CN113311357A - Alternating-current charging stake short circuit detection circuitry - Google Patents
Alternating-current charging stake short circuit detection circuitry Download PDFInfo
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- CN113311357A CN113311357A CN202110512403.4A CN202110512403A CN113311357A CN 113311357 A CN113311357 A CN 113311357A CN 202110512403 A CN202110512403 A CN 202110512403A CN 113311357 A CN113311357 A CN 113311357A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/52—Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
- G01R1/30—Structural combination of electric measuring instruments with basic electronic circuits, e.g. with amplifier
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/04—Voltage dividers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
- G01R15/22—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using light-emitting devices, e.g. LED, optocouplers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a short-circuit detection circuit of an alternating-current charging pile, which comprises voltage-dividing resistors R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 which are sequentially connected in series in the circuit, wherein the terminal of L1 is connected between the voltage-dividing resistors R1 and R2, the terminal of L2 is connected between the voltage-dividing resistors R2 and R3, the terminal of L3 is connected between the voltage-dividing resistors R3 and R4, and the terminal of N is connected between the voltage-dividing resistors R4 and R5; and the short-circuit detection module is used for comparing a voltage value U1 obtained by voltage division of the voltage-dividing resistors R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 from a circuit power supply with a reference voltage value U2 to generate a short-circuit detection signal. The invention simplifies the existing short circuit detection circuit, only adopts a comparator, a divider resistor and a voltage regulator tube to replace the functions of the circuits, and greatly reduces the cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of circuit detection circuits, in particular to a short-circuit detection circuit of an alternating-current charging pile.
Background
For guaranteeing charging safety, before the rifle head of filling electric pile charges electric automobile, need detect and fill electric pile interior interchange high voltage circuit's zero line and live wire, or whether have the risk of short circuit between live wire and the live wire, consequently need carry out the short circuit and detect.
The short-circuit detection of the existing alternating-current charging pile usually adopts a PWM injection method. Firstly, the method has high cost, needs a relay to isolate a high-voltage circuit from a low-voltage circuit, and has complex circuit and more components. And secondly, the misjudgment rate is high, most of components have problems, so that the PWM detection is abnormal, the short circuit is misjudged, the maintenance is difficult, and the maintenance cost is high. In addition, the method can only detect the short circuit state between one path of L & N, if 6 states of two phases of the three-phase alternating-current charging pile are short, 6 paths of circuits are needed, and the cost is high and is not available. At present, no three-phase two-to-two short circuit detection is carried out in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a short circuit detection circuit for an alternating current charging pile.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an alternating current charging pile short circuit detection circuit comprises voltage division resistors R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 which are sequentially connected in series in the circuit, wherein an L1 terminal of the alternating current charging pile is connected between the voltage division resistors R1 and R2, an L2 terminal of the alternating current charging pile is connected between the voltage division resistors R2 and R3, an L3 terminal of the alternating current charging pile is connected between the voltage division resistors R3 and R4, and an N terminal of the alternating current charging pile is connected between the voltage division resistors R4 and R5; the short-circuit detection module is used for comparing a voltage value U1 obtained by voltage division of the voltage dividing resistors R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 from a circuit power supply with a reference voltage value U2 to generate a short-circuit detection signal; when no short circuit occurs among the L1 terminal, the L2 terminal, the L3 terminal and the N terminal of the alternating current charging pile, the U1 is larger than the U2, and when a short circuit occurs among any two terminals of the L1 terminal, the L2 terminal, the L3 terminal and the N terminal of the alternating current charging pile, the U1 is smaller than the U2.
As an optimal scheme of the short-circuit detection circuit of the alternating-current charging pile, the short-circuit detection circuit of the alternating-current charging pile comprises the following steps: the short-circuit detection module comprises a comparator, a positive phase input end of the comparator is connected between the voltage dividing resistors R1 and R6, an inverting input end of the comparator is connected between the voltage dividing resistors R7 and R8, when U1 is greater than U2, an output end of the comparator outputs a high level, and when U1 is less than U2, an output end of the comparator outputs a low level.
As an optimal scheme of the short-circuit detection circuit of the alternating-current charging pile, the short-circuit detection circuit of the alternating-current charging pile comprises the following steps: the optical coupling isolation output module comprises a high-voltage isolation optocoupler and an NMOS (N-channel metal oxide semiconductor) tube Q1, the anode of a light emitter in the high-voltage isolation optocoupler is connected with the output end of the comparator, the cathode of the light emitter in the high-voltage isolation optocoupler is connected with the drain electrode of the NMOS tube Q1, the grid electrode of the NMOS tube Q1 is connected with the output end of the comparator, the source electrode of the NMOS tube Q1 is grounded, the emitter electrode of the light receiver in the high-voltage isolation optocoupler is grounded, an I/O (input/output) interface of the MCU is connected with the emitter electrode of the light receiver in the high-voltage isolation optocoupler, and when the output end of the comparator outputs a high level, the NMOS tube Q1 is switched on; when the output end of the comparator outputs low level, the NMOS tube Q1 is not conducted.
As an optimal scheme of the short-circuit detection circuit of the alternating-current charging pile, the short-circuit detection circuit of the alternating-current charging pile comprises the following steps: still include high low pressure and keep apart power module, high low pressure is kept apart power module is including keeping apart the DCDC power, keep apart low pressure power supply VDD in the DCDC power with the collecting electrode of triode is connected among the output module is kept apart to the opto-coupler, keep apart high voltage power supply VCC in the DCDC power with the anodal of illuminator is connected among the output module is kept apart to the opto-coupler.
As an optimal scheme of the short-circuit detection circuit of the alternating-current charging pile, the short-circuit detection circuit of the alternating-current charging pile comprises the following steps: the voltage-stabilizing circuit further comprises a first voltage-stabilizing diode D1, wherein the first voltage-stabilizing diode D1 is connected with the voltage-dividing resistor R6 in parallel.
As an optimal scheme of the short-circuit detection circuit of the alternating-current charging pile, the short-circuit detection circuit of the alternating-current charging pile comprises the following steps: and the voltage regulator further comprises a second voltage regulator diode D2, and two ends of the second voltage regulator diode D2 are connected between the positive phase input end and the negative phase input end of the comparator respectively.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention simplifies the existing short circuit detection circuit, removes a relay and a control circuit thereof, a PWM isolation injection circuit, a PWM differential sampling circuit and a PWM voltage comparison circuit, and only adopts a comparator, a divider resistor and a voltage regulator tube to replace the functions of the circuits, thereby greatly reducing the cost, in particular under the condition of detecting multi-path short circuit.
(2) The invention greatly reduces the false alarm of short circuit state caused by the failure (such as open circuit/short circuit) of the components because of fewer components, thereby improving the detection precision.
(3) The short circuit detection device not only can detect the short circuit of the single-phase alternating current charging pile, but also can detect six short circuit states of the three-phase alternating current charging pile, and has wide application range.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a short-circuit detection principle of an ac charging pile in the prior art;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the short-circuit detection circuit of the ac charging pile according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a circuit connection diagram of the short-circuit detection circuit of the ac charging pile according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the present invention may be more readily and clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention briefly described above will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments that are illustrated in the appended drawings.
The embodiment provides an alternating current charging pile short circuit detection circuit, which comprises voltage division resistors R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, voltage stabilizing tubes D1 and D2, a comparator, a high-voltage isolation optocoupler, an isolation DCDC power supply, an NMOS tube Q1 and a single-chip microcomputer MCU.
The voltage dividing resistors R6, R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are sequentially connected in series, the other end of the voltage dividing resistor R6 is connected with a power supply VCC, and the other end of the voltage dividing resistor R5 is grounded. The terminal of L1 in the charging gun of the alternating current charging pile is connected between voltage dividing resistors R1 and R2, the terminal of L2 in the charging gun is connected between the voltage dividing resistors R2 and R3, the terminal of L3 in the charging gun is connected between the voltage dividing resistors R3 and R4, and the terminal of N in the charging gun is connected between the voltage dividing resistors R4 and R5. The divider resistor R7 and the divider resistor R8 are connected in series, the other end of the divider resistor R8 is connected with another power supply VCC, and the other end of the divider resistor R7 is grounded.
The non-inverting input terminal of the comparator is connected between the voltage dividing resistors R1 and R6, and the inverting input terminal of the comparator is connected between the voltage dividing resistors R7 and R8. The output of the comparator is connected to a voltage dividing resistor R12.
The input voltage at the positive input terminal of the comparator is denoted as U1, and U1 is a voltage value obtained by dividing the voltage of the voltage dividing resistors R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 from the power supply VCC, that is, U1= (R1+ R2+ R3+ R4+ R5) × VCC/(R1 + R2+ R3+ R4+ R5+ R6). The input voltage at the inverting input terminal of the comparator is denoted as U2, and U2 is a voltage value obtained by voltage division of the voltage dividing resistor R7 from the other power supply VCC, that is, U2= R7 × VCC/(R7 + R8). U2 is used as a reference voltage value. The resistance values of the divider resistors R1-R8 are selected to meet the following requirements: when no short circuit occurs among L1, L2, L3 and the N terminal, U1 is more than U2; when any two terminals among the L1, the L2, the L3 and the N terminal are short-circuited, U1 < U2.
The comparator is responsible for short circuit detection between the L1, L2, L3 and the N terminal. When no short circuit occurs among the L1, the L2, the L3 and the N terminal, U1 is more than U2, and the output end of the comparator outputs high level. When the L1 terminal and the L2 terminal are short-circuited, and the divider resistor R2 between the L1 terminal and the L2 terminal is short-circuited, at this time, U1= (R1+ R3+ R4+ R5) × VCC/(R1 + R3+ R4+ R5+ R6), and U1 < U2, the comparator outputs a low level. When the L1 terminal and the L3 terminal are short-circuited, and the voltage dividing resistors R2 and R3 between the L1 terminal and the L3 terminal are short-circuited, at this time, U1= (R1+ R4+ R5) × VCC/(R1 + R4+ R5+ R6), U1 < U2, and the comparator outputs a low level. When the L2 terminal and the L3 terminal are short-circuited, and the divider resistor R3 between the L2 terminal and the L3 terminal is short-circuited, at this time, U1= (R1+ R2+ R4+ R5) × VCC/(R1 + R2+ R4+ R5+ R6), and U1 < U2, the comparator outputs a low level. When the terminal of the L1 and the terminal of the N are short-circuited, the voltage dividing resistors R1 and R5 are short-circuited, at this time, U1= (R2 + R3+ R4) × VCC/(R2 + R3+ R4+ R6), and U1 < U2, and the comparator outputs a low level. When the terminal of the L2 and the terminal of the N are short-circuited, the voltage dividing resistors R3 and R4 are short-circuited, at this time, U1= (R1+ R2+ R5) × VCC/(R1 + R2+ R5+ R6), and U1 < U2, and the comparator outputs a low level. When the terminal of the L1 and the terminal of the N are short-circuited, the voltage dividing resistor R4 is short-circuited, and at this time, U1= (R1+ R2+ R3+ R5) × VCC/(R1 + R2+ R3+ R5+ R6), U1 < U2, and the comparator outputs a low level.
It should be noted that, the voltage dividing resistors R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6 need to select a resistance value of M level, so as to prevent the comparator from being damaged by ac high voltage and isolate the DCDC power supply.
The voltage stabilizing diode D1 is connected in parallel with the voltage dividing resistor R6 and is used for protecting the voltage at the positive input end of the comparator. Two ends of the zener diode D2 are connected between the positive input terminal and the negative input terminal of the comparator for ensuring the voltage between the positive input terminal and the negative input terminal of the comparator.
The light emitting diode in the high-voltage isolation optocoupler is connected with a voltage division resistor R12 in parallel, after the voltage division resistor R13 is connected with the voltage divider R14 in series, the other end of the voltage division resistor R13 is connected with an emitting electrode of a triode in the high-voltage isolation optocoupler, and the other end of the voltage division resistor R14 is grounded. The I/O interface of the MCU of the singlechip is connected between the voltage dividing resistors R13 and R14 after passing through the voltage dividing resistor R15. The high-voltage isolation optocoupler is responsible for isolating the output of the short circuit detection to the MCU.
An IN + pin IN the isolation DCDC power supply is connected with a low-voltage power supply VDD and a collector of a triode IN the high-voltage isolation optocoupler, an OUT + pin IN the isolation DCDC power supply is connected with a high-voltage power supply VCC and an anode of a light-emitting diode IN the high-voltage isolation optocoupler, and the IN-pin and the OUT-pin IN the isolation DCDC power supply are grounded. The right side circuit that emitting diode place in the opto-coupler is high voltage circuit, and the left side circuit that triode place in the opto-coupler is low voltage circuit, keeps apart the effect that DCDC power play for high low voltage circuit power supply and keep apart.
The drain electrode of the NMOS tube Q1 is connected with the negative electrode of the diode in the high-voltage isolation optocoupler through a voltage-dividing resistor R9, the source electrode of the NMOS tube Q1 is grounded, and the grid electrode of the NMOS tube Q1 is connected with the output end of the comparator through a voltage-dividing resistor R11. Two ends of the voltage dividing resistor R10 are respectively connected with the grid and the source of the NMOS tube Q1. When the output end of the comparator outputs a high level, the NMOS tube Q1 is in a conducting state; when the output end of the comparator outputs low level, the NMOS tube Q1 is in a non-conducting state.
When the short-circuit detection circuit of the alternating-current charging pile mentioned in the embodiment works, when the alternating-current charging pile L1, L2, L3 and N wiring ends are not short-circuited, U1 is greater than U2, the comparator outputs a high level at the moment, the NMOS tube Q1 is in a conducting state, a light emitting diode in the high-voltage isolation optocoupler is conducted, the phototriode generates light current after receiving light and outputs the light, and the single chip microcomputer MCU detects that the wiring ends of the alternating-current charging pile are not short-circuited. When a short circuit occurs between any two wiring ends in the alternating current charging pile, U1 is less than U2, the comparator outputs low level at the moment, the NMOS tube Q1 is in a non-conducting state, the light emitting diode in the high-voltage isolation optocoupler is turned off, and the single chip microcomputer MCU detects that the wiring ends of the alternating current charging pile are short-circuited at the moment.
In the prior art, a high-voltage relay is often used as an isolation means for a zero line live wire and a low-voltage circuit in a charger, the relay needs to be closed during PWM injection to detect a short-circuit state, and due to the fact that the failure rate of the relay is high, a frequency of FIT (300 plus 500) is usually adopted, the failure rate is high, the use frequency is limited, and the service life is shorter than that of a common electronic component. The invention avoids the use of a high-voltage relay, not only ensures the safety isolation between high voltage and low voltage, but also greatly reduces the cost and prolongs the service life. When the PWM injection method is used, when a plurality of components in the circuit are in short circuit or open circuit, differential sampling can not work, or PWM can not be injected, and the like, PWM sampling abnormity can occur, the short circuit state can only be defaulted for ensuring safety, the false alarm rate is high, maintenance can not be performed, the direct replacement cost is high, false alarm caused by the faults of most components can not occur, the short circuit detection accuracy is high, and the maintenance is easy. In addition, the PWM injection method can only detect single-phase short circuit and cannot detect short circuit among three-phase power, if the detection needs 6 paths of PWM injection and detection, the detection is obviously not advisable, and the invention can realize the complete detection of 6 short circuit states of the three-phase power before charging.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments; all technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an alternating-current charging stake short circuit detection circuitry which characterized in that: comprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,
the voltage dividing resistors R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are sequentially connected in series in the circuit, the terminal L1 of the alternating current charging pile is connected between the voltage dividing resistors R1 and R2, the terminal L2 of the alternating current charging pile is connected between the voltage dividing resistors R2 and R3, the terminal L3 of the alternating current charging pile is connected between the voltage dividing resistors R3 and R4, and the terminal N of the alternating current charging pile is connected between the voltage dividing resistors R4 and R5;
the short-circuit detection module is used for comparing a voltage value U1 obtained by voltage division of the voltage dividing resistors R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 from a circuit power supply with a reference voltage value U2 to generate a short-circuit detection signal;
when no short circuit occurs among the L1 terminal, the L2 terminal, the L3 terminal and the N terminal of the alternating current charging pile, the U1 is larger than the U2, and when a short circuit occurs among any two terminals of the L1 terminal, the L2 terminal, the L3 terminal and the N terminal of the alternating current charging pile, the U1 is smaller than the U2.
2. The ac charging post short circuit detection circuit of claim 1, wherein: still include divider resistance R6, R7, R8, divider resistance R6's one end with divider resistance R1 connects in series, divider resistance R6's the other end is connected with power supply, divider resistance R5's the other end ground connection, divider resistance R7, R8 connect in series, divider resistance R8's the other end is connected with another power supply, divider resistance R7's the other end ground connection,
the short circuit detection module comprises a comparator, wherein the non-inverting input end of the comparator is connected between the voltage dividing resistors R1 and R6, the inverting input end of the comparator is connected between the voltage dividing resistors R7 and R8,
when the U1 is more than U2, the output end of the comparator outputs high level, and when the U1 is less than U2, the output end of the comparator outputs low level.
3. The ac charging post short-circuit detection circuit of claim 2, wherein: also comprises an optical coupling isolation output module and a singlechip MCU,
the optical coupling isolation output module comprises a high-voltage isolation optical coupler and an NMOS (N-channel metal oxide semiconductor) tube Q1, wherein the anode of a light emitter in the high-voltage isolation optical coupler is connected with the output end of a comparator, the cathode of the light emitter in the high-voltage isolation optical coupler is connected with the drain electrode of the NMOS tube Q1, the grid electrode of the NMOS tube Q1 is connected with the output end of the comparator, the source electrode of the NMOS tube Q1 is grounded, the emitting electrode of a light receiver in the high-voltage isolation optical coupler is grounded, and an I/O (input/output) interface of the MCU (micro controller unit) is connected with the emitting electrode of the light receiver in the high-voltage isolation optical coupler,
when the output end of the comparator outputs high level, the NMOS tube Q1 is conducted; when the output end of the comparator outputs low level, the NMOS tube Q1 is not conducted.
4. The AC charging post short circuit detection circuit of claim 3, wherein: still include high low pressure and keep apart power module, high low pressure is kept apart power module is including keeping apart the DCDC power, keep apart low pressure power supply VDD in the DCDC power with the collecting electrode of triode is connected among the output module is kept apart to the opto-coupler, keep apart high voltage power supply VCC in the DCDC power with the anodal of illuminator is connected among the output module is kept apart to the opto-coupler.
5. The ac charging post short-circuit detection circuit of claim 2, wherein: the voltage-stabilizing circuit further comprises a first voltage-stabilizing diode D1, wherein the first voltage-stabilizing diode D1 is connected with the voltage-dividing resistor R6 in parallel.
6. The ac charging post short-circuit detection circuit of claim 2, wherein: and the voltage regulator further comprises a second voltage regulator diode D2, and two ends of the second voltage regulator diode D2 are connected between the positive phase input end and the negative phase input end of the comparator respectively.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110512403.4A CN113311357A (en) | 2021-05-11 | 2021-05-11 | Alternating-current charging stake short circuit detection circuitry |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110512403.4A CN113311357A (en) | 2021-05-11 | 2021-05-11 | Alternating-current charging stake short circuit detection circuitry |
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| CN113311357A true CN113311357A (en) | 2021-08-27 |
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| CN202110512403.4A Withdrawn CN113311357A (en) | 2021-05-11 | 2021-05-11 | Alternating-current charging stake short circuit detection circuitry |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117368798A (en) * | 2023-12-04 | 2024-01-09 | 浙江国利信安科技有限公司 | Fault detection circuit and related circuitry |
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| CN103698579A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-02 | 长沙奥托自动化技术有限公司 | Direct-current voltage sampling device of low-voltage frequency converter |
| CN206370683U (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-08-01 | 深圳华北工控股份有限公司 | It is a kind of to be used for the light-coupled isolation lightning protection circuit of practical On-off signal data signal |
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| CN111751759A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-10-09 | 国网北京市电力公司 | Three-phase charging gun output short circuit detection circuit and detection method |
| CN112305452A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-02-02 | 国网北京市电力公司 | Short circuit detection device |
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2021
- 2021-05-11 CN CN202110512403.4A patent/CN113311357A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103698579A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-02 | 长沙奥托自动化技术有限公司 | Direct-current voltage sampling device of low-voltage frequency converter |
| CN206370683U (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-08-01 | 深圳华北工控股份有限公司 | It is a kind of to be used for the light-coupled isolation lightning protection circuit of practical On-off signal data signal |
| CN208834295U (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-05-07 | 江苏银佳电子设备有限公司 | A kind of 232 and 485 Bus isolation conversion modules |
| CN111751759A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-10-09 | 国网北京市电力公司 | Three-phase charging gun output short circuit detection circuit and detection method |
| CN112305452A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-02-02 | 国网北京市电力公司 | Short circuit detection device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117368798A (en) * | 2023-12-04 | 2024-01-09 | 浙江国利信安科技有限公司 | Fault detection circuit and related circuitry |
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