence of the variable-frequency speed-regulation upper station belt conveyor, the variable-frequency speed-regulation belt conveyor II and the variable-frequency speed-regulation belt conveyor I, starting the corresponding feeding gates and the corresponding feeders according to the variety or the type of the material, enabling the material to enter a carriage through a loading station, starting a train to move ahead, and enabling the carriages to enter the loading station one by one for loading;
following the above application example: the starting time of the loading system is 13 seconds, namely the belt rotating speed is increased from 0 to the rated rotating speed in 13 seconds, namely 92 revolutions per minute, and the belt speed can be calculated to be 4 meters per second according to the diameter of a belt roller.
After the belt reaches the rated rotation speed, at a system operation interface window, according to the material type of the loading, manually selecting a gate and a feeder which need to be opened in the loading, or automatically selecting the feeder according to a batching scheme by the system. Because there are the materials of a plurality of varieties (for example coal) in the storage silo, and the commodity of selling is not single variety usually, but the coal of several varieties mixes, consequently need mix when loading, through opening different materials to batching gate and variable frequency speed governing batcher below, can realize the batching of different varieties material to realize mixing in the material transportation process.
The step-by-step retrieval and shutdown control strategy is as follows: and performing gradual speed reduction and stop control on the belt speed by taking the current speed safe feeding buffer time as a condition.
The step-by-step acceleration control strategy is as follows: and adjusting the speed of the belt by taking the upgraded safe feeding buffer time after the speed is increased as a condition.
And adjusting the speed of the belt according to the buffer amount of the multiple buckets and the current speed of the belt, and considering according to the maximum linear density of the belt, namely 0.25 t/m.
The speed is set at equal intervals, such as 4-3.2-2.4-1.6-0.8-0, due to the acceleration and deceleration of 0.3m/s2After the adjustment, the inter-stage adjustment time is set to be 2.67 seconds, and the adjustment period is set to be 3 seconds for convenient calculation, so that the inter-stage acceleration and deceleration adjustment can be completely completed within the period.
Step-by-step deceleration and shutdown control strategy:
the control principle is as follows:
and performing gradual speed reduction and stop control on the belt speed by taking the current speed safe feeding buffer time as a condition. The safe feeding buffer time is as follows: the feeding time of the buffer bin which is not full is ensured by running at the current belt speed.
(1) Ts deceleration strategy: when the current speed is in the range of 0.8-4 m/s, the safe feeding buffering time T is determined according to the current belt speedsAnd carrying out deceleration regulation, namely reducing the first speed when the safe feeding buffering time is less than one regulation period until the speed is reduced to the idle speed of 0.8 m/s. T issThe calculation method of (2) is as follows:
the structural part of the denominator in the formula is as follows from left to right: multi-bucket current buffer-current speed maximum shutdown feed- (inter-stage 1/3 sec steady speed maximum aggregate feed 0.67 ton + idle 15 sec feed 3 ton).
(2)TiAnd (3) deceleration strategy: under the condition that the current belt speed is 0-0.8 m/s of idle speed, the idle speed safety feeding buffering time is taken as a condition to carry out stop adjustment, namely, the idle speed safety feeding buffering time is taken as a condition to carry out stop adjustmentAnd stopping when the time is less than one regulation period. T isiThe calculation method of (2) is as follows:
the structural part of the denominator in the formula is as follows from left to right: multi-bucket current buffer amount-current speed maximum shutdown feed amount.
In the above two formulas:
Ts-current belt speed safe feed buffer time (seconds); su-buffer capacity (ton) of the multiple bucket device; vi-current cycle belt speed set point.
The control logic:
if: v is more than 0.8cIf the ratio is less than or equal to 4, then:
if: current belt speed safety feeding buffer time TsIf the time is less than or equal to 3s (one regulation period), starting to reduce the first-stage speed;
if: (V)c-0.8) is less than or equal to 0.8m/s, then: vs＝0.8m/s；
If: (V)c-0.8)>0.8m/s is then: vs＝(Vc-0.8)m/s；
If: 0<VcWhen the content is less than or equal to 0.8, then:
if: buffer time T for idle safety feedingiIf the time is less than or equal to 3s (one regulation period), the machine halt V is 0 m/s.
Vc: the current belt speed; vs: according to TsA deceleration strategy, an adjusted speed value;
Ti: at idle operation, i.e. at a speed less than 0.8, the feed system does not fill the surge bin for the time.
(II) a step-by-step acceleration control strategy:
the control principle is as follows:
(1)Ts' acceleration strategy: when the current speed is within the range of 0-3.2 m/s, the speed of the belt is adjusted by taking the upgraded safe feeding buffering time after the speed is increased by one level as a condition, and the safe feeding buffering time T after the speed is increased is useds' making an acceleration adjustment, i.e. an acceleration of the safe feeding time TsWhen the speed is larger than two regulating periods (6s), the speed is increased by one step until the full speed is 4 m/s. T issThe calculation method of' is as follows:
the structural part of the denominator in the formula is as follows from left to right: the current buffer amount of a plurality of buckets, the maximum feeding amount accelerated in the interstage stage of the current speed upgrade, and the maximum stopping feeding amount after the speed is increased (the feeding amount after the interstage speed stabilization is 0.67 ton + the feeding amount after the idling is 15 seconds is 3 tons).
(2)TfAnd (3) an acceleration strategy: when the current speed is within the range of 3.2-4 m/s, the belt speed is adjusted by taking the upgraded safe feeding buffer time after the speed is increased as a condition:
in the formula:
Tf-ramp-up speed safe feed buffer time (seconds); su-buffer capacity (ton) of the multiple bucket device.
The control logic:
when the current speed is 0-3.2 m/s, if: safe feeding buffer time T after speed risings' is more than or equal to 6s (two regulation periods), the first-level speed is started to be increased;
Vi+1＝(Vi+0.8)m/s；
when the current speed is in the range of 3.2-4 m/s, if: safe feeding buffer time T after full speedfIf the time is more than or equal to 6s (two regulation periods), starting full speed;
Vi+1＝4m/s。
control strategy adaptation table:
the following table may be used to facilitate policy selection:
| speed range | TiPolicy | TsPolicy | Ts' policy | TfPolicy |
| 0 | √ | |||
| 0，0.8 | √ | √ | ||
| 0.8，3.2 | √ | √ | ||
| 3.2，4 | √ | √ | ||
| 4 | √ |
In the past, the system samples and takes values of conveying operation parameters such as belt speed, gate opening, vibration motor frequency and the like, and stores the values into an operating database. And corresponding gate opening and vibration motor frequency for different material varieties and different belt speeds. Although the opening and the frequency corresponding to the material variety and the belt speed are not fixed values, the opening and the frequency have a reference function, so the opening and the frequency are stored as predicted values and are used as reference predicted values in the subsequent conveying operation.
Secondary control and closed-loop control: after the preliminary adjustment, namely the estimated value is taken as a preliminary parameter, closed-loop control adjustment and closed-loop adjustment are carried out according to the feeding amount of the actual feeder; the closed-loop regulation includes two-stage regulation, frequency regulation and opening regulation.
The feeder has two modes of controlling the feeding amount, one is to adjust the frequency of a vortex arch breaking motor of the feeder, and the other is to control the opening degree of a batching gate. The opening degrees of the vortex arch breaking motor and the batching gate are subjected to closed-loop control through various parameters detected by the electronic belt scale, the laser radar and the belt speed sensor so as to achieve the optimal feeding amount, as shown in fig. 3.
Example two:
the present embodiment is an improvement of the foregoing embodiment, and is a refinement of the foregoing embodiment regarding a step-by-step retrieval and shutdown control strategy, where the step-by-step retrieval and shutdown control strategy described in the present embodiment includes TsDeceleration strategy and TiAnd (4) a deceleration strategy.
The T issAnd (3) deceleration strategy: when the current speed is in the range of 0.8-4 m/s, the safe feeding buffering time T is determined according to the current belt speedsCarrying out deceleration adjustment, namely reducing the first speed when the safe feeding buffering time is less than an adjustment period until the speed is reduced to idle speed of 0.8 m/s; t issThe calculation method of (2) is as follows:
wherein: t iss-current belt speed safe feed buffer time (seconds); su-buffer capacity (ton) of the multiple bucket device; vi-current cycle belt speed set point.
The structural part of the denominator in the formula is as follows from left to right: multi-bucket current buffer-current speed maximum shutdown feed- (inter-stage 1/3 sec steady speed maximum aggregate feed 0.67 ton + idle 15 sec feed 3 ton).
TiAnd (3) deceleration strategy: under the condition that the current belt speed is 0-0.8 m/s of idle speed, stopping and adjusting under the condition that the idle speed safe feeding buffering time is used as a condition, namely stopping when the idle speed safe feeding buffering time is less than an adjusting period; t isiThe calculation method of (2) is as follows:
the structural part of the denominator in the formula is as follows from left to right: multi-bucket current buffer amount-current speed maximum shutdown feed amount.
VcCannot be 0, VcA value of 0 means an infinite time, but an error occurs in the calculation.
Example three:
the present embodiment is a modification of the above-described embodiment, and is a refinement of the above-described embodiment with respect to the gradual acceleration control strategy. The gradual acceleration control strategy described in this embodiment includes Ts' acceleration strategy and TfAnd (3) an acceleration strategy:
the T iss' acceleration strategy: when the current speed is within the range of 0-3.2 m/s, the speed of the belt is adjusted by taking the upgraded safe feeding buffering time after the speed is increased by one level as a condition, and the safe feeding buffering time T after the speed is increased is useds' making an acceleration adjustment, i.e. an acceleration of the safe feeding time Ts' for more than two adjustment periods (6 seconds), the speed is increased by one step to the full speed of 4 m/s. T issThe calculation method of' is as follows:
the structural part of the denominator in the formula is as follows from left to right: the current buffer amount of a plurality of buckets, the maximum feeding amount accelerated in the interstage stage of the current speed upgrade, and the maximum stopping feeding amount after the speed is increased (the feeding amount after the interstage speed stabilization is 0.67 ton + the feeding amount after the idling is 15 seconds is 3 tons).
The T isfAnd (3) an acceleration strategy: when the current speed is within the range of (3.2-4) m/s, the belt speed is adjusted by taking the upgraded safe feeding buffering time after speed rising as a condition, and the upgraded safe feeding buffering time TfThe calculation method of (2) is as follows:
in the formula: t isf-ramp-up speed safe feed buffer time (seconds); su-buffer capacity (ton) of the multiple bucket device; viThe current cycle belt speed setting, 3.67-3 + 0.67. 3 is the feeding amount of idling for 15 seconds; 0.67 is the interstage speed regulation and stabilization when the regulation period is 3 secondsTime (1/3 seconds).
Finally, it should be noted that the above is only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred arrangement, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present invention (such as loading system including loading form, application of various formulas, sequence of steps, etc.) can be modified or substituted equivalently without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A coal flow conveying method based on traffic flow, a loading system used by the method comprises: the system comprises a storage bin, a plurality of feeders, a first belt conveyor, a second belt conveyor, a standing belt conveyor and a loading station, wherein the storage bin is connected in sequence and can store a plurality of varieties of coal; the loading station comprises a quantitative bin and a chute; each of the feeding machine, the belt conveyor and the loading station is connected with a control unit, and the control unit is connected with a plurality of electronic belt weighers, laser radars and belt speed sensors which are arranged on the belt conveyor;
the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, obtaining loading information: the initial state before the system is started is as follows: the belt is static, no material is on the belt, the loading station bin is empty, the train is in a static state, and the first carriage of the train is aligned with the discharging chute; the loading system inputs loading information of the loading, wherein the loading information comprises the total loading capacity of the train, the sequence of carriages, the type of the carriages, standard loading, material types and loading time of the whole train;
step 2, calculating the rated linear density of the belt: determining rated flow Q and rated belt speed v:
the belt nominal line density is calculated according to the following formula:
and step 3: starting a loading system: closing all feeding gates, starting three belt conveyors to a rated rotating speed according to the sequence of the variable-frequency speed-regulation upper station belt conveyor, the variable-frequency speed-regulation belt conveyor II and the variable-frequency speed-regulation belt conveyor I, starting the corresponding feeding gates and the corresponding feeders according to the variety or the type of the material, enabling the material to enter a carriage through a loading station, starting a train to move ahead, and enabling the carriages to enter the loading station one by one for loading;
step 4, regulating and controlling belt speed: according to the belt speed of the current belt conveying, a belt speed regulating strategy is used for regulating and controlling the belt speed of each frequency-modulation variable-speed belt conveyor, wherein the belt speed regulating strategy comprises a step-by-step retrieval and shutdown control strategy and a step-by-step acceleration control strategy;
the step-by-step retrieval and shutdown control strategy is as follows: carrying out gradual speed reduction and shutdown control on the belt speed by taking the current speed safe feeding buffer time as a condition;
the step-by-step acceleration control strategy is as follows: adjusting the speed of the belt by taking the upgraded safe feeding buffer time after the speed is increased as a condition;
step 5, a feeder control strategy: primary control, obtaining a predicted value: various conveying parameters of previous conveying operation stored in a database are extracted, conveying parameters used by similar material varieties are selected, the parameters are used as predicted values, and the opening degree of a batching gate and the motor frequency of a feeder are set;
secondary control and closed-loop control: after the preliminary adjustment, namely the estimated value is taken as a preliminary parameter, closed-loop control adjustment and closed-loop adjustment are carried out according to the feeding amount of the actual feeder; the closed-loop regulation includes two-stage regulation, frequency regulation and opening regulation.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said progressive retrieval and shutdown control strategies include a Ts deceleration strategy and a Ti deceleration strategy;
the Ts deceleration strategy is as follows: when the current speed is in the range of [ 0.8-4) m/s, carrying out deceleration regulation according to the current belt speed safe feeding buffer time Ts until the current speed is reduced to idle speed of 0.8 m/s; the calculation method of Ts is as follows:
wherein: t iss-current belt speed safe feed buffer time(s); su-a multiple bucket device buffer amount (t); vi-current cycle belt speed set point;
Tiand (3) deceleration strategy: at the current belt speed of (0-0.8)]Under the condition of an idle speed of m/s, stopping and adjusting by taking idle speed safe feeding buffer time as a condition; t isiThe calculation method of (2) is as follows:
3. the method of claim 2, wherein the gradual acceleration control strategy comprises Ts' acceleration strategy and:
the T iss' acceleration strategy: at the current speed of [ 0-3.2]In the range of m/s, the belt speed is adjusted by taking the upgraded safe feeding buffering time after the speed is increased by one level as a condition, and the safe feeding buffering time T after the speed is increased is used as the buffering time Ts' making accelerated adjustments, TsThe calculation method of' is as follows:
Tfand (3) an acceleration strategy: when the current speed is within the range of (3.2-4) m/s, the belt speed is adjusted by taking the upgraded safe feeding buffering time after speed rising as a condition, and the upgraded safe feeding buffering time TfThe calculation method of (2) is as follows:
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