CN117558958B - Battery stack structure - Google Patents
Battery stack structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN117558958B CN117558958B CN202410042272.1A CN202410042272A CN117558958B CN 117558958 B CN117558958 B CN 117558958B CN 202410042272 A CN202410042272 A CN 202410042272A CN 117558958 B CN117558958 B CN 117558958B
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- end plate
- battery
- current collecting
- mounting ring
- stack structure
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 5
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- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002001 electrolyte material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010416 ion conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a battery stack structure, which comprises a first end plate, a second end plate and at least one battery assembly, wherein the at least one battery assembly is clamped between the first end plate and the second end plate, the surface of the first end plate, which is close to the battery assembly, and the surface of the second end plate, which is close to the battery assembly, are both provided with current collecting parts, the battery assembly comprises a battery and a mounting ring, the mounting ring comprises an annular main body and a limiting bulge, the limiting bulge extends from the inner surface of the annular main body towards the center direction of the annular main body, the battery is arranged on the first surface of the limiting bulge, the first surface of the limiting bulge is parallel to the surface of the current collecting parts, the height of the first surface of the limiting bulge is between the two surfaces of the annular main body, which are parallel to the surface of the current collecting parts, and the difference between the thermal expansion coefficient of the mounting ring and the thermal expansion coefficient of the battery is smaller than a preset value. The method is beneficial to improving the stability of long-term operation of the battery stack.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of battery technologies, and in particular, to a battery stack structure.
Background
The solid oxide fuel cell belongs to the third generation fuel cell, and is an all-solid-state chemical power generation device which can directly convert chemical energy stored in fuel and oxidant into electric energy at medium and high temperature with high efficiency and environmental friendliness. Is widely regarded as a fuel cell which will be widely used in the future. Due to the limited power generated by a single battery, multiple batteries are often required to be assembled for use.
In order to ensure the tightness of the whole cell stack, the single cell is usually required to bear high external pressure, so that a high risk of cracking exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a battery stack structure, which aims to improve the stability of long-term operation of a battery stack.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a cell stack structure comprising a first end plate, a second end plate, and at least one cell assembly;
the at least one battery assembly is clamped between the first end plate and the second end plate, and the surface of the first end plate, which is close to the battery assembly, and the surface of the second end plate, which is close to the battery assembly, are both provided with current collecting parts;
the battery assembly comprises a battery and a mounting ring, the mounting ring comprises an annular main body and a limiting protrusion, the limiting protrusion extends from the inner surface of the annular main body towards the central direction of the annular main body, the battery is mounted on a first surface of the limiting protrusion, the first surface of the limiting protrusion is parallel to the surface of the current collecting part, the height of the first surface of the limiting protrusion is between two surfaces of the annular main body parallel to the surface of the current collecting part, and the difference value between the thermal expansion coefficient of the mounting ring and the thermal expansion coefficient of the battery is smaller than a preset value.
Optionally, in the case that the at least one cell assembly is a plurality of cell assemblies, the cell stack structure further includes a connection member; the battery modules are stacked with the connecting piece, the connecting piece is arranged between two adjacent battery modules, and the surface, close to the battery modules, of the connecting piece is also provided with the current collecting part.
Optionally, the spacing protrusion includes a first protrusion, the current collecting part includes a first part and a second part, the first part and the second part are current collecting parts adjacent to the first protrusion, a height difference between a first surface of the first protrusion and a surface where the first part is located is not less than a sum of thicknesses of the first part and the battery, and a height difference between the first surface of the first protrusion and the second part is not less than a sum of thicknesses of the first protrusion and the second part.
Optionally, a limiting groove is formed on a first surface of the annular main body parallel to the surface of the current collecting part, the surface of the first end plate, which is close to the first surface of the annular main body, and/or a limiting protrusion is correspondingly formed on the surface of the second end plate, which is close to the first surface of the annular main body.
Optionally, the surfaces of the first end plate and the second end plate, on which the current collecting members are disposed, each form a recessed space in a height direction, the current collecting members are disposed in the recessed spaces, and the height of the recessed spaces is not less than the thickness of the current collecting members.
Optionally, the cell stack structure further includes a sealing gasket disposed between the mounting ring of the cell assembly and the first end plate, and between the mounting ring of the cell assembly and the second end plate, and a coefficient of thermal expansion of the sealing gasket is between a coefficient of thermal expansion of the mounting ring and a coefficient of thermal expansion of the first end plate and a coefficient of thermal expansion of the second end plate.
Optionally, the first end plate and the second end plate are stainless steel end plates, the mounting ring is a ceramic ring, and the sealing gasket is a soft mica gasket.
Optionally, the first surface of the limiting protrusion is an upper surface of the limiting protrusion.
Optionally, the mounting ring is a ceramic ring.
Optionally, the battery is in sealing connection with the limit protrusion by adopting ceramic glue.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a fuel cell comprising any of the stack structures described in the first aspect above.
The invention provides a battery stack structure, which comprises a first end plate, a second end plate and at least one battery component, wherein the at least one battery component is clamped between the first end plate and the second end plate, the surface of the first end plate, which is close to the battery component, and the surface of the second end plate, which is close to the battery component, are both provided with current collecting parts, the battery component comprises a battery and a mounting ring, the mounting ring comprises an annular main body and a limiting bulge, the limiting bulge extends from the inner surface of the annular main body towards the center direction of the annular main body, the battery is arranged on the first surface of the limiting bulge, the first surface of the limiting bulge is parallel to the surface of the current collecting part, the height of the first surface of the limiting bulge is between the two surfaces of the annular main body, which are parallel to the surface of the current collecting parts, and the difference between the thermal expansion coefficient of the mounting ring and the thermal expansion coefficient of the battery is smaller than a preset value. In the battery stack structure that this application provided, when establishing battery pack clamp between first end plate and second end plate, because the spacing bellied first surface of installation battery in the single battery pack takes place between annular main part both sides, even annular main part and both ends board are closely connected, still there is the difference in height between spacing bellied first surface and the both ends board, thereby be favorable to reducing the battery and bear the pressure from first end plate, second end plate and current collecting part, reduce the possibility of battery fracture, simultaneously, because the thermal expansion coefficient difference of collar and battery is less, also be favorable to reducing the battery and take place to break away from or the circumstances emergence of fracture with the collar in the temperature variation process, the stability of long-term work of battery stack is higher.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first end plate and a second end plate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a mounting ring according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a connector according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a cell stack structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a stack structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 7 is a graph of test results of a stack structure according to an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals illustrate:
10. a first end plate; 20. a second end plate; 30. a current collecting member; 11. a boss; 12a, airway passage; 13. a limit protrusion; 40. a mounting ring; 41. an annular body; 42. a limit protrusion; 14a, limiting grooves; 50. a connecting piece; 60. a force application plate; 70. an insulating spacer; 80. a fastener; 15. a stack air passage; 16. a collector bar.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate understanding of the present application, the following detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present application will be described in connection with the accompanying drawings, so that the foregoing objects, features, and advantages of the present application will be more readily understood. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, the preferred embodiments of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. This application may, however, be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete. This application is intended to be limited to the details of the particular embodiments disclosed herein since it is to be understood that modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present application.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless explicitly defined otherwise. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "several" means at least one, such as one, two, etc., unless explicitly defined otherwise.
Solid oxide fuel cells are largely divided into two categories, namely oxygen ion conductor Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) operating at high temperatures and proton conductor solid oxide fuel cells (PCFCs) operating at medium temperatures. SOFC and oxygen ion conductor solid fuel electricityThe cell (SOEC) may employ zirconium (YSZ) electrolyte material, and the PCFC and proton conductor solid oxide fuel cell (PCEC) may employ cubic perovskite electrolyte material BaZr 0.1 Ce 0.7 Y 0.1 Yb 0.1 O 3-δ . Wherein the physical properties of YSZ can withstand larger pressures, whereas BaZr 0.1 Ce 0.7 Y 0.1 Yb 0.1 O 3-δ The strength of the battery made of the material is relatively low.
In the process of stacking the cells into a cell stack, if the cells are directly adhered to stainless steel and are fixed by using two current collecting parts of the cell stack to externally apply external force, the cells need to bear very high pressure from the outside, a high stress cracking risk exists, and in this case, the cells are subjected to BaZr 0.1 Ce 0.7 Y 0.1 Yb 0.1 O 3-δ The battery made of the material is more obvious. In addition, baZr 0.1 Ce 0.7 Y 0.1 Yb 0.1 O 3-δ The thermal expansion coefficient of the material and that of the stainless steel are also larger, and BaZr is used 0.1 Ce 0.7 Y 0.1 Yb 0.1 O 3-δ If the battery made of the material is stacked in the mode, the battery is easy to be connected with the stainless steel or cracked in the process of temperature change due to poor thermal expansion matching degree of the battery and the stainless steel. Both of the above conditions adversely affect the stability of the long-term operation of the stack.
In view of the above problems, referring to fig. 1 to 7, the present application provides a cell stack structure. The cell stack structure according to the embodiment of the present application may be applied to a solid oxide fuel cell, for example, SOFC, SOEC, PCFC, PCEC, and the like.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the present application provides a stack structure including a first end plate 10, a second end plate 20, and at least one cell assembly interposed between the first end plate 10 and the second end plate 20, the surface of the first end plate 10 adjacent to the cell assembly and the surface of the second end plate 20 adjacent to the cell assembly being provided with a current collecting member 30; the battery assembly comprises a battery and a mounting ring 40, the mounting ring 40 comprises an annular main body 41 and a limiting protrusion 42, the limiting protrusion 42 extends from the inner surface of the annular main body 41 towards the center direction of the annular main body 41, the battery is mounted on the first surface of the limiting protrusion 42, the first surface of the limiting protrusion 42 is parallel to the surface of the current collecting part 30, the height of the first surface of the limiting protrusion 42 is between two surfaces of the annular main body 41 parallel to the surface of the current collecting part 30, and the difference value between the thermal expansion coefficient of the mounting ring 40 and the thermal expansion coefficient of the battery is smaller than a preset value.
The first end plate 10 and the second end plate 20 may be made of metal materials such as aluminum, copper, stainless steel, etc., and in this embodiment, the first end plate 10 and the second end plate 20 may be made of stainless steel, so as to improve the service life of the cell stack. The current collecting member 30 may be a metal conductor material such as copper, aluminum, nickel, stainless steel, etc., a semiconductor material such as carbon, etc., and a composite material, and in this embodiment, the current collecting member 30 is made of foam silver or foam nickel to obtain a better current collecting effect. In the present embodiment, the mesh-shaped current collecting member 30 is used as an example, and in practical application, the current collecting member 30 may be other shapes, such as a mesh shape, a honeycomb shape, a film shape, a sheet shape, or the like, or copper foam may be used as the current collecting member 30, and may be selected according to practical needs, such as a mesh shape or a honeycomb shape for improving heat dissipation performance, a film shape or a sheet shape for improving charge and discharge efficiency, and silver foam, nickel foam, copper foam, or the like having a certain thickness may be used for better current collecting effect, which is not particularly limited herein.
In specific implementation, referring to fig. 1, fig. 4 and fig. 5, the current collecting member 30 may be disposed at a position where a plurality of through slots are formed, and the first end plate 10 and the second end plate 20 may be further provided with a plurality of air passage through holes 12a for transmitting the gas in the stack structure in cooperation with the stack air passage 15, referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, the annular main body 41 of the mounting ring 40 is also provided with air passage through holes 12a, and in addition, the first end plate 10 and the second end plate 20 may be further provided with a protruding portion 11 extending outwards respectively for connecting the current collecting rod 16. It will be appreciated that in fig. 1-5, the number of the air passage through holes 12a is taken as 4 (see 4 through holes spaced on the annular main body 41 of the first end plate 10, the connecting member 50 and the mounting ring 40 in fig. 1-5), and in practice, the number of the air passage through holes 12a may be any positive integer other than 4, and there is no specific limitation.
Referring to the schematic view of the stack structure shown in fig. 5, the first end plate 10, the second end plate 20 and the mounting ring 40 of the battery assembly are stacked, the surface where the current collecting member 30 is located, that is, the surface where the first end plate 10 is close to the battery assembly, and the surface where the second end plate 20 is close to the battery assembly, the stacking direction of the first end plate 10, the second end plate 20 and the mounting ring 40 is taken as the height direction of the stack structure, the surface where the current collecting member 30 is located is perpendicular to the height direction, the annular main body 41 is parallel to the two surfaces where the current collecting member 30 is located, that is, the upper surface and the lower surface of the annular main body 41 which are distributed along the height direction of the stack structure and are perpendicular to the height direction, the height of the first surface of the limiting protrusion 42 is between the upper surface and the lower surface of the annular main body 41, that is, between the mounting position of the battery and the upper surface and the lower surface of the annular main body 41, the battery is mounted at a certain height difference, and the position where the battery is mounted on the annular main body 41 is recessed inwards, even if the upper surface and the lower surface of the annular main body 41 is closely attached to the first end plate 10 and the second end plate 20, the first end plate 30 and the first end plate 30 can be directly subjected to a certain pressure from the upper surface and the first end plate 30.
As shown in fig. 5, the first end plate 10 may be an upper end plate of the stack structure, the second end plate 20 may be a lower end plate of the stack structure, at this time, a surface where the upper current collecting member 30 of the first end plate 10 is located, i.e., a lower surface of the first end plate 10, a surface where the upper current collecting member 30 of the second end plate 20 is located, i.e., an upper surface of the second end plate 20, in practical application, the first end plate 10 may also be a lower end plate of the stack structure, and the second end plate 20 may be an upper end plate of the stack structure, so that a surface where the upper current collecting member 30 of the first end plate 10 is located, i.e., an upper surface of the first end plate 10, and a surface where the upper current collecting member 30 of the second end plate 20 is located, i.e., a lower surface of the second end plate 20.
The specific value of the preset value may be set as required, and the preset value may be selected so that the mounting ring 40 may satisfy the following test conditions: the battery is not separated from the limit protrusions 42 of the mounting ring 40 after a certain number of warm-up and warm-down cycles. Specifically, the annular body 41 and the limiting protrusions 42 of the mounting ring 40 may be made of ceramic, glass, etc., and the thermal expansion coefficient of these materials is about 10×10 -6 K -1 With materials of batteries, e.g. BaZr 0.1 Ce 0.7 Y 0.1 Yb 0.1 O 3-δ Is about 9.6X10 -6 K -1 ) The smaller difference value is beneficial to reducing the situation that the battery is separated from the limiting protrusion 42 or the battery is cracked in the temperature rise and fall cycle. In this embodiment, the annular main body 41 and the limiting protrusion 42 may be made of ceramic, so as to improve the service life of the cell stack structure.
Particularly, in the case that the mounting ring 40 is a ceramic ring, the battery may be hermetically connected with the limiting protrusion 42 by using ceramic glue, specifically, after the complete battery is prepared, the ceramic glue may be used to perform dispensing on the first surface of the limiting protrusion 42, then the battery may be placed on the first surface of the dispensed limiting protrusion 42, then the oven may be used to dry the moisture of the ceramic glue on which the mounting ring 40 of the battery is placed, the oven temperature may be set as required, for example, may be set to 150 ℃, the dried mounting ring 40 may be taken out, the ceramic glue may be reused to fill the gap between the mounting ring 40 and the battery, and the oven may be used again to bake at the same temperature as the previous drying for tightly connecting the battery and the mounting ring 40 without air leakage phenomenon, and the duration of the baking may be set as required, for example, to be set to 12 hours.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2 and 3, fig. 2 shows a mounting ring 40 on which no battery is mounted, fig. 3 shows a battery assembly in which a battery is mounted on the mounting ring 40, and fig. 3 shows a region a representing a position of the battery, a shadow region b is a region in which a limit protrusion 42 exceeds a size of the battery, and when a gap between the mounting ring 40 and the battery is filled with ceramic glue, a position to be filled with the ceramic glue includes at least the shadow region b. It can be appreciated that in the embodiment of the present application, the limiting protrusion 42 is a complete annular protrusion, so as to reduce the complexity of sealing, improve the sealing effect, and in practical application, the limiting protrusion 42 may also be set as a plurality of limiting blocks arranged at intervals, so as to reduce the area of the battery covered by the battery.
It will be appreciated that in order to ensure the tightness of the stack structure as a whole, so that the gas generated from the cells of the stack structure is not discharged, and the different gases generated from the different surfaces of the cells are not mutually mixed, the annular body 41 of the mounting ring 40 needs to be tightly connected with the surfaces of the first end plate 10 and the second end plate 20 on which the current collecting member 30 is mounted, so that the size of the annular body 41 of the mounting ring 40 should be at least not smaller than the size of the cells and the current collecting member 30, the pressure from the first end plate 10, the second end plate 20 and the current collecting member 30 to which the cells are subjected is reduced, and the height of the cells and the current collecting member 30 is prevented from affecting the fit of the annular body 41 with the first end plate 10 and the second end plate 20. Taking the mounting ring 40 as a circular ring and the battery as a circular battery piece as an example, the diameter of the inner circle of the annular main body 41 (i.e. the diameter of the outer circle of the limiting protrusion 42) is not smaller than the diameter of the circular battery piece and the diameter of the current collecting part 30, and the gap between the battery and the mounting ring 40 is filled with ceramic glue, so that the leakage phenomenon can be reduced even if the size of the battery is smaller than the diameter of the outer circle of the limiting protrusion 42. In addition, for the ceramic mounting ring 40, since the coefficients of thermal expansion of the ceramic glue, the ceramic mounting ring 40 and the battery are relatively close, the use of the ceramic glue to connect the battery and the limit protrusion 42 of the mounting ring 40 reduces the risk of cracking and damaging the battery when it is subjected to temperature change, and the risk of detachment from the mounting ring 40 is relatively small.
The technical scheme of the invention provides a battery stack structure, which comprises a first end plate 10, a second end plate 20 and at least one battery assembly, wherein the at least one battery assembly is clamped between the first end plate 10 and the second end plate 20, the surface of the first end plate 10 close to the battery assembly and the surface of the second end plate 20 close to the battery assembly are both provided with a current collecting part 30, the battery assembly comprises a battery and a mounting ring 40, the mounting ring 40 comprises an annular main body 41 and a limiting protrusion 42, the limiting protrusion 42 extends from the inner surface of the annular main body 41 towards the center direction of the annular main body 41, the battery is mounted on the first surface of the limiting protrusion 42, the first surface of the limiting protrusion 42 is parallel to the surface of the current collecting part 30, and the difference between the thermal expansion coefficient of the mounting ring 40 and the thermal expansion coefficient of the battery is smaller than a preset value between the two surfaces of the annular main body 41 and the surface of the current collecting part 30. In the battery stack structure provided by the application, when the battery assembly is clamped between the first end plate 10 and the second end plate 20, because the first surface of the limiting projection 42 for installing the battery in the single battery assembly is between the two surfaces of the annular main body 41, even if the annular main body 41 is tightly connected with the two end plates, the height difference still exists between the first surface of the limiting projection 42 and the two end plates, thereby being beneficial to reducing the pressure of the battery bearing the first end plate 10, the second end plate 20 and the current collecting part 30, reducing the possibility of cracking of the battery, and simultaneously, being beneficial to reducing the occurrence of the situation that the battery is separated from or cracked with the mounting ring 40 in the temperature change process due to the small difference of the thermal expansion coefficients of the mounting ring 40 and the battery, the stability of long-term operation of the battery stack is higher.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, in one possible example, in the case where at least one cell assembly is a plurality of cell assemblies, the stack structure further includes a connection member 50; the plurality of battery modules and the connecting member 50 are stacked, the connecting member 50 is disposed between adjacent two of the battery modules, and the surface of the connecting member 50 adjacent to the battery modules is also provided with the current collecting member 30.
In particular, in case of a plurality of battery modules, as shown in fig. 5, the battery modules and the connection members 50 may be alternately stacked in the stack structure, the connection members 50 are adjacent to the surfaces of the battery modules, i.e., the two surfaces of the connection members 50 perpendicular to the height direction, i.e., the upper and lower surfaces of the connection members 50, the surfaces of the connection members 50 are provided with current collecting members 30 for collecting current, and the mounting rings 40 of the battery modules are coupled with the connection members 50, the first end plates 10 and the second end plates 20 for sealing.
In accordance with the first end plate 10 and the second end plate 20, the connecting member 50 may be made of metal such as aluminum, copper, stainless steel, etc., and in this embodiment, the connecting member 50 may be made of stainless steel to improve the service life of the cell stack.
In a specific implementation, referring to fig. 4, corresponding to the first end plate 10 and the second end plate 20, a plurality of air passage through holes 12a may be further formed on the connecting member 50.
It will be appreciated that in order to ensure the tightness of the stack structure as a whole so that the gases generated by the cells of the stack structure do not leak and the different gases generated by the different surfaces of the cells do not cross each other, the annular body 41 of the mounting ring 40 needs to be tightly connected to the adjacent first end plate 10, second end plate 20 or connecting member 50, and the annular body 41 of the mounting ring 40 should be at least not smaller than the size of the cells and the current collecting member 30, so that the stresses applied to the cells from the first end plate 10, second end plate 20, connecting member 50 and current collecting member 30 are reduced while the height of the cells and the current collecting member 30 is prevented from affecting the fit of the annular body 41 to the adjacent first end plate 10, second end plate 20 or connecting member 50.
It should be understood that, although the shapes of the mounting ring 40, the first end plate 10, the second end plate 20, the connecting member 50 and the insulating spacer 70 are illustrated in fig. 1-6 as being circular, the shapes of the above components are not limited to circular, but may be any shape such as circular, square or other irregular shapes, and are not limited thereto.
In one possible example, the limiting protrusion 42 includes a first protrusion, and the current collecting member 30 includes a first member and a second member, which are the current collecting members 30 adjacent to the first protrusion, and a height difference between a first surface of the first protrusion and a surface on which the first member is located is not less than a sum of thicknesses of the first member and the battery, and a height difference between the first surface of the first protrusion and the second member is not less than a sum of thicknesses of the first protrusion and the second member.
The first protrusion may be a limit protrusion 42 of any one of the cell assemblies in the stack structure.
In particular, each of the battery modules is sandwiched between any two members of the connecting member 50, the first end plate 10 and the second end plate 20, and further, two surfaces of each of the batteries are opposite to one of the current collecting members 30, respectively, referring to fig. 5, and each of the upper and lower surfaces of the battery in any one of the battery modules has one of the adjacent current collecting members 30.
Taking the upper surface of the limiting protrusion 42 as the first surface on which the battery is mounted as an example, the first current collecting member 30 above the first protrusion is a first member, and the first current collecting member 30 below the first protrusion is a second member. The height difference between the first surface of the first protrusion and the surface where the first part is located is not smaller than the sum of the thicknesses of the first part and the battery, and the height difference between the first surface of the first protrusion and the second part is not smaller than the sum of the thicknesses of the first protrusion and the second part, so that the space between the battery and the current collecting part 30 is larger, the placing requirements of the current collecting parts 30 with different shapes are met conveniently, and therefore, thicker current collecting parts 30 such as nickel foam or silver foam can be used to obtain better current collecting effect.
It can be seen that, in this example, the difference in height between the first surface of the first protrusion and the surface on which the adjacent first component is located is not smaller than the sum of the thicknesses of the first component and the battery, and the difference in height between the first surface of the first protrusion and the adjacent second component is not smaller than the sum of the thicknesses of the first protrusion and the second component, which is beneficial to improving the current collecting effect of the cell stack structure and improving the stability of the cell stack structure.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in one possible example, the annular body 41 is provided with a limit groove 14a on a first surface parallel to the surface on which the current collecting member 30 is located, the surface of the first end plate 10 adjacent to the first surface of the annular body 41, and/or the surface of the second end plate 20 adjacent to the first surface of the annular body 41 is correspondingly provided with a limit protrusion 13.
Wherein the first surface of the annular body 41, that is, the upper and lower surfaces of the annular body 41, the surface of the first end plate 10 adjacent to the first surface of the annular body 41, that is, the surface of the first end plate 10 provided with the current collecting member 30, and the surface of the second end plate 20 adjacent to the first surface of the annular body 41, that is, the surface of the second end plate 20 provided with the current collecting member 30. Accordingly, in the case that the connection member 50 is included in the stack structure, the connection member 50 may be provided at both surfaces adjacent to the battery assembly (i.e., both surfaces of the connection member 50 where the current collecting member 30 is provided) with the limit protrusions 13 corresponding to the limit grooves 14a provided at the first surface of the annular body 41.
In particular, the limit grooves 14a and the limit protrusions 13 are disposed at the edge positions of the annular body 41, the first end plate 10, the second end plate 20, and the connection member 50, and the positions of the limit grooves 14a and the limit protrusions 13 are not overlapped with the positions of the battery and the current collecting member 30.
It will be appreciated that, in fig. 1 to fig. 4, the number of the limit grooves 14a and the limit protrusions 13 is only one possible example to improve the positioning effect in the case of reducing the number of the process steps, and in practical applications, the number of the limit grooves 14a and the limit protrusions 13 may be other positive integers greater than or less than 2, which is not particularly limited herein. In addition, the setting positions of the limit grooves 14a and the limit protrusions 13 may be different from those shown in fig. 1 to 4, for example, the positions of the limit grooves 14a may be uniformly spaced along the edge of the annular body 41, and there is no particular limitation. Of course, in practical application, the limiting groove 14a may be disposed on the first end plate 10, the second end plate 20 and the connecting piece 50, and the corresponding limiting protrusion 13 may be disposed on the annular main body 41, or each of the first end plate 10, the second end plate 20, the connecting piece 50 and the annular main body 41 may be simultaneously provided with the limiting groove 14a and the limiting protrusion 13, so long as the limiting grooves 14a or the limiting protrusions 13 disposed on two adjacent components can be mutually matched for positioning, which is not limited specifically herein. In this embodiment of the application, under the condition that ceramic material, first end plate 10, second end plate 20 and connecting piece 50 are adopted to collar 40, because stainless steel material is less fragile with ceramic material relatively, adopt stainless steel material preparation convex part, be favorable to avoiding spacing convex part 13 to damage the adverse effect that brings to the pile-up location of pile structure.
In a specific implementation, the dimensions of the first end plate 10, the second end plate 20 and the connecting piece 50 may be different from those of the annular main body 41 to a certain extent, and further, besides the single protruding limiting protrusion 13, protruding limiting rings may be further disposed at edges of larger-sized components, for example, as shown in fig. 5, the diameters of the first end plate 10, the second end plate 20 and the connecting piece 50 are slightly larger than the outer diameters of the annular main body 41, and edge portions of the first end plate 10, the second end plate 20 and the connecting piece 50, which are slightly larger than the annular main body 41, are disposed as protruding limiting rings, based on which the annular main body 41 may be prepared to be placed in the region of the limiting rings when the stack structure is assembled, and further, based on the limiting protrusions on the limiting rings, the air holes formed on the first end plate 10, the second end plate 20, the connecting piece 50 and the annular main body 41 may be accurately aligned.
It can be seen that, in this example, the limiting groove 14a and the limiting protrusion 13 are correspondingly disposed between the annular main body 41 and the end plate, which is favorable to positioning in the process of assembling the cell stack structure, improves the accuracy of assembling the cell stack structure, does not need to damage the cell itself, and is favorable to improving the stability of long-term operation of the cell stack structure.
Referring to fig. 1, in one possible example, the surfaces of the first and second end plates 10 and 20 provided with the current collecting member 30 each form a recess space in the height direction, and the current collecting member 30 is disposed in the recess space, and the height of the recess space is not less than the thickness of the current collecting member 30.
Wherein, the surface of the connection member 50 provided with the current collecting member 30 corresponding to the first and second end plates 10 and 20 may also form a recess space in the height direction for receiving the current collecting member 30.
In particular, the height of the concave space may be equal to the thickness of the current collecting member 30, or the height of the concave space may be lower or higher than the thickness of the current collecting member 30, which is not limited herein, and may be set according to actual needs. The height of the concave space is not smaller than the thickness of the current collecting part 30 in the example, which is beneficial to ensuring that the space between the battery and the current collecting part 30 is larger after the assembly of the battery stack structure is completed, and is convenient to meet the placing requirements of the current collecting parts 30 with different shapes, so that thicker current collecting parts 30 such as foam nickel or foam silver can be used to obtain better current collecting effect, meanwhile, due to the larger space, gases such as hydrogen and oxygen at two sides of the battery can be fully contacted with the battery, further, the battery can perform oxidation reduction reaction better, and in addition, even if the volume of the current collecting part 30 is changed due to temperature change during the operation of the battery stack, the extrusion of the current collecting part 30 to the battery can be reduced.
It will be appreciated that even though the height of the concave space is smaller than the thickness of the current collecting member 30, by increasing the difference between the height of the first surface of the limit protrusion 42 in the mounting ring 40 and the height of the upper and lower surfaces of the annular body 41, the space between the battery and the current collecting member 30 can be made larger, and in this example, the concave space height of the first end plate 10, the second end plate 20 and the connecting member 50 is not smaller than the thickness of the current collecting member 30, so that the thicknesses of the first end plate 10, the second end plate 20 and the connecting member 50 can be made relatively thicker, while the thickness of the annular body 41 is relatively thinner, which is advantageous for further improving the life of the battery stack structure in the case that the end plate and the connecting member 50 are generally made of metal materials less susceptible to damage.
It can be seen that, in this example, the surfaces of the first end plate 10 and the second end plate 20 provided with the current collecting member 30 each form a concave space along the height direction, the current collecting member 30 is disposed in the concave space, and the height of the concave space is not less than the thickness of the current collecting member 30, which is advantageous for further improving the stability of the cell stack structure.
In one possible example, the stack structure further includes a sealing gasket disposed between the mounting ring 40 and the first end plate 10 of the cell assembly and between the mounting ring 40 and the second end plate 20 of the cell assembly, the sealing gasket having a coefficient of thermal expansion between that of the mounting ring 40 and that of the first end plate 10 and the second end plate 20.
In particular, in the case where the stack structure includes the connection members 50, a sealing gasket is provided between the mounting ring 40 of the cell assembly and the adjacent connection members 50. Specifically, the gasket seals are disposed between the surfaces of the annular body 41 of the mounting ring 40 that contact the first end plate 10, the second end plate 20, and the connection member 50, i.e., the upper and/or lower surfaces of the annular body 41, the first end plate 10, the second end plate 20, and the connection member 50, respectively. Since the first end plate 10, the second end plate 20 and the connecting member 50 are made of the same material, when the sealing gaskets are selected, the expansion coefficients of the first end plate 10, the second end plate 20 and the connecting member 50 can be regarded as equal, and the thermal expansion coefficients of the materials selected for the first end plate 10, the second end plate 20 and the connecting member 50 can be directly used as the thermal expansion coefficients of the first end plate 10, the second end plate 20 and the connecting member 50, and the sealing gaskets with the thermal expansion coefficients between the thermal expansion coefficients of the mounting ring 40 and the materials selected for the first end plate 10, the second end plate 20 and the connecting member 50 are selected.
In order to improve the tightness of the cell stack structure, the material of the sealing gasket may be a material with a certain elasticity, and when the first end plate 10, the second end plate 20 or the connecting piece 50 and the mounting ring 40 are extruded, the sealing gasket may deform to a certain extent, so that even if the surface of the annular main body 41 of the mounting ring 40 may be uneven during processing, the sealing gasket may deform, and adverse effects possibly caused by the uneven surface of the annular main body 41 on tightness may be reduced.
In this possible example, the first end plate 10 and the second end plate 20 are stainless steel end plates, the mounting ring 40 is a ceramic ring, and the sealing gasket is a soft mica gasket.
When the first end plate 10, the second end plate 20 and the connecting piece 50 are made of stainless steel, and the mounting ring 40 is made of ceramic, the stainless steel and the ceramic may be in direct contact with each other to cause a gas leakage phenomenon due to the fact that the stainless steel and the ceramic are not in tight contact, and the difference of thermal expansion coefficients of the stainless steel and the ceramic is large, under the condition that the stainless steel is subjected to the pressure of the end plate or the connecting piece 50, the ceramic mounting ring 40 may break during high-temperature operation, so as to drive the battery to crack, and due to the fact that the thermal expansion coefficient of the soft mica gasket is between the stainless steel and the ceramic and the soft mica gasket is deformed due to the pressure, the soft mica gasket is arranged between the first end plate 10, the second end plate 20 and the connecting piece 50 and the annular main body 41, the risk of battery cracking can be reduced while the tightness is improved, and in addition, due to the fact that the ignition point of the soft mica sheet is higher than the operating temperature of the battery stack, the soft mica sheet itself is not burnt during normal operation of the battery stack, so that the safety of the battery stack is guaranteed.
It can be seen that, in this example, the sealing gaskets are disposed between the mounting ring 40 and the first end plate 10 of the battery assembly and between the mounting ring 40 and the second end plate 20 of the battery assembly, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the sealing gaskets is between the thermal expansion coefficient of the mounting ring 40 and the thermal expansion coefficients of the first end plate 10 and the second end plate 20, so as to facilitate improving the tightness of the cell stack structure, reduce the risk of damaging the cell stack structure, and further improve the stability of the cell stack structure.
In one possible example, the first surface of the limit projection 42 is an upper surface of the limit projection 42.
It can be seen that, in this example, when the battery is mounted on the upper surface of the limiting protrusion 42, the situation that the battery is separated from the mounting ring 40 due to gravity is reduced, which is beneficial to further improving the stability of the battery stack structure.
It will be appreciated that in practical applications, the first surface of the limiting projection 42 may be other surfaces besides the upper surface, such as the lower surface of the limiting projection 42, which is not particularly limited herein.
In addition, as shown in fig. 5, in order to further ensure the tightness of the cell stack structure, two force application plates 60 may be further included in addition to the two end plates of the cell stack structure, the area of the force application plates 60 may be larger than that of the upper and lower end plates, positioning through holes may be formed in the force application plates 60 in addition to the air passage through holes 12a formed therein, the entire cell stack structure may be pressed and fixed by fasteners 80 such as bolts, and the force application plates 60 may be made of a metal material, in this example, the force application plates 60 are stainless steel plates. In order to avoid the mutual influence between different stacks, insulating spacers 70 may be disposed between the first end plate 10 and the second end plate 20 of the single stack structure and the two force application plates 60, and the insulating spacers 70 may be made of ceramic, for example.
Further, as shown in fig. 6, the assembled stack structure further includes the stack air passages 15, the fastening members 80, the current collecting rods 16, etc., and the current collecting rods 16 can be used to effectively collect current, and the gases such as hydrogen and air can flow in and out from the stack air passages 15, wherein the number of the stack air passages 15 is equal to the number of the air passage through holes 12a formed in the annular main body 41 of the first end plate 10, the connecting member 50 and the mounting ring 40, and corresponds to the 4 air passage through holes 12a shown in fig. 1-5, and then the assembled stack structure shown in fig. 6 includes 4 stack air passages 15.
It should be noted that, the various cell stack structures described in the embodiments of the present application are only exemplary, and in practical application, the shapes, materials and arrangement positions of the components in the cell stack structures may be adjusted according to needs, which may be different from those of the embodiments of the present application, and specific limitations are not provided herein, for example, the channel for the gas path of the cell stack (including the arrangement position of the gas path passage 15 and the gas path through hole 12a formed in the cell stack structure) to enter and exit is not limited to the upper side, but may also be the lower side or the lateral side.
In addition, referring to fig. 7, the stack structure shown in fig. 6 of the embodiment of the present application was used for packaging and testing, and the test result shows that the output of the stack structure shows a stable and non-decreasing state within 140 hours, and the stack structure shown in the embodiment of the present application has better stability under the condition of long-term operation.
The present application further provides a fuel cell, which includes a stack structure, and the specific structure of the stack structure refers to the above embodiment, and since the fuel cell adopts all the technical solutions of all the embodiments of the stack structure, at least has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the embodiments, which are not described in a one-to-one manner herein.
The foregoing examples represent only a few embodiments of the present application, which are described in more detail and are not thereby to be construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that it would be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements could be made without departing from the spirit of the present application, which would be within the scope of the present application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the claims appended hereto.
Claims (6)
1. A cell stack structure comprising a first end plate, a second end plate, and at least one cell assembly;
the at least one battery assembly is clamped between the first end plate and the second end plate, and the surface of the first end plate, which is close to the battery assembly, and the surface of the second end plate, which is close to the battery assembly, are both provided with current collecting parts;
the battery assembly comprises a battery and a mounting ring, the mounting ring comprises an annular main body and a limiting protrusion, the limiting protrusion extends from the inner surface of the annular main body towards the center direction of the annular main body, the battery is mounted on a first surface of the limiting protrusion, the first surface of the limiting protrusion is parallel to the surface of the current collecting part, the height of the first surface of the limiting protrusion is between two surfaces of the annular main body parallel to the surface of the current collecting part, and the difference value between the thermal expansion coefficient of the mounting ring and the thermal expansion coefficient of the battery is smaller than a preset value;
the limiting protrusion comprises a first protrusion, the current collecting part comprises a first part and a second part, the first part and the second part are current collecting parts adjacent to the first protrusion, the height difference between the first surface of the first protrusion and the surface where the first part is located is not smaller than the sum of the thicknesses of the first part and the battery, and the height difference between the first surface of the first protrusion and the second part is not smaller than the sum of the thicknesses of the first protrusion and the second part; the surfaces of the first end plate and the second end plate, on which the current collecting parts are arranged, form a concave space along the height direction, the current collecting parts are arranged in the concave space, and the height of the concave space is not less than the thickness of the current collecting parts; the cell stack structure further includes a sealing gasket disposed between the mounting ring of the cell assembly and the first end plate, and between the mounting ring of the cell assembly and the second end plate, the sealing gasket having a coefficient of thermal expansion between that of the mounting ring and that of the first end plate and the second end plate; the battery is in sealing connection with the limit protrusions by ceramic glue.
2. The cell stack structure according to claim 1, wherein in the case where the at least one cell assembly is a plurality of cell assemblies, the cell stack structure further comprises a connection member;
the battery modules are stacked with the connecting piece, the connecting piece is arranged between two adjacent battery modules, and the surface, close to the battery modules, of the connecting piece is also provided with the current collecting part.
3. The cell stack structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a first surface of the annular body parallel to the surface on which the current collecting member is provided with a limit groove, a surface of the first end plate adjacent to the first surface of the annular body, and/or a surface of the second end plate adjacent to the first surface of the annular body is correspondingly provided with a limit protrusion.
4. The cell stack structure of claim 1, wherein the first end plate and the second end plate are stainless steel end plates, the mounting ring is a ceramic ring, and the sealing gasket is a soft mica gasket.
5. The cell stack structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first surface of the limit projection is an upper surface of the limit projection.
6. The cell stack structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mounting ring is a ceramic ring.
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