CN117568927A - 一种有效降低碳化硅外延片三角形缺陷和胡萝卜缺陷的方法 - Google Patents
一种有效降低碳化硅外延片三角形缺陷和胡萝卜缺陷的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 244000000626 Daucus carota Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 235000002767 Daucus carota Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- ZDHXKXAHOVTTAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorosilane Chemical group Cl[SiH](Cl)Cl ZDHXKXAHOVTTAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005052 trichlorosilane Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000001657 homoepitaxy Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000407 epitaxy Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010849 ion bombardment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Si] Chemical compound [C].[Si] HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C30B25/00—Single-crystal growth by chemical reaction of reactive gases, e.g. chemical vapour-deposition growth
- C30B25/02—Epitaxial-layer growth
- C30B25/18—Epitaxial-layer growth characterised by the substrate
- C30B25/186—Epitaxial-layer growth characterised by the substrate being specially pre-treated by, e.g. chemical or physical means
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- C30B25/00—Single-crystal growth by chemical reaction of reactive gases, e.g. chemical vapour-deposition growth
- C30B25/02—Epitaxial-layer growth
- C30B25/18—Epitaxial-layer growth characterised by the substrate
- C30B25/183—Epitaxial-layer growth characterised by the substrate being provided with a buffer layer, e.g. a lattice matching layer
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- C30B25/00—Single-crystal growth by chemical reaction of reactive gases, e.g. chemical vapour-deposition growth
- C30B25/02—Epitaxial-layer growth
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Abstract
本发明涉及碳化硅外延片技术领域,具体公开了一种有效降低碳化硅外延片三角形缺陷和胡萝卜缺陷的方法,包括:提供至少三个碳化硅衬底、原位刻蚀、生长N‑碳化硅缓冲层和生长U‑碳化硅外延层;本发明通过提供至少三个碳化硅衬底、原位刻蚀、生长N‑碳化硅缓冲层和生长U‑碳化硅外延层,采用一步到位法,通过调控外延生长温度,使外延层在较高的生长温度下,有利于碳化硅同质外延,有利于台阶流生长,只调整外延生长的温度不仅可以显著的降低三角形缺陷和胡萝卜缺陷,而且简便易操作,生产成本较低。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于碳化硅外延片技术领域,具体涉及一种有效降低碳化硅外延片三角形缺陷和胡萝卜缺陷的方法。
背景技术
碳化硅具有宽禁带、高临界电场强度和高饱和迁移速率等特性,由于这些特性,碳化硅材料特别适合制作大功率、耐高温高压的半导体器件。目前,所有的碳化硅器件基本是在外延上实现的,外延处于半导体产业链的中间环节,器件的设计对外延的质量性能要求非常高,因此,碳化硅的外延生长对产业链的整体发展起到非常关键的作用。
虽然碳化硅材料具有许多优越的特性,但碳化硅外延层中包含多种缺陷,有些缺陷来源于衬底,比如有基平面位错、螺位错和刃位错等,有些则是在外延生长过程中产生的,比如三角形缺陷、胡萝卜缺陷和掉落物缺陷等。缺陷会对碳化硅功率器件的性能和可靠性有严重影响,控制碳化硅外延缺陷是制备高性能器件的关键。其中,致命性缺陷(包括三角形缺陷、掉落物缺陷、掉落三角形和胡萝卜缺陷等)会导致器件漏电流的显著增加,耐压的降低。三角形缺陷和胡萝卜缺陷通常是沿台阶流生长的下降方向延伸,是台阶流生长受到扰动的标志。
目前,降低碳化硅外延三角形缺陷有增加复合缓冲层、改变碳硅比等方法来降低三角形缺陷,降低胡萝卜缺陷的方法主要是二次外延法:中断外延生长、刻蚀所生长的层以及再次生长第二层,即在衬底上生长第一层外延碳化硅,中断第一层外延碳化硅的生长,刻蚀第一层外延碳化硅以减小第一层的厚度,以及在第一层外延碳化硅上再次生长第二层外延碳化硅。以上技术制备过程较复杂,耗时较久,成本较高,且常规的干法刻蚀及离子轰击等方法很难去除干净二次外延生长前外延片表面的黏附物和污染物,二次外延生长后容易存在新的杂质缺陷导致外延片不够光亮,制作的芯片达不到预期结果,影响器件的性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种有效降低碳化硅外延片三角形缺陷和胡萝卜缺陷的方法,以解决现有技术制备外延碳化硅过程较复杂,耗时较久,成本较高,且常规的干法刻蚀及离子轰击等方法很难去除干净二次外延生长前外延片表面的黏附物和污染物,二次外延生长后容易存在新的杂质缺陷导致外延片不够光亮,制作的芯片达不到预期结果,影响器件的性能的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种有效降低碳化硅外延片三角形缺陷和胡萝卜缺陷的方法,包括:
S1、提供多个碳化硅衬底;
S2、原位刻蚀,消除碳化硅衬底抛光引起的表面划痕和损伤,设置反应温度分别为1600~1620℃,刻蚀时间为3~5min,反应室压力为100~120mbar,氢气载气流量为100~120s lm;
S3、生长N-碳化硅缓冲层,碳源为乙烯,硅源为三氯氢硅,N掺杂源为氮气,设置乙烯的流量为10~30sccm,三氯氢硅的流量为30~60sccm,氮气主路流量为30~60sccm,旁路流量为30~60sccm,生长时间为3~6min,厚度为0.5~1.5μm;
S4、生长U-碳化硅外延层,设置乙烯的流量为100~150sccm,三氯氢硅的流量为200~300sccm,氮气主路流量为40~80sccm,旁路流量为20~40sccm,外延生长时间为15~20min,生长速率为50~70μm/hr,厚度10~15μm。
优选的,所述多个碳化硅衬底至少为三个,至少包括偏轴2°、4°和8°衬底。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
本发明通过提供至少三个碳化硅衬底、原位刻蚀、生长N-碳化硅缓冲层和生长U-碳化硅外延层,采用一步到位法,通过调控外延生长温度,使外延层在较高的生长温度下,有利于碳化硅同质外延,有利于台阶流生长,只调整外延生长的温度不仅可以显著的降低三角形缺陷和胡萝卜缺陷,而且简便易操作,生产成本较低。
附图说明
图1为本发明的一种有效降低碳化硅外延片三角形缺陷和胡萝卜缺陷的方法流程图;
图2为本发明的提供的三角形缺陷图;
图3为本发明的提供的胡萝卜缺陷图;
图4为本发明的碳化硅外延结构图;
图5为本发明实施例一样品一中三角形缺陷和胡萝卜缺陷分布图;
图6为本发明实施例一样品二中三角形缺陷和胡萝卜缺陷分布图;
图7为本发明实施例一样品三中三角形缺陷和胡萝卜缺陷分布图;
图中:1、碳化硅衬底;2、N-碳化硅缓冲层;3、U-碳化硅外延层。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例一:
请参阅图1至图7所示,一种有效降低碳化硅外延片三角形缺陷和胡萝卜缺陷的方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、提供至少三个碳化硅衬底,至少包括偏轴2°、4°和8°衬底;
S2、原位刻蚀,消除碳化硅衬底抛光引起的表面划痕和损伤,设置反应温度分别为1600℃、1610℃和1620℃,对应样品一/二/三,刻蚀时间为3min,反应室压力为120mbar,氢气载气流量为120slm;
S3、生长N-碳化硅缓冲层,碳源为乙烯,硅源为三氯氢硅,N掺杂源为氮气,设置乙烯的流量为20sccm,三氯氢硅的流量为45sccm,氮气主路流量为45sccm,旁路流量为45sccm,生长时间为5min,厚度为1μm;
S4、生长U-碳化硅外延层,设置乙烯的流量为120sccm,三氯氢硅的流量为240sccm,氮气主路流量为60sccm,旁路流量为30sccm,外延生长时间为20min,生长速率为60μm/hr,厚度15μm。
采用晶圆表面缺陷检测仪Candela8500对样品一/二/三进行缺陷测试,三角形缺陷和胡萝卜缺陷结果如下表1所示:
表1
由上可知,采用一步到位法,通过调控外延生长温度,使外延层在较高的生长温度下,有利于碳化硅同质外延,有利于台阶流生长,只调整外延生长的温度不仅可以显著的降低三角形缺陷和胡萝卜缺陷,而且简便易操作,生产成本较低。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (2)
1.一种有效降低碳化硅外延片三角形缺陷和胡萝卜缺陷的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1、提供多个碳化硅衬底;
S2、原位刻蚀,消除碳化硅衬底抛光引起的表面划痕和损伤,设置反应温度分别为1600~1620℃,刻蚀时间为3~5min,反应室压力为100~120mbar,氢气载气流量为100~120slm;
S3、生长N-碳化硅缓冲层,碳源为乙烯,硅源为三氯氢硅,N掺杂源为氮气,设置乙烯的流量为10~30sccm,三氯氢硅的流量为30~60sccm,氮气主路流量为30~60sccm,旁路流量为30~60sccm,生长时间为3~6min,厚度为0.5~1.5μm;
S4、生长U-碳化硅外延层,设置乙烯的流量为100~150sccm,三氯氢硅的流量为200~300sccm,氮气主路流量为40~80sccm,旁路流量为20~40sccm,外延生长时间为15~20min,生长速率为50~70μm/hr,厚度10~15μm。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种有效降低碳化硅外延片三角形缺陷和胡萝卜缺陷的方法,其特征在于:所述多个碳化硅衬底至少为三个,至少包括偏轴2°、4°和8°衬底。
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