CN111458552A - Non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit and direct-current power supply - Google Patents
Non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit and direct-current power supply Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit and a direct current power supply. The first end of a high-side sampling resistor R1 in the non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit is connected with a direct-current bus of a direct-current power supply, and the second end of a high-side sampling resistor R1 is connected with an emitting electrode of a triode Q; the high-side sampling resistor R1 is connected with the input end of the primary amplifying circuit, the sampling voltage of the high-side sampling resistor R1 is input into the primary amplifying circuit, the output end of the primary amplifying circuit is connected with the input end of the secondary modulating circuit, and the output end of the secondary modulating circuit is connected with the base electrode of the triode Q; the collector of the triode Q is connected with the first end of the low-side sampling resistor R11, and the second end of the low-side sampling resistor R11 is connected with the negative electrode of the direct-current power supply. The invention solves the problem that the amplifier in the prior art cannot bear higher common-mode voltage when used for direct sampling, can be applied to the protection of a direct-current bus with voltage ranging from 24V to 100V, and further effectively improves the reliability of a direct-current power supply.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of direct current sampling, in particular to a non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit and a direct current power supply.
Background
The current detection methods are mainly classified into electromagnetic detection and resistance detection (including high-side detection and low-side resistance). Electromagnetic detection generally uses hall element to realize non-contact detection, and the security is high, and is with high costs, precision moderate grade. The resistance detection realizes sampling by serially connecting sampling resistors in a circuit, has direct electrical connection, and is moderate in safety, low in cost and high in precision. The high-side detection has greater advantages in performance than the low-side detection, and can eliminate ground wire interference and prevent the short circuit of the bus over the ground. However, the common mode withstand voltage of the general operational amplifier is generally within 20V, and a detection circuit capable of adapting to a high common mode voltage is required because a power supply of 24V or more cannot be directly detected.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit and a dc power supply, which are provided to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit is constructed, and comprises a high-side sampling resistor R1, a voltage regulator tube voltage division circuit, a primary amplification circuit, a secondary modulation circuit, a triode Q and a low-side sampling resistor R11;
a first end of the high-side sampling resistor R1 is connected with a direct-current bus of a direct-current power supply, a second end of the high-side sampling resistor R1 is connected with an emitting electrode of the triode Q, and a second end of the high-side sampling resistor R1 is connected with a load; the high-side sampling resistor R1 is connected with the input end of the primary amplifying circuit, the sampling voltage of the high-side sampling resistor R1 is input into the primary amplifying circuit, the output end of the primary amplifying circuit is connected with the input end of the secondary modulating circuit, and the output end of the secondary modulating circuit is connected with the base electrode of the triode Q; the collector of triode Q is connected with the first end of low-side sampling resistor R11, the second end of low-side sampling resistor R11 is connected with the negative pole of DC power supply, and the negative pole of DC power supply is grounded.
Further, the non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit further comprises an output amplifying circuit connected with the low-side sampling resistor R11, and the output amplifying circuit is used for amplifying the voltage at two ends of the low-side sampling resistor R11.
Further, in the non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit of the present invention, the output amplifying circuit includes a third operational amplifier OP3, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a resistor R14, a resistor R15, and a capacitor C2;
an inverting input terminal of the third operational amplifier OP3 is connected to a first terminal of the resistor R12, a second terminal of the resistor R12 is connected to a first terminal of the low-side sampling resistor R11, a second terminal of the resistor R12 is grounded through the capacitor C2, and an inverting input terminal of the third operational amplifier OP3 is connected to an output terminal of the third operational amplifier OP3 through the resistor R13; the non-inverting input terminal of the third operational amplifier OP3 is connected to the supply voltage VCC through the resistor R14, and the non-inverting input terminal of the third operational amplifier OP3 is grounded through the resistor R15.
Further, in the non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit of the present invention, the voltage regulator tube voltage divider circuit includes a voltage regulator diode Z and a resistor R7;
the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode Z is connected with the direct current bus, and the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode Z is connected with the cathode of the direct current power supply through the resistor R7; the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode Z is used as the power supply anode of the primary amplifying circuit and the secondary modulating circuit, and the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode Z is used as the floating ground end of the primary amplifying circuit and the secondary modulating circuit.
Further, in the non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit of the present invention, the first-stage amplifying circuit includes a first operational amplifier OP1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, and a capacitor C1;
the non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier OP1 is connected to the first terminal of the resistor R1 through the resistor R2, and the non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier OP1 is connected to the anode of the zener diode Z through the resistor R5; the inverting input end of the first operational amplifier OP1 is connected to the second end of the resistor R1 through the resistor R3, the inverting input end of the first operational amplifier OP1 is connected to the output end of the first operational amplifier OP1 through the resistor R4, the output end of the first operational amplifier OP1 is connected to the anode of the zener diode Z through the capacitor C1, and the output end of the first operational amplifier OP1 is connected to the input end of the secondary modulation circuit;
the anode of the first operational amplifier OP1 is connected to the cathode of the zener diode Z, and the cathode of the first operational amplifier OP1 is connected to the anode of the zener diode Z.
Further, in the non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit of the present invention, the secondary modulation circuit includes a second operational amplifier OP2, a resistor R8, a resistor R9;
the non-inverting input end of the second operational amplifier OP2 is connected with the output end of the first operational amplifier OP1, the inverting input end of the second operational amplifier OP2 is connected with the emitter of the triode Q, and the output end of the second operational amplifier OP2 is connected with the base of the triode Q; the emitter of the triode Q is connected with the second end of the resistor R1 through the resistor R9;
the anode of the second operational amplifier OP2 is connected to the cathode of the zener diode Z, and the cathode of the second operational amplifier OP2 is connected to the anode of the zener diode Z.
Furthermore, the non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit further comprises a resistor R10, wherein a first end of the resistor R10 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q, and a second end of the resistor R10 is connected to a first end of the resistor R11.
Further, in the non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit of the present invention, the transistor Q is a PNP-type transistor.
Further, in the non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit of the present invention, the output voltage of the dc power supply is between 24V and 100V;
the resistance value of the high-side sampling resistor R1 is less than 100m omega.
In addition, the invention also provides a direct current power supply which comprises the non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit.
The implementation of the non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit and the direct current power supply has the following beneficial effects: the invention solves the problem that the amplifier in the prior art cannot bear higher common-mode voltage when used for direct sampling, can be applied to the protection of a direct-current bus with voltage ranging from 24V to 100V, and further effectively improves the reliability of a direct-current power supply.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit provided in embodiment 1;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit provided in embodiment 2;
fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit provided in embodiment 3.
Detailed Description
For a more clear understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit of this embodiment includes a high-side sampling resistor R1, a voltage regulator tube voltage divider circuit 10, a primary amplifier circuit 20, a secondary modulator circuit 30, a transistor Q, and a low-side sampling resistor R11, where a first end of the high-side sampling resistor R1 is connected to a dc bus of a dc power supply, a second end of the high-side sampling resistor R1 is connected to an emitter of the transistor Q, and a second end of the high-side sampling resistor R1 is connected to a load; the high-side sampling resistor R1 is connected with the input end of the primary amplifying circuit 20, the sampling voltage of the high-side sampling resistor R1 is input into the primary amplifying circuit 20, the output end of the primary amplifying circuit 20 is connected with the input end of the secondary modulating circuit 30, and the output end of the secondary modulating circuit 30 is connected with the base electrode of the triode Q; the collector of triode Q connects the first end of low side sampling resistance R11, and the second end of low side sampling resistance R11 connects the negative pole of DC power supply, and DC power supply's negative pole ground connection.
The voltage-regulator tube voltage-dividing circuit 10 divides voltage of 5V-10V from a direct current bus, and a floating end is constructed to be used by a first-stage amplifying circuit 20 and a second-stage modulating circuit 30. The first-stage amplifier circuit 20 amplifies the voltage signal of the high-side sampling resistor R1, amplifies the signal, and outputs the amplified signal to the second-stage modulation circuit 30. The second-stage modulation circuit 30 adjusts the degree of opening of the transistor Q according to the output voltage of the first-stage amplification circuit 20 and performs negative feedback. The output current of the triode Q is converted into a voltage signal through the low-side sampling resistor R11 and is output.
Alternatively, the output voltage of the dc power supply in the non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit of the present embodiment is between 24V and 100V; the resistance of the high-side sampling resistor R1 is less than 100m omega.
Alternatively, in the non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit of the present embodiment, the transistor Q is a PNP-type transistor.
The problem that the amplifier cannot bear high common-mode voltage when used for direct sampling in the prior art is solved, the applicable voltage is protected by the direct-current bus from 24V to 100V, and the reliability of the direct-current power supply is effectively improved.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2, on the basis of embodiment 1, the non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit of this embodiment further includes an output amplifying circuit 40 connected to the low-side sampling resistor R11, where the output amplifying circuit 40 is configured to amplify a voltage across the low-side sampling resistor R11.
The problem that the amplifier cannot bear high common-mode voltage when used for direct sampling in the prior art is solved, the applicable voltage is protected by the direct-current bus from 24V to 100V, and the reliability of the direct-current power supply is effectively improved.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 3, on the basis of the above embodiment, the voltage regulator tube voltage divider circuit 10 in the non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit of this embodiment includes a voltage regulator diode Z and a resistor R7, a negative electrode of the voltage regulator diode Z is connected to the dc bus, and an anode of the voltage regulator diode Z is connected to a negative electrode of the dc power supply through a resistor R7. The voltage stabilizing diode Z and the resistor R7 form a floating end with a stable point, the potential of the floating end relative to the negative pole of the power bus is Vf, and the voltage difference of the positive pole of the direct current bus relative to the floating ground is about 5V of the voltage drop of the voltage stabilizing diode Z. The cathode of the zener diode Z is used as the power supply anode of the primary amplifying circuit 20 and the secondary modulating circuit 30, and the anode of the zener diode Z is used as the floating end of the primary amplifying circuit 20 and the secondary modulating circuit 30.
The first-stage amplifying circuit 20 in the non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit of this embodiment includes a first operational amplifier OP1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, and a capacitor C1, wherein a non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier OP1 is connected to a first terminal of the resistor R1 through the resistor R2, and a non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier OP1 is connected to an anode of the zener diode Z through the resistor R5; the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier OP1 is connected to the second terminal of the resistor R1 through a resistor R3, the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier OP1 is connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier OP1 through a resistor R4, the output terminal of the first operational amplifier OP1 is connected to the anode of the zener diode Z through a capacitor C1, and the output terminal of the first operational amplifier OP1 is connected to the input terminal of the secondary modulation circuit 30. The anode of the first operational amplifier OP1 is connected to the cathode of the zener diode Z, and the cathode of the first operational amplifier OP1 is connected to the anode of the zener diode Z.
The current of the dc bus flows through the high-side sampling resistor R1, and a certain voltage drop is generated on the high-side sampling resistor R1, and the voltage drop is input to the first-stage amplifying circuit 20. However, in order to avoid introducing too high impedance to cause voltage division, the resistance of the high-side sampling resistor R1 in this embodiment is smaller than 100m Ω. Alternatively, the amplification factor of the first-stage amplification circuit 20 is 10 to 20 times, and can be selected as needed.
The second-stage modulation circuit 30 in the non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit of this embodiment includes a second operational amplifier OP2, a resistor R8, and a resistor R9, wherein a non-inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier OP2 is connected to an output terminal of the first operational amplifier OP1, an inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier OP2 is connected to an emitter of the transistor Q, and an output terminal of the second operational amplifier OP2 is connected to a base of the transistor Q; the emitter of the triode Q is connected with the second end of the resistor R1 through a resistor R9, the inverting input end of the second operational amplifier OP2 and the low side of the resistor R9 form a negative feedback loop, and the output end of the second operational amplifier OP2 outputs a signal to the base of the triode Q to control the opening of the triode Q. The anode of the second operational amplifier OP2 is connected to the cathode of the zener diode Z, and the cathode of the second operational amplifier OP2 is connected to the anode of the zener diode Z. Alternatively, the triode Q is a PNP triode, the PNP triode cooperates with a current-limiting resistor to convert a voltage signal into a current signal, and simultaneously bears the voltage stress on the dc bus, and the generated current signal flows to the low side along the branch, thereby realizing the transmission from the high-side signal to the low-side signal.
The non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit of the embodiment further includes a resistor R10, a first terminal of the resistor R10 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q, and a second terminal of the resistor R10 is connected to the first terminal of the resistor R11.
The output amplifying circuit 40 in the non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit of this embodiment includes a third operational amplifier OP3, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a resistor R14, a resistor R15, and a capacitor C2, wherein an inverting input terminal of the third operational amplifier OP3 is connected to a first terminal of the resistor R12, a second terminal of the resistor R12 is connected to a first terminal of a low-side sampling resistor R11, a second terminal of the resistor R12 is grounded through the capacitor C2, and an inverting input terminal of the third operational amplifier OP3 is connected to an output terminal of the third operational amplifier OP3 through a resistor R13; the non-inverting input terminal of the third operational amplifier OP3 is connected to the supply voltage VCC through a resistor R14, and the non-inverting input terminal of the third operational amplifier OP3 is grounded through a resistor R15.
The invention aims to solve two difficulties of high-side current sampling, namely high cost and low accuracy and linearity when an isolation type high-side sampling scheme is used; the use of an amplifier for direct sampling does not withstand the high common mode voltages, introduces measurement errors and risks of breakdown of the amplifier. The voltage-current-voltage signal conversion is realized through a set of low-cost analog circuit, and a high-side signal is converted to a low side, so that the cost and the performance are considered. The invention has wide application prospect in the protection of 24V-100V direct current bus. The corresponding protection action is executed by detecting the amplitude of the high-side current signal, which is the basis for realizing power supply protection. The scheme can effectively improve the reliability of various devices which provide direct current power supply by a lithium battery pack and a lead-acid battery pack.
Example 3
In addition, the present embodiment further provides a dc power supply, which includes the non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit.
The problem that the amplifier cannot bear high common-mode voltage when used for direct sampling in the prior art is solved, the applicable voltage is protected by the direct-current bus from 24V to 100V, and the reliability of the direct-current power supply is effectively improved.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit is characterized by comprising a high-side sampling resistor R1, a voltage regulator tube voltage division circuit (10), a primary amplification circuit (20), a secondary modulation circuit (30), a triode Q and a low-side sampling resistor R11;
a first end of the high-side sampling resistor R1 is connected with a direct-current bus of a direct-current power supply, a second end of the high-side sampling resistor R1 is connected with an emitting electrode of the triode Q, and a second end of the high-side sampling resistor R1 is connected with a load; the high-side sampling resistor R1 is connected with the input end of the primary amplifying circuit (20), the sampling voltage of the high-side sampling resistor R1 is input into the primary amplifying circuit (20), the output end of the primary amplifying circuit (20) is connected with the input end of the secondary modulating circuit (30), and the output end of the secondary modulating circuit (30) is connected with the base electrode of the triode Q; the collector of triode Q is connected with the first end of low-side sampling resistor R11, the second end of low-side sampling resistor R11 is connected with the negative pole of DC power supply, and the negative pole of DC power supply is grounded.
2. The non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit according to claim 1, further comprising an output amplification circuit (40) connected to the low-side sampling resistor R11, the output amplification circuit (40) being configured to amplify the voltage across the low-side sampling resistor R11.
3. The non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit according to claim 2, wherein the output amplification circuit (40) comprises a third operational amplifier OP3, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a resistor R14, a resistor R15, a capacitor C2;
an inverting input terminal of the third operational amplifier OP3 is connected to a first terminal of the resistor R12, a second terminal of the resistor R12 is connected to a first terminal of the low-side sampling resistor R11, a second terminal of the resistor R12 is grounded through the capacitor C2, and an inverting input terminal of the third operational amplifier OP3 is connected to an output terminal of the third operational amplifier OP3 through the resistor R13; the non-inverting input terminal of the third operational amplifier OP3 is connected to the supply voltage VCC through the resistor R14, and the non-inverting input terminal of the third operational amplifier OP3 is grounded through the resistor R15.
4. The non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit according to claim 1, wherein the zener voltage divider circuit (10) comprises a zener diode Z and a resistor R7;
the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode Z is connected with the direct current bus, and the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode Z is connected with the cathode of the direct current power supply through the resistor R7; the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode Z is used as the power supply anode of the primary amplifying circuit (20) and the secondary modulating circuit (30), and the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode Z is used as the floating end of the primary amplifying circuit (20) and the secondary modulating circuit (30).
5. The non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit according to claim 4, wherein the primary amplification circuit (20) comprises a first operational amplifier OP1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a capacitor C1;
the non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier OP1 is connected to the first terminal of the resistor R1 through the resistor R2, and the non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier OP1 is connected to the anode of the zener diode Z through the resistor R5; the inverting input end of the first operational amplifier OP1 is connected with the second end of the resistor R1 through the resistor R3, the inverting input end of the first operational amplifier OP1 is connected with the output end of the first operational amplifier OP1 through the resistor R4, the output end of the first operational amplifier OP1 is connected with the anode of the zener diode Z through the capacitor C1, and the output end of the first operational amplifier OP1 is connected with the input end of the secondary modulation circuit (30);
the anode of the first operational amplifier OP1 is connected to the cathode of the zener diode Z, and the cathode of the first operational amplifier OP1 is connected to the anode of the zener diode Z.
6. The non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit according to claim 5, wherein the secondary modulation circuit (30) comprises a second operational amplifier OP2, a resistor R8, a resistor R9;
the non-inverting input end of the second operational amplifier OP2 is connected with the output end of the first operational amplifier OP1, the inverting input end of the second operational amplifier OP2 is connected with the emitter of the triode Q, and the output end of the second operational amplifier OP2 is connected with the base of the triode Q; the emitter of the triode Q is connected with the second end of the resistor R1 through the resistor R9;
the anode of the second operational amplifier OP2 is connected to the cathode of the zener diode Z, and the cathode of the second operational amplifier OP2 is connected to the anode of the zener diode Z.
7. The non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit according to claim 6, further comprising a resistor R10, wherein a first terminal of the resistor R10 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q, and a second terminal of the resistor R10 is connected to a first terminal of the resistor R11.
8. The non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit according to claim 1, wherein the transistor Q is a PNP transistor.
9. The non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit according to claim 1, wherein the output voltage of the dc power supply is between 24V and 100V;
the resistance value of the high-side sampling resistor R1 is less than 100m omega.
10. A dc power supply comprising a non-isolated high side current sampling circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN112630498A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-04-09 | 中国空间技术研究院 | High-side sampling circuit |
| CN113219233A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-06 | 石家庄宇飞电子有限公司 | Voltage expansion circuit for high-side current sampling |
| CN117554687A (en) * | 2024-01-10 | 2024-02-13 | 常州通宝光电股份有限公司 | Alternating current mains voltage sampling circuit |
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| CN110456141A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-11-15 | 安徽贵博新能科技有限公司 | A kind of flash over-current detection circuit and its method |
| CN110412485A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2019-11-05 | 浪潮商用机器有限公司 | A kind of output current detection circuit |
| CN212275830U (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2021-01-01 | 世强先进(深圳)科技股份有限公司 | Non-isolated high-side current sampling circuit and direct-current power supply |
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| CN112630498A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-04-09 | 中国空间技术研究院 | High-side sampling circuit |
| CN112630498B (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2024-06-11 | 中国空间技术研究院 | High-side sampling circuit |
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