CN113219370A - Three-phase power output short circuit detection circuit and method for alternating current charging pile - Google Patents
Three-phase power output short circuit detection circuit and method for alternating current charging pile Download PDFInfo
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- CN113219370A CN113219370A CN202110529208.2A CN202110529208A CN113219370A CN 113219370 A CN113219370 A CN 113219370A CN 202110529208 A CN202110529208 A CN 202110529208A CN 113219370 A CN113219370 A CN 113219370A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/52—Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/25—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
- G01R19/2506—Arrangements for conditioning or analysing measured signals, e.g. for indicating peak values ; Details concerning sampling, digitizing or waveform capturing
- G01R19/2509—Details concerning sampling, digitizing or waveform capturing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/40—Testing power supplies
- G01R31/42—AC power supplies
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/58—Testing of lines, cables or conductors
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-phase power output short circuit detection circuit and a method for an alternating current charging pile, wherein the circuit comprises a live wire L1, a live wire L2, a live wire L3 terminal, a zero line N terminal, resistors R1-R6, an isolated DC-DC power supply U1, a linear isolator U2, a single chip microcomputer U3 and relays K1-K4; resistors R1-R6 are sequentially connected in series and then grounded; a neutral wire N terminal is connected in series with a relay K1 and then connected between resistors R4 and R5, a live wire L1 terminal is connected in series with a relay K2 and then connected between resistors R3 and R4, a live wire L2 terminal is connected in series with a relay K3 and then connected between resistors R2 and R3, and a live wire L3 terminal is connected in series with a relay K4 and then connected between resistors R1 and R2; the input end of the linear isolator U2 is connected between the resistors R5 and R6, and the output end of the linear isolator U2 is connected to the AD sampling port of the singlechip U3. The invention uses the resistor string composed of 6 resistors as a main detection circuit, and can judge the short-circuit condition by collecting the voltage at two ends of the resistor at the tail end of the resistor string, thereby greatly reducing the complexity and cost of the circuit and improving the detection efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to output short circuit detection of an alternating current charging pile, and belongs to the technical field of new energy automobiles.
Background
The existing alternating-current charging pile is connected with a vehicle and then is charged and started, and cable and connector between a charging pile power supply output port and a vehicle charging input port need to be subjected to short-circuit detection for ensuring electrical safety.
As shown in fig. 1, the conventional ac charging post output short circuit detection circuit generally adopts a fixed level or fixed frequency PWM signal injection method, and such a method is generally used in an ac charging post with single-phase power output. For the alternating-current charging pile outputting three-phase electricity, the detection method needs to carry out pairwise detection on 3 live wires and 1 zero wire of the three-phase electricity, 6 conditions need to be detected, 6 times of detection judgment are carried out, the detection circuit is complex in design, high in cost and high in misjudgment rate. At present, no low-cost, stable and reliable output short circuit detection circuit is used for an alternating current charging pile for three-phase power output in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems of the existing alternating current charging pile output short circuit detection circuit, the invention provides the output short circuit detection circuit for the three-phase power supply alternating current charging pile, which is low in cost, stable and reliable.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a three-phase power output short-circuit detection circuit of an alternating current charging pile is characterized by comprising a live wire L1 terminal, a live wire L2 terminal, a live wire L3 terminal, a zero line N terminal, resistors R1-R6, an isolated DC-DC power supply U1, a linear isolator U2, a single chip microcomputer U3 and relays K1-K4; the resistors R1-R6 are sequentially connected in series and then grounded; the neutral line N terminal is connected in series with a relay K1 and then connected between a resistor R4 and a resistor R5, the live line L1 terminal is connected in series with a relay K2 and then connected between a resistor R3 and a resistor R4, the live line L2 terminal is connected in series with a relay K3 and then connected between a resistor R2 and a resistor R3, and the live line L3 terminal is connected in series with a relay K4 and then connected between a resistor R1 and a resistor R2; the input end of the linear isolator U2 is connected between the resistor R5 and the resistor R6, and the output end of the linear isolator U2 is connected to the AD sampling port of the singlechip U3.
Preferably, the short circuit detection circuit further comprises a zener diode D2, wherein the anode of the zener diode D2 is grounded, and the cathode is connected to the input terminal of the linear isolator U2.
Preferably, the short-circuit detection circuit further comprises a switch diode D1, wherein the anode of the switch diode D1 is connected with the output end of the isolated DC-DC power supply U1, and the cathode is connected with the end of the resistor R1 which is not connected with the resistor R2.
Preferably, the values of the resistors R1-R6 satisfy V2a < V2b < V2c < V2d < V2e < V2f < V2g, wherein V2 a-V2 g represent voltage values at input ends of the linear isolator U2 under different short-circuit conditions;
when no short circuit exists:
V2a≈V1R* R6 /(R1+R2+R3+R4+R5+R6)
when the zero line N and the live line L1 are in short circuit:
V2b≈V1R * R6 /(R1+R2+R3+R5+R6)
when the live line L1 is short-circuited with the live line L2:
V2c≈V1R * R6 /(R1+R2+R4+R5+R6)
when the live line L2 is short-circuited with the live line L3:
V2d≈V1R * R6 /(R1+R3+R4+R5+R6)
when the zero line N and the live line L2 are in short circuit:
V2e≈V1R * R6 /(R1+R2+R5+R6)
when the live line L1 is short-circuited with the live line L3:
V2f≈V1R * R6 /(R1+R4+R5+R6)
when the zero line N and the live line L3 are in short circuit:
V2g≈V1R * R6 /(R1+R5+R6)
wherein, V1R represents the voltage value at the input end of the resistor R1.
The invention also provides a short-circuit detection method of the alternating-current charging pile three-phase power output short-circuit detection circuit, which is characterized in that when short-circuit detection is carried out, the relays K1-K4 are attracted, the linear isolator U2 transmits sampled analog voltage to an AD sampling port of the single chip microcomputer U3, and the single chip microcomputer U3 judges the short-circuit condition between output lines of a three-phase power supply according to a voltage value read by the AD sampling port, and the short-circuit detection method specifically comprises the following steps:
when no short circuit exists:
V2a≈V1R* R6 /(R1+R2+R3+R4+R5+R6)
when the zero line N and the live line L1 are in short circuit:
V2b≈V1R * R6 /(R1+R2+R3+R5+R6)
when the live line L1 is short-circuited with the live line L2:
V2c≈V1R * R6 /(R1+R2+R4+R5+R6)
when the live line L2 is short-circuited with the live line L3:
V2d≈V1R * R6 /(R1+R3+R4+R5+R6)
when the zero line N and the live line L2 are in short circuit:
V2e≈V1R * R6 /(R1+R2+R5+R6)
when the live line L1 is short-circuited with the live line L3:
V2f≈V1R * R6 /(R1+R4+R5+R6)
when the zero line N and the live line L3 are in short circuit:
V2g≈V1R * R6 /(R1+R5+R6)
v2 a-V2 g represent voltage values of input ends of a linear isolator U2 under different short-circuit conditions, V1R represents voltage values of input ends of a resistor R1, values of the resistors R1-R6 are reasonably set, so that V2a < V2b < V2c < V2d < V2e < V2f < V2g, and the short-circuit condition can be judged by the single chip microcomputer U3 according to the voltage values read by an AD sampling port.
Has the advantages that:
(1) the invention simplifies the existing three-phase power supply short-circuit detection circuit, only uses the resistor string consisting of 6 resistors as a main detection circuit, and utilizes the AD acquisition port of the singlechip to acquire the voltage at two ends of the tail resistor of the resistor string to judge the short-circuit condition, thereby greatly reducing the complexity and the cost of the circuit. Because circuit components are few, the short-circuit state cannot be misreported due to the failure (such as open circuit/short circuit) of most components, and the detection precision is improved.
(2) The invention can detect various short circuit conditions in the three-phase power supply line at one time by reasonably setting the resistance values of 6 resistors and utilizing one simulation detection interface, can determine the short circuit position, has simple and reliable method and improves the detection efficiency.
(3) The invention can detect the output short circuit condition of the single-phase and three-phase alternating-current charging pile and the short circuit condition of a plurality of power lines under special conditions, and has wide adaptability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a short-circuit detection principle of an ac charging pile in the prior art;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the short circuit detection principle of the three-phase alternating-current charging pile of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the specific examples below.
Example one
The embodiment provides a short-circuit detection circuit for three-phase power output of an alternating-current charging pile, as shown in fig. 2, the short-circuit detection circuit comprises a live wire L1 terminal, a live wire L2 terminal, a live wire L1 terminal, a zero line N terminal, high-voltage resistors R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, a switching diode D1, a voltage-stabilizing diode D2, an isolation DC-DC power supply U1, a linear isolator U2, a single chip microcomputer U3, small power relays K1, K2, K3 and K4.
The high-voltage resistors R1R 2R 3R 4R 5R 6 are sequentially connected in series and then grounded. A neutral line N terminal is connected between a resistor R4 and a resistor R5 after being connected with a relay K1 in series, a live line L1 terminal is connected between a resistor R3 and a resistor R4 after being connected with a relay K2 in series, a live line L2 terminal is connected between a resistor R2 and a resistor R3 after being connected with a relay K3 in series, and a live line L3 terminal is connected between a resistor R1 and a resistor R2 after being connected with a relay K4 in series. The isolation DC-DC power supply U1 is connected to a high-voltage resistor string through a switching diode D1 (the switching diode D1 is resistant to voltage of more than 500V and plays a reverse protection role and is used for preventing the high voltage from damaging the isolation DC-DC power supply U1 when the small power relay is in contact adhesion failure), and a voltage stabilizing diode D2 is connected to the input end of the linear isolator U2 to play a protection role. The input end of a linear isolator U2 is connected between the resistor R5 and the resistor R6, and the output end of the linear isolator U2 is connected to the AD sampling port of the single chip microcomputer U3.
The values of the resistors R1-R6 meet the conditions that V2a is < V2b < V2c < V2d < V2e < V2f < V2g, wherein V2 a-V2 g represent voltage values of input ends of the linear isolator U2 under different short-circuit conditions;
when no short circuit exists:
V2a≈V1R* R6 /(R1+R2+R3+R4+R5+R6)
when the zero line N and the live line L1 are in short circuit:
V2b≈V1R * R6 /(R1+R2+R3+R5+R6)
when the live line L1 is short-circuited with the live line L2:
V2c≈V1R * R6 /(R1+R2+R4+R5+R6)
when the live line L2 is short-circuited with the live line L3:
V2d≈V1R * R6 /(R1+R3+R4+R5+R6)
when the zero line N and the live line L2 are in short circuit:
V2e≈V1R * R6 /(R1+R2+R5+R6)
when the live line L1 is short-circuited with the live line L3:
V2f≈V1R * R6 /(R1+R4+R5+R6)
when the zero line N and the live line L3 are in short circuit:
V2g≈V1R * R6 /(R1+R5+R6)
wherein, V1R represents the voltage value at the input end of the resistor R1.
This embodiment has simplified current three-phase power supply short-circuit detection circuit, only uses the resistor string that 6 resistors are constituteed as main detection circuit, through rationally setting up each resistance, utilizes singlechip AD to gather the voltage that the port gathered the terminal resistance both ends of resistor string and can judge the short-circuit condition, and circuit structure is simple, and is with low costs.
Example two
The embodiment provides a short-circuit detection method of an alternating-current charging pile three-phase power output short-circuit detection circuit, when short-circuit detection is carried out, relays K1-K4 are attracted, electric appliances K1-K4 are disconnected after short-circuit detection is finished, a linear isolator U2 transmits sampled analog voltage to an AD sampling port of a single chip microcomputer U3, the single chip microcomputer U3 judges whether a short-circuit condition exists between three-phase power output lines through a voltage value read by the AD sampling port, and if the short-circuit condition exists, the single chip microcomputer U3 can also judge the position of the short-circuit.
Suppose the output voltage of the isolation DC-DC power supply U1 is V1, the input voltage of the linear isolator U2 is V2, and the input voltage of the AD sampling port of the singlechip U3 is V3. V3 has a direct proportional relationship with V2, so that whether a short circuit condition exists in the front-end three-phase power output line can be judged through V2. The method comprises the following specific steps:
1. when no short circuit exists:
V2a≈（V1-0.7）* R6 /(R1+R2+R3+R4+R5+R6)
n short-circuited with L1:
V2b≈（V1-0.7）* R6 /(R1+R2+R3+R5+R6)
when L1 is short-circuited with L2:
V2c≈（V1-0.7）* R6 /(R1+R2+R4+R5+R6)
when L2 is short-circuited with L3:
V2d≈（V1-0.7）* R6 /(R1+R3+R4+R5+R6)
n short-circuited with L2:
V2e≈（V1-0.7）* R6 /(R1+R2+R5+R6)
when L1 is short-circuited with L3:
V2f≈（V1-0.7）* R6 /(R1+R4+R5+R6)
n short-circuited with L3:
V2g≈（V1-0.7）* R6 /(R1+R5+R6)
v2a to V2g represent voltage values of input voltage V2 of linear isolator U2 under different short-circuit conditions, so by reasonably setting resistance values of resistors R1R 2R 3R 4R 5R 6, V2a < V2b < V2c < V2d < V2e < V2f < V2g, and the single chip U3 can determine whether a short circuit exists in a three-phase power output line and a position of the short circuit by AD sampling a voltage value read by the short circuit.
The detection method of the invention can detect various short circuit conditions in the three-phase power supply circuit at one time by reasonably setting the resistance values of the resistors in the resistor string and utilizing one analog detection interface by the singlechip, and can determine the short circuit position, the method is simple and reliable, and the detection efficiency is improved.
Claims (5)
1. A three-phase power output short-circuit detection circuit of an alternating current charging pile is characterized by comprising a live wire L1 terminal, a live wire L2 terminal, a live wire L3 terminal, a zero line N terminal, resistors R1-R6, an isolated DC-DC power supply U1, a linear isolator U2, a single chip microcomputer U3 and relays K1-K4; the resistors R1-R6 are sequentially connected in series and then grounded; the neutral line N terminal is connected in series with a relay K1 and then connected between a resistor R4 and a resistor R5, the live line L1 terminal is connected in series with a relay K2 and then connected between a resistor R3 and a resistor R4, the live line L2 terminal is connected in series with a relay K3 and then connected between a resistor R2 and a resistor R3, and the live line L3 terminal is connected in series with a relay K4 and then connected between a resistor R1 and a resistor R2; the input end of the linear isolator U2 is connected between the resistor R5 and the resistor R6, and the output end of the linear isolator U2 is connected to the AD sampling port of the singlechip U3.
2. The short-circuit detection circuit for the three-phase power output of the alternating-current charging pile according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising a voltage-stabilizing diode D2, wherein the anode of the voltage-stabilizing diode D2 is grounded, and the cathode of the voltage-stabilizing diode D2 is connected with the input end of the linear isolator U2.
3. The short-circuit detection circuit for three-phase power output of the alternating-current charging pile as claimed in claim 1, characterized by further comprising a switching diode D1, wherein the anode of the switching diode D1 is connected with the output end of the isolated DC-DC power supply U1, and the cathode of the switching diode D1 is connected with the end of the resistor R1 which is not connected with the resistor R2.
4. The alternating-current charging pile three-phase power output short-circuit detection circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein values of the resistors R1-R6 satisfy V2a < V2b < V2c < V2d < V2e < V2f < V2g, wherein V2 a-V2 g represent voltage values of input ends of a linear isolator U2 under different short-circuit conditions;
when no short circuit exists:
V2a≈V1R* R6 /(R1+R2+R3+R4+R5+R6)
when the zero line N and the live line L1 are in short circuit:
V2b≈V1R * R6 /(R1+R2+R3+R5+R6)
when the live line L1 is short-circuited with the live line L2:
V2c≈V1R * R6 /(R1+R2+R4+R5+R6)
when the live line L2 is short-circuited with the live line L3:
V2d≈V1R * R6 /(R1+R3+R4+R5+R6)
when the zero line N and the live line L2 are in short circuit:
V2e≈V1R * R6 /(R1+R2+R5+R6)
when the live line L1 is short-circuited with the live line L3:
V2f≈V1R * R6 /(R1+R4+R5+R6)
when the zero line N and the live line L3 are in short circuit:
V2g≈V1R * R6 /(R1+R5+R6)
wherein, V1R represents the voltage value at the input end of the resistor R1.
5. The short-circuit detection method of the short-circuit detection circuit for the three-phase power output of the alternating-current charging pile as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that when short-circuit detection is carried out, the relays K1-K4 are attracted, the linear isolator U2 transmits sampled analog voltage to an AD sampling port of the single-chip microcomputer U3, and the single-chip microcomputer U3 judges the short-circuit condition between output lines of the three-phase power supply according to voltage values read by the AD sampling port, and the short-circuit detection method is as follows:
when no short circuit exists:
V2a≈V1R* R6 /(R1+R2+R3+R4+R5+R6)
when the zero line N and the live line L1 are in short circuit:
V2b≈V1R * R6 /(R1+R2+R3+R5+R6)
when the live line L1 is short-circuited with the live line L2:
V2c≈V1R * R6 /(R1+R2+R4+R5+R6)
when the live line L2 is short-circuited with the live line L3:
V2d≈V1R * R6 /(R1+R3+R4+R5+R6)
when the zero line N and the live line L2 are in short circuit:
V2e≈V1R * R6 /(R1+R2+R5+R6)
when the live line L1 is short-circuited with the live line L3:
V2f≈V1R * R6 /(R1+R4+R5+R6)
when the zero line N and the live line L3 are in short circuit:
V2g≈V1R * R6 /(R1+R5+R6)
v2 a-V2 g represent voltage values of input ends of a linear isolator U2 under different short-circuit conditions, V1R represents voltage values of input ends of a resistor R1, values of the resistors R1-R6 are reasonably set, so that V2a < V2b < V2c < V2d < V2e < V2f < V2g, and the short-circuit condition can be judged by the single chip microcomputer U3 according to the voltage values read by an AD sampling port.
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| CN113917366A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-01-11 | 宁波均胜新能源汽车技术有限公司 | Interphase short circuit detection circuit and detection method for three-phase charging pile wall box |
| CN117554687A (en) * | 2024-01-10 | 2024-02-13 | 常州通宝光电股份有限公司 | Alternating current mains voltage sampling circuit |
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| CN211086551U (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2020-07-24 | 恒大智慧充电科技有限公司 | Fill electric pile output short circuit detection circuitry |
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| CN113917366A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-01-11 | 宁波均胜新能源汽车技术有限公司 | Interphase short circuit detection circuit and detection method for three-phase charging pile wall box |
| CN117554687A (en) * | 2024-01-10 | 2024-02-13 | 常州通宝光电股份有限公司 | Alternating current mains voltage sampling circuit |
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Application publication date: 20210806 |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |