CN113540497A - Molten carbonate fuel cell sealing structure and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Molten carbonate fuel cell sealing structure and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113540497A
CN113540497A CN202110948320.XA CN202110948320A CN113540497A CN 113540497 A CN113540497 A CN 113540497A CN 202110948320 A CN202110948320 A CN 202110948320A CN 113540497 A CN113540497 A CN 113540497A
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China
Prior art keywords
plate
fuel cell
sealing structure
molten carbonate
carbonate fuel
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CN202110948320.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王菊
卢成壮
张瑞云
程健
杨冠军
黄华
白发琪
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Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute
Huaneng Power International Inc
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Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute
Huaneng Power International Inc
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Priority to CN202110948320.XA priority Critical patent/CN113540497A/en
Publication of CN113540497A publication Critical patent/CN113540497A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2022/099561 priority patent/WO2023020104A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
    • H01M8/0276—Sealing means characterised by their form
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
    • H01M8/0263—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant having meandering or serpentine paths
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
    • H01M8/0286—Processes for forming seals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/14—Fuel cells with fused electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/14—Fuel cells with fused electrolytes
    • H01M2008/147—Fuel cells with molten carbonates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cell preparation, and particularly relates to a molten carbonate fuel cell sealing structure and a preparation method and application thereof. According to the order of diagonal line size from large to small, the sealing structure of the molten carbonate fuel cell comprises an electrode, a punching plate and a flow field plate which are sequentially overlapped. The sealing structure of the molten carbonate fuel cell has better sealing performance under the condition of not adding a sealing element, reduces the leakage risk, and can reduce the spacing of electrodes and increase the volumetric power density of the cell when being used for preparing the cell; in addition, the weight of the sealing structure of the molten carbonate fuel cell can be reduced without adding a sealing element, and the power density is further improved.

Description

Molten carbonate fuel cell sealing structure and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cell preparation, and particularly relates to a molten carbonate fuel cell sealing structure and a preparation method and application thereof; and more particularly, to a molten carbonate fuel cell sealing structure and a method of manufacturing the same, a bipolar plate including the molten carbonate fuel cell sealing structure, and a molten carbonate fuel cell including the bipolar plate.
Background
The Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell (MCFC) is a high-temperature fuel cell working at 650 ℃, has the advantages of no need of noble metal as a catalyst, wide fuel source, low noise, basically zero emission of pollutants, high power generation efficiency, realization of cogeneration and the like, is suitable for distributed power stations or fixed power stations of hundreds of kilowatts to megawatts, and has good development prospect.
The molten carbonate battery is a power generation device for directly converting chemical energy of fuel into electric energy, and is formed from porous ceramic cathode, porous ceramic electrolyte diaphragm, porous metal anode, metal bipolar plate and carbonate electrolyte, in which the bipolar plate is a device for introducing and discharging cathode and anode gases and cooling medium, also is a conductor for series-connection of battery and electric energy output, and is one of the key components of all fuel cells.
The bipolar plate of the fuel cell has the advantages of good conductivity and flatness as much as possible, reasonable air flow distribution, light weight as much as possible, and operation under the condition of molten salt corrosion, and the bipolar plate is required to have oxidation resistance, reduction resistance and electrolyte corrosion resistance. Because the existing gas media hydrogen, air and carbon dioxide exist in the molten state fuel cell during operation, the mutual channeling of the reaction gas is prevented, and the leakage of the reaction gas is also prevented.
In the prior art, chinese patent document CN110380074A discloses a method for preparing a light bipolar plate of a molten carbonate fuel cell, wherein the bipolar plate comprises an anode flow field plate, an anode frame plate, a central plate, a cathode frame plate and a cathode flow field plate, the anode frame plate, the central plate and the cathode frame plate are connected by a laser welding technique, after the welding is completed, a sealing material layer is coated at the welding position, and finally the anode flow field plate and the cathode flow field plate are respectively placed in through holes to obtain the light bipolar plate of the molten carbonate fuel cell. However, the structure is assembled by one piece, sealing materials are placed in order to guarantee sealing performance, the height of the galvanic pile is high, power density is affected, assembly is inconvenient, and gas leakage is easy to occur. In addition, the prior art also has the sealing form of compression after placing the sealing material, and the sealing element is thick, so that the problems of high stack height, influence on power density, gas leakage and the like can also occur.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of high stack density, poor sealing property and the like caused by placing a sealing material in a bipolar structure of a molten carbonate fuel cell in the prior art, so that the sealing structure of the molten carbonate fuel cell, and the preparation method and the application thereof are provided.
Therefore, the invention provides the following technical scheme.
The invention provides a sealing structure of a molten carbonate fuel cell, which comprises an electrode, a punching plate and a flow field plate which are sequentially overlapped according to the sequence of diagonal sizes from large to small.
With the diagonal as the benchmark, the size ratio of the electrode, the punching plate and the flow field plate is 1: (0.95-0.85): (0.85-0.75).
A plurality of round holes are formed in the punching plate and used for filling electrolyte;
a flow channel is arranged on the flow field plate, and the flow channel is a snake-shaped flow channel;
the electrodes comprise cathodes and/or anodes; the porosity of the cathode is no more than 75%; the porosity of the anode is not less than 55%.
The thickness of the punching plate is 0.6-1 mm; the thickness of the flow field plate is 1.5-2 mm;
the punching plate is made of stainless steel; the flow field plate is made of stainless steel; the electrode is a nickel electrode and/or a nickel oxide electrode.
The molten carbonate fuel cell sealing structure does not add a sealing element or a sealing material; the electrodes, perforated plates and flow field plates may be, but are not limited to, rectangular or square; the electrodes, the perforated plate and the flow field plate have the same profile.
The invention provides a preparation method of the sealing structure of the molten carbonate fuel cell, which comprises the following steps,
and overlapping and assembling the electrode, the punching plate and the flow field plate in sequence, and pressing under the pressure not more than 2.0MPa to obtain the sealing structure of the molten carbonate fuel cell.
The pressing time is 5-10 min.
In addition, the invention provides a bipolar plate, which comprises the sealing structure of the molten carbonate fuel cell or the sealing structure of the molten carbonate fuel cell prepared by the method, and also comprises a central frame plate;
the thickness of the central frame plate is 3-4 mm;
at least one groove is arranged in the central frame plate;
the groove is embedded with the sealing structure of the molten carbonate fuel cell, and the thickness of the sealing structure of the molten carbonate fuel cell is matched with the depth of the groove.
The size ratio of the central frame plate to the electrode is (1.1-1.2) on the basis of a diagonal line: 1.
the bipolar plate is also provided with an air inlet hole and an air outlet hole, the air inlet hole is arranged at the junction position of the flow field plate and the central frame plate, is communicated with a flow channel of the flow field plate and is embedded on the central frame plate;
the air outlet holes and the air inlet holes are oppositely arranged at two ends of the bipolar plate on the same side and are symmetrical about the center, and the air outlet holes are arranged at the junction position of the flow field plate and the central frame plate, are communicated with a flow channel of the flow field plate and are embedded on the central frame plate.
A first groove and a second groove are formed in the central frame plate; the first groove and the second groove are oppositely arranged on two sides of the central frame plate;
a first molten carbonate fuel cell sealing structure is embedded in the first groove, and an electrode in the first molten carbonate fuel cell sealing structure is a cathode;
a second molten carbonate fuel cell sealing structure is embedded in the second groove, and an electrode in the second molten carbonate fuel cell sealing structure is an anode.
Further, the present invention provides a molten carbonate fuel cell comprising at least one of the above molten carbonate fuel cell sealing structure and/or at least one of the above bipolar plate.
When the molten carbonate fuel cell is a single cell, the fuel cell comprises a bipolar plate;
when the molten carbonate fuel cell is an assembled cell stack, the molten carbonate fuel cell comprises a plurality of bipolar plates;
the molten carbonate fuel cell further includes a membrane, an air-side end plate, and a fuel gas-side end plate.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the sealing structure of the molten carbonate fuel cell provided by the invention comprises electrodes, a punching plate and a flow field plate which are sequentially overlapped according to the sequence of the diagonal sizes from large to small. The sealing structure of the molten carbonate fuel cell has better sealing performance under the condition of not adding a sealing element, reduces the leakage risk, and can reduce the spacing of electrodes and increase the volumetric power density of the cell when being used for preparing the cell; in addition, the weight of the sealing structure can be reduced without adding a sealing element, and the power density is further improved.
According to the order from large to small of diagonal dimension, the sealing structure of the molten carbonate fuel cell sequentially comprises an electrode, a punching plate and a flow field plate, wherein the electrode, the punching plate and the flow field plate are laminated one by one, so that the flatness can be ensured, the leakage risk can be reduced, and the sealing performance of the sealing structure is improved. In the invention, the punching plate is arranged between the flow field plate and the electrode to play the roles of supporting the electrode and collecting current.
2. According to the sealing structure of the molten carbonate fuel cell, the size proportion of the electrodes, the punching plates and the flow field plate is limited, the flatness of the stepped structure can be improved, the sealing effect of the sealing structure and the efficiency of the fuel cell are further improved, if the size proportion of adjacent plates is too large, the punching plates cannot support the flow field plate, a gas flow channel in the flow field plate is too short, the passing gas pressure is large, energy loss is large, the efficiency of the fuel cell is low, and if the size proportion of adjacent plates is too small, the sealing effect is similar to that of an aligned integrated structure, and the sealing effect is reduced.
3. According to the preparation method of the sealing structure of the molten carbonate fuel cell, when the stepped descending sealing structure is prepared, the assembly pressure can be reduced to 2.0MPa, and compared with the pressing pressure of 3-5MPa in the prior art, the stepped descending sealing structure can reduce the assembly pressure on the premise of ensuring the sealing performance of the structure; compared with the traditional alignment integrated structure, the invention has no constraint of a sealing element, and is more convenient to place and align in assembly.
4. The bipolar plate provided by the invention comprises the molten carbonate fuel cell sealing structure and a central frame plate, wherein at least one groove is arranged in the central frame plate; the sealing structure of the molten carbonate fuel cell is embedded in the groove, and the thickness of the sealing structure of the molten carbonate fuel cell is matched with the depth of the groove. The bipolar plate is not externally sealed orThe bipolar plate has better sealing performance under the condition of a sealing material, reduces the leakage risk, can shorten the distance between an anode and a cathode when being used for preparing a molten carbonate fuel cell, improves and increases the volumetric power density of the cell, and can reach the cell performance of 100mA/cm2@0.7V。
5. The molten carbonate fuel cell provided by the invention comprises the molten carbonate fuel cell sealing structure and/or the bipolar plate provided by the invention, so that the cell has better sealing performance, gas leakage is avoided, and the cell also has better volume power density, thereby avoiding the problem of poor boundary sealing performance caused by the same size of an electrode, a flow field plate, a central frame plate and the like in the prior art, and simultaneously overcoming the problem of reduction of the volume power density of the cell caused by adding a sealing element or a sealing material in the prior art.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a molten carbonate fuel cell sealing structure in example 1 of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a bipolar plate in example 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows the arrangement of the air holes and air holes on the bipolar plate in example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic assembly view of a molten carbonate fuel cell in experimental example 1 of the present invention;
1-an electrode; 2-punching a plate; 3-a flow field plate; 4-a center frame plate; 5-air side end plate; 6-first diaphragm, 7-first seal structure, 8-second seal structure, 9-second diaphragm, 10-fuel gas side end plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a sealing structure of a molten carbonate fuel cell, which is marked as a, and specifically comprises an electrode 1, a punching plate 2 and a flow field plate 3 which are sequentially overlapped according to the sequence of diagonal sizes from large to small as shown in fig. 1; the punching plate 2 is arranged between the flow field plate 3 and the electrode 1 and can play a role in supporting the electrode and collecting current; the electrodes 1, the punching plates 2 and the flow field plates 3 are rectangular.
Taking a diagonal line as a reference, the size of the electrode is 819mm, the size of the punching plate is 778mm, and the size of the flow field plate is 696 mm; the thickness of the electrode is 0.8mm, the thickness of the punching plate is 0.6mm, and the thickness of the flow field plate is 2 mm.
The punching plate is made of stainless steel and is provided with a plurality of round holes for filling electrolyte, and the porosity of the punching plate is 60%; the flow field plate is made of stainless steel, and is internally provided with a flow channel which is a snakelike flow channel and is used for filling electrolyte and conveying gas; the electrode is a cathode, the cathode is a nickel oxide electrode, and the porosity is 75%.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the sealing structure, which comprises the following steps,
and after the electrode, the punching plate and the flow field plate are sequentially overlapped and assembled, pressing for 5min under the condition of 2MPa to obtain the sealing structure A.
In addition, the embodiment further provides a bipolar plate, which is marked as a bipolar plate a and comprises a sealing structure a and a central frame plate, wherein a groove is formed in the central frame plate, the sealing structure a is embedded in the groove, the depth of the groove is matched with the thickness of the sealing structure a, the diagonal is taken as a reference, and the size of the central frame plate is 900 mm; the material is stainless steel material, and the depth of the central frame plate groove is 3.4 mm.
The bipolar plate is also provided with an air inlet hole and an air outlet hole, as shown in fig. 3, the air inlet hole is arranged at the junction position of the flow field plate and the central frame plate, is communicated with a flow channel of the flow field plate and is embedded on the central frame plate; the air outlet holes and the air inlet holes are oppositely arranged at two ends of the bipolar plate on the same side and are symmetrical about the center, and the air outlet holes are arranged at the junction position of the flow field plate and the central frame plate, are communicated with a flow channel of the flow field plate and are embedded on the central frame plate.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a sealing structure of a molten carbonate fuel cell, which is marked as B and comprises an electrode 1, a punching plate 2 and a flow field plate 3 which are sequentially overlapped; the punching plate 2 is arranged between the flow field plate 3 and the electrode 1 and can play a role in supporting the electrode and collecting current; the electrodes 1, the punching plates 2 and the flow field plates 3 are rectangular.
Taking a diagonal line as a reference, the size of the electrode is 819mm, the size of the punching plate is 778mm, and the size of the flow field plate is 696 mm; the thickness of the electrode is 0.8mm, the thickness of the punching plate is 0.6mm, and the thickness of the flow field plate is 2 mm.
The punching plate is made of stainless steel and is provided with a plurality of round holes for filling electrolyte, and the porosity of the punching plate is 60%; the flow field plate is made of stainless steel, and is internally provided with a flow channel which is a snakelike flow channel and is used for filling electrolyte and conveying gas; the electrode was a nickel electrode, the porosity was 55%.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the sealing structure, which comprises the following steps,
and after the electrode, the punching plate and the flow field plate are sequentially overlapped and assembled, pressing for 5min under the condition of 2MPa to obtain a sealing structure B.
In addition, the embodiment further provides a bipolar plate, which is marked as a bipolar plate B and comprises a sealing structure B and a central frame plate, wherein a groove is formed in the central frame plate, the sealing structure B is embedded in the groove, the depth of the groove is matched with the thickness of the sealing structure B, the diagonal line is used as a reference, and the size of the central frame plate is 900 mm; the material is stainless steel, and the depth of the central frame plate groove is 3.4 mmmm.
The bipolar plate is also provided with an air inlet hole and an air outlet hole, the air inlet hole is arranged at the junction position of the flow field plate and the central frame plate, is communicated with the flow channel of the flow field plate and is embedded on the central frame plate; the air outlet holes and the air inlet holes are oppositely arranged at two ends of the bipolar plate on the same side and are symmetrical about the center, and the air outlet holes are arranged at the junction position of the flow field plate and the central frame plate, are communicated with a flow channel of the flow field plate and are embedded on the central frame plate.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a sealing structure of a molten carbonate fuel cell, which is marked as C and comprises an electrode 1, a punching plate 2 and a flow field plate 3 which are sequentially overlapped; the punching plate 2 is arranged between the flow field plate 3 and the electrode 1 and can play a role in supporting the electrode and collecting current; the electrodes 1, the punching plates 2 and the flow field plates 3 are rectangular.
Taking a diagonal line as a reference, the size of the electrode is 820mm, the size of the punching plate is 697mm, and the size of the flow field plate is 615 mm; the thickness of the electrode is 1mm, the thickness of the punching plate is 1mm, and the thickness of the flow field plate is 2 mm.
The punching plate is made of stainless steel and is provided with a plurality of round holes for filling electrolyte, and the porosity of the punching plate is 60%; the flow field plate is made of stainless steel, and is internally provided with a flow channel which is a snakelike flow channel and is used for filling electrolyte and conveying gas; the electrode is a cathode, the cathode is a nickel oxide electrode, and the porosity is 75%.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the sealing structure, which comprises the following steps,
and after the electrode, the punching plate and the flow field plate are sequentially overlapped and assembled, pressing for 10min under the condition of 2MPa to obtain a sealing structure C.
In addition, the embodiment further provides a bipolar plate, which is marked as a bipolar plate C and comprises a sealing structure C and a central frame plate, wherein a groove is formed in the central frame plate, the sealing structure C is embedded in the groove, the depth of the groove is matched with the thickness of the sealing structure C, the diagonal line is used as a reference, and the size of the central frame plate is 984 m; the material is stainless steel material, and the depth of the central frame plate groove is 4 mm.
The bipolar plate is also provided with an air inlet hole and an air outlet hole, the air inlet hole is arranged at the junction position of the flow field plate and the central frame plate, is communicated with the flow channel of the flow field plate and is embedded on the central frame plate; the air outlet holes and the air inlet holes are oppositely arranged at two ends of the bipolar plate on the same side and are symmetrical about the center, and the air outlet holes are arranged at the junction position of the flow field plate and the central frame plate, are communicated with a flow channel of the flow field plate and are embedded on the central frame plate.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a sealing structure of a molten carbonate fuel cell, which is marked as D and comprises an electrode 1, a punching plate 2 and a flow field plate 3 which are sequentially overlapped; the punching plate 2 is arranged between the flow field plate 3 and the electrode 1 and can play a role in supporting the electrode and collecting current; the electrodes 1, the punching plates 2 and the flow field plates 3 are rectangular.
Taking a diagonal line as a reference, the size of the electrode is 820mm, the size of the punching plate is 697mm, and the size of the flow field plate is 615 mm; the thickness of the electrode is 1mm, the thickness of the punching plate is 1mm, and the thickness of the flow field plate is 2 mm.
The punching plate is made of stainless steel and is provided with a plurality of round holes for filling electrolyte, and the porosity of the punching plate is 60%; the flow field plate is made of stainless steel, and is internally provided with a flow channel which is a snakelike flow channel and is used for filling electrolyte and conveying gas; the electrode was a nickel electrode, the porosity was 55%.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the sealing structure, which comprises the following steps,
and after the electrode, the punching plate and the flow field plate are sequentially overlapped and assembled, pressing for 10min under the condition of 2MPa to obtain a sealing structure D.
The embodiment also provides a bipolar plate marked as a bipolar plate D, which comprises a sealing structure D and a central frame plate, wherein a groove is arranged in the central frame plate, the sealing structure D is embedded in the groove, the depth of the groove is matched with the thickness of the sealing structure D, and the size of the central frame plate is 984mm by taking a diagonal line as a reference; the material is stainless steel material, and the depth of the central frame plate groove is 4 mm.
The bipolar plate is also provided with an air inlet hole and an air outlet hole, the air inlet hole is arranged at the junction position of the flow field plate and the central frame plate, is communicated with the flow channel of the flow field plate and is embedded on the central frame plate; the air outlet holes and the air inlet holes are oppositely arranged at two ends of the bipolar plate on the same side and are symmetrical about the center, and the air outlet holes are arranged at the junction position of the flow field plate and the central frame plate, are communicated with a flow channel of the flow field plate and are embedded on the central frame plate.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a bipolar plate, which is marked as a bipolar plate E, and comprises a sealing structure a, a sealing structure B and a center frame plate, as shown in fig. 2, a first groove and a second groove are arranged in the center frame plate 4, and the first groove and the second groove are oppositely arranged on two sides of the center frame plate; a sealing structure A is embedded in the first groove, and the thickness of the sealing structure A is matched with the depth of the first groove; a sealing structure B is embedded in the second groove, and the thickness of the sealing structure B is matched with the depth of the second groove; the size of the central frame plate is 910mm by taking a diagonal line as a reference; the material is stainless steel material, and the depth of two grooves of the central frame plate is 3.4 mm.
The bipolar plate is also provided with an air inlet hole and an air outlet hole, as shown in fig. 3, the air inlet hole is arranged at the junction position of the flow field plate and the central frame plate, is communicated with a flow channel of the flow field plate and is embedded on the central frame plate; the air outlet holes and the air inlet holes are oppositely arranged at two ends of the bipolar plate on the same side and are symmetrical about the center, and the air outlet holes are arranged at the junction position of the flow field plate and the central frame plate, are communicated with a flow channel of the flow field plate and are embedded on the central frame plate.
Example 6
The embodiment provides a bipolar plate, which is marked as a bipolar plate F and comprises a sealing structure C, a sealing structure D and a central frame plate, wherein a first groove and a second groove are arranged in the central frame plate 4, and the first groove and the second groove are oppositely arranged on two sides of the central frame plate; a sealing structure C is embedded in the first groove, and the thickness of the sealing structure C is matched with the depth of the first groove; a sealing structure D is embedded in the second groove, and the thickness of the sealing structure D is matched with the depth of the second groove; the size of the central frame plate is 943mm by taking the diagonal line as a reference; the material is stainless steel material, and the depth of the central frame plate groove is 4 mm.
The bipolar plate is also provided with an air inlet hole and an air outlet hole, the air inlet hole is arranged at the junction position of the flow field plate and the central frame plate, is communicated with the flow channel of the flow field plate and is embedded on the central frame plate; the air outlet holes and the air inlet holes are oppositely arranged at two ends of the bipolar plate on the same side and are symmetrical about the center, and the air outlet holes are arranged at the junction position of the flow field plate and the central frame plate, are communicated with a flow channel of the flow field plate and are embedded on the central frame plate.
Example 7
The embodiment provides a sealing structure of a molten carbonate fuel cell, which is marked as E and comprises an electrode 1, a punching plate 2 and a flow field plate 3 which are sequentially overlapped according to the sequence of diagonal sizes from large to small; the punching plate 2 is arranged between the flow field plate 3 and the electrode 1 and can play a role in supporting the electrode and collecting current; the electrodes 1, the punching plates 2 and the flow field plates 3 are rectangular.
Taking a diagonal line as a reference, the size of the electrode is 819mm, the size of the punching plate is 573mm, and the size of the flow field plate is 491 mm; the thickness of the electrode is 0.8mm, the thickness of the punching plate is 0.6mm, and the thickness of the flow field plate is 2 mm.
The punching plate is made of stainless steel and is provided with a plurality of round holes for filling electrolyte, and the porosity of the punching plate is 60%; the flow field plate is made of stainless steel, and is internally provided with a flow channel which is a snakelike flow channel and is used for filling electrolyte and conveying gas; the electrode is a cathode, the cathode is a nickel oxide electrode, and the porosity is 75%.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the sealing structure, which comprises the following steps,
and after the electrode, the punching plate and the flow field plate are sequentially overlapped and assembled, pressing for 5min under the condition of 2MPa to obtain a sealing structure E.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a seal structure, denoted as seal structure F, which differs from example 1 in that the electrodes, the punching plate and the flow field plate are the same in size, 819mm in size on the diagonal basis, and the others are the same as example 1.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a seal structure, denoted seal structure G, which differs from example 1 in that the electrodes and the perforated plate are the same size, 819mm in size, the flow field plate is the same size as example 1, and other parameters are the same as example 1.
Experimental example 1
The present experimental example provides a molten carbonate fuel cell, as shown in fig. 4, including a bipolar plate E, first and second separators 6 and 9, an electrolyte salt, an air-side end plate 5, and a fuel gas-side end plate 10; wherein the diaphragm is LiAlO2The electrolyte salt is Li/K carbonate consisting of 62% of lithium carbonate and 38% of potassium carbonate in percentage by mass; the bipolar plate comprises a first sealing structure 7 and a second sealing structure 8;
electrolyte salt is filled into the bipolar plates, then the bipolar plates are sequentially assembled according to the figure 4, and are pressed for 5min under the condition of 2MPa, and the bipolar plates are aligned and horizontally placed in the assembling process, so that inclination and protrusion can not occur, and the molten carbonate fuel single cell is obtained. In the present example, the first seal structure is seal structure a, and the second seal structure is seal structure B, 4-center frame plate, 5-air side end plate, 6-first diaphragm, 7-first seal structure, 8-second seal structure, 9-second diaphragm, and 10-fuel gas side end plate.
Experimental example 2
The present experimental example provides a molten carbonate fuel cell, which is different from experimental example 1 in that a bipolar plate F replaces a bipolar plate E, a sealing structure C replaces a sealing structure a, and a sealing structure D replaces a sealing structure B, and the others are the same as experimental example 1.
Experimental example 3
This experimental example provides a molten carbonate fuel cell, which is different from experimental example 1 in that a sealing structure E is used instead of the sealing structure a, and the rest is the same as experimental example 1.
Experimental example 4
This experimental example provides a molten carbonate fuel cell, which is different from experimental example 1 in that the sealing structure F of comparative example 1 is used instead of the sealing structure a, and the other is the same as experimental example 1.
Experimental example 5
This experimental example provides a molten carbonate fuel cell, which is different from experimental example 1 in that the sealing structure G of comparative example 2 is used instead of the sealing structure a, and the other is the same as experimental example 1.
Test examples
The test example provides the performance test and test results of the molten carbonate battery, the test method is as follows, and the test results are shown in table 1.
The method for testing the volumetric power density of the molten carbonate battery comprises the following steps: the specific operation is that a temperature-raising program is started, the heat balance is achieved at the highest operation temperature, a fuel cell test program is operated, hydrogen is introduced into an anode, air and carbon dioxide are introduced into a cathode, the fuel cell test program Faish is opened, the open-circuit voltage is monitored to be 1.2V without a load, the load is applied, the constant voltage is tested to be 0.7V, and the corresponding test power result is shown in table 1.
The method for testing the sealing performance of the molten carbonate battery comprises the following steps: testing according to a gas leakage experimental method in GB/T29838-2013 fuel cell module; the specific operation is that the fuel cell module is operated to full load current, heat balance is achieved at the highest operation temperature, anode gas is introduced into the anode cavity pipeline, stable pressure is kept for 1min, and pressure change is recorded; a specified pressure was applied to the cathode chamber and, similar to the anode, the pressure change was recorded, the value of which is shown in table 1.
Table 1 molten carbonate battery performance test results
Examples of the invention Cathode voltage drop value Anode voltage drop value Volumetric power density
Experimental example 1 30Pa 40Pa 0.77kw/m3
Experimental example 2 40Pa 50Pa 0.84kw/m3
Experimental example 3 70Pa 90Pa 0.71kw/m3
Experimental example 4 2KPa 2.5KPa 0.68kw/m3
Experimental example 5 1KPa 3KPa 0.7kw/m3
From the test results of table 1, it can be known that the sealing structure of the molten carbonate fuel cell of the present invention can improve the sealability and volumetric power density of the cell when used in the production of a molten carbonate cell. Compared with the scheme that the electrode, the punching plate and the flow field plate in the prior art adopt the same size, the invention can obviously improve the sealing effect and the power density.
According to the invention, by optimizing the proportion of the electrode, the punching plate and the flow field plate, when the obtained molten carbonate fuel cell sealing structure is used for a cell, the sealing effect and the volume power density can be further improved. For example, compared with experimental example 3, the sealing structure in experimental example 3 is provided in example 7, and the sealing effect and the volumetric power density can be improved by optimizing the proportions of the electrode, the flow field plate, and the punching plate in experimental example 1.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A sealing structure of a molten carbonate fuel cell is characterized by comprising electrodes, a punching plate and a flow field plate which are sequentially overlapped according to the sequence of diagonal sizes from large to small.
2. The molten carbonate fuel cell sealing structure according to claim 1, wherein the electrodes, the punching plates, and the flow field plates have a size ratio of 1: (0.95-0.85): (0.85-0.75).
3. The molten carbonate fuel cell sealing structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the punching plate is provided with a plurality of circular holes for filling with an electrolyte;
a flow channel is arranged on the flow field plate, and the flow channel is a snake-shaped flow channel;
the electrodes comprise cathodes and/or anodes; the porosity of the cathode is no more than 75%; the porosity of the anode is not less than 55%.
4. The molten carbonate fuel cell sealing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the punched plate has a thickness of 0.6 to 1 mm; the thickness of the flow field plate is 1.5-2 mm;
the punching plate is made of stainless steel; the flow field plate is made of stainless steel; the electrode is a nickel electrode and/or a nickel oxide electrode.
5. A method of manufacturing a molten carbonate fuel cell sealing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of,
and overlapping and assembling the electrode, the punching plate and the flow field plate in sequence, and pressing under the pressure not more than 2.0MPa to obtain the sealing structure of the molten carbonate fuel cell.
6. A bipolar plate comprising the molten carbonate fuel cell sealing structure of any one of claims 1 to 4 or the molten carbonate fuel cell sealing structure produced by the production method of claim 5, and further comprising a center frame plate;
the thickness of the central frame plate is 3-4 mm;
at least one groove is arranged in the central frame plate;
the groove is embedded with the sealing structure of the molten carbonate fuel cell, and the thickness of the sealing structure of the molten carbonate fuel cell is matched with the depth of the groove.
7. The bipolar plate of claim 6, wherein the ratio of the dimensions of the center frame plate to the electrode, on a diagonal basis, is (1.1-1.2): 1.
8. the bipolar plate of claim 6 or 7, wherein the bipolar plate is further provided with an air inlet hole and an air outlet hole, the air inlet hole is arranged at the interface position of the flow field plate and the center frame plate, is communicated with the flow field plate flow channel and is embedded on the center frame plate;
the air outlet holes and the air inlet holes are oppositely arranged at two ends of the bipolar plate on the same side and are symmetrical about the center, and the air outlet holes are arranged at the junction position of the flow field plate and the central frame plate, are communicated with a flow channel of the flow field plate and are embedded on the central frame plate.
9. The bipolar plate of any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein a first groove and a second groove are provided in the center frame plate; the first groove and the second groove are oppositely arranged on two sides of the central frame plate;
a first molten carbonate fuel cell sealing structure is embedded in the first groove, and an electrode in the first molten carbonate fuel cell sealing structure is a cathode;
a second molten carbonate fuel cell sealing structure is embedded in the second groove, and an electrode in the second molten carbonate fuel cell sealing structure is an anode.
10. A molten carbonate fuel cell comprising at least one molten carbonate fuel cell sealing structure of any one of claims 1-4 and/or at least one bipolar plate of any one of claims 6-9.
CN202110948320.XA 2021-08-18 2021-08-18 Molten carbonate fuel cell sealing structure and preparation method and application thereof Pending CN113540497A (en)

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JPH0656765B2 (en) * 1984-05-15 1994-07-27 株式会社東芝 Molten carbonate fuel cell
JPH084008B2 (en) * 1986-08-21 1996-01-17 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 Separator for fuel cell
JP4513282B2 (en) * 2003-06-24 2010-07-28 三菱マテリアル株式会社 Fuel cell
CN108206289B (en) * 2016-12-19 2021-08-03 中氢新能技术有限公司 Fuel cell prepared based on methanol and water reforming
CN113540497A (en) * 2021-08-18 2021-10-22 华能国际电力股份有限公司 Molten carbonate fuel cell sealing structure and preparation method and application thereof
CN216054813U (en) * 2021-08-18 2022-03-15 华能国际电力股份有限公司 Molten carbonate fuel cell sealing structure, bipolar plate and fuel cell

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WO2023020104A1 (en) * 2021-08-18 2023-02-23 华能国际电力股份有限公司 Molten carbonate fuel cell sealing structure, preparation method therefor, and application thereof

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