CN117554687B - Alternating current mains voltage sampling circuit - Google Patents
Alternating current mains voltage sampling circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN117554687B CN117554687B CN202410036260.8A CN202410036260A CN117554687B CN 117554687 B CN117554687 B CN 117554687B CN 202410036260 A CN202410036260 A CN 202410036260A CN 117554687 B CN117554687 B CN 117554687B
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/25—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
- G01R19/2503—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques for measuring voltage only, e.g. digital volt meters (DVM's)
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
- G01R1/20—Modifications of basic electric elements for use in electric measuring instruments; Structural combinations of such elements with such instruments
- G01R1/203—Resistors used for electric measuring, e.g. decade resistors standards, resistors for comparators, series resistors, shunts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
- G01R1/30—Structural combination of electric measuring instruments with basic electronic circuits, e.g. with amplifier
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/04—Voltage dividers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/25—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
- G01R19/2506—Arrangements for conditioning or analysing measured signals, e.g. for indicating peak values ; Details concerning sampling, digitizing or waveform capturing
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of new energy automobile charging and distribution, in particular to an alternating current mains voltage sampling circuit, which comprises: EMC circuit, voltage dividing module, rectifying module and isolating module; the voltage dividing module includes: resistor R1, resistor R2, resistor R3, resistor R4, resistor R5 and resistor R6 connected in series; the invention realizes common ground sampling of the OBC alternating current mains supply isolation region, simplifies the whole circuit structure through ingenious design of the circuit and the power supply mode, reduces the complexity and the cost of the circuit, and the traditional alternating current mains supply voltage sampling circuit needs to adopt an additional isolation element and a complicated power supply mode to isolate and sample the alternating current voltage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of charging and distribution of new energy automobiles, in particular to an alternating current commercial power voltage sampling circuit.
Background
The new energy automobile charging and distribution system needs to carry out more accurate isolation sampling on the input alternating voltage, and the traditional method adopts:
1. the voltage transformer method is formed by winding two groups of coils, and has the advantages of larger volume, inconvenient use and higher cost;
2. the special metering chip sampling method has higher accuracy, but independent isolation power supply is needed, the data transmission also needs to be carried out by a communication bus isolation chip, the circuit is more complex, the occupied PCB area is larger, and the cost is higher;
3. the rectifying and filtering method has simpler circuit but poorer precision.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides an alternating-current commercial power voltage sampling circuit to solve the problem of accurately isolating and sampling the input alternating-current voltage with low cost in a new energy automobile charging and distribution system.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
there is provided an ac mains voltage sampling circuit including: EMC circuit, voltage dividing module, rectifying module and isolating module;
the voltage dividing module includes: resistor R1, resistor R2, resistor R3, resistor R4, resistor R5 and resistor R6 connected in series; resistor R8, resistor R9, resistor R10, resistor R11, resistor R12 and resistor R13 connected in series;
the second end of the resistor R6 and the second end of the resistor R13 are connected with the first end of the resistor R7 and the first end of the resistor R14;
the second end of the resistor R7 is connected with the negative end of the zener diode ZD1, the second end of the resistor R14 is connected with the positive end of the zener diode ZD1, and the second end of the resistor R14 is connected with the ground OGND of the alternating current mains supply high-voltage isolation area;
the first end of the resistor R1 is connected with the zero line end of the alternating current mains supply, and the first end of the resistor R8 is connected with the fire line end of the alternating current mains supply.
Further, the resistances of the resistors R1 to R6 and the resistors R8 to R13 are all 20kΩ, the resistance of the resistor R7 is 1kΩ, and the resistance of the resistor R14 is 560 Ω.
Further, the rectifying module includes a diode D1, a diode D2, a diode D3, and a diode D4;
the positive end of the diode D1 and the negative end of the diode D3 are connected with the live wire end of the alternating current mains supply, the positive end of the diode D2 and the negative end of the diode D4 are connected with the zero wire end of the alternating current mains supply,
the negative terminal of the diode D1 and the negative terminal of the diode D2 are connected together to serve as the positive output end of the rectifying module, the positive terminal of the diode D3 and the positive terminal of the diode D4 are connected together to serve as the negative output end of the rectifying module,
and the negative output end of the rectifying module is connected with an alternating current mains supply high-voltage isolation region OGND of the OBC.
Still further, the isolation module includes a linear isolation chip U1,
the first power end Vcc1 of the linear isolation chip U1 is connected with 3.3V direct current voltage, and is connected with the alternating current mains supply high voltage isolation region ground OGND through a capacitor C1 and a capacitor C3 which are connected in parallel, and the second power end Vcc2 of the linear isolation chip U1 is connected with 3.3V direct current voltage, and is connected with the non-isolation region ground GND through a capacitor C2 and a capacitor C4 which are connected in parallel;
the first grounding end GND1 of the linear isolation chip U1 is connected with the alternating current mains supply high-voltage isolation region ground OGND, and the second grounding end GND2 of the linear isolation chip U1 is connected with the non-isolation region ground GND;
the positive voltage input end vin+ of the linear isolation chip U1 is connected with the negative end of the zener diode ZD1, the negative voltage input end Vin-of the linear isolation chip U1 is connected with the first grounding end GND1, and a capacitor C5 is connected between the positive voltage input end vin+ and the negative voltage input end vin+;
the positive voltage output terminal vout+ and the negative voltage output terminal Vout-of the linear isolation chip U1 are respectively connected to two input terminals in_cvs_p and in_cvs_n of the OBC system control circuit.
Further, the capacitance values of the capacitor C1 and the capacitor C2 are both 100nF, the capacitance values of the capacitor C3 and the capacitor C4 are both 2.2uF, and the capacitance value of the capacitor C5 is 330pF;
the isolation ratio of the linear isolation chip U1 is 1:1, and the maximum signal voltage amplitude of the input end and the output end is 2V/2V.
Furthermore, the two input ends of the sampling circuit are respectively connected to the two input ends TP1 and TP2 of the rectifying module, through which the alternating current mains supply passes through the EMC module, the voltage collected by the sampling circuit is used for reflecting the alternating current voltage of the OBC input end, and the output ends of the isolation module are respectively connected to the input ends in_cvs_p and in_cvs_n of the OBC system control circuit.
Furthermore, the live wire of the alternating-current commercial power is used as the live wire end of the alternating-current commercial power after passing through the electromagnetic compatibility circuit, and the zero wire of the alternating-current commercial power is used as the zero wire end of the alternating-current commercial power after passing through the electromagnetic compatibility circuit.
Further, the resistors R1 to R6 and the resistors R8 to R13 can be used as discharge resistors of the X-capacitor in the EMC circuit after shutdown.
Further, when the input voltage TP1 end of the ac mains supply is positive and the input voltage TP2 end is negative, the voltage drop across the resistor R14 and the total voltage drop across the resistors R8 to R13 form a half-period sine wave voltage division ratio, and the voltage signal direction is positive and negative.
Further, when the input voltage TP2 end of the ac mains supply is negative and the positive TP1 end is negative, the negative half-cycle voltage of the ac mains supply forms the same signal voltage with positive left and negative right on the R14, and the positive half-cycle signal and the negative half-cycle signal of the ac mains supply are on the resistor R14 to complete the positive signal voltage synthesis of the complete cycle of the ac power, and the positive signal voltage is sent into the ADC port of the system main control MCU in a lossless manner through the 1:1 linear isolation chip U1.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention realizes common ground sampling of the OBC alternating current mains supply isolation region, simplifies the whole circuit structure through ingenious design of the circuit and the power supply mode, reduces the complexity and the cost of the circuit, and the traditional alternating current mains supply voltage sampling circuit needs to adopt an additional isolation element and a complicated power supply mode to isolate and sample the alternating current voltage.
The invention skillfully utilizes the rectifier bridge of the power channel to realize the forward signal synthesis of two half cycles of alternating current, the traditional alternating current mains voltage sampling circuit can only collect one half cycle of alternating current, and the invention synthesizes the two half cycle of signals forward through the rectifier bridge necessary for the power channel, thereby effectively improving the reliability of signal collection.
In the invention, the signal voltage on R14 is mainly influenced by the voltage dividing ratio of the resistors R1 to R6/R14 or the resistors R8 to R13/R14, and other factors can be ignored, so that the design and adjustment of the circuit are simpler and more convenient, and the precision, stability and reliability of the system are improved.
The resistors R1 to R6 and R8 to R13 in the invention can be used as the discharge resistor of the X capacitor in the EMC circuit after shutdown, and the design ensures that the circuit after shutdown can be safely discharged, thereby reducing the electric shock risk in the maintenance and repair process and improving the safety of equipment.
The method and the device can be used for transmitting the acquired signal voltage to the main control MCU in a 1:1 proportion in an isolated manner through the direct current coupling mode, so that the accuracy and the stability of the signal are ensured, the electrical isolation between the signal and the main control MCU is realized, and the anti-interference capability and the safety of the system are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a voltage sampling circuit diagram of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. Examples of the embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements throughout or elements having like or similar functionality. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically connected, electrically connected or can be communicated with each other; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
The following disclosure provides many different embodiments, or examples, for implementing different structures of the invention. In order to simplify the present disclosure, components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. They are, of course, merely examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the present invention may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples, which are for the purpose of brevity and clarity, and which do not themselves indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and/or arrangements discussed. In addition, the present invention provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize applications of other processes and/or usage scenarios for other materials.
In order to facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the present application, first, some terms related to the present application are explained:
OGND: the public ground after the OBC isolation area, into which 220V commercial power enters, can also be called an alternating current high-voltage end public ground, and is commonly called a 'hot ground'.
The present invention provides the following preferred embodiments:
referring to fig. 1, the embodiment provides an ac mains voltage sampling circuit, which in a specific implementation manner includes the following components: EMC circuit, voltage division module, rectifier module and isolation module.
Further, the voltage dividing module is composed of a series of resistors in series, including a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, and a resistor R6, and a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, and a resistor R13.
Further, the second ends of the resistor R6 and the resistor R13 are connected to the first end of the resistor R7 and the first end of the resistor R14, respectively. And the second end of the resistor R7 is connected to the negative end of the zener diode ZD1, and the second end of the resistor R14 is connected to the positive end of the zener diode ZD 1. Thus, the second terminal of the resistor R14 may serve as the ac mains high voltage isolation area OGND.
Further, the first end of the resistor R1 is connected to the neutral terminal of the ac mains, and the first end of the resistor R8 is connected to the live terminal of the ac mains. Through the connection mode, the voltage dividing module can effectively divide the mains voltage.
Further, the rectifying module is to realize rectifying operation of the mains voltage through a proper circuit configuration so as to provide a stable direct-current voltage signal; the isolation module is used for isolating input and output so as to ensure the safety and reliability of the sampling process. Such isolation may be achieved using conventional isolation techniques, such as integrated linear optocouplers, etc.
It can be understood that the alternating current mains voltage sampling circuit can combine EMC circuit, voltage dividing module, rectifier module and component parts such as isolation module, realizes the accurate sampling to input alternating current mains voltage, and such design can satisfy the requirement to aspects such as isolation, precision and cost in the new energy automobile fills power distribution system to possess extensive application potential.
Furthermore, the resistances of the resistors R1 to R6 and the resistors R8 to R13 are all 20kΩ, which means that in the circuit design, resistor components with the resistance of 20kΩ are required to be selected and connected in series to form the required voltage dividing module, and the voltage dividing operation of the voltage dividing module on the mains voltage can be ensured to be accurately and reliably performed by adopting the resistor components with the specification requirements.
Further, the resistance value of the resistor R7 is 1KΩ, and the resistance value of the resistor R14 is 560 Ω; similarly, in practical design, resistor components with corresponding resistance values need to be selected and reasonably connected so as to ensure the normal operation of the whole circuit; in addition, the zener diode ZD1 also needs to be selected and connected according to the circuit requirements.
Furthermore, in the specific implementation mode of the alternating current mains voltage sampling circuit, the requirements of resistance and resistance are combined, and reasonable circuit connection and layout are carried out according to the requirements, so that the alternating current mains voltage sampling circuit can safely, stably and accurately sample mains voltage, and good performance and reliability are achieved.
Further, the rectifier module comprises a diode D1, a diode D2, a diode D3 and a diode D4, wherein, in the implementation, the positive terminal of the diode D1 and the negative terminal of the diode D3 are connected to the live wire terminal of the ac mains supply, and the positive terminal of the diode D2 and the negative terminal of the diode D4 are connected to the zero line terminal of the ac mains supply, so that the connection manner can ensure that the positive half-period signal and the negative half-period signal of the ac mains supply can be respectively led to the positive path and the reverse path of the rectifier circuit.
Further, the negative end of the diode D1 is connected with the negative end of the diode D2 to serve as a positive output end of the rectifying module; meanwhile, the positive end of the diode D3 and the positive end of the diode D4 are connected together to serve as the negative output end of the rectifying module, and the connection mode can guide forward current and reverse current to corresponding output ends respectively.
Further, the negative output end of the rectifying module is connected with the ground OGND of the alternating-current mains supply high-voltage isolation area, and the connection configuration can ensure that the direct-current voltage signal output by the rectifying module is accurate and stable relative to the ground reference point of the alternating-current mains supply high-voltage isolation area.
It can be understood that the rectifier module in the ac mains voltage sampling circuit adopts a diode D1, a diode D2, a diode D3 and a diode D4; through connecting the diode to corresponding live wire and zero line end to and connecting positive, negative output end and the alternating current mains supply high voltage isolation district OGND of rectifier module, can realize carrying out rectification operation to the mains supply voltage, and output stable direct current voltage signal, this kind of concrete implementation mode can satisfy alternating current mains supply voltage sampling circuit's design requirement, and guarantees its normal operating.
Further, the isolation module comprises a linear isolation chip U1, specifically, the first power end Vcc1 of the linear isolation chip U1 is connected to a dc voltage of 3.3V, and is connected to the ac mains high voltage isolation area ground OGND through a capacitor C1 and a capacitor C3 connected in parallel, and the second power end Vcc2 is also connected to a dc voltage of 3.3V, and is connected to the non-isolation area ground GND through a capacitor C2 and a capacitor C4 connected in parallel, so that the connection manner ensures that the linear isolation chip U1 can work normally, and has good stability and anti-interference capability in terms of power supply and grounding.
Further, the first ground GND1 of the linear isolated chip U1 is also connected to the ac mains high voltage isolated area ground OGND, while the second ground GND2 is directly connected to the non-isolated area ground GND, such a ground configuration helps to eliminate ground loop noise and ensures an effective connection between the ground of the isolated chip U1 and the ac mains high voltage isolated area ground.
Further, the positive voltage input terminal vin+ of the linear isolation chip U1 is connected to the negative terminal of the zener diode ZD1, the negative voltage input terminal Vin-is connected to the first ground terminal GND1, and a capacitor C5 is connected across the positive voltage input terminal vin+, so that the connection manner is helpful to: first, high voltage pulses in the clamp input signal may damage the chip VIN port; second, the high-frequency noise in the input signal is filtered, so that the safety, stability and accuracy of the chip input end are ensured.
Further, the positive voltage output terminal vout+ and the negative voltage output terminal Vout-of the linear isolation chip U1 are respectively connected to two input terminals in_cvs_p and in_cvs_n of the OBC system control circuit, and IN such a connection manner, the linear isolation chip U1 provides an isolated voltage signal through its output terminal, so as to meet the requirement of monitoring the input ac mains voltage.
It can be understood that the specific implementation mode of the linear isolation chip U1 in the alternating current mains voltage sampling circuit comprises reasonable power supply and grounding configuration and a correct connection mode with other components, so that the stable reliability and accuracy of the linear isolation chip U1 in voltage sampling and output are ensured.
Furthermore, the specific capacitance and isolation ratio have important influence on the specific application of the linear isolation chip U1, specifically, the capacitance values of the capacitors C1 and C2 are 100nF, the capacitance values of the capacitors C3 and C4 are 2.2uF, the capacitance value of the capacitor C5 is 330pF, and the combination of the capacitors and the high and low capacitance values is adopted to help to realize the filtering of high and low frequency noise and the improvement of stability.
Further, the isolation ratio of the maximum amplitude of the input and output of the linear isolation chip U1 is 2V/2V, which means that the voltage isolation ratio between the input and the output is 1:1, namely the voltage change of the input end directly corresponds to the voltage change of the output end, and the distortion-free transmission and isolation of signals are realized on the premise of ensuring the electrical safety; it can be understood that the performance and stability of the linear isolation chip U1 in the alternating current mains voltage sampling circuit can be effectively ensured through the capacitance with proper capacitance and the correct isolation ratio, and meanwhile, the requirements on signal precision and isolation are met.
Still further, it is a common implementation for the output of the isolation module to be connected to the system control circuit of the OBC, in particular in an ac mains voltage sampling circuit.
Further, the method can be realized by the following steps:
the positive voltage output end Vout+ and the negative voltage output end Vout-of the isolation module are respectively connected to the input end of a system control circuit of the vehicle-mounted charger OBC to form electrical connection.
The output power regulating circuit of the on-vehicle charger OBC controls the working state and power output of the charger according to the voltage signal output by the isolation module, and the output power regulating circuit can regulate the output power of the charger according to the charging requirement of the battery and under the control of the system control circuit so as to realize proper battery charging effect.
Through output power control, the output power of the charger is connected to the power battery through a charging circuit, and the power battery receives the output energy of the charger and performs corresponding storage and charging operations.
In the embodiment, the output signal of the isolation module is used as one of input control signals of the control circuit of the vehicle-mounted charger system, and the alternating-current commercial power is converted into proper direct-current output voltage and current by controlling the power change of the charger and is output to the power battery for storage and charging; further, it can be understood that the sampling signal output by the alternating-current mains voltage sampling circuit is used for adjusting the output power of the on-board charger OBC through the system control circuit, so that when the alternating-current mains voltage is reduced, the charging power of the on-board power battery is reduced, and when the output voltage is higher or reaches the rated input voltage, the output power is gradually increased or reaches the rated output power, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the on-board charging and power distribution system.
Furthermore, the live wire and the zero wire of the ac mains supply are respectively used as the live wire end and the zero wire end after passing through the electromagnetic compatibility circuit, and in the ac mains supply voltage sampling circuit, to realize the sampling of the ac mains supply live wire and the zero wire and ensure the electromagnetic compatibility, the following steps can be adopted to implement:
the live wire of alternating current commercial power is introduced into an electromagnetic compatibility circuit, and the electromagnetic compatibility circuit comprises a filter, a suppressor, other electromagnetic interference suppression elements and the like and is used for filtering high-frequency noise and electromagnetic interference in a power grid or a local machine, and the circuit has good electromagnetic compatibility so as to ensure that the external interference to a sampling circuit is minimized.
After being processed by the electromagnetic compatibility circuit, the live wire of the alternating current commercial power is used as a live wire end to enter the sampling circuit. The sampling circuit samples and measures the voltage on the fire wire to obtain a sampling value of half period of the mains voltage.
Similarly, the zero line of alternating current commercial power is led into an electromagnetic compatibility circuit, and the electromagnetic compatibility circuit can filter and inhibit electromagnetic interference on the zero line, so that the stability and the accuracy of the sampling circuit are ensured.
After being processed by the electromagnetic compatibility circuit, the zero line of the alternating current mains supply is used as a zero line end to enter the sampling circuit. The sampling circuit samples the voltage on the zero line to be used as a sample for the other half cycle of the mains voltage.
It can be understood that the live wire and the zero wire of the alternating current commercial power enter the sampling circuit as the live wire end and the zero wire end respectively after being processed by the electromagnetic compatibility circuit, so as to ensure the reliability and the accuracy of the sampling process. Meanwhile, the application of the electromagnetic compatibility circuit can effectively eliminate the influence of external electromagnetic noise on the sampling circuit, and improve the anti-interference capability of the circuit.
The alternating current mains voltage sampling circuit has the advantages that the alternating current mains voltage sampling circuit can be used for processing the live wire and the zero wire of the alternating current mains as the live wire end and the zero wire end to enter the sampling circuit by adopting the electromagnetic compatibility circuit, so that accurate measurement and sampling of the mains voltage are realized, the suppression capability of the sampling circuit to electromagnetic interference is improved, and the reliability and the accuracy of a sampling result are ensured.
According to the characteristics of the ac mains voltage sampling circuit, further, in the ac mains voltage sampling circuit, the resistors R1 to R6 and the resistors R8 to R13 are used as the discharge resistors of the X capacitor in the EMC circuit after shutdown, and the following steps may be implemented:
in EMC circuits, an X-capacitor is connected to the relevant part of the ac mains voltage sampling circuit for filtering and suppressing electromagnetic interference, and may still store charges when the system is turned off or powered down, which needs to be implemented by a resistor network for safe discharge.
The resistors R1 to R6 and the resistors R8 to R13 are designed to serve as discharge resistors of the X capacitor after the system is turned off or the power is turned off, and the values of these resistors can be calculated and selected according to the rated capacity and the discharge time requirement of the X capacitor.
When the system is shut down or powered off, the X capacitor can be effectively discharged through the resistor network, and electric shock injury to operators or equipment during maintenance or repair is prevented.
It can be understood that the resistors R1 to R6 and the resistors R8 to R13 are used as the discharge resistors of the X capacitor in the EMC circuit after shutdown, so that the system can be ensured to safely perform discharge treatment in the shutdown or outage state, the safety of operators and equipment is ensured, and the safety discharge of the X capacitor in the shutdown or outage state is effectively ensured by designing the resistor network as the discharge resistor of the X capacitor in the ac mains voltage sampling circuit, so as to ensure the safety and reliability of the equipment.
Further, when the input voltage TP1 end of the ac mains supply is positive and the TP2 end is negative, the voltage drop across the resistor R14 and the total voltage drop across the resistors R8 to R13 form a half-period sine wave voltage division ratio, and the voltage signal direction is positive and negative; similarly, when the input voltage TP2 end of the ac mains supply is positive and the TP1 end is negative, the voltage drop across the resistor R14 and the total voltage drop across the resistors R1 to R6 form another half-period sine wave voltage division ratio, and the voltage signal direction is positive and negative. Specific embodiments will be described in detail below.
To achieve this feature, the ac mains voltage sampling circuit may employ the following implementation:
the input voltage TP1 end and TP2 end of alternating current commercial power are respectively connected into a circuit, the TP1 end is connected to the resistor networks R8 to R13, the TP2 end is connected to the resistor networks R1 to R6 and converged to a TP6 point, and then a voltage division relation is formed between the TP1 end and the resistor R14.
In the circuit, the resistor R14 and the resistors R8 to R13 form a voltage dividing network, when the input voltage TP1 end is positive and the TP2 end is negative, current sequentially passes through the resistor networks R8 to R13, R14, OGND, D4 and TP2 from the TP1 end, and sine wave voltage with smaller amplitude appears on the resistor R14 so as to be sent into a system control circuit for signal processing.
By choosing the proper resistance value and voltage division ratio, the voltage across resistor R14 and the total voltage across resistors R8 to R13 can be made to form a half-period sine wave division relationship, which means that the half-period sine wave shape is formed across R14 exhibited by the division ratio, and the voltage passes through the maximum and minimum values within the half-period.
In addition, the voltage signal direction is positive and negative on the left, and the D3 is turned off reversely and the D4 is turned on positively, so that the voltage signal is in a form of positive, negative, left and right on the positive half period.
Through the embodiment, when the input voltage TP1 end is positive and the input voltage TP2 end is negative, the voltage drop on the resistor R14 and the total voltage drop on the resistors R8 to R13 form a half-period sine wave voltage division ratio, and meanwhile, the condition that the voltage signal direction is positive and negative is satisfied.
By reasonably selecting the resistor network and the design circuit, the alternating-current mains voltage sampling circuit can realize that when the input voltage TP1 end is negative and the TP2 end is positive, current sequentially passes through the resistor networks R1 to R6, R14, OGND, D3 and TP1 from the TP2 end, and sine wave voltage with smaller amplitude appears on the resistor R14 as well. The voltage drop across resistor R14 and the total voltage drop across resistors R1-R6 form a half-cycle sine wave voltage division ratio, and the voltage signal direction across R14 is also positive and negative, so that the accuracy of voltage sampling and the accuracy of signal direction of the other half cycle can be ensured by the implementation mode.
Further, the voltage signal direction is positive and negative, and the D4 is turned off reversely and the D3 is turned on positively, so that the ac input voltage signal is in a form of positive and negative on R14 on the negative half cycle.
Further, when the input voltage TP2 end is positive and the input voltage TP1 end is negative, the ac mains voltage sampling circuit; or when the TP1 end is positive and the TP2 end is negative, the same signal voltages of left positive and right negative are formed on the resistor R14, positive and negative half-cycle signals of alternating current mains supply are formed on the resistor R14, positive signal voltage synthesis of the complete cycle of alternating current is completed, and the signal voltages are sent to an ADC port of a main control MCU in a lossless manner through the 1:1 linear isolation chip U1 for processing.
A1:1 linear isolation chip U1 is introduced, the isolation chip can isolate signal voltage and send the signal voltage into an ADC port of a main control MCU for processing, and the selection of the isolation chip needs to consider the aspects of stability, accuracy, protection of signals and the like of signal transmission so as to ensure that the signals cannot be distorted or influenced by external interference in the transmission process.
The 1:1 linear isolation chip U1 is ensured to be capable of sending signal voltage to an ADC port of the main control MCU according to the original state, the transmission without changing the signal characteristic and amplitude is realized, and meanwhile, the reliability and the safety of isolation are ensured.
ADC conversion and processing are carried out on the received signal voltage at the main control MCU end so as to obtain an accurate voltage value, and further signal processing and analysis are carried out according to the requirement.
Through the implementation mode, the alternating current mains voltage sampling circuit can meet the characteristic requirements when the input voltage TP2 end is positive and the input voltage TP1 end is negative, and the optimized circuit design and the introduction of the 1:1 linear isolation chip ensure stable transmission and lossless processing of signal voltage, so that the requirements of a main control MCU on accurate acquisition and processing of voltage signals are met.
Through reasonable circuit design and introduction of a 1:1 linear isolation chip U1, the alternating current mains voltage sampling circuit can ensure that when the input voltage TP2 end is positive and the TP1 end is negative, the negative half-cycle voltage forms the same left positive right negative signal voltage on R14, the signal voltage is sent to an ADC port of a main control MCU for processing in a lossless manner, and the implementation mode can meet the requirements of accuracy, stability and safety of signal processing.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention, but rather to enable any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement or the like to be made within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. An ac mains voltage sampling circuit, comprising: EMC circuit, voltage dividing module, rectifying module and isolating module;
the voltage dividing module includes: resistor R1, resistor R2, resistor R3, resistor R4, resistor R5 and resistor R6 connected in series; resistor R8, resistor R9, resistor R10, resistor R11, resistor R12 and resistor R13 connected in series;
the second end of the resistor R6 and the second end of the resistor R13 are connected with the first end of the resistor R7 and the first end of the resistor R14;
the second end of the resistor R7 is connected with the negative end of the zener diode ZD1, the second end of the resistor R14 is connected with the positive end of the zener diode ZD1, and the second end of the resistor R14 is used as an alternating current mains supply high voltage isolation area OGND;
the first end of the resistor R1 is connected with a zero line end of alternating current mains supply, and the first end of the resistor R8 is connected with a live line end of the alternating current mains supply;
the rectifying module comprises a diode D1, a diode D2, a diode D3 and a diode D4;
the positive end of the diode D1 and the negative end of the diode D3 are connected with the live wire end of the alternating current mains supply, the positive end of the diode D2 and the negative end of the diode D4 are connected with the zero wire end of the alternating current mains supply,
the negative terminal of the diode D1 and the negative terminal of the diode D2 are connected together to serve as the positive output end of the rectifying module, the positive terminal of the diode D3 and the positive terminal of the diode D4 are connected together to serve as the negative output end of the rectifying module,
the negative output end of the rectifying module is connected with an alternating current mains supply high-voltage isolation area OGND of the OBC;
the isolation module comprises a linear isolation chip U1,
the first power end Vcc1 of the linear isolation chip U1 is connected with 3.3V direct current voltage, and is connected with the alternating current mains supply high voltage isolation region ground OGND through a capacitor C1 and a capacitor C3 which are connected in parallel, and the second power end Vcc2 of the linear isolation chip U1 is connected with 3.3V direct current voltage, and is connected with the non-isolation region ground GND through a capacitor C2 and a capacitor C4 which are connected in parallel;
the first grounding end GND1 of the linear isolation chip U1 is connected with the alternating current mains supply high-voltage isolation region ground OGND, and the second grounding end GND2 of the linear isolation chip U1 is connected with the non-isolation region ground GND;
the positive voltage input end vin+ of the linear isolation chip U1 is connected with the negative end of the zener diode ZD1, the negative voltage input end Vin-of the linear isolation chip U1 is connected with the first grounding end GND1, and a capacitor C5 is connected between the positive voltage input end vin+ and the negative voltage input end vin+;
the positive voltage output terminal vout+ and the negative voltage output terminal Vout-of the linear isolation chip U1 are respectively connected to two input terminals in_cvs_p and in_cvs_n of the system control circuit of the OBC.
2. The ac mains voltage sampling circuit according to claim 1, wherein the resistances of the resistors R1 to R6 and R8 to R13 are all 20kΩ, the resistance of the resistor R7 is 1kΩ, and the resistance of the resistor R14 is 560 Ω.
3. The ac mains voltage sampling circuit according to claim 1, wherein the capacitance values of the capacitor C1 and the capacitor C2 are both 100nF, the capacitance values of the capacitor C3 and the capacitor C4 are both 2.2uF, and the capacitance value of the capacitor C5 is 330pF;
the isolation ratio of the linear isolation chip U1 is 1:1, and the maximum signal voltage amplitude of the input end and the output end is 2V/2V.
4. The alternating current mains voltage sampling circuit according to claim 1, wherein two input ends of the sampling circuit are respectively connected to two input ends TP1 and TP2 of a rectifying module of alternating current mains after passing through an EMC module, the voltage collected by the sampling circuit is used for reflecting the alternating current voltage of an input end of an OBC, and the output ends of the isolating module are respectively connected to two input ends in_cvs_p and in_cvs_n of a system control circuit of the OBC.
5. The ac mains voltage sampling circuit according to claim 1, wherein a live wire of the ac mains is used as a live wire end of the ac mains after passing through an electromagnetic compatibility circuit, and a zero wire of the ac mains input is used as a zero wire end of the ac mains input after passing through the electromagnetic compatibility circuit.
6. The ac mains voltage sampling circuit according to claim 1, wherein the resistors R1 to R6 and R8 to R13 are used as discharge resistors of the X-capacitor in the EMC circuit after shutdown.
7. The ac mains voltage sampling circuit according to claim 1, wherein when the input voltage TP1 end of the ac mains is positive and the input voltage TP2 end is negative, the voltage drop across the resistor R14 and the total voltage drop across the resistors R8 to R13 form a half-period sine wave voltage division ratio, and the voltage signal direction is positive and negative.
8. The alternating current mains supply voltage sampling circuit according to claim 7, wherein when an input voltage TP2 end of the alternating current mains supply is positive and a positive TP1 end is negative, a negative half-cycle voltage of the alternating current mains supply forms the same left, positive, right and negative signal voltages on R14, and the signal voltages are sent to an ADC port of an OBC system main control MCU in a lossless manner through a 1:1 linear isolation chip U1 for processing.
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