CN117536606A - Gaseous-supercritical CO 2 Method for determining buried quantity - Google Patents
Gaseous-supercritical CO 2 Method for determining buried quantity Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/164—Injecting CO2 or carbonated water
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a gaseous-supercritical CO 2 Method for determining the amount of burial, said CO being in the gaseous-supercritical state 2 The method for determining the buried quantity comprises the following steps: adopts a vacuum-pumping saturation mode to carry out CO 2 The buried model is saturated to simulate stratum water, and the porosity of the model is measured; then injecting simulated stratum water into the model at a constant speed in a displacement mode, monitoring and recording pressure changes at two ends of injection and production of the model, and calculating the water permeability of the model; CO elimination 2 Dissolving CO in the gaseous-supercritical state 2 Influence of the measurement result of the buried quantity; CO elimination 2 The ground reaction produces mineral precipitation to CO in the gaseous-supercritical state 2 Influence of the measurement result of the buried quantity; for a water layer with a closed boundary or constant pressure boundary, calculating gaseous-supercritical CO 2 A buried amount; according to the calculated gaseous-supercritical state CO 2 Buried quantity, construction of gaseous-supercritical CO 2 A plate whose buried amount varies with temperature and pressure conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas field development, and in particular relates to a gaseous-supercritical CO 2 A method for determining the buried quantity.
Background
With the continuous development of socioeconomic performance, global carbon emissions have tended to increase year by year, and the problem of greenhouse effect has been increasingly raised. To effectively reduce CO 2 Emissions, carbon capture and underground sequestration have received great attention. Relative to CO 2 Buried forms of oil and gas reservoir burying, coal seam burying, salt pit burying and the like, and CO 2 The water layer buried has the advantages of wide site selection range, huge storage space, fewer constraint conditions and the like, and becomes the current important CO 2 And the research and engineering application direction of the buried theory. However, in the prior art, CO 2 The water layer burying theory and the technical system are not perfect, and the CO under different occurrence states 2 The amount of buried cannot be accurately measured.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a gaseous-supercritical CO 2 The method for determining the buried amount aims to solve the problems.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a gaseous-supercritical CO 2 The method for determining the buried quantity comprises the following steps:
adopts a vacuum-pumping saturation mode to carry out CO 2 The buried model was saturated with simulated formation water and the porosity of the model was measured. Then injecting simulated stratum water into the model at a constant speed in a displacement mode, monitoring and recording pressure changes at two ends of injection and production of the model, and calculating the water permeability of the model;
CO elimination 2 Dissolving CO in the gaseous-supercritical state 2 Influence of the measurement result of the buried quantity;
CO elimination 2 The ground reaction produces mineral precipitation to CO in the gaseous-supercritical state 2 Influence of the measurement result of the buried quantity;
for a closed boundary or constant pressure boundaryThe water layer, calculate the gaseous-supercritical CO 2 A buried amount;
according to the calculated gaseous-supercritical state CO 2 Buried quantity, construction of gaseous-supercritical CO 2 A plate with the buried quantity changing along with the temperature and pressure conditions;
according to the gaseous-supercritical state CO 2 Plate with burial amount changing with temperature and pressure conditions, burial temperature of T, burial pressure of P and overburden pressure of P R When the mineralization degree of the stratum water is M, the gaseous-supercritical CO measured by an indoor experiment is obtained 2 Buried quantity V C ；
Wherein the CO 2 The buried model includes:
the device comprises a cylindrical model main body, a plurality of monitoring ports and a plurality of monitoring ports, wherein the cylindrical model main body is internally provided with a cylindrical cavity, the cylindrical cavity is provided with a first end and a second end which are positioned at two ends, the cylindrical cavity is used for filling a molding sand body, and the outer side of the model main body is penetrated with the plurality of monitoring ports;
the axial pressure loading system is arranged at the second end and divides the cylindrical cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity, a mining outlet is axially penetrated through the axial pressure loading system, the mining outlet is communicated with the first cavity and extends to the outside through the second cavity, and the axial pressure loading system is used for applying an overlying pressure to the molding sand in the cylindrical cavity;
Monitoring means mounted to said plurality of monitoring ports for monitoring changes in resistivity at said monitoring ports to monitor changes in fluid phase and content in the molding sand body or for monitoring pressure at said monitoring ports;
the rotating device is arranged on the model main body and used for driving the model main body to rotate to a preset angle;
the upper plug structure is arranged at the first end and used for sealing the first end, an upper injection opening and a lower injection opening are axially and penetratingly arranged in a penetrating manner, and the upper injection opening and the lower injection opening are arranged at intervals along the upper-lower direction; the method comprises the steps of,
the lower plug structure is arranged at the second end and used for sealing the second end, a plurality of axial pressure injection ports and axial emptying ports which are distributed along the up-down direction are axially penetrated through the lower plug structure, the lower plug structure is arranged at one side of the axial pressure loading system opposite to the upper plug structure, and the axial pressure injection ports and the axial emptying ports are respectively communicated with the second cavity and used for injecting fluid into the second cavity or releasing fluid;
wherein the first cavity is filled with the molding sand body.
Preferably, CO in said gaseous-supercritical state 2 In the method for determining the buried quantity, the axial pressure loading system comprises the following steps:
the axial pressure loading structure is accommodated in the cylindrical cavity to divide the cylindrical cavity into the first cavity and the second cavity, and the extraction outlet is axially penetrated by the axial pressure loading structure; the method comprises the steps of,
the screen pressing plate is installed at the end part, close to the first end, of the axial pressure loading structure, and the screen pressing plate cover is arranged at the outer edge of the extraction outlet and is used for preventing particles of the molding sand body in the first cavity from entering and blocking the extraction outlet in the extraction process.
Preferably, CO in said gaseous-supercritical state 2 In the method for determining the buried quantity, the number of the monitoring ports is eight, and the eight monitoring ports are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the model main body.
Preferably, CO in said gaseous-supercritical state 2 In the method for determining the buried amount, the monitoring port is provided with a monitoring probe integrated with an electrode probe and a pressure sensor.
Preferably, CO in said gaseous-supercritical state 2 In the method for determining the buried amount, the CO in the gaseous-supercritical state is calculated for the water layer with a closed boundary or a constant pressure boundary 2 A step of embedding an amount, comprising:
for the water layer with a closed boundary, adopting a mode of only injection and not production, and setting the injection speed q for experiments to realize constant speed to CO through a gas flow controller 2 Injection of CO into upper injection port of buried model 2 The extraction port is closed and does not drain water in the process;
dynamically monitoring and recording multiple monitors in real timeResistivity and pressure data at the position of the measuring port, and CO is continuously injected 2 Until any one of the upper injection port and the plurality of monitoring ports reaches an upper limit pressure P U The injection is stopped and the injection time t is recorded. Standing the model, and respectively reading CO after the fluid and the pressure in the model are stable 2 Burying pressure data of a pressure point of the model;
for a water layer with a closed boundary, the upper limit pressure of the burying is P U At the time, CO in the gaseous-supercritical state 2 Buried quantity V C The method comprises the following steps:
V C is CO in a gaseous-supercritical state 2 Buried amount, sm 3 (20 ℃,1atm nominal volume, the same applies below);
q is CO 2 Injection rate sm 3 /min；
t is CO 2 Injection time, min;
V PVL is the pore volume, m of the sand body model 3 ；
For the storage pressure of->Time CO 2 Solubility sm in simulated formation water 3 /m 3 ；
S P CO at outlet back pressure P 2 Solubility sm in simulated formation water 3 /m 3 。
Preferably, CO in said gaseous-supercritical state 2 In the method for determining the buried amount, the CO in the gaseous-supercritical state is calculated for the water layer with a closed boundary or a constant pressure boundary 2 A step of embedding an amount, comprising:
for the water layer with constant pressure boundary, the pressure of the outlet end of the model is set as P, the constant pressure boundary condition is simulated, and the pressure of the shaft pressure loading system is set as P R Simulation ofOverburden pressure; by displacement from CO 2 Injection of CO into upper injection port of buried model 2 Control of CO 2 The injection rate is q and remains constant; from CO 2 The mining outlet of the buried model is used for mining stratum water and simulating CO 2 Reverse water invasion process of stratum water flowing to water body in the burying process;
dynamically monitoring and recording the position resistivity and pressure data of each measuring point in real time; tracking injected CO through multiple monitoring port resistivity data changes 2 Sweep the law. The average resistivity monitored by the monitoring port closest to the production port is reduced by a factor of 0.5 times the resistivity of the initial saturated formation water, and CO is injected 2 Stopping CO when the breakthrough from the extraction port is not yet made 2 And (5) injecting, and closing the extraction outlet valve. CO injected at this time 2 Reaching or approaching the recovery outlet but not yet breaking through from the recovery outlet, this process is used to simulate the actual water layer injected CO 2 A process of moving to the junction of the water layer and the water body but not entering the water body yet;
metering the accumulated water yield V WL Record CO 2 Injection time t. Standing the model for 1h, and respectively reading CO after the fluid and the pressure in the model are stable 2 Pressure data of pressure points (a plurality of monitoring ports, an upper injection port, and a mining outlet) of the buried model, in this embodiment, the pressure points include 8 pressure monitoring ports, an upper injection port, and a mining outlet, and an average value thereof is taken as CO 2 The burying pressure is recorded as. Aqueous layer gaseous-supercritical CO with constant pressure boundary 2 Buried quantity V C The method comprises the following steps:
V WL m for accumulating the water yield 3 ；
V C Is CO in a gaseous-supercritical state 2 Buried amount, sm 3 ；
q is CO 2 Injection rate sm 3 /min；
t is CO 2 Injection time, min;
V PVL is the pore volume, m of the sand body model 3 ；
For the storage pressure of->Time CO 2 Solubility sm in simulated formation water 3 /m 3 ；
S P CO at outlet back pressure P 2 Solubility sm in simulated formation water 3 /m 3 。
Preferably, CO in said gaseous-supercritical state 2 In the method for determining the buried amount, the method is characterized in that the method is used for determining the buried amount according to the CO in the gaseous-supercritical state 2 Plate with burial amount changing with temperature and pressure conditions, burial temperature of T, burial pressure of P and overburden pressure of P R When the mineralization degree of the stratum water is M, the gaseous-supercritical CO measured by an indoor experiment is obtained 2 Buried quantity V C Thereafter, the determining method further includes:
gaseous-supercritical CO in aqueous layers taking into account the effects of temperature, pressure and mineralization 2 The buried amount is recorded as V C-(P,T,M) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Gaseous-supercritical CO based on indoor experiment determination 2 Buried quantity V C The burying temperature is T, the burying pressure is P, and the mineralization degree of stratum water is M, so that the CO in the actual gas-supercritical state in the mine field 2 Buried quantity V C-(P,T,M) The calculation method comprises the following steps:
V C-(P,T,M) is the actual water layer gaseous-supercritical CO of the mine field 2 Buried amount, sm 3 ；
V C Determination of gaseous-supercritical CO for indoor experiments 2 Buried amount, sm 3 ；
V PVL Is the pore volume, m of the sand body model 3 ；
V PVR For the actual water layer pore volume of the mine, m 3 。
Preferably, CO in said gaseous-supercritical state 2 In the method for determining the buried amount, the CO is eliminated 2 Dissolving CO in the gaseous-supercritical state 2 A step of determining an effect of the result of the buried amount measurement, comprising:
overburden pressure P on a well-defined target aquifer R On the basis of (1) CO 2 The buried model is kept at the experimental set temperature T, CO 2 The pressure of the shaft pressure loading system of the buried model is set to be P R ；
By displacement from CO 2 Injection of saturated CO into the lower injection port of a buried model 2 The formation water is set to be P at the back pressure of the outlet end of the model, and CO-free is extracted from the extraction outlet 2 Is a water-based oil-based water;
saturated CO at cumulative injection of 10.0PV 2 Saturated CO is completed when stratum water 2 And (5) displacement of formation water.
Preferably, CO in said gaseous-supercritical state 2 In the method for determining the buried amount, the CO is eliminated 2 The ground reaction produces mineral precipitation to CO in the gaseous-supercritical state 2 A step of determining an effect of the result of the buried amount measurement, comprising:
at the completion of saturation of CO 2 After the stratum water replacement process, CO is added under the condition of experimental set temperature T 2 Standing the buried model under pressure to allow CO 2 Molded sand and dissolved CO in buried mold 2 Fully reacting; by displacement from CO 2 Reinjecting saturated CO into lower filling opening of buried model 2 Formation water and CO from the production outlet 2 The pressure of the shaft pressure loading system and the model outlet end in the process of the formation water after the geothermal reaction is respectively set as P R And P; cumulative injection of 10.0PV to complete saturation of CO 2 And (5) secondary displacement of formation water.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a CO 2 The method for determining the total buried water layer comprises the gaseous-supercritical CO 2 A method for determining the buried quantity.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method provided by the invention is used for measuring CO in a gaseous-supercritical state 2 Saturated CO is adopted in the process of embedding 2 Method of formation water displacement, thereby eliminating injection of CO 2 The effect of dissolution; saturated CO by pretreatment 2 The formation water and the molding sand are fully contacted and reacted, and sediment generated by the geochemical reaction is passed through saturated CO 2 Formation water secondary replacement discharge model effectively reduces subsequent gaseous-supercritical CO 2 The amount of sequestration was measured for the intensity of the localization reaction during the experiment.
Further, CO is filled 2 The quartz sand used in the buried model has single component, stable property and no cement, and the experimental time is shorter, so that the CO in the gaseous-supercritical state 2 CO during the inventory determination experiments 2 The mineralization blocking amount is negligible.
Further, the invention provides the gaseous supercritical state and the dissolved state CO in the water layer 2 Buried instances such as a water layer with an inclination angle, a water layer connected with open-edge bottom water, high-injection low-production gas injection drainage and the like which can be simulated by an experimental device for measuring buried quantity, and gaseous-supercritical CO 2 Buried quantity V C-(P,T,M) The assay calculation method is similar to the previous method and is not repeated here.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 shows the present invention for providing gaseous supercritical and dissolved CO in an aqueous layer 2 A cross-sectional view of an experimental apparatus for measuring the buried quantity.
FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of FIG. 1 at A;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the axial pressure loading system of FIG. 2 in another state;
FIG. 4 is a gaseous-supercritical CO 2 A pattern plate with the buried quantity changing along with the temperature and pressure conditions;
FIG. 5 is a dissolved CO 2 A map of the variation of the buried quantity along with the resistivity and mineralization degree of the stratum water;
FIG. 6 is CO in the aqueous layer 2 Schematic diagram of high-temperature reaction kettle for the geochemical reaction experiment;
FIG. 7 is mineralized solid CO 2 And a graph of the variation of the buried quantity with the time of the burying.
100-experiment device; 1-model body, 11-first end, 12-second end, 13-monitoring port, 14-cylindrical cavity, 141-first cavity, 142-second cavity, 2-axial loading system, 21-screen platen, 22-axial loading structure, 23-extraction port, 3-rotary device, 4-upper plug structure, 41-upper injection port, 42-lower injection port, 5-lower plug structure, 51-axial injection port, 52-axial pressure vent.
The achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.
Detailed Description
In the embodiment of the invention, the term "and/or" describes the association relation of the association objects, which means that three relations can exist, for example, a and/or B can be expressed as follows: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. The character "/" generally indicates that the context-dependent object is an "or" relationship.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims of the present invention and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.
The term "plurality" in embodiments of the present invention means two or more, and other adjectives are similar.
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that in various embodiments of the present invention, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the claimed technical solution of the present invention can be realized without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments. The following embodiments are divided for convenience of description, and should not be construed as limiting the specific implementation of the present invention, and the embodiments can be mutually combined and referred to without contradiction.
Example 1
The invention provides a gaseous supercritical state and dissolved state CO in a water layer 2 Experimental apparatus 100 for measuring the buried Compound level referring to FIGS. 1 to 3, the gaseous supercritical CO and the dissolved CO in the aqueous layer 2 The experimental device 100 for measuring the buried quantity comprises a cylindrical model main body 1, a shaft pressure loading system 2, a monitoring device, a rotating device 3, an upper plug structure 4 and a lower plug structure 5. The inside of the model main body 1 is provided with a cylindrical cavity 14, the cylindrical cavity 14 is provided with a first end 11 and a second end 12 which are positioned at two ends, the cylindrical cavity 14 is used for filling the model sand, and the outside of the model main body 1 is provided with a plurality of monitoring ports 13 in a penetrating way; the axial pressure loading system 2 is installed at the second end 12 and divides the cylindrical cavity 14 into a first cavity 141 and a second cavity 142, the axial pressure loading system 2 is provided with a mining outlet 23 in a penetrating way along the axial direction, the mining outlet 23 is communicated with the first cavity 141 and extends to the outside through the second cavity 142, and the axial pressure loading system 2 is used for applying an overlying pressure to the molding sand in the cylindrical cavity 14; monitoring means are installed at the plurality of monitoring ports 13 for monitoring the change in resistivity at the monitoring ports 13 to monitor the change in the phase and content of fluid in the molding sand body or for monitoring the pressure at the monitoring ports 13; the rotating device 3 is arranged on the model main body 1 and is used for driving the model main body 1 to rotate to a preset angle; the upper plug structure 4 is installed at the first end 11 and is used for sealing the first end 11, an upper injection opening 41 and a lower injection opening 42 are axially and penetratingly arranged on the upper plug structure 4, and the upper injection opening 41 and the lower injection opening 42 are arranged at intervals along the up-down direction; the lower plug structure 5 is arranged at the second end 12 and is used for sealing the second end 12, and the lower plug structure 5 is axially provided with a plurality of through holes The lower plug structure 5 is arranged at one side of the axial compression loading system 2 opposite to the upper plug structure 4, and the axial compression injection port 51 and the axial vent are respectively communicated with the second cavity 142 and are used for injecting fluid into the second cavity 142 or releasing fluid; wherein the first cavity 141 is filled with the molding sand.
The gaseous supercritical CO mentioned in the present invention 2 Refers to the continuous phase CO existing in the water-bearing layer in the gaseous state, the supercritical state or the mixed transition state of the gaseous state and the supercritical state and sealed by the reservoir structure 2 And dispersed phase CO remaining trapped in the pore throat 2 Is referred to as V C 。
In particular, the mould body 1 can be filled in a dry manner by selecting a mould sand body of a suitable mesh, for example quartz sand, i.e. the mould body 1 can also be understood as CO 2 And (5) embedding the model.
In the present embodiment, the model body 1 may be resistant to high concentration CO 2 And highly mineralized formation water corroding materials such as 316L stainless steel. In this embodiment, the cylindrical cavity 14 of the mold body 1 has an inner diameter of 5.0cm, a length of 50cm, and a total volume of the cavity of 0.982L. Preferably, the pressure resistance of the model main body 1 is at least 40Mpa, the high temperature resistance is at least 150 ℃, and the inner cavity of the model main body 1 is roughened to form a rough wall surface, so that the influence of wall surface flow is reduced.
Preferably, CO in the aqueous layer in a gaseous supercritical state and in a dissolved state 2 In the experimental device 100 for measuring the buried quantity, the axial loading system 2 includes an axial loading structure 22 and a screen pressing plate 21, the axial loading structure 22 is accommodated in the cylindrical cavity 14 to divide the cylindrical cavity 14 into the first cavity 141 and the second cavity 142, the axial loading structure 22 is axially penetrated with the outlet 23, the screen pressing plate 21 is mounted at an end of the axial loading structure 22 near the first end 11, and the screen pressing plate 21 is covered on an outer edge of the outlet 23 to prevent particles of the molding sand in the first cavity 141 from entering and blocking the outlet 23 during the extraction process. In addition, the screen pressing plate 21 can also be used forSo as to be laid over the entire end of the axial loading structure and extend to the inner wall of the cylindrical cavity 14, so that sand particles of the sand molded in the first cavity 141 during the movement of the axial loading structure 22 can be prevented from entering the gap between the axial loading structure 22 and the cylindrical cavity 14.
By applying an overburden pressure to the molded sand within the cylindrical cavity 14 via the axial pressure loading structure 22, the formation environment can be more realistically simulated. When pressure is injected through the axial pressure injection port 51, the hydraulic pressure may urge the axial pressure loading system 2 in a direction toward the first end 11, thereby achieving the effect of compacting the mold sand body to apply the overburden pressure. The shaft pressure injection port 51 and the shaft pressure relief port 52 respectively inject or discharge fluid into or from the second chamber 142 to achieve an increase or decrease in the hydraulic pressure in the second chamber 142 and to synchronously change the pressure in the first chamber 141 in the axial direction.
In the present embodiment, the number of the monitoring ports 13 is eight, and the eight monitoring ports 13 are uniformly arranged on the outside of the model body 1. The eight monitoring ports 13 may be arranged on the outer side of the model body 1 in two rows, or may be divided into a plurality of rows, which is specifically determined according to actual needs. The monitoring device can be a device for monitoring the resistivity change condition of the position of the monitoring port 13, for example, the monitoring probe can be a monitoring probe, the monitoring probe integrates an electrode probe and a pressure sensor, so that the monitoring probe can be matched with the monitoring port 13 for use, the monitoring probe integrated with the electrode probe and the pressure sensor is arranged at the monitoring port 13, and the resistivity change condition of the position of a measuring point can be dynamically monitored and recorded in real time, so that the change of the fluid phase state and the content in the sand body is reflected, and meanwhile, the pressure dynamic change rule of different parts of a model can be measured and recorded.
The rotating device 3 may be disposed in the middle of the mold body 1 to drive the mold body 1 to rotate, or may be disposed at other positions, and is not particularly limited herein. The rotation angle of the model body 1 driven by the rotation device 3 may be any angle of 0 to 360 degrees, and the rotation angle may be determined according to a specific experiment, for example, a simulation is performed on a stratum having a certain inclination angle, and the model body 1 may be rotated to the same inclination angle as the stratum by rotating the model body 1 by the rotation device 3. For example, continuously increase The inclination angle of the model body is close to or equal to 90 degrees, so that CO caused by gravity differentiation can be realized 2 Simulation of plume phenomena in formation water. In addition, CO is injected into the mold through the upper injection port 41 and the lower injection port 42, respectively 2 Can simulate the gravity difference of gas and water to inject CO 2 Influence of sweep law and buried amount.
Example 2
This example relates generally to gaseous-supercritical CO in aqueous layers taking into account the effects of temperature, pressure and mineralization 2 The method for measuring the buried memory. This example was based on example 1.
Wherein the CO is in a gaseous supercritical state 2 Also referring to embodiment 1, embodiment 2 includes all the contents of embodiment 1, and the same advantageous effects of embodiment 1 can be applied to embodiment 2.
The measuring method comprises the following steps:
(1) Simulating actual overburden and surrounding rock pressure in water layer
In a specific operation, a preset axial pressure is applied to the molded sand body injected into the mold main body 1 through the axial pressure loading system 2, and the actual overburden and surrounding rock pressures of the water layer are simulated.
In which the molding sand body 1 is filled with a proper number of molding sand bodies such as quartz sand, the mold body 1 is filled in a dry manner, that is, the mold body 1 can be also understood as CO 2 And (5) embedding the model.
(2) Simulated formation water, saturated CO 2 Formation water preparation
1) Preparation of simulated formation water
In specific implementation, deionized water with a first preset volume is selected, distilled and purified to remove electrolyte, non-electrolyte and dissolved CO 2 Injecting the water into a first storage tank for sealing and storing to obtain simulated water; and (3) taking a second storage tank for vacuumizing treatment, then injecting second preset volume of simulated water, adding mineral salt with corresponding mass, and magnetically stirring uniformly to prepare simulated formation water with the same mineral composition and mineralization degree as the target buried water layer.
2) Saturated CO 2 Formation water preparation
In the incubator, the formation temperature T is maintained, and the second storage tank storing simulated formation water is filled with excessive CO 2 And raising the pressure in the second storage tank to the experimental set pressure P, and continuously rotating at a slow speed (for example, rotating for 24 h) by using a rotating device to make CO 2 Fully contacting and dissolving the simulated formation water to reach a saturated state; resetting the second storage tank and discharging excess gaseous CO 2 Simultaneously, a back pressure system is used for keeping the pressure in the storage tank to be always kept at the experimental set pressure P, so that the saturated CO is completed 2 And (5) preparing stratum water.
3) Physical property experimental determination of molding sand
Adopts a vacuum-pumping saturation mode to carry out CO 2 The buried model was saturated with simulated formation water and the porosity of the model was measured. Then, simulated stratum water is injected into the model at a constant speed in a displacement mode, pressure changes at two ends of injection and production of the model are monitored and recorded, and the water permeability of the model is calculated, so that the CO of an indoor experiment can be compared 2 The differences of the seepage properties of the buried molding sand body and the rock holes of the target buried water layer ensure that the buried molding sand body and the target buried water layer are within a reasonable error range (so that whether the porosity and the seepage rate of the sand body are consistent with those of an actual mine reservoir or not can be judged). Wherein CO is 2 The buried model is the gaseous supercritical state and the dissolved state CO in the aqueous layer provided in example 1 2 An experimental apparatus 100 for measuring the amount of embedded material.
More specifically, the CO is saturated by vacuum pumping 2 The buried model is injected with saturated simulated formation water at the lower injection port 42 and CO is measured 2 Porosity of the buried model; then the simulated formation water is injected into the injection port 42 at a constant speed in a displacement mode, and CO is monitored and recorded 2 Pressure change of a plurality of monitoring ports 13 of the buried model, and CO is calculated 2 And measuring the permeability of the buried model water. Comparative laboratory experiment CO 2 The differences of the seepage properties of the buried molding sand body and the rock hole of the target buried water layer ensure that the buried molding sand body and the target buried water layer are within a reasonable error range.
4) CO elimination 2 Dissolving CO in the gaseous-supercritical state 2 Influence of the measurement result of the buried amount
Overburden formation on a well-defined target buried water layerPressure is P R On the basis of (1) CO 2 The buried model is kept at the experimental set temperature T, CO 2 The pressure of the shaft pressure loading system 2 of the buried model is set to be P R . By displacement from CO 2 Injection of saturated CO into the lower injection port 42 of the buried model 2 The formation water is set to the back pressure of the outlet end of the model as P, and CO-free is extracted from the extraction outlet 23 2 Is a stratum of (2) and (3) water. Typically 10.0PV saturated CO is injected in the accumulation 2 Saturated CO is completed when stratum water 2 Formation water displacement, so that CO can be eliminated 2 Dissolving CO in the gaseous-supercritical state 2 Influence of the measurement result of the amount of embedded material.
5) CO elimination 2 The ground reaction produces mineral precipitation to CO in the gaseous-supercritical state 2 Influence of the measurement result of the buried amount
Saturated CO in completing step 4) 2 After the stratum water replacement process, CO is added under the condition of experimental set temperature T 2 The buried model is pressurized (set pressure P of the axial pressure loading system 2 R And the set pressure P) at the outlet end of the model, standing (for example, standing for 48 h) to let CO 2 Molded sand and dissolved CO in buried mold 2 The reaction was completed. By displacement from CO 2 Reinjecting saturated CO into the lower injection port 42 of the buried model 2 Formation water and CO from the production port 23 2 The pressure of the shaft pressure loading system 2 and the pressure of the model outlet end are respectively set as P in the process of the formation water after the geothermal reaction R And P. Cumulative injection of 10.0PV to complete saturation of CO 2 Secondary displacement of formation water, thus eliminating CO 2 The ground reaction produces mineral precipitation to CO in the gaseous-supercritical state 2 Influence of the measurement result of the amount of embedded material.
6) Calculation of CO2 sequestration in the gaseous-supercritical state of a water layer with closed boundaries
For the water layer with a closed boundary, adopting a mode of only injection and not production, and setting the injection speed q for experiments to realize constant speed to CO through a gas flow controller 2 Upper injection port 41 of buried model for injecting CO 2 The outlet 23 is closed against water discharge during this process.
Dynamically monitoring and recording 13 positions of a plurality of monitoring ports in real timeResistivity and pressure data (in particular, may be monitored by a monitoring probe integrated with an electrode probe and a pressure sensor, but may also be monitored by other monitoring means in other embodiments). Continuous CO injection 2 Until any one of the upper injection port 41 and the plurality of monitoring ports 13 reaches the upper limit pressure P U The injection is stopped and the injection time t is recorded. Standing the model (usually for 1 h), and respectively reading CO after the fluid and pressure in the model are stabilized 2 Pressure data of pressure points (a plurality of monitor ports 13 and upper injection ports 41, and extraction ports 23) of the buried model, in the present embodiment, the pressure points include 8 pressure monitor ports 13, upper injection ports 41, and extraction ports 23, and an average value thereof is taken as CO 2 The burying pressure is recorded as
For a water layer with a closed boundary, the upper limit pressure of the burying is P U At the time, CO in the gaseous-supercritical state 2 Buried quantity V C The method comprises the following steps:
V C is CO in a gaseous-supercritical state 2 Buried amount, sm 3 (20 ℃,1atm nominal volume, the same applies below);
q is CO 2 Injection rate sm 3 /min；
t is CO 2 Injection time, min;
V PVL is the pore volume, m of the sand body model 3 ；
For the storage pressure of->Time CO 2 Solubility sm in simulated formation water 3 /m 3 ；
S P CO at outlet back pressure P 2 In simulated formation waterSolubility sm 3 /m 3 。
7) Aqueous layer with constant pressure boundary, gaseous-supercritical CO 2 Calculation of the buried quantity
For the water layer with constant pressure boundary, the pressure at the outlet end of the model was set to P, the constant pressure boundary condition was simulated, and the pressure of the shaft pressure loading system 2 was set to P R Overburden pressure is simulated. By displacement from CO 2 Upper injection port 41 of buried model for injecting CO 2 Control of CO 2 Injection rate q (e.g. control of CO by a gas flow controller 2 Injection rate) and remain constant. From CO 2 The mining outlet 23 of the buried model is used for mining stratum water and simulating CO 2 And (3) a reverse water invasion process of stratum water flowing to the water body in the burying process.
The resistivity and pressure data at each measuring point position can be dynamically monitored and recorded in real time (specifically, the monitoring probe with the integrated electrode probe and pressure sensor can be used for monitoring through other monitoring devices in other embodiments). Tracking injected CO through multiple monitoring ports 13 resistivity data changes 2 Sweep the law. The average resistivity monitored by the monitoring port 13 closest to the production port 23 drops to 0.5 times the resistivity of the initial saturated formation water and CO is injected 2 Stopping CO when the breakthrough from the extraction port 23 is not yet made 2 Injection, closing the outlet 23 valve. CO injected at this time 2 Reaching or approaching the outlet 23 but not yet breaking through from the outlet 23, this process is used to simulate the actual water layer injected CO 2 And (3) a process of moving to the junction of the water layer and the water body but not entering the water body.
Metering the accumulated water yield V WL Record CO 2 Injection time t. Standing the model for 1h, and respectively reading CO after the fluid and the pressure in the model are stable 2 Pressure data of pressure points (a plurality of monitor ports 13 and upper injection ports 41, and extraction ports 23) of the buried model, in the present embodiment, the pressure points include 8 pressure monitor ports 13, upper injection ports 41, and extraction ports 23, and an average value thereof is taken as CO 2 The burying pressure is recorded asAqueous layer gaseous-supercritical CO with constant pressure boundary 2 Buried quantity V C The method comprises the following steps:
wherein V is WL M for accumulating the water yield 3 ；
V C Is CO in a gaseous-supercritical state 2 Buried amount, sm 3 (20 ℃,1atm nominal volume, the same applies below);
q is CO 2 Injection rate sm 3 /min；
t is CO 2 Injection time, min;
V PVL is the pore volume, m of the sand body model 3 ；
For the storage pressure of->Time CO 2 Solubility sm in simulated formation water 3 /m 3 ；
S P CO at outlet back pressure P 2 Solubility sm in simulated formation water 3 /m 3 。
8) Gaseous-supercritical CO 2 Plate with buried quantity changing with temperature and pressure condition
By using the method, according to actual CO of the mine 2 Different burying conditions, changing experimental temperature and pressure, and measuring a series of gaseous-supercritical CO 2 Buried quantity data; interpolation processing is carried out on the data to obtain the gaseous-supercritical CO 2 A plate with a buried level varying with temperature and pressure conditions is shown in fig. 4.
9) According to the gaseous-supercritical state CO 2 Plate with burial amount changing with temperature and pressure conditions, burial temperature of T, burial pressure of P and overburden pressure of P R When the mineralization degree of the stratum water is M, the gaseous-supercritical CO measured by an indoor experiment is obtained 2 Buried quantity V C 。
Aiming at the actual temperature and pressure conditions of any water layer on site, the corresponding gaseous-supercritical CO measured by the indoor experiment can be obtained through a determined plate (such as the plate of FIG. 4) 2 Buried amount. Further, changing the mineralization degree of the stratum water, repeating the experimental process to obtain a series of plates, and finally forming gaseous-supercritical CO in the water layer considering the influences of temperature, pressure and mineralization degree 2 A series of buried-scale plates.
Applied to field practice, the gaseous-supercritical CO in the water layer is considered to be influenced by temperature, pressure and mineralization degree 2 The buried amount is recorded as V C-(P,T,M) . Gaseous-supercritical CO based on the foregoing indoor experimental determination 2 Buried quantity V C The burying temperature is T, the burying pressure is P, and the mineralization degree of stratum water is M, so that the CO in the actual gas-supercritical state in the mine field 2 Buried quantity V C-(P,T,M) The calculation method comprises the following steps:
V C-(P,T,M) is the actual water layer gaseous-supercritical CO of the mine field 2 Buried amount, sm 3 ；
V C Determination of gaseous-supercritical CO for indoor experiments 2 Buried amount, sm 3 ；
V PVL Is the pore volume, m of the sand body model 3 ；
V PVR For the actual water layer pore volume of the mine, m 3 。
The method provided by the invention is used for measuring CO in a gaseous-supercritical state 2 Saturated CO is adopted in the process of embedding 2 Method of formation water displacement, thereby eliminating injection of CO 2 The effect of dissolution; saturated CO by pretreatment 2 The formation water and the molding sand are fully contacted and reacted, and sediment generated by the geochemical reaction is passed through saturated CO 2 Formation water secondary replacement discharge model effectively reduces subsequent gaseous-supercritical CO 2 Localization reactions during inventory determination experimentsStrength.
Further, CO is filled 2 The quartz sand used in the buried model has single component, stable property and no cement, and the experimental time is shorter, so that the CO in the gaseous-supercritical state 2 CO during the inventory determination experiments 2 The mineralization blocking amount is negligible.
Further, the invention provides the gaseous supercritical state and the dissolved state CO in the water layer 2 Buried instances such as a water layer with an inclination angle, a water layer connected with open-edge bottom water, high-injection low-production gas injection drainage and the like, which can be simulated by the experimental device 100 for measuring the buried amount, and gaseous-supercritical CO 2 Buried quantity V C-(P,T,M) The assay calculation method is similar to the previous method and is not repeated here.
Example 3
To realize dissolved CO in the water layer 2 The invention provides a method for rapidly, accurately and efficiently measuring the buried quantity, which is based on resistivity method for dissolving CO in formation water 2 The method for measuring and calculating the buried quantity. CO 2 Form carbonic acid after dissolving in stratum water and H formed after ionization + And HCO 3 - The ion content in the formation water is increased, and the resistivity of the formation water is reduced. Thus, dissolved CO in formation water may be reacted by monitoring formation water resistivity changes 2 The amount of burial varies. Formation water dissolved CO based on resistivity method 2 The method for measuring and calculating the buried quantity comprises the following steps:
1) Model arrangement
The experimental apparatus 100 provided in example 1 was rotated by 90 ° counterclockwise by the rotation apparatus 3 so that the injection ends (the upper injection port 41 and the lower injection port 42) were in a standing state with the extraction port 23 on the bottom.
A monitoring probe integrated with an electrode probe and a pressure sensor is mounted to the plurality of monitoring ports 13. In this embodiment, the number of the monitoring ports 13 is 8, and may be specifically determined according to the need. In the following, for convenience of explanation, the monitoring port 13 is provided with a monitoring probe integrated with an electrode probe and a pressure sensor.
2) Simulated water resistivity calibration
To CO 2 Injection into the lower injection port 42 of the buried model removes electrolyte, non-electrolyte and dissolved CO 2 Through CO 2 The mining outlet 23 of the buried model discharges excessive simulated water. And monitoring the resistivity of each measuring point through an electrode probe, averaging, and completing the simulated water resistivity calibration as a resistivity reference value when the mineralization degree of the stratum water is 0.
The model is injected with simulated formation water having a set mineral composition and mineralization to complete the displacement of the simulated formation water (typically requiring a continuous displacement of 10.0 PV). The resistivity of each monitoring port 13 was monitored as CO by electrode probe 2 And (5) the resistivity reference value when the solubility is 0, and the simulated formation water resistivity calibration is completed.
For convenience of explanation, the monitoring ports 13 are taken as 8 examples, but the monitoring ports 13 are not limited to 8. The valve of the extraction port 23 is closed, and a monitoring probe integrated with an electrode probe and a pressure sensor is installed therein, and a total of 9 monitoring points are formed with the monitoring ports 13 on both sides of the model. CO 2 During the injection process, the axial pressure loading system 2 keeps the model axial pressure always to be the set overburden pressure P R . The experimental temperature is kept to be the actual buried water layer temperature T by an incubator, in particular, CO can be obtained 2 The buried model is placed in a constant temperature box.
3) Dissolved CO 2 Calculation of the buried quantity
From the lower inlet 42 to CO 2 The buried model injects CO with a set volume DeltaV 2 (the constant speed injection can be controlled by a gas flow controller during specific injection); monitoring the resistivity and pressure changes of the extraction ports 23 and the plurality of monitoring ports 13; standing the model for a preset time (for example, 24 h) after the injection is completed, and injecting CO 2 Fully dissolved in simulated formation water and injected with CO by known volume of formation water 2 Volumetric calculation of dissolved CO 2 Buried amount. By monitoring the extraction port 23 and a plurality of monitoring ports 13 and recording CO 2 And fully dissolving the resistivity of the formation water after stabilization.
In a stepwise increasing manner (namely multiple injections) to CO 2 In a buried modelContinuing to inject the DeltaV volume of CO 2 Repeating the experimental process to obtain CO in a state of being dissolved 2 The amount of burial increases, and the resistivity and the change of each measurement point (the extraction port 23 and the plurality of monitoring ports 13) are increased. Further, obtaining the dissolved CO in the simulated formation water 2 Mapping relation between two data sequences of the buried quantity and the formation water resistivity.
In addition, when the resistivity of the upper measuring point (the measuring point near the extraction port 23) of the model is significantly abnormal, it is indicated that CO is generated at this time 2 After the simulated formation water has been fully saturated, CO is injected 2 Is distributed in a gaseous or supercritical state in the upper part of the model under the influence of gravity differentiation, resulting in an abnormal increase in resistivity thereat. On the one hand, this phenomenon can be regarded as CO 2 In simulating the basis of complete saturation in formation water, on the other hand, the abnormal points are removed when calculating the average resistivity.
4) Dissolved CO 2 Map board for changing buried quantity along with formation water resistivity and mineralization degree
The above experimental procedure was repeated for formation waters of different mineralization having the same mineral composition. Thereby obtaining the dissolved CO under the conditions of different mineralization degrees 2 Mapping relation between the buried amount and the formation water resistivity. Formation water resistivity-formation water mineralization-dissolved CO 2 The buried data are arranged, summarized and interpolated to obtain dissolved CO 2 The map of the variation of the buried amount with the resistivity and mineralization of the formation water is shown in fig. 5.
In the present invention, the dissolved CO is mentioned 2 Refers to CO dissolved in mineralized formation water and continuously present in a dissolved state 2 The total volume is denoted as V S . Based on resistivity method, dissolved CO in formation water is determined through indoor experiment 2 The method for embedding the material comprises the following steps: (1) At the target buried water layer temperature T, overburden pressure P R Under the conditions of the landfill pressure P, the formation water mineral composition and the mineralization degree, the water layer CO with a closed/constant pressure boundary is prepared by adopting the method of the embodiment 2 2 Buried quantity measuring method, developing CO 2 And (5) carrying out a buried experiment. The difference is that saturation and secondary substitution at this timeAll are free of CO 2 Is used for simulating formation water; (2) Waiting for CO 2 After injection was completed, the CO was measured after the fluid distribution was stabilized 2 Resistivity of formation water; (3) The graph plate shown in figure 5 can be searched according to the formation water resistivity and mineralization degree to obtain the CO under the conditions of corresponding temperature, pressure and mineralization degree 2 Dissolving and embedding quantity V in stratum water S 。
5) Dissolved CO 2 Buried quantity V S-(P,T,M)
Dissolved CO based on the above determination 2 Graph plate of variation of buried quantity along with resistivity and mineralization degree of stratum water, and determined dissolved state CO of indoor experimental sand filling model 2 Buried quantity V S ；
According to the burying temperature T and the overburden pressure P R The actual water layer of the mining field with the burying pressure of P and the mineralization degree of stratum water of M is used for calculating the dissolved CO 2 Buried quantity V S-(P,T,M) The calculation formula is as follows:
V S-(P,T,M) in the state of CO dissolved in the actual water layer of the mine 2 Buried amount, sm 3 ；
V S Determination of dissolved CO for indoor experiments 2 Buried amount, sm 3 ；
V PVL Is the pore volume, m of the sand body model 3 ；
V WL For accumulating the water yield of the sand body model, m 3 ；
V PVR For the actual water layer pore volume of the mine, m 3 ；
V WR Accumulating water discharge amount for actual water layer of mine field, m 3 。
The invention constructs the dissolved CO based on the resistivity method 2 Graph version of variation of buried quantity along with resistivity and mineralization degree of formation water can realize dissolved CO under arbitrary buried temperature, pressure and formation water mineralization degree by combining with calculation formula of buried quantity 2 Buried quantity V S-(P,T,M) Measuring and calculating; further, the methodTakes into account CO 2 Determination of buried memory under saturated and unsaturated states realizes dissolved CO in water layer 2 And (3) quick, accurate and efficient determination and calculation of the buried quantity.
Example 4
CO 2 Mineralized solid state sequestration is CO 2 One of the important mechanisms of water layer burial is CO 2 The rate at which the chemical reaction occurs after injection into the aqueous layer is relatively slow, often taking decades or hundreds of years to produce a significant sequestering effect. Therefore, the reactants and products involved in the localization reaction in a short time are all trace, and the CO is measured by an indoor experiment 2 When mineralizing the sealing amount, great difficulty exists.
One of the main factors influencing the geochemical reaction is the contact area of the reactants on the premise that the temperature, the pressure and the composition of the reactants (rock sample and formation water) are identical. The large amount of minerals in the rock framework of the underground aquifer are effectively communicated with the stratum water without pores, so that the minerals are fully contacted with the stratum water, thereby leading to the dissolved CO in the stratum water 2 The chemical reaction with the rock mineral cannot be sufficiently generated. Thus, CO 2 The rate of the formation reaction after injection into the aqueous layer is relatively slow, CO 2 The mineralized solid-state sealing quantity indoor experiment has high determination difficulty and larger error. In order to increase the rate of the ground reaction, the rock sample is crushed and ground to form rock sample powder, and the contact area of mineral particles and stratum water is increased, so that the content and the change of the ground reaction product are conveniently measured by an indoor experiment. On the basis, the same specific surface area of rock mineral is adopted for calibrating and mapping reaction CO through indoor experiments 2 The mass of the solid product can be deduced and calculated to mineralize solid CO under the conditions of the same actual temperature, pressure, mineral composition and mineralization degree of the mine 2 Buried amount.
In particular, the invention provides mineralized solid CO with equal specific surface area calibration 2 The method for measuring and calculating the buried quantity specifically comprises the following steps:
1) Determination of specific surface area of block and powder samples by probe gas adsorption isotherm method
In particular for on-site CO 2 Drilling and coring the target buried water layerTo a cylindrical rock sample, the specific surface area of the rock sample is measured by adopting a probe gas adsorption isotherm method, namely the specific surface area of a porous medium of a target buried water layer is recorded as S C . The rock sample is ground into powder with the particle size set in the experiment, the specific surface area of the ground rock sample is measured by the same method and is recorded as S L 。
More specifically, the measured specific surface area of the bulk and powdery samples includes the measured specific surface area S of the bulk sample C Specific surface area S of powdery sample L 。
2) Laboratory experiment CO 2 Solid product mass determination for geochemical reactions
Laboratory experiment CO 2 The step of determining the mass of the solid product of the geochemical reaction comprises the following steps:
placing the ground rock sample powder into a reaction kettle;
vacuumizing the reaction kettle;
injecting simulated formation water into the reaction kettle until the accumulated injection volume is a preset multiple of the volume of the reaction kettle, and stopping injection;
Placing the reaction kettle in a constant temperature environment, keeping the temperature of the constant temperature environment to be the actual buried water layer temperature T, and injecting CO into the reaction kettle 2 Stopping injection until the pressure in the reaction kettle reaches the actual water-embedding layer pressure P, and maintaining the pressure at the actual water-embedding layer pressure P;
stirring the fluid-solid mixture in the reaction kettle to fully contact and fully react the mineral powder and the formation water, and measuring the ion type and content change of the formation water after the reaction;
based on CO 2 The ion type and content change in the stratum water before and after the geochemical reaction, deducing the chemical equation and reaction product of the geochemical reaction, thus calculating and obtaining the indoor experiment CO 2 The quality of the solid product of the geochemical reaction;
specifically, the ground rock sample powder was placed in a high temperature reaction kettle (as shown in fig. 6). And vacuumizing the reaction kettle for 2 hours through an air injection and exhaust pipeline, so as to eliminate the influence of air in the reaction kettle. The simulated formation water having the same mineral composition and mineralization degree as the target buried water layer was prepared using the simulated formation water preparation method described in the above examples. Injecting simulated formation water into the reaction kettle through a water injection pipeline, and stopping injection when the accumulated injection volume is 0.8 times of the volume of the reaction kettle;
and (3) placing the reaction kettle into a split type incubator, and keeping the temperature of the incubator to be the actual buried water layer temperature T. CO is injected into the reaction kettle through the injection and exhaust pipe 2 Stopping injecting until the pressure in the reaction kettle reaches the actual water layer burying pressure P; CO conditioning by pressure tracking pump and pressure sensor 2 Injecting or discharging, and keeping the pressure in the reaction kettle at the actual pressure P level of the buried water layer in the experimental process;
the mixture is stirred at a low speed in the reaction kettle by a magnetic stirring device, so that the mineral powder and the stratum water are fully contacted and fully reacted. The experiment was continuously performed for 30 days, and samples of formation water in the reaction vessel were taken through sampling ports with a sampler every 5 days. Measuring ion species and content change in the formation water after the reaction by using an Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) spectrometer;
based on CO 2 The ion type and content change in the stratum water before and after the geochemical reaction, deducing the chemical equation and reaction product of the geochemical reaction, thus calculating and obtaining the indoor experiment CO 2 The mass of solid products of the geochemical reaction, i.e. laboratory CO 2 Solid state sealing quality.
The reaction vessel may be a reaction vessel as shown in fig. 6, or a conventional reaction vessel may be used, and is not particularly limited herein.
3) In situ actual CO 2 Mineralized solid CO in the process of burying 2 Buried quantity calculation
The on-site actual CO 2 Mineralized solid CO in the process of burying 2 The method for calculating the buried quantity specifically comprises the following steps:
calculating laboratory experiment CO 2 The solid state sealing mass is converted into the gas volume under the standard condition and is marked as G L I.e. solid-state sequestration of CO by the geochemical reaction as measured in a laboratory 2 Volume G L ；
Based on the measurement results of different moments, mineralized solid CO can be drawn 2 A time-dependent buried amount curve (see fig. 7);
to mineralized solid CO 2 Regression processing is carried out on the relation curve and the data of the time-dependent change of the buried quantity, and CO can be obtained 2 The regression formula of the buried quantity along with the change of the buried time realizes the CO 2 Mineralized solid CO in the process of burying 2 And (5) predicting the buried quantity.
In the present invention, the mineralized solid CO 2 Refers to CO dissolved in formation water and encapsulated in the reservoir in solid form by chemical reaction with minerals in the reservoir rock or fluid to form a mineral precipitate 2 The converted volume is recorded as V D 。
More specifically, CO measured by an indoor experiment is obtained by adopting a method with equal specific surface area 2 Mineralized solid state buried quantity applied to on-site actual CO 2 Mineralized solid CO buried in water layer 2 Calculation of the amount of storage, specifically, based on the measured specific surface areas of bulk and powdery samples, and on the laboratory test CO 2 The mass of solid products of the geochemical reaction is calculated to calculate the actual CO in situ 2 Mineralized solid CO in the process of burying 2 The buried amount is calculated as shown in formula (5).
V D As in-situ actual CO 2 Mineralized solid CO in the process of burying 2 Buried amount, sm 3 ；
G L Solid-state sequestration of CO by geochemical reactions for laboratory determination 2 Volume sm 3 ；
S L For the specific surface area, m, of the ground rock sample measured in the laboratory 2 /kg；
M L Putting the mass of rock sample powder in a high-temperature reaction kettle in the experimental process, and kg;
S C specific surface area of porous medium of target buried water layer, m 2 /kg；
M R The mass of the rock framework of the buried water layer is kg.
Based on the above flowThe mineralized solid CO is firstly subjected to indoor experiments 2 The buried quantity is calibrated, and then the principle of equal specific surface area is adopted to be popularized to the actual mineralization of solid CO on site 2 The buried quantity is calculated to be mineralized solid CO with equal specific surface area calibration 2 The method for measuring and calculating the buried quantity. By using the method, mineralized solid CO corresponding to different burying times under the conditions of actual complex temperature and pressure on site and mineralized formation water can be obtained by changing the experimental temperature T, the burying pressure P, the mineralization degree M of formation water and the burying time T 2 Buried quantity V D-(P,T,M,t) 。
Example 5
In the practical mining field application process, CO 2 The total buried water layer is gaseous-supercritical, dissolved and mineralized solid CO 2 And the sum of the buried amounts. Based on the above embodiment, CO 2 The total water layer buried storage amount calculating method comprises the following steps:
V (P,T,M,t) ＝V C-(P,T,M) +V S-(P,T,M) +V D-(P,T,M,t) (6)
V (P,T,M,t) is CO 2 The total buried water layer, sm 3 ；
V C-(P,T,M) Is CO in a gaseous-supercritical state 2 Buried amount, sm 3 ；
V S-(P,T,M) In the dissolved state of CO 2 Buried amount, sm 3 ；
V D-(P,T,M,t) To mineralize solid CO 2 Buried amount, sm 3 。
By the formula (6), the CO can be calculated when the burial temperature is T, the burial pressure is P, the mineralization degree of the stratum water is M and the burial time is T 2 The total amount of the water layer is buried.
The invention uses CO in a gaseous supercritical state and a dissolved state in a water layer 2 The experimental device 100 for measuring the buried quantity is characterized in that a cylindrical cavity 14 is arranged in the model main body 1, the cylindrical cavity 14 is provided with a first end 11 and a second end 12 which are positioned at two ends, the cylindrical cavity 14 is used for filling a molding sand body, and a plurality of monitoring ports 13 are penetrated on the outer side of the model main body 1; an axial compression loading system 2 is mounted at the second end 12 and divides the cylindrical cavity 14The axial pressure loading system 2 is provided with a mining outlet 23 along the axial direction, the mining outlet 23 is communicated with the first cavity 141 and extends to the outside through the second cavity 142, and the axial pressure loading system 2 is used for applying an overlying pressure to the molding sand in the cylindrical cavity 14; monitoring means are installed at the plurality of monitoring ports 13 for monitoring the change in resistivity at the monitoring ports 13 to monitor the change in the phase and content of fluid in the molding sand body or for monitoring the pressure at the monitoring ports 13; the rotating device 3 is arranged on the model main body 1 and is used for driving the model main body 1 to rotate to a preset angle; the upper plug structure 4 is installed at the first end 11 and is used for sealing the first end 11, an upper injection opening 41 and a lower injection opening 42 are axially and penetratingly arranged on the upper plug structure 4, and the upper injection opening 41 and the lower injection opening 42 are arranged at intervals along the up-down direction; the lower plug structure 5 is installed at the second end 12 and is used for sealing the second end 12, the lower plug structure 5 is axially provided with a plurality of axial compression injection ports 51 and axial emptying ports which are arranged along the up-down direction in a penetrating manner, the lower plug structure 5 is arranged at one side of the axial compression loading system 2 opposite to the upper plug structure 4, and the axial compression injection ports 51 and the axial emptying ports are respectively communicated with the second cavity 142 and are used for injecting fluid into the second cavity 142 or releasing fluid; wherein the first cavity 141 is filled with the molding sand so that CO under different occurrence conditions can be considered 2 Experiment of the buried amount.
Further, the invention provides CO under the influence of temperature, pressure and mineralization degree 2 Gaseous-supercritical state, dissolved state and mineralized solid CO in water layer burial 2 Buried quantity indoor experiment determination method and mine site CO 2 Buried quantity prediction method for solving CO under complex temperature, pressure and fluid conditions 2 Buried quantity measurement problem, realizing gaseous-supercritical state, dissolved state and mineralized solid CO 2 Accurate measurement of the buried quantity of different occurrence states, so that CO 2 The buried quantity measuring method is more physical and chemical, clear and systematic. Further applied to the field of mines, realizes the CO of water layers with arbitrary depth 2 And the buried quantity is rapidly, accurately and efficiently predicted. The invention advancesOne step perfects CO 2 The buried technology system is CO 2 Laboratory experiments and field practices provide effective technical support.
It will be apparent that the embodiments described above are merely some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make other different changes or modifications without making any creative effort, which shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Gaseous-supercritical CO 2 The method for determining the buried quantity is characterized by comprising the following steps:
adopts a vacuum-pumping saturation mode to carry out CO 2 The buried model was saturated with simulated formation water and the porosity of the model was measured. Then injecting simulated stratum water into the model at a constant speed in a displacement mode, monitoring and recording pressure changes at two ends of injection and production of the model, and calculating the water permeability of the model;
CO elimination 2 Dissolving CO in the gaseous-supercritical state 2 Influence of the measurement result of the buried quantity;
CO elimination 2 The ground reaction produces mineral precipitation to CO in the gaseous-supercritical state 2 Influence of the measurement result of the buried quantity;
for a water layer with a closed boundary or constant pressure boundary, calculating gaseous-supercritical CO 2 A buried amount;
according to the calculated gaseous-supercritical state CO 2 Buried quantity, construction of gaseous-supercritical CO 2 A plate with the buried quantity changing along with the temperature and pressure conditions;
according to the gaseous-supercritical state CO 2 Plate with burial amount changing with temperature and pressure conditions, burial temperature of T, burial pressure of P and overburden pressure of P R When the mineralization degree of the stratum water is M, the gaseous-supercritical CO measured by an indoor experiment is obtained 2 Buried quantity V C ；
Wherein the CO 2 The buried model includes:
the device comprises a cylindrical model main body, a plurality of monitoring ports and a plurality of monitoring ports, wherein the cylindrical model main body is internally provided with a cylindrical cavity, the cylindrical cavity is provided with a first end and a second end which are positioned at two ends, the cylindrical cavity is used for filling a molding sand body, and the outer side of the model main body is penetrated with the plurality of monitoring ports;
The axial pressure loading system is arranged at the second end and divides the cylindrical cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity, a mining outlet is axially penetrated through the axial pressure loading system, the mining outlet is communicated with the first cavity and extends to the outside through the second cavity, and the axial pressure loading system is used for applying an overlying pressure to the molding sand in the cylindrical cavity;
monitoring means mounted to said plurality of monitoring ports for monitoring changes in resistivity at said monitoring ports to monitor changes in fluid phase and content in the molding sand body or for monitoring pressure at said monitoring ports;
the rotating device is arranged on the model main body and used for driving the model main body to rotate to a preset angle;
the upper plug structure is arranged at the first end and used for sealing the first end, an upper injection opening and a lower injection opening are axially and penetratingly arranged in a penetrating manner, and the upper injection opening and the lower injection opening are arranged at intervals along the upper-lower direction; the method comprises the steps of,
the lower plug structure is arranged at the second end and used for sealing the second end, a plurality of axial pressure injection ports and axial emptying ports which are distributed along the up-down direction are axially penetrated through the lower plug structure, the lower plug structure is arranged at one side of the axial pressure loading system opposite to the upper plug structure, and the axial pressure injection ports and the axial emptying ports are respectively communicated with the second cavity and used for injecting fluid into the second cavity or releasing fluid;
Wherein the first cavity is filled with the molding sand body.
2. The gaseous-supercritical CO of claim 1 2 The method for determining the buried quantity is characterized in that the axial pressure loading system comprises the following steps:
the axial pressure loading structure is accommodated in the cylindrical cavity to divide the cylindrical cavity into the first cavity and the second cavity, and the extraction outlet is axially penetrated by the axial pressure loading structure; the method comprises the steps of,
the screen pressing plate is installed at the end part, close to the first end, of the axial pressure loading structure, and the screen pressing plate cover is arranged at the outer edge of the extraction outlet and is used for preventing particles of the molding sand body in the first cavity from entering and blocking the extraction outlet in the extraction process.
3. The gaseous-supercritical CO of claim 1 2 The method for determining the buried quantity is characterized in that the number of the monitoring ports is eight, and the eight monitoring ports are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the model main body.
4. The gaseous-supercritical CO of claim 1 2 The method for determining the buried quantity is characterized in that the monitoring port is provided with a monitoring probe integrated with an electrode probe and a pressure sensor.
5. The gaseous-supercritical CO of claim 1 2 The method for determining the buried amount is characterized in that the method calculates the CO in the gaseous-supercritical state for the water layer with a closed boundary or a constant pressure boundary 2 A step of embedding an amount, comprising:
for the water layer with a closed boundary, adopting a mode of only injection and not production, and setting the injection speed q for experiments to realize constant speed to CO through a gas flow controller 2 Injection of CO into upper injection port of buried model 2 The extraction port is closed and does not drain water in the process;
dynamically monitoring and recording resistivity and pressure data of a plurality of monitoring ports in real time, and continuously injecting CO 2 Until any one of the upper injection port and the plurality of monitoring ports reaches an upper limit pressure P U The injection is stopped and the injection time t is recorded. Standing the model, and respectively reading CO after the fluid and the pressure in the model are stable 2 Burying a pressure point of the model;
for a water layer with a closed boundary, the upper limit pressure of the burying is P U At the time, CO in the gaseous-supercritical state 2 Buried quantity V C The method comprises the following steps:
V C is CO in a gaseous-supercritical state 2 Buried amount, sm 3 (20 ℃,1atm nominal volume, the same applies below);
q is CO 2 Injection rate sm 3 /min；
t is CO 2 Injection time, min;
V PVL is the pore volume, m of the sand body model 3 ；
For the storage pressure of->Time CO 2 Solubility sm in simulated formation water 3 /m 3 ；
S P CO at outlet back pressure P 2 Solubility sm in simulated formation water 3 /m 3 。
6. The gaseous-supercritical CO of claim 1 2 The method for determining the buried amount is characterized in that the method calculates the CO in the gaseous-supercritical state for the water layer with a closed boundary or a constant pressure boundary 2 A step of embedding an amount, comprising:
for the water layer with constant pressure boundary, the pressure of the outlet end of the model is set as P, the constant pressure boundary condition is simulated, and the pressure of the shaft pressure loading system is set as P R Simulating overburden pressure; by displacement from CO 2 Injection of CO into upper injection port of buried model 2 Control of CO 2 The injection rate is q and remains constant; from CO 2 The mining outlet of the buried model is used for mining stratum water and simulating CO 2 Reverse water invasion process of stratum water flowing to water body in the burying process;
dynamically monitoring and recording the position resistivity and pressure data of each measuring point in real time; tracking injected CO through multiple monitoring port resistivity data changes 2 Sweep the law. The average resistivity monitored by the monitoring port closest to the production port is reduced by a factor of 0.5 times the resistivity of the initial saturated formation water, and CO is injected 2 Stopping CO when the breakthrough from the extraction port is not yet made 2 And (5) injecting, and closing the extraction outlet valve. CO injected at this time 2 Reaching or approaching the recovery outlet but not yet breaking through from the recovery outlet, this process is used to simulate the actual water layer injected CO 2 A process of moving to the junction of the water layer and the water body but not entering the water body yet;
metering the accumulated water yield V WL Record CO 2 Injection time t. Standing the model for 1h, and respectively reading CO after the fluid and the pressure in the model are stable 2 Pressure data of pressure points (a plurality of monitoring ports, an upper injection port, and a mining outlet) of the buried model, in this embodiment, the pressure points include 8 pressure monitoring ports, an upper injection port, and a mining outlet, and an average value thereof is taken as CO 2 The burying pressure is recorded asAqueous layer gaseous-supercritical CO with constant pressure boundary 2 Buried quantity V C The method comprises the following steps:
V WL m for accumulating the water yield 3 ；
V C Is CO in a gaseous-supercritical state 2 Buried amount, sm 3 ；
q is CO 2 Injection rate sm 3 /min；
t is CO 2 Injection time, min;
V PVL is the pore volume, m of the sand body model 3 ；
For the storage pressure of->Time CO 2 Solubility sm in simulated formation water 3 /m 3 ；
S P CO at outlet back pressure P 2 Solubility sm in simulated formation water 3 /m 3 。
7. The gaseous-supercritical CO of claim 1 2 The method for determining the buried amount is characterized in that the method is based on the CO in the gaseous-supercritical state 2 Plate with burial amount changing with temperature and pressure conditions, burial temperature of T, burial pressure of P and overburden pressure of P R When the mineralization degree of the stratum water is M, the gaseous-supercritical CO measured by an indoor experiment is obtained 2 Buried quantity V C After the step of determining, the method further comprises:
gaseous-supercritical CO in aqueous layers taking into account the effects of temperature, pressure and mineralization 2 The buried amount is recorded as V C-(P,T,M) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Gaseous-supercritical CO based on indoor experiment determination 2 Buried quantity V C The burying temperature is T, the burying pressure is P, and the mineralization degree of stratum water is M, so that the CO in the actual gas-supercritical state in the mine field 2 Buried quantity V C-(P,T,M) The calculation method comprises the following steps:
V C-(P,T,M) is the actual water layer gaseous-supercritical CO of the mine field 2 Buried amount, sm 3 ；
V C Determination of gaseous-supercritical CO for indoor experiments 2 Buried amount, sm 3 ；
V PVL Is the pore volume, m of the sand body model 3 ；
V PVR For the actual water layer pore volume of the mine, m 3 。
8. The gaseous-supercritical CO of claim 1 2 The method for determining the buried amount is characterized in that 2 Dissolving CO in the gaseous-supercritical state 2 A step of determining an effect of the result of the buried amount measurement, comprising:
overburden pressure P on a well-defined target aquifer R On the basis of (1) CO 2 The buried model is kept at the experimental set temperature T, CO 2 The pressure of the shaft pressure loading system of the buried model is set to be P R ；
By displacement from CO 2 Injection of saturated CO into the lower injection port of a buried model 2 The formation water is set to be P at the back pressure of the outlet end of the model, and CO-free is extracted from the extraction outlet 2 Is a water-based oil-based water;
saturated CO at cumulative injection of 10.0PV 2 Saturated CO is completed when stratum water 2 And (5) displacement of formation water.
9. The gaseous-supercritical CO of claim 8 2 The method for determining the buried amount is characterized in that 2 The ground reaction produces mineral precipitation to CO in the gaseous-supercritical state 2 A step of determining an effect of the result of the buried amount measurement, comprising:
at the completion of saturation of CO 2 After the stratum water replacement process, CO is added under the condition of experimental set temperature T 2 Standing the buried model under pressure to allow CO 2 Molded sand and dissolved CO in buried mold 2 Fully reacting; by displacement from CO 2 Reinjecting saturated CO into lower filling opening of buried model 2 Formation water and CO from the production outlet 2 The pressure of the shaft pressure loading system and the model outlet end in the process of the formation water after the geothermal reaction is respectively set as P R And P; cumulative injection of 10.0PV to complete saturation of CO 2 And (5) secondary displacement of formation water.
10. CO (carbon monoxide) 2 A method for determining the total amount of buried water layer, characterized by comprising the steps of any one of claims 1 to 9Said gaseous-supercritical CO 2 A method for determining the buried quantity.
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