CN117502567A - Rumen bypass feed composition and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Rumen bypass feed composition and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117502567A CN117502567A CN202311622446.3A CN202311622446A CN117502567A CN 117502567 A CN117502567 A CN 117502567A CN 202311622446 A CN202311622446 A CN 202311622446A CN 117502567 A CN117502567 A CN 117502567A
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- rumen bypass
- feed composition
- oligosaccharide
- coating
- rumen
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- 210000004767 rumen Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
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- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 24
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- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-NGQZWQHPSA-N d-xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)C(O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-NGQZWQHPSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
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- FTSSQIKWUOOEGC-RULYVFMPSA-N fructooligosaccharide Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@](CO)(OC[C@@]2(OC[C@@]3(OC[C@@]4(OC[C@@]5(OC[C@@]6(OC[C@@]7(OC[C@@]8(OC[C@@]9(OC[C@@]%10(OC[C@@]%11(O[C@H]%12O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]%12O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]%11O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]%10O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]9O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]8O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]7O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]6O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]5O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]4O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]3O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]2O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O FTSSQIKWUOOEGC-RULYVFMPSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
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- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
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- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
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- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 abstract description 17
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- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 abstract description 7
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- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 3
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- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 102000005936 beta-Galactosidase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010005774 beta-Galactosidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000001465 calcium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002057 carboxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC(=O)C([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 1
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- 229930003935 flavonoid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- -1 flavonoid compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000017173 flavonoids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002791 glucosyl group Chemical group C1([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O1)CO)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004347 intestinal mucosa Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000936 intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004255 ion exchange chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000030159 metabolic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013406 prebiotics Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000023504 respiratory system disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/28—Silicates, e.g. perlites, zeolites or bentonites
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/10—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/30—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by encapsulating; by coating
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/60—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for weanlings
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of feed additives, in particular to IPC A23K20, and more particularly relates to a rumen bypass feed composition and a preparation method thereof. The rumen bypass feed composition consists of a coating core and a coating, wherein the coating core consists of a mixture of oligosaccharide and auxiliary materials. The oligosaccharide comprises one or more of galacto-oligosaccharide, mannooligosaccharide, fructo-oligosaccharide and xylo-oligosaccharide. The auxiliary material mixture comprises one or more of silicon dioxide, sodium carboxymethyl starch, dextrin, lactose and microcrystalline cellulose. The coating is rumen bypass fat. The invention has ideal rumen bypass effect, high release rate in small intestine, small and uniform particles, and is convenient for storage and direct use in production. The rumen bypass galactooligosaccharides of the replacement cattle can effectively improve diarrhea symptoms, and improve the growth performance and the immune function of the replacement cattle, thereby reducing morbidity and reducing disease treatment cost and loss.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of feed additives, in particular to IPC A23K20, and more particularly relates to a rumen bypass feed composition and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In order to improve the productivity and reproductive performance of herds and increase economic benefits, animal farms often adopt early weaning of calves. Calves wean early usually at 6-8 weeks of age, the rumen initially has the functions of storing and fermenting feed, but does not develop completely, and the true stomach, small intestine and large intestine still play an important role in the digestion process. Due to the change of the feed structure and living environment, early weaned calves are easy to have stress symptoms such as gastrointestinal digestive system and microecological environment metabolic disorder, low immunity, slow growth, diarrhea and the like. In order to prevent and treat diarrhea caused by early weaning of calves, antibiotics or probiotic preparations such as lactobacillus and the like are often fed to the calves. However, the use of antibiotics can kill other flora in the intestinal tract and even exacerbate the diarrhea while preventing and treating diarrhea. The probiotic and other microecologics can relieve weaning diarrhea to a certain extent, but the exogenous probiotic has competition and antagonism with flora in a host body, and the antagonism relationship is alleviated after oligosaccharide is added.
The oligosaccharide is used as a green functional feed additive without pollution and any toxic and side effects, and gradually becomes a substitute of antibiotics.
The prior CN202310588287.3 discloses a feed additive for preventing diarrhea of young ruminants and application of the feed additive in liquid feed and solid feed, and the feed additive is used for preventing calf diarrhea through the composition of flavonoid compounds, plant essential oil and yeast cell wall polysaccharide, so as to promote calf growth and development and healthy cultivation. However, the effect of the animal on weaned calves is still questionable.
Studies show that the oligosaccharide prebiotics fed to calves before weaning or before rumen development is complete can promote the growth of calves, improve the feed conversion efficiency and reduce the diarrhea rate and respiratory diseases. However, as calves grow up, the fed oligosaccharides are decomposed by microorganisms in the rumen, but the large intestine is not almost completely decomposed, and the proliferation of the hindgut microorganisms cannot be promoted. The galacto-oligosaccharide is prepared by taking lactose as a donor or an acceptor and carrying out enzymolysis on beta-galactosidase, has 2-9 galactose units or terminal glucose and is formed by connecting beta-1, 4 glycosidic bonds, and the research of the oligosaccharide in the livestock field is gradually increased, but the research in ruminant production still needs to be further developed. Therefore, there is a need to develop a novel rumen bypass oligosaccharide with resistance to rumen degradation and high bioavailability, which improves its growth performance and immune function, and reduces morbidity.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the first aspect of the invention provides a rumen bypass feed composition, which consists of a coating core and a coating, wherein the coating core consists of a mixture of oligosaccharides and auxiliary materials.
Preferably, the particle size of the core comprises 0.5-0.7 mm.
Preferably, the mass percentage of the coating core is 55-67%, and the mass percentage of the coating is 33-44%.
Preferably, the particle size of the rumen bypass feed composition comprises 1-1.5 mm.
Preferably, the oligosaccharide comprises one or more of galacto-oligosaccharide, mannooligosaccharide, fructo-oligosaccharide and xylo-oligosaccharide.
Preferably, the auxiliary material mixture comprises one or more of silicon dioxide, sodium carboxymethyl starch, dextrin, lactose and microcrystalline cellulose.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the silicon dioxide to the sodium carboxymethyl starch is 7.5-9: 0.5 to 1; further preferably, it is 9:1 or 7.5:0.5.
preferably, the coating is rumen bypass fat.
Preferably, the rumen bypass fat comprises palm oil fatty acid calcium.
Preferably, the palm oil fatty acid calcium content in the palm oil fatty acid calcium is above 70%.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the oligosaccharide to the auxiliary material mixture is 90-92: 8-10; further preferably, it is 90:10 or 92:8.
according to the invention, palm oil fatty acid calcium, galacto-oligosaccharide, silicon dioxide and carboxymethyl starch sodium are selected for compounding by controlling the coating, so that on one hand, the calf diarrhea rate is reduced, on the other hand, the content of the galacto-oligosaccharide entering the hindgut micro-ecological environment is improved, and the micro-environment of the galacto-oligosaccharide on the hindgut micro-ecological environment is improved. The inventors found that galactooligosaccharides are capable of improving the intestinal microecological environment. When the coating core structure is formed with silicon dioxide, sodium carboxymethyl starch and palm oil fatty acid calcium, the rumen bypass rate is more than 58% at pH 6.6, the release rate is more than 90% at pH 6.6, and the effective release rate can reach 58.3% after 24 hours. When other auxiliary material mixtures and coatings are selected, the effect is difficult to achieve.
According to the invention, the stability and palatability of the rumen bypass feed composition are improved through specific palm oil fatty acid calcium, so that more oligosaccharides can pass through the rumen and reach the hindgut to be released, thereby improving the hindgut microecological environment, improving the utilization rate of feed nutrients for calves, consolidating the intestinal mucosa immune and barrier system, improving diarrhea symptoms, improving the growth performance and immune function, and reducing the incidence rate. In addition, the rumen digestion function is not affected, and the growth performance of calves is improved.
The second aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of a rumen bypass feed composition, which comprises the following steps:
step S01: mixing oligosaccharide and adjuvant mixture in proportion to obtain mixture, and concocting the mixture with deionized water to obtain granule.
Step S02: setting temperature, induced air frequency and rotating speed, preparing the mixture prepared in the step S01 into dry oligosaccharide particles by using a fluidization granulator, performing shot blasting and screening, and collecting the core-coated particles with uniform particle size.
Step S03: controlling the rumen bypass fat melting temperature, melting the rumen bypass fat, heating the coated particles, adding coating in a fluidization granulating and coating machine, setting the temperature of compressed air, the induced air frequency and the rotating speed, coating the coated particles by using the fluidization granulating and coating machine, screening the obtained rumen bypass feed composition, and collecting the rumen bypass feed composition with uniform particle size.
Preferably, the drying time in the step S02 is 10-60 min; further preferably, it is 30min or 50min.
Preferably, the rumen bypass fat melting temperature in the step S03 is 30-90 ℃; further preferably, it is 60℃or 70 ℃.
Preferably, the heating temperature in the step S03 is 20-60 ℃; further preferably, it is 35℃or 50 ℃.
Preferably, in the step S02, the temperature is set to be 70-90 ℃, the induced air frequency is 30-50 Hz, and the rotating speed is 2100-3300 rmp/min.
Preferably, in the step S03, the temperature of the compressed air is set to be 90-110 ℃, the induced air frequency is 20-40 Hz, and the rotating speed is 2400-3600 rmp/min.
Advantageous effects
1. According to the invention, by mixing the oligosaccharide, the auxiliary material mixture and the rumen bypass fat, the rumen bypass feed composition consisting of the coating and the coating, namely rumen bypass galacto-oligosaccharide particles, is prepared.
2. In the invention, the mass ratio of silicon dioxide to sodium carboxymethyl starch is controlled to be 7.5-9: 0.5 to 1, and improves the rumen bypass rate, the small intestine release rate and the effective release rate.
3. According to the invention, palm oil fatty acid calcium is selected to be compounded with galacto-oligosaccharide, silicon dioxide and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose starch by controlling the coating, so that on one hand, the calf diarrhea rate is reduced, on the other hand, the content of the galacto-oligosaccharide entering the hindgut micro-ecological environment is improved, and the micro-environment of the galacto-oligosaccharide on the hindgut micro-ecological environment is improved.
4. The novel rumen bypass feed composition with the advantages of rumen degradation resistance and high bioavailability is prepared, the rumen bypass effect is ideal through a coating process, the release rate in the small intestine is high, the particles are small and uniform, the novel rumen bypass feed composition has ideal physical form, and the novel rumen bypass feed composition is convenient to store and directly use in production.
5. According to the rumen bypass feed composition, pasture use proves that the rumen bypass galactooligosaccharide particles are added into the ration of the replacement cattle, so that diarrhea symptoms can be effectively improved, the growth performance and the immune function of the feed composition are improved, and the incidence rate is reduced. The rumen bypass galactooligosaccharide is not only suitable for the replacement cattle, but also suitable for cows, beef cattle and buffalo in other feeding stages, and is also suitable for ruminants including goats, sheep, sika deer, musk deer and camel.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A preparation method of a rumen bypass feed composition comprises the following steps:
step S01: galactooligosaccharides were mixed with silica, sodium carboxymethyl starch at 90:9:1, and then the mixture is prepared into a state capable of being granulated by deionized water.
Step S02: setting the temperature at 80 ℃, the induced air frequency at 40Hz and the rotating speed at 2700rmp/min, preparing the mixture prepared in the step S01 into dry oligosaccharide particles by a fluidization granulator, drying for 50min, performing shot blasting and screening, and collecting the galactooligosaccharide core particles with the particle size of 0.7mm.
Step S03: melting rumen-bypass fat at 70deg.C, heating the galactooligosaccharide-coated granules to 50deg.C, adding palm oil fatty acid calcium in a fluidization granulating and coating machine, setting compressed air temperature at 100deg.C, air inducing frequency at 30Hz, and rotating speed at 3000rmp/min, coating the galactooligosaccharide-coated granules with the fluidization granulating and coating machine, sieving the obtained rumen-bypass galactooligosaccharide granules (rumen-bypass feed composition), and collecting rumen-bypass galactooligosaccharide granules with particle size of 1.5mm.
The rumen bypass galacto-oligosaccharide comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 61.64% galactooligosaccharides, 5.025% silica, 0.335% sodium carboxymethyl starch and 33% calcium palm oil fatty acid.
The galactooligosaccharides, silica, sodium carboxymethyl starch, and palm oil fatty acid calcium are all commercially available.
Example 2
A preparation method of a rumen bypass feed composition comprises the following steps:
step S01: mixing galacto-oligosaccharide with silicon dioxide and sodium carboxymethyl starch according to 92:7.5:0.5, and then the mixture is prepared into a state capable of being granulated by deionized water.
Step S02: setting the temperature at 80 ℃, the induced air frequency at 40Hz and the rotating speed at 2700rmp/min, preparing the mixture prepared in the step S01 into dry oligosaccharide particles by a fluidization granulator, drying for 30min, performing shot blasting and screening, and collecting the galactooligosaccharide core particles with the particle size of 0.6 mm.
Step S03: melting rumen-bypass fat at 60 ℃, heating the galactooligosaccharide coated granules to 35 ℃, adding palm oil fatty acid calcium into a fluidization granulating and coating machine, setting the temperature of compressed air to 100 ℃, the induced air frequency to 30Hz and the rotating speed to 3000rmp/min, coating the galactooligosaccharide coated granules by using the fluidization granulating and coating machine, and finally screening the obtained rumen-bypass galactooligosaccharide granules (rumen-bypass feed composition), and collecting rumen-bypass galactooligosaccharide granules with the particle size of 1 mm.
The rumen bypass galacto-oligosaccharide comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50.4% galacto-oligosaccharides, 5.04% silica, 0.56% sodium carboxymethyl starch and 44% calcium palm oil fatty acid.
The galactooligosaccharides, silica, sodium carboxymethyl starch, and palm oil fatty acid calcium are all commercially available.
Example 3
A preparation method of a rumen bypass feed composition comprises the following steps:
step S01: galactooligosaccharides were mixed with silica, sodium carboxymethyl starch at 90:9:1, and then the mixture is prepared into a state capable of being granulated by deionized water.
Step S02: setting the temperature at 80 ℃, the induced air frequency at 40Hz and the rotating speed at 2700rmp/min, preparing the mixture prepared in the step S01 into dry oligosaccharide particles by a fluidization granulator, drying for 30min, performing shot blasting and screening, and collecting the galactooligosaccharide core particles with the particle size of 0.6 mm.
Step S03: melting rumen-bypass fat at 60 ℃, heating the galactooligosaccharide coated granules to 35 ℃, adding palm oil fatty acid calcium into a fluidization granulating and coating machine, setting the temperature of compressed air to 100 ℃, the induced air frequency to 30Hz and the rotating speed to 3000rmp/min, coating the galactooligosaccharide coated granules by using the fluidization granulating and coating machine, and finally screening the obtained rumen-bypass galactooligosaccharide granules (rumen-bypass feed composition), and collecting rumen-bypass galactooligosaccharide granules with the particle size of 1 mm.
The rumen bypass galacto-oligosaccharide comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 60.3% galacto-oligosaccharides, 6.03% silica, 0.67% sodium carboxymethyl starch and 33% calcium palm oil fatty acid.
The galactooligosaccharides, silica, sodium carboxymethyl starch, and palm oil fatty acid calcium are all commercially available.
Example 4
A preparation method of a rumen bypass feed composition comprises the following steps:
step S01: mixing galacto-oligosaccharide with silicon dioxide and sodium carboxymethyl starch according to 92:7.5:0.5, and then the mixture is prepared into a state capable of being granulated by deionized water.
Step S02: setting the temperature at 80 ℃, the induced air frequency at 40Hz and the rotating speed at 2700rmp/min, preparing the mixture prepared in the step S01 into dry oligosaccharide particles by a fluidization granulator, drying for 50min, performing shot blasting and screening, and collecting the galactooligosaccharide core particles with the particle size of 0.7mm.
Step S03: melting rumen-bypass fat at 70deg.C, heating the galactooligosaccharide-coated granules to 50deg.C, adding palm oil fatty acid calcium in a fluidization granulating and coating machine, setting compressed air temperature at 100deg.C, air inducing frequency at 30Hz, and rotating speed at 3000rmp/min, coating the galactooligosaccharide-coated granules with the fluidization granulating and coating machine, sieving the obtained rumen-bypass galactooligosaccharide granules (rumen-bypass feed composition), and collecting rumen-bypass galactooligosaccharide granules with particle size of 1.5mm.
The rumen bypass galacto-oligosaccharide comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 51.52% galacto-oligosaccharides, 4.2% silica, 0.28% sodium carboxymethyl starch and 44% calcium palm oil fatty acid.
The galactooligosaccharides, silica, sodium carboxymethyl starch, and palm oil fatty acid calcium are all commercially available.
Comparative example 1
The embodiment of comparative example 1 is the same as example 1, except that the rumen bypass feed composition is uncoated.
Comparative example 2
The embodiment of comparative example 2 is the same as in example 1, except that palm oil fat powder is used as the rumen bypass fat.
The palm oil fat powder is commercially available.
Performance testing
1. Product performance test of rumen bypass feed composition (rumen bypass galactooligosaccharides):
the ruminant digestive tract was simulated using an In vitro method (In vitro) for stability testing (simulated rumen and duodenal environment with buffer solutions at pH 6.6 and 2.4, respectively) and evaluation.
Materials and methods
Buffers with pH values of 6.6 and 2.4 were prepared using citric acid and sodium dihydrogen phosphate, respectively, to simulate ruminant rumen and duodenal environments.
The rumen bypass feed compositions (rumen bypass galactooligosaccharides) prepared in comparative example 1 and examples 1 to 4 were weighed 1.00g each, placed at the bottom of a 50mL tube with a stopper, 20mL buffer was added, the tube stopper was closed, digested for 2, 4, 8, 12, 24 hours in a thermostatic water bath shaker at 39 ℃, taken out, washed, filtered, and the filtrate was fixed in volume, and the content of galactooligosaccharides in the filtrate was measured, thereby calculating the rumen bypass rate and small intestine release rate of galactooligosaccharides. Three replicates were set for each coated rumen bypass galactooligosaccharide at each time point.
The method for detecting the galacto-oligosaccharide comprises the following steps: the content of galacto-oligosaccharides was detected by high performance ion chromatography with reference to the detection methods in the national institutes of health and family planning, publication 2016, no. 8 and GB/T22221-2008.
The calculation formula is as follows:
rumen bypass rate (W1) = (1-A2/A1) ×100%;
wherein: a1-galacto-oligosaccharide content in the product; a2-content of galactooligosaccharides in the filtrate of the product in a buffer solution at pH 6.6.
Small intestine release rate (W2) =a3/a1×100%;
wherein: a1-galacto-oligosaccharide content in the product; a3-content of galactooligosaccharides in the filtrate of the product in a buffer solution at pH 2.4.
Effective release rate = w1×w2×100%;
wherein: w1-rumen bypass rate of the product; w2-small intestine release rate of product.
Statistical method
Data analysis was performed using SPSS 20.0.
The results are shown in tables 1 to 3.
Analysis of results: the test samples were rumen bypass feed compositions prepared in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 2, respectively. Table 1 shows rumen bypass rates of each test sample at various time points. As can be seen from table 1, by culturing each test sample in a 39 ℃ constant temperature water bed with a buffer solution of pH 6.6, it can be seen that the rumen bypass rate of the rumen bypass galactooligosaccharides of the examples and the comparative examples was gradually decreased with the increase of time, and the rumen bypass rate of the rumen bypass galactooligosaccharides of 4 examples and comparative example 2 was significantly higher than that of comparative example 1. The rumen bypass rate effect of each group of 2-4 hours is as follows: example 1 = example 3> comparative example 2> example 2 = example 4> comparative example 1,8h later the rumen bypass rate effect of each group is: example 3> example 1> comparative example 2> example 4> example 2> comparative example 1.
Table 2 shows the small intestine release rates (pH 2.4) at various time points for each test sample. As can be seen from table 2, by culturing each test sample in a 39 ℃ constant temperature water bed with a buffer solution of pH 2.4, it can be seen that the galactooligosaccharides of the rumen bypass galactooligosaccharide particles in comparative example 1 are hardly released in the small intestine, the release rate of the rumen bypass galactooligosaccharides in 4 examples and comparative example 2 in the small intestine reaches 90% or more at 2 hours, and example 3> example 2=example 4> example 1=comparative example 2. The small intestine release rates of examples 1, 3 and 4 reached 100% at 12h, and the small intestine release rates of example 2 and comparative example 2 reached 100% at 24 h.
Table 3 shows the effective release rates of each test sample at different time points; as can be seen from Table 3, by culturing each test sample in a 39℃constant temperature water bed with a buffer solution having a pH of 6.6 and a pH of 2.4, the effect of the effective release rate of each test sample was as follows: example 3> example 1> comparative example 2> example 4> example 2> comparative example 1.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
TABLE 3 Table 3
2. Effect of rumen bypass feed composition (rumen bypass galactooligosaccharides) on diarrhea symptoms of weaned calves:
120 weaned calves are selected from Xinle cattle farm in Hebei province, and randomly divided into 6 groups of 20 calves each. Each group of calves was fed with 10g/d rumen bypass galactooligosaccharides, respectively, for 4 weeks from weaning. During the feeding period, its diarrhea was recorded daily and the diarrhea rate of the calves was calculated. The statistical results are shown in Table 4.
Results: as can be seen from table 4, the diarrhea rate statistics for the comparative example and each example are: example 3 = example 1 < example 4 < example 2 < comparative example 1.
TABLE 4 Table 4
Claims (10)
1. The rumen bypass feed composition is characterized by comprising a coating core and a coating, wherein the coating core comprises a mixture of oligosaccharides and auxiliary materials; the oligosaccharide comprises one or more of galacto-oligosaccharide, mannooligosaccharide, fructo-oligosaccharide and xylo-oligosaccharide; the coating is rumen bypass fat.
2. The rumen bypass feed composition of claim 1, wherein the adjuvant mixture comprises one or more of silica, sodium carboxymethyl starch, dextrin, lactose, microcrystalline cellulose.
3. The rumen bypass feed composition according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the silicon dioxide to the sodium carboxymethyl starch is 7.5-9: 0.5 to 1.
4. The rumen bypass feed composition of claim 1, wherein the rumen fat comprises palm oil fatty acid calcium.
5. The rumen bypass feed composition of claim 1, wherein the particle size of the core comprises 0.5 to 0.7mm; the particle size of the rumen bypass feed composition comprises 1-1.5 mm.
6. The rumen bypass feed composition according to claim 1, wherein the mass percentage of the coating is 55-67%, and the mass percentage of the coating is 33-44%.
7. The rumen bypass feed composition according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the oligosaccharide to the auxiliary material mixture is 90-92: 8-10.
8. A method of preparing the rumen bypass feed composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
step S01: mixing oligosaccharide and auxiliary material mixture in proportion to obtain a mixture, and then preparing the mixture into a pelletizable state by deionized water;
step S02: setting temperature, induced air frequency and rotating speed, preparing the mixture prepared in the step S01 into dry oligosaccharide particles by using a fluidization granulator, performing shot blasting and screening, and collecting core-coated particles with uniform particle size;
step S03: controlling the rumen bypass fat melting temperature, melting the rumen bypass fat, heating the coated particles, adding coating in a fluidization granulating and coating machine, setting the temperature of compressed air, the induced air frequency and the rotating speed, coating the coated particles by using the fluidization granulating and coating machine, screening the obtained rumen bypass feed composition, and collecting the rumen bypass feed composition with uniform particle size.
9. The method for preparing rumen bypass feed composition according to claim 8, wherein the drying time in the step S02 is 10 to 60 minutes.
10. The method for preparing the rumen bypass feed composition according to claim 8, wherein the rumen bypass fat melting temperature in the step S03 is 30-90 ℃; the heating temperature in the step S03 is 20-60 ℃.
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