CN117506475A - Turntable structure of numerical control machine and five-axis linkage numerical control machine - Google Patents
Turntable structure of numerical control machine and five-axis linkage numerical control machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN117506475A CN117506475A CN202311672581.9A CN202311672581A CN117506475A CN 117506475 A CN117506475 A CN 117506475A CN 202311672581 A CN202311672581 A CN 202311672581A CN 117506475 A CN117506475 A CN 117506475A
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a turntable structure of a numerical control machine tool and a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool, which comprises a B-axis rotating unit and an A-axis rotating unit, wherein the A-axis rotating unit is arranged at the output end of the B-axis rotating unit and can rotate around the B-axis under the drive of the B-axis rotating unit; the A-axis rotating unit comprises a first rotating workbench and a second rotating workbench, and the first rotating workbench and the second rotating workbench are oppositely arranged and can rotate around the A axis respectively. The invention adopts the swing table type rotary table structure, so that the overhanging amount of the cutter point can be greatly reduced, the cutter point is close to the rotation center, and higher machining precision can be obtained; by adopting the two oppositely arranged rotary tables, the processing deformation of the weak rigid part can be greatly reduced, the clamping of workpieces with various sizes can be used, the processing precision is high, and the application range is wide.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of numerically-controlled machine tools, and particularly relates to a turntable structure of a numerically-controlled machine tool and a five-axis linkage numerically-controlled machine tool.
Background
Along with the increasing variety of the shapes of the weak rigid parts and the increasing requirements of the machining precision and the surface quality, the traditional three-axis and four-axis numerical control machine tool is difficult to meet the machining requirements of the weak rigid parts, and the five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool is adopted to realize the machining of the weak rigid parts. However, because the length difference of the weak rigid parts is larger, the existing five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool is easy to have the problems of insufficient mounting rigidity and the like during processing, and the existing five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool for processing the weak rigid parts mostly adopts a movable column and swinging head structure, so that the problems that in order to avoid interference with other parts, the cutter point is often larger in overhanging, the cutter point is far away from the rotating center, and the processing error is easy to cause; in order to solve the problem, part of machine tools reduce the overhanging amount of the tool nose, but the gravity center heights of the machine head and the workpiece are increased, so that the stability of the machine tools is poor, and the stability processing requirement of the weak-rigidity parts cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a swing table type turntable structure and a machine tool with the turntable structure, wherein the workpiece is high in installation rigidity, small in tool nose overhanging amount and good in machine tool stability, the machining deformation of a part with weak rigidity can be effectively reduced, the machining precision is improved, and the machining quality is improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the turntable structure of the numerical control machine tool comprises a B-axis rotating unit and an A-axis rotating unit, wherein the A-axis rotating unit is arranged at the output end of the B-axis rotating unit and can rotate around the B-axis under the drive of the B-axis rotating unit; the A-axis rotating unit comprises a first rotating workbench and a second rotating workbench, and the first rotating workbench and the second rotating workbench are oppositely arranged and can rotate around the A axis respectively.
The rotary table structure of the numerical control machine tool comprises an A-axis rotary unit, an A-axis guide rail, a fixed seat and a movable seat, wherein the A-axis base is arranged at the output end of the B-axis rotary unit; the fixed seat and the A-axis guide rail are fixedly arranged on the A-axis base, the movable seat is slidably arranged on the A-axis guide rail, and can move along the A-axis guide rail towards the fixed seat or in the opposite direction; the first rotary workbench is arranged on the fixed seat, and the second rotary workbench is arranged on the movable seat.
According to the turntable structure of the numerical control machine tool, the first A-axis driving device is arranged on the fixed seat, the second A-axis driving device is arranged on the movable seat, and the first A-axis driving device and the second A-axis driving device can respectively drive the first rotary workbench and the second rotary workbench to synchronously or independently rotate.
According to the turntable structure of the numerical control machine tool, the first A-axis driving device and the second A-axis driving device adopt a double-torque motor distributed parallel driving structure, the two drivers are respectively controlled and are communicated with each other, and independent driving or synchronous driving of master-slave matching can be performed.
According to the turntable structure of the numerical control machine tool, the movable seat is provided with the movable control driving device, and the movable seat can be controlled to move along the A-axis guide rail or be locked on the A-axis guide rail; the power source of the mobile control driving device is one or more of manual, pneumatic, motor and hydraulic driving modes.
The rotary table structure of the numerical control machine tool comprises the B-axis base and the B-axis rotary driving device, wherein the B-axis base is arranged on the machine tool, the B-axis rotary driving device is arranged on the B-axis base, the output end of the B-axis rotary driving device is provided with the A-axis base, and the B-axis rotary driving device can drive the A-axis base to rotate around the B-axis.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool, which comprises the turntable structure of any one of the numerical control machine tools.
The five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool further comprises a machine body, a left support, a right support, a Y-direction guide rail, a cross beam, an X-direction guide rail, an X-axis moving device, a Z-direction guide rail and a main shaft, wherein the left support and the right support are fixed on the machine body, the Y-direction guide rail is respectively arranged on the left support and the right support, and the cross beam is slidably arranged on the Y-direction guide rail and can move along the Y-direction guide rail; the X-axis moving device is connected with the X-axis guide rail in a sliding way and can move along the X-axis guide rail; the Z-guide rail is fixed on the Z-axis moving device and is in sliding connection with the X-axis moving device, and the main shaft is arranged on the Z-axis moving device and can move up and down along with the Z-axis moving device; the turntable structure is arranged on the lathe bed, is arranged between the left support and the right support, and can be matched with the main shaft to carry out five-axis linkage processing.
According to the five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool, the five-axis linkage machining is controlled by the numerical control system of the machine tool, and the numerical control system of the machine tool can also pre-compress or pre-stretch a workpiece by controlling the micro movement of the movable seat.
According to the five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool, the V-shaped chip grooves are formed in the machine body and located below the first rotary workbench and the second rotary workbench.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention adopts the swing table type rotary table structure and is combined with the movable beam structure, the swing table type rotary table structure can reduce the overhanging amount of the tool nose, so that the tool nose is close to the rotation center, and when the workpiece rotates, the processing center of the workpiece is closer to the rotation center of the B axis, and higher processing precision can be obtained. The two rotary tables which are oppositely arranged and independently driven are adopted, so that the rotary tables can synchronously or independently rotate, and when a machine tool is debugged, the independent rotary mode of the two rotary tables is adopted, so that the installation of the tool is facilitated; during processing, synchronous driving is adopted, so that torque is increased, and simultaneously the torsional deformation of the thin-wall parts and other weak rigid parts can be greatly reduced. Meanwhile, the second rotary workbench moves along the axial direction, the distance between the table tops is adjustable, the workpiece pre-compression or pre-stretching function of workpieces with different sizes can be achieved by combining a numerical control system, clamping stress can be effectively compensated, machining precision is improved, and machining quality is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a turntable according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a turntable a according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a motion control driving device for a motion seat according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Description of the embodiments
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description. The following examples are illustrative of the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In describing embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the term "coupled" should be interpreted broadly, unless otherwise indicated and limited, such as, for example, either fixedly, detachably, or integrally coupled; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in embodiments of the present invention will be understood in detail by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the turntable structure of a numerical control machine tool provided by the embodiment of the invention includes a B-axis rotating unit and an a-axis rotating unit. The B-axis rotating unit includes a B-axis base 62 and a B-axis rotation driving device 61, and the a-axis rotating unit includes an a-axis base 63, an a-axis guide rail 64, a moving seat 65, a fixing seat 66, a first rotary table 67, and a second rotary table 68.
The B-axis base 62 is mountable to a machine tool, the B-axis rotation driving device 61 is mounted to the B-axis base 62, the a-axis base 63 is mounted to an output end thereof, and the B-axis rotation driving device 61 can drive the a-axis base 63 to rotate around the B-axis. The fixed seat 66 and the A-axis guide rail 64 are arranged on the front side of the A-axis base 63 in parallel left and right, and the movable seat 65 is slidably arranged on the A-axis guide rail 64 and can move left and right along the A-axis guide rail 64; the first rotary table 67 is mounted on the fixed seat 66, and the second rotary table 68 is mounted on the movable seat 65 and can move left and right together with the movable seat 65; the table tops of the first rotary table 67 and the second rotary table 68 are arranged oppositely, and the distance between the first rotary table 67 and the second rotary table 68 can be enlarged or reduced along with the left-right movement of the second rotary table 68 so as to clamp the workpiece according to the length of the workpiece, so that the clamping difficulty is reduced. The movable seat 65 is further provided with a movement control driving device 69, the movable seat 65 can be controlled to move along the a-axis guide rail 64 or the movable seat 65 is locked on the a-axis guide rail 64, the power source of the movement control driving device 69 can be one or more of manual, pneumatic, motor and hydraulic driving modes, as shown in fig. 3, the embodiment adopts a motor driving mode, and comprises a motor 691 and a screw transmission device 692, the movable seat 65 is connected with the motor 691 through the screw transmission device 692, and the screw transmission device 692 converts the rotary motion of the motor 691 into the linear motion of the movable seat 65, so that the movable seat 65 can move left and right along the a-axis guide rail 64.
As shown in fig. 2, a first a-axis driving device 671 is disposed in the fixed seat 66, a second a-axis driving device 681 is disposed in the movable seat 65, and the first rotary table 67 and the second rotary table 68 are respectively coupled to the first a-axis driving device 671 and the second a-axis driving device 681 and are rotatable under the action of the first a-axis driving device 671 and the second a-axis driving device 681, respectively. The first a-axis driving device 671 and the second a-axis driving device 681 adopt a double-torque motor distributed parallel driving mode, and are respectively controlled by two drivers, which can communicate with each other and can perform independent driving or master-slave matched synchronous driving, so that independent rotation or synchronous rotation of the first rotary table 67 and the second rotary table 68 is realized.
As shown in fig. 4, the embodiment of the invention further provides a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool, which comprises the turntable structure 6, a machine body 1, a cross beam 2, a left support 7, a right support 8, a Y-direction guide rail 11, an X-direction guide rail 21, an X-axis moving device 3, a Z-axis moving device 4, a Z-direction guide rail 31 and an electric spindle 5. The left support 7 and the right support 8 are fixed on the machine body 1, the left support 7 and the right support 8 can be in a split structure or an integrated structure, the embodiment of the invention adopts a U-shaped integrated structure, a closed support seat is formed at the rear end of the machine body 1, and the closed support seat can be used for installing the Y-axis driving device 12. The Y-direction guide rail 11 is respectively arranged on the left support 7 and the right support 8, the cross beam 2 is slidably arranged on the Y-direction guide rail 11, and can move back and forth along the Y-direction guide rail 11 under the action of the Y-axis driving device 12. The upper surface and the front side of the cross beam 2 are respectively fixed with an X-direction guide rail 21, and the X-axis moving device 3 is connected with the X-direction guide rail 21 in a sliding way and can move left and right along the X-direction guide rail 21 under the action of an X-axis driving device 22. The Z-axis moving device 4 is coupled to the X-axis moving device 3 through a Z-guide rail 31, and the Z-guide rail 31 is fixed to the Z-axis moving device 4 and slidably coupled to the X-axis moving device 3, so that the Z-axis moving device 4 moves up and down under the action of the Z-axis driving device 32 on the one hand and moves left and right together with the X-axis moving device 3 on the other hand. The motorized spindle 5 is mounted on the Z-axis moving device 4 and moves up and down along with the Z-axis moving device 4. The turntable structure 6 is arranged on the lathe bed 1, is arranged between the left support 7 and the right support 8 and is positioned below the electric spindle 5, and can be matched with the electric spindle 5 to carry out five-axis linkage processing under the control of a numerical control system of the machine tool. Wherein, the B-axis base 62 is fixedly connected with the lathe bed 1, the A-axis rotating unit is positioned at the front end of the B-axis rotating unit, and the rotating axes of the first rotating workbench 67 and the second rotating workbench 68 are positioned in the same plane with the B-axis rotating axis, so that the processing action point is closer to the B-axis rotating center; and the first rotary workbench 67 and the second rotary workbench 68 are not easy to interfere when rotating, so that the overhanging amount of the tool nose can be greatly reduced, and the machining precision of the workpiece is guaranteed.
The lathe bed 1 is also provided with the V-shaped chip groove 9,V, the chip groove 9 is positioned below the first rotary workbench 67 and the second rotary workbench 68, chips in the machining process can directly fall into the V-shaped chip groove 9, the chip removal efficiency is high, the cleaning is convenient, and the chips are not easy to accumulate.
When the workpiece is installed, the movable seat 65 can be driven to move according to the length of the workpiece, so that the workpiece is clamped between the first rotary workbench 67 and the second rotary workbench 68, the workpiece can be precompressed or prestretched for compensating the clamping stress of the workpiece and improving the machining precision, namely, the force required to be compressed or stretched is input into a numerical control system of a machine tool, and the movable seat 65 can automatically and slightly move to ensure that the workpiece obtains the required pretightening force.
Although the present invention has been described in detail hereinabove, the present invention is not limited thereto and various modifications may be made by those skilled in the art in accordance with the principles of the present invention. Therefore, all modifications made in accordance with the principles of the present invention should be understood as falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The turntable structure of the numerical control machine tool is characterized by comprising a B-axis rotating unit and an A-axis rotating unit, wherein the A-axis rotating unit is arranged at the output end of the B-axis rotating unit and can rotate around the B-axis under the drive of the B-axis rotating unit; the A-axis rotating unit comprises a first rotating workbench and a second rotating workbench, and the first rotating workbench and the second rotating workbench are oppositely arranged and can rotate around the A axis respectively.
2. The turret structure of claim 1, wherein the a-axis rotating unit further comprises an a-axis base, an a-axis guide rail, a fixed base, and a movable base, the a-axis base being mounted to an output end of the B-axis rotating unit; the fixed seat and the A-axis guide rail are fixedly arranged on the A-axis base, the movable seat is slidably arranged on the A-axis guide rail, and can move along the A-axis guide rail towards the fixed seat or in the opposite direction; the first rotary workbench is arranged on the fixed seat, and the second rotary workbench is arranged on the movable seat.
3. The rotary table structure of a numerically controlled machine tool according to claim 2, wherein the fixed base is provided with a first a-axis driving device, the movable base is provided with a second a-axis driving device, and the first a-axis driving device and the second a-axis driving device can respectively drive the first rotary table and the second rotary table to synchronously or independently rotate.
4. A turret structure for a numerically controlled machine tool according to claim 3, wherein the first and second a-axis drives are of a dual torque motor distributed parallel drive configuration, controlled by two drives, respectively, which are in communication with each other for independent drive or simultaneous drive with a master-slave fit.
5. The rotary table structure of a numerical control machine according to claim 4, wherein the movable base is provided with a movement control driving device which can control the movable base to move along the a-axis guide rail or lock the movable base on the a-axis guide rail; the power source of the mobile control driving device is one or more of manual, pneumatic, motor and hydraulic driving modes.
6. The turret structure of claim 5, wherein the B-axis rotating unit includes a B-axis base and a B-axis rotating drive device, the B-axis base being mounted on the machine tool, the B-axis rotating drive device being mounted on the B-axis base, the output end of the B-axis rotating drive device being mounted with the a-axis base, the B-axis rotating drive device being capable of driving the a-axis base to rotate about the B-axis.
7. The five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool is characterized by comprising the turntable structure of any one of the numerical control machine tools.
8. The five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool according to claim 7, further comprising a machine body, a left support, a right support, a Y-direction guide rail, a cross beam, an X-direction guide rail, an X-axis moving device, a Z-direction guide rail and a main shaft, wherein the left support and the right support are fixed on the machine body, the Y-direction guide rail is respectively arranged on the left support and the right support, the cross beam is slidably arranged on the Y-direction guide rail, and the cross beam can move along the Y-direction guide rail; the X-axis moving device is connected with the X-axis guide rail in a sliding way and can move along the X-axis guide rail; the Z-guide rail is fixed on the Z-axis moving device and is in sliding connection with the X-axis moving device, and the main shaft is arranged on the Z-axis moving device and can move up and down along with the Z-axis moving device; the turntable structure is arranged on the lathe bed, is arranged between the left support and the right support, and can be matched with the main shaft to carry out five-axis linkage processing.
9. The five-axis linkage numerical control machine of claim 8 wherein the five-axis linkage machining is controlled by a machine numerical control system that also pre-compresses or pre-stretches the workpiece by controlling the micro-movements of the movable base.
10. The five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool according to claim 9, wherein the lathe bed is provided with a V-shaped chip groove, and the V-shaped chip groove is positioned below the first rotary workbench and the second rotary workbench.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311672581.9A CN117506475A (en) | 2023-12-07 | 2023-12-07 | Turntable structure of numerical control machine and five-axis linkage numerical control machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311672581.9A CN117506475A (en) | 2023-12-07 | 2023-12-07 | Turntable structure of numerical control machine and five-axis linkage numerical control machine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117506475A true CN117506475A (en) | 2024-02-06 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311672581.9A Pending CN117506475A (en) | 2023-12-07 | 2023-12-07 | Turntable structure of numerical control machine and five-axis linkage numerical control machine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117506475A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-12-07 CN CN202311672581.9A patent/CN117506475A/en active Pending
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