CN117500602A - Vehicle-mounted crushing equipment - Google Patents
Vehicle-mounted crushing equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN117500602A CN117500602A CN202380011047.5A CN202380011047A CN117500602A CN 117500602 A CN117500602 A CN 117500602A CN 202380011047 A CN202380011047 A CN 202380011047A CN 117500602 A CN117500602 A CN 117500602A
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- crushing
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- assembly
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010926 waste battery Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The present disclosure provides a vehicle-mounted crushing apparatus, comprising: a vehicle body (100); a crushing mechanism (200) comprising a crushing box (210), a filter plate (220), a sliding door assembly (230) and a crushing assembly (240); the crushing box (210) is arranged in the box body (100), a crushing cavity (202) is formed in the crushing box (210), and a feeding port (204) communicated with the crushing cavity (202) is formed in the top of the crushing box (210); an oxygen concentration sensor (2023) is arranged in the crushing cavity (202); the filter plates (220) are transversely arranged in the crushing cavity (202) and connected with the inner wall of the crushing box (210), a plurality of liquid passing holes which are distributed at intervals are formed in the filter plates (220), and a discharge hole (206) communicated with the crushing main cavity (2022) is formed in the side wall of the crushing box (210); the sliding door assembly (230) is connected to the crushing box (210) in a sliding way, and the sliding door assembly (230) is used for opening or closing the discharge hole (206); the crushing assembly (240) is arranged at the feed inlet (204), and the crushing assembly (240) is used for crushing the battery; the nitrogen supply mechanism (300) comprises a nitrogen pipe body (310) and a supply control valve (320), one end of the nitrogen pipe body (310) is communicated with the crushing main cavity (2022), the other end of the nitrogen pipe body (310) is externally connected with a nitrogen source, the supply control valve (320) is arranged on the nitrogen pipe body (310), the control end of the supply control valve (320) is electrically connected with the oxygen concentration sensor (2023), and the supply control valve (320) is used for being opened when the oxygen concentration in the crushing cavity (202) is equal to a preset concentration threshold value; the waste gas treatment mechanism (400) is positioned in the carriage body (100), the waste gas treatment mechanism (400) is respectively communicated with the crushing main cavity (2022) and the evaporation cavity (2024), and the waste gas treatment mechanism (400) is used for caching and treating waste gas.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of vehicle-mounted waste battery recycling equipment, in particular to vehicle-mounted crushing equipment.
Background
The biggest difficulty in recycling the waste power single batteries is that the charged batteries can generate fires and explosions in the breaking process. The battery is broken by electrification, i.e. the breaking operation is performed without discharging the battery. The battery is characterized in that a local short circuit is caused in the crushing process, the internal part of the battery is caused to generate the following chained exothermic series reaction by the local short circuit heat release, and even under the anoxic condition, the battery can generate oxygen to burn when being crushed, so that part of electrolyte of the battery is heated and evaporated, and the other part of electrolyte exists in a liquid form, so that the risk of charged crushing of the battery is higher, namely the crushing safety is poorer, and in particular, the vehicle-mounted crushing mode is adopted.
Thermit reaction: NCM+Al+O 2 →Li x Al y O z +Me+MeO；
And (3) electrolyte combustion reaction: 2C 3 H 4 O 3 (EC)+5O 2 →6CO 2 +4H 2 O；
And (3) positive electrode material decomposition reaction: li (Li) 0.5 MeO 2 →1/2LiMeO 2 +1/6Me 3 O 4 +1/6O 2 ↑；
SEI film decomposition: (CHOCOOLi) 2 →Li 2 CO 3 +C 2 H 4 ↑+CO 2 ↑+1/2O 2 ↑。
In addition, for the vehicle-mounted crushing mode, namely, the waste power single batteries are crushed on the vehicle-mounted crushing equipment. The vehicle-mounted crushing equipment is used for conveying and preprocessing the waste power single batteries. The crushing material of the traditional vehicle-mounted crushing equipment is mixed with more electrolyte, and in the crushing process, the primary separation effect of the electrolyte in the crushed material is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, it is necessary to provide an in-vehicle crushing apparatus that is superior in crushing safety while being capable of improving the primary separation effect of the electrolyte in the crushed material.
An in-vehicle crushing apparatus comprising:
a vehicle body;
the crushing mechanism comprises a crushing box, a filter plate, a sliding door assembly and a crushing assembly; the crushing box is arranged in the box body, a crushing cavity is formed in the crushing box, and a feeding hole communicated with the crushing cavity is formed in the top of the crushing box; an oxygen concentration sensor is arranged in the crushing cavity; the filter plate is transversely arranged in the crushing cavity and connected with the inner wall of the crushing box so as to divide the crushing cavity into a crushing main cavity and an evaporation cavity, a plurality of liquid passing holes are formed in the filter plate at intervals, and a discharge hole communicated with the crushing main cavity is formed in the side wall of the crushing box; the sliding door component is connected to the crushing box in a sliding way and is used for opening or closing the discharge hole; the crushing assembly is arranged at the feeding hole and is used for crushing the battery;
the nitrogen supply mechanism comprises a nitrogen pipe body and a supply control valve, one end of the nitrogen pipe body is communicated with the crushing main cavity, the other end of the nitrogen pipe body is externally connected with a nitrogen source, the supply control valve is arranged on the nitrogen pipe body, the control end of the supply control valve is electrically connected with the oxygen concentration sensor, and the supply control valve is used for being opened when the oxygen concentration in the crushing cavity is equal to a preset concentration threshold value;
the waste gas treatment mechanism is positioned in the carriage body and is respectively communicated with the crushing main cavity and the evaporation cavity, and the waste gas treatment mechanism is used for caching and treating waste gas.
Compared with the related art, the present disclosure has at least the following advantages:
1. according to the vehicle-mounted crushing equipment, the oxygen concentration is sensed in the crushing main cavity through the oxygen concentration sensor, and when the oxygen concentration sensor generates a sensing signal, the supply control valve is opened, so that the nitrogen source can supply nitrogen to the crushing main cavity through the nitrogen pipe body; otherwise, the supply control valve is closed, so that the problem that the nitrogen pipe body always supplies nitrogen to the crushing main cavity is avoided; therefore, the concentration of oxygen in the crushing main cavity is always lower than a preset concentration threshold value, the situation that oxygen is generated by decomposing a positive electrode material or an SEI film in the crushing process of the battery to burn is avoided, and the crushing safety of the battery is improved.
2. In the crushing process, the sliding door component can be always closed at the discharge port, so that the oxygen concentration in the crushing main cavity is accurate, meanwhile, the nitrogen is injected into the crushing main cavity during the crushing process, the oxygen concentration in the crushing main cavity can be quickly and effectively reduced, the consumption of the nitrogen is reduced, and the cost required by crushing and recycling of the battery is reduced.
3. When the crushing is finished, the waste gas treatment mechanism can be used for pumping out the gas in the crushing main cavity and the evaporation cavity, so that the safety of opening the subsequent sliding door assembly at the discharge hole is ensured; after the sliding door assembly is opened at the discharge hole, the crushing waste is discharged through the discharge hole, so that the safety of the vehicle-mounted crushing equipment is improved.
The details of one or more embodiments of the disclosure are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, objects, and advantages of the disclosure will be apparent from the description and drawings, and from the claims.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the related art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the related technical descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is also possible for those skilled in the art to obtain drawings of other embodiments according to these drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an on-board crushing apparatus of an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a partial structure of the in-vehicle crushing apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the in-vehicle crushing apparatus shown in FIG. 2 from another perspective;
FIG. 4 is a partial schematic view of the in-vehicle crushing apparatus shown in FIG. 2 at A;
fig. 5 is a partial schematic view of the vehicle-mounted crushing apparatus shown in fig. 2 at B.
Detailed Description
In order that the disclosure may be understood, a more complete description of the disclosure will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings. This disclosure may, however, be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only and are not meant to be the only embodiment. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The terminology used in the description of the disclosure herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the vehicle-mounted breaking device 10 of an embodiment is used for breaking the battery cells, and before breaking, the battery pack can be disassembled by a manual or battery pack disassembling device to take out the battery cells.
In one embodiment, the in-vehicle crushing apparatus 10 includes a vehicle box 100, a crushing mechanism 200, a nitrogen gas supply mechanism 300, and an exhaust gas treatment mechanism 400. Wherein the crushing mechanism 200 comprises a crushing box 210, a filter plate 220, a sliding door assembly 230 and a crushing assembly 240. The crushing box 210 is installed in the box body 100, the crushing cavity 202 is formed in the crushing box 210, the material inlet 204 communicated with the crushing cavity 202 is formed in the top of the crushing box 210, and when the crushing box is used, waste batteries are put into waste battery monomers from the material inlet 204 in the top of the crushing box 210.
As shown in fig. 1-3, in one embodiment, the filter plates 220 are disposed laterally within the crushing chamber 202 and connected to the inner wall of the crushing tank 210 to divide the crushing chamber 202 up and down into a crushing main chamber 2022 and an evaporation chamber 2024. In this embodiment, the main crushing chamber 2022 communicates with the feed port 204. The crushing assembly 240 is installed at the feed inlet 204, the crushing assembly 240 is used for crushing the battery, so that the crushing assembly 240 crushes the waste battery monomer in the crushing main chamber 2022, and the generated crushed material falls onto the filter plate 220. The filter plate 220 is provided with a plurality of spaced-apart liquid passing holes 222, so that the electrolyte in the crushed material can flow into the evaporation chamber 2024 through the liquid passing holes 222.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in one embodiment, a discharge port 206 is formed on a side wall of the crushing box 210 and is in communication with the crushing main chamber 2022, so that crushed material on the filter plate 220 can be discharged through the discharge port 206. A sliding door assembly 230 is slidably coupled to the crushing bin 210, the sliding door assembly 230 being configured to open or close the discharge outlet 206. When the crushing assembly 240 crushes the waste battery monomer, the sliding door assembly 230 can close the discharge hole 206; when the crushing assembly 240 is finished crushing the waste battery cells, the sliding door assembly 230 may open the discharge port 206 to discharge crushed materials through the discharge port 206. In this way, the battery is sealed during the breaking process of the breaking assembly 240 in the breaking main chamber 2022, so that the battery is safer during the breaking process.
As shown in fig. 1-3, in one embodiment, an oxygen concentration sensor 2023 is disposed within the crushing chamber 202, the oxygen concentration sensor 2023 being configured to sense the oxygen concentration within the crushing chamber 202. The nitrogen gas supply mechanism 300 comprises a nitrogen gas pipe 310 and a supply control valve 320, wherein one end of the nitrogen gas pipe 310 is communicated with the crushing cavity 202, and the other end of the nitrogen gas pipe 310 is externally connected with a nitrogen gas source. The supply control valve 320 is provided in the nitrogen pipe 310, and a control end of the supply control valve 320 is electrically connected to the oxygen concentration sensor 2023. The supply control valve 320 is configured to open when the oxygen concentration within the crushing chamber 202 is equal to a preset concentration threshold. That is, when the oxygen concentration in the crushing chamber 202 is equal to the preset concentration threshold, the oxygen concentration sensor 2023 generates a sensing signal, and the control end of the supply control valve 320 controls the supply control valve 320 to be opened. In this embodiment, the nitrogen pipe 310 is communicated with the crushing main chamber 2022, and when the oxygen concentration sensor 2023 generates a sensing signal, the supply control valve 320 is opened to inject nitrogen into the crushing chamber 202, so as to reduce the oxygen concentration in the crushing chamber 202, and further improve the safety of the waste battery monomers in the crushing process. The exhaust gas treatment mechanism 400 is located in the carriage 100, and the exhaust gas treatment mechanism 400 is respectively communicated with the crushing main chamber 2022 and the evaporating chamber 2024, and the exhaust gas treatment mechanism 400 is used for buffering and treating the exhaust gas.
In the above-mentioned vehicle-mounted crushing device 10, since the crushing main chamber 2022 is communicated with one end of the nitrogen pipe 310, the other end of the nitrogen pipe 310 is externally connected with a nitrogen source, and the control end of the supply control valve 320 is electrically connected with the oxygen concentration sensor 2023, the oxygen concentration is sensed in the crushing main chamber 2022 by the oxygen concentration sensor 2023, and when the oxygen concentration sensor 2023 generates a sensing signal, the supply control valve 320 is opened, so that the nitrogen source can supply nitrogen to the crushing main chamber 2022 through the nitrogen pipe 310; otherwise, the supply control valve 320 is closed, avoiding the problem of the nitrogen pipe 310 always supplying nitrogen to the crushing main chamber 2022; in this way, the concentration of oxygen in the crushing main cavity 2022 is always lower than the preset concentration threshold, so that the situation that oxygen is generated by decomposition of the positive electrode material or SEI film in the crushing process of the battery to burn is avoided, and the crushing safety of the battery is improved.
In addition, during the crushing process, the sliding door assembly 230 can be always closed at the discharge hole 206, so that the oxygen concentration in the crushing main cavity 2022 is accurate, and simultaneously, the nitrogen is injected into the crushing main cavity 2022 during the crushing process, so that the oxygen concentration in the crushing main cavity 2022 can be quickly and effectively reduced, the consumption of the nitrogen is reduced, and the cost required by crushing and recycling the battery is reduced; when the crushing is completed, the waste gas treatment mechanism 400 can be used for pumping out the gas in the crushing main cavity 2022 and the evaporation cavity 2024, so that the safety of opening the subsequent sliding door assembly 230 at the discharge hole 206 is ensured; after the sliding door assembly 230 is opened at the discharge port 206, the crushed waste can be discharged through the discharge port 206, so that the safety of the vehicle-mounted crushing equipment 10 is improved. In one embodiment, the exhaust treatment mechanism 400 is capable of buffering and treating the exhaust gas, avoiding the problem of direct external exhaust pollution.
In the crushing main cavity 2022, the crushed waste obtained by crushing the crushing assembly 240 falls onto the filter plate 220, and as the filter plate 220 is provided with a plurality of through holes 222 which are distributed at intervals, electrolyte in the crushed waste flows into the evaporation cavity 2024 through the filter holes, so that the crushed material of the crushed waste is reliably separated from the electrolyte, the problem that more electrolyte is clamped by the crushed material is avoided, and the primary separation effect of the electrolyte in the crushed material is improved.
As shown in fig. 1-3, in one embodiment, the nitrogen supply mechanism 300 further includes a nitrogen source tank 330, and a nitrogen pipe 310 is connected to the nitrogen source tank, so that nitrogen in the nitrogen source tank 330 is introduced into the crushing main chamber 2022 through the nitrogen pipe 310.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in one embodiment, a heating module 2025 is disposed on an inner bottom wall of the evaporation cavity 2024, so that the heating module 2025 heats and evaporates the electrolyte in the evaporation cavity 2024, which improves the efficiency of evaporating the electrolyte, avoids the problem that the electrolyte stays in the evaporation cavity 2024 for a long time and has unexpected risks, and further improves the safety of the vehicle-mounted crushing device 10.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in one embodiment, the heating temperature of the heating module 2025 is 100 ℃ to 200 ℃, so that the heating module 2025 can effectively heat and evaporate the electrolyte. In one embodiment, the heating module 2025 is provided with a heating surface 2026, the heating surface 2026 is provided with a temperature sensor 2027, and the temperature sensor 2027 is electrically connected to a control end of the heating module 2025; when the temperature sensor 2027 senses that the temperature of the heating surface 2026 reaches a first predetermined value, the heating module 2025 starts heating; when the temperature sensor 2027 senses that the temperature of the heating surface 2026 reaches a second predetermined value, the heating module 2025 stops heating. In this way, the heating temperature of the heating surface 2026 is kept within a predetermined range, and the heating module 2025 can efficiently heat and evaporate the electrolyte. In this embodiment, the first predetermined value is greater than or equal to 100 ℃. The second predetermined value is greater than the first predetermined value and the second predetermined value is less than or equal to 200 ℃.
In one embodiment, the preset concentration threshold is less than or equal to 3%, making the battery safer to break. In this embodiment, the preset concentration threshold is equal to 3%.
As shown in fig. 3, in one embodiment, the filter plate 220 is obliquely arranged along the first preset angle θ1, so that the electrolyte better flows out of the crushed material, and the filter plate 220 better separates the crushed material of the crushed waste from the electrolyte, and meanwhile, the smoothness and the blanking rate of the subsequent crushed material are improved.
As shown in fig. 3, in one embodiment, the first preset angle θ1 is 3 ° to 10 °. In this embodiment, the first preset angle θ1 is 5 °, so that the crushed material is better separated from the electrolyte, and the crushed material is convenient to be fed subsequently.
As shown in fig. 3, in one embodiment, the vehicle-mounted crushing apparatus 10 further includes a pushing mechanism 500, where the pushing mechanism 500 is configured to push crushed material on the filter plate 220 out through the discharge hole 206 after the sliding door assembly 230 is opened at the discharge hole 206, without manual intervention, so as to easily implement automatic blanking of the crushed material and improve blanking efficiency of the crushed material. In an embodiment, the pushing mechanism 500 includes a pushing driving component 510 and a pushing scraper 520, the pushing driving component 510 is mounted on the outer side of the crushing box 210, the crushing box 210 is provided with a sliding hole 212 communicated with the crushing main cavity 2022, a telescopic rod body of the pushing driving component 510 is arranged in the sliding hole 212 and is slidably connected with the crushing box 210, the pushing scraper 520 is located in the crushing main cavity 2022 and is connected with the telescopic rod body, the pushing scraper 520 is located on the upper side of the filter plate 220, and the pushing driving component 510 drives the pushing scraper 520 to move towards a direction approaching or separating from the discharge hole 206. When the pushing mechanism 500 pushes away the crushed material on the filter plate 220, the pushing driving assembly 510 drives the pushing scraper 520 to move towards the direction close to the discharge hole 206, so that the pushing scraper 520 pushes away the crushed material on the filter plate 220 from the crushed material on the filter plate 220, and then the pushing driving assembly 510 drives the pushing scraper 520 to move towards the direction far away from the discharge hole 206 again, so that the pushing scraper 520 is reset. In one embodiment, the pushing drive assembly 510 is a cylinder drive assembly or a motor drive assembly. In this embodiment, the pushing driving assembly 510 is a cylinder driving assembly.
In one embodiment, the telescopic rod is slidably and sealingly connected to the crushing box 210, so that the telescopic rod is slidably connected to the crushing box 210, and the sealing performance of the sliding connection between the telescopic rod and the crushing box 210 is improved. In this embodiment, a sealing sleeve (not shown) is disposed in the sliding hole 212, and the sealing sleeve is slidably sleeved on the telescopic rod body, so that the telescopic rod body is slidably and sealingly connected to the crushing box 210.
As shown in fig. 3, in one embodiment, the direction in which the pushing driving assembly 510 drives the pushing scraper 520 to move is parallel to the extending direction of the filter plate 220, that is, the direction in which the pushing driving assembly 510 drives the pushing scraper 520 to move is parallel to the plane on which the filter plate 220 is located, so that the pushing scraper 520 performs a pushing operation on the crushed material on the filter plate 220 better.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, in one embodiment, the vehicle-mounted crushing apparatus 10 further includes a blanking pre-mechanism 600, and the blanking pre-mechanism 600 includes a blanking guide plate 610 and a receiving bin 620; the blanking guide plate 610 is obliquely connected to the crushing box 210 at a second preset angle, the material receiving box 620 is located at the lower side of the blanking guide plate 610, the material receiving box 620 is provided with a crushing material groove 622 and a powder material groove 624, one end of the blanking guide plate 610 extends to the discharge hole 206, and the other end of the blanking guide plate 610 extends to the crushing material groove 622, so that crushed materials can better slide to the crushing material groove 622 along the blanking guide plate 610 through the discharge hole 206. In an embodiment, the position of the blanking guide plate 610 adjacent to the discharge hole 206 is provided with a plurality of sieving holes 612 at intervals, and the sieving holes 612 are arranged corresponding to the powder grooves 624, so that powder in the crushed materials falls into the powder grooves 624 through the sieving holes 612 in the blanking process of the blanking guide plate 610, and the effect of pre-separating the powder in the crushed materials from other substances is achieved synchronously during blanking, so that the efficiency of crushing and recycling batteries is improved.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, in one embodiment, the blanking guide plate 610 is welded to the crushing box 210 such that the blanking guide plate 610 is fixedly connected to the crushing box 210. It is understood that in other embodiments, the blanking guide plate 610 is not limited to being welded to the crushing box 210. For example, the blanking guide plate 610 is rotatably connected to an outer side wall of the crushing box 210, and a supporting member is protruded on an outer peripheral side of the crushing box 210, and the supporting member is supported on the blanking guide plate 610; when in use, the supporting piece can be supported on the blanking guide plate 610, so that the blanking guide plate 610 can reliably guide the crushed material to be blanked; when not in use, the support member can be rotated to a vertical state, i.e. to a position parallel to the outer side wall of the crushing box 210, reducing the footprint of the blanking guide plate 610. In an embodiment, the vehicle-mounted crushing apparatus 10 further includes a vibration assembly, the vibration assembly is mounted on an outer side wall of the crushing box 210, and a power output end of the vibration assembly is connected with the blanking guide plate 610, so as to vibrate the blanking guide plate 610 when the blanking guide plate 610 is blanked, and further enable the blanking guide plate 610 to better blanked crushed materials. In this embodiment, the vibration assembly is an ultrasonic vibration assembly.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, in one embodiment, the second preset angle θ2 is 8 ° to 20 °, so that the blanking guide plate 610 better blanking the crushed material. In the present embodiment, the second preset angle θ2 is 16 °.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the plurality of sieving holes 612 are distributed in a rectangular array, so that the powder in the crushed material can fall into the powder tank 624 through the blanking guide plate 610, and the powder in the crushed material can be pre-separated from other materials better. It is understood that in other embodiments, the plurality of screening apertures 612 are arranged in a circular array.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, in one embodiment, the blanking pre-distribution mechanism 600 further includes a first enclosure plate 630 and a second enclosure plate 640; the first surrounding baffle 630 and the second surrounding baffle 640 are respectively connected to two side edges of the blanking guide plate 610, so that the blanking guide plate 610, the first surrounding baffle 630 and the second surrounding baffle 640 together form the guide channel 602. One end of the first baffle 630 extends to the discharge port 206, the other end of the first baffle 630 extends to the crushing trough 622, one end of the second baffle 640 extends to the discharge port 206, and the other end of the second baffle 640 extends to the crushing trough 622, so that crushed materials are well discharged along the material guiding channel 602. In this embodiment, the first surrounding baffle 630 and the second surrounding baffle 640 are welded to two sides of the blanking guide plate 610 respectively.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, in one embodiment, the exhaust gas treatment mechanism 400 includes an exhaust gas buffer assembly 410 and a gas purifying assembly 420, the exhaust gas buffer assembly 410 includes an exhaust pump 412, an exhaust pipe body 414 and a compression buffer 416, the compression buffer 416 is installed in the vehicle box 100, one end of the exhaust pipe body 414 is respectively communicated with the crushing main chamber 2022 and the evaporation chamber 2024, the other end of the exhaust pipe body 414 is communicated with an air inlet end of the buffer, the exhaust pump 412 is arranged on the exhaust pipe body 414, the gas purifying assembly 420 is communicated with an air outlet end of the compression buffer 416, and the compression buffer 416 is used for compressing and storing exhaust gas. When the crushing assembly 240 finishes crushing the battery, the air pump 412 pumps the waste gas in the crushing main cavity 2022 and the evaporation cavity 2024 out of the compression buffer 416 through the air pump pipe body 414 to buffer, and waits for subsequent treatment; in addition, the compressed buffer 416 is discharged to the gas purification assembly 420 for processing, and the temporary gas storage effect of the compressed buffer 416 enables the gas purification assembly 420 to flexibly process the exhaust gas in batches, so that the processing energy consumption and the processing pressure of the gas purification assembly 420 are reduced.
In one embodiment, the compression buffer 416 is further provided with an external pipe body and an external control valve disposed on the external pipe body, where the external pipe body can be externally connected with an exhaust gas treatment device, for example, to reach an exhaust gas treatment station, and is connected to an access pipe of the exhaust gas treatment station through the external pipe body for centralized treatment, so that the convenience of use of the vehicle-mounted crushing device 10 is improved.
As shown in fig. 2, in one embodiment, the outer wall of the crushing box 210 is provided with a fixing hole communicated with the crushing main cavity 2022, the fixing hole is disposed adjacent to the feeding port 204, and the nitrogen pipe 310 is penetrated into the fixing hole and is in sealing connection with the crushing box 210, so that the nitrogen pipe 310 is in sealing connection with the crushing box 210.
As shown in fig. 2 and 5, in one embodiment, a crushing skirt 215 is protruding from the top of the crushing box 210, and the crushing skirt 215 is disposed around the feeding port 204, so that the battery to be crushed is reliably fed into the feeding port 204 through the crushing skirt 215. The crushing assembly 240 includes a driving member 242, a first gear 244, a first crushing roller 246, a second gear 248 and a second crushing roller 249, the driving member 242 is mounted on the crushing box 210, the first crushing roller 246 and the second crushing roller 249 are both rotatably connected to the crushing box 210, the first crushing roller 246 and the second crushing roller 249 are relatively disposed at the feeding port 204, the power output end of the driving member 242 is connected to the first crushing roller 246, the first gear 244 is sleeved on the first crushing roller 246, the second gear 248 is sleeved on the second crushing roller 249, the second gear 248 is in meshed transmission with the first gear 244, when the crushing assembly 240 crushes a battery, the driving member 242 drives the first crushing roller 246 to be rotatably connected to the crushing box 210, and the first crushing roller 246 drives the first gear 244 to rotate, because the first gear 244 is meshed with the second gear 248 to rotate, and further drives the second crushing roller 249 to rotate relative to the crushing box 210, so that the first crushing roller 246 and the second crushing roller 249 rotate respectively in opposite directions, thereby reliably crushing the battery is achieved. The outer peripheral walls of the first crushing roller 246 and the second crushing roller 249 are provided with rolling teeth (not shown) to ensure that the first crushing roller 246 and the second crushing roller 249 can roll crush the battery cells.
In one embodiment, the filter plates 220 are removably attached to the crushing tank 210 to facilitate periodic removal, maintenance and cleaning of the filter plates 220, and to avoid problems with the filter plates 220 having their fluid passage holes 222 blocked from the electrolyte.
In one embodiment, the inner peripheral wall of the crushing chamber 202 is provided with an embedded groove, the vehicle-mounted crushing apparatus 10 further comprises a sealing ring, the sealing ring is clamped into the embedded groove, and the sealing ring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the filter plate 220, so that the outer periphery of the filter plate 220 is tightly connected with the inner peripheral wall of the crushing chamber 202.
In one embodiment, the inner peripheral wall of the crushing chamber 202 is provided with a plurality of supporting ribs in a protruding manner along the circumferential direction, and the plurality of supporting ribs support and are fixed to the filter plate 220 together, so that the filter plate 220 is well connected to the inner peripheral wall of the crushing chamber 202.
It should be noted that, the sliding door assembly 230 may be manually opened or closed to the outlet 206, or may be driven by a driving mechanism to open or close to the outlet 206. In this embodiment, the sliding door assembly 230 is driven by a driving mechanism to open or close the outlet 206. In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the sliding door assembly 230 comprises a fixing frame 232, a driving cylinder 234 and a sliding door 236, wherein the fixing frame 232 is fixed on the outer peripheral wall of the crushing box 210, the driving cylinder 234 is installed on the fixing frame 232, the power output end of the driving cylinder 234 is connected with the sliding door 236, a sliding slot 216 communicated with the discharge port 206 is formed in the side wall of the crushing box 210, and the sliding door 236 is located in the sliding slot 216 and is in sliding connection with the crushing box 210, so that the driving cylinder 234 drives the sliding door 236 to slide relative to the crushing box 210.
The present disclosure includes, but is not limited to, having the following advantages over the related art:
1. in the above-described vehicle-mounted crushing apparatus 10, the oxygen concentration is sensed in the crushing main chamber 2022 by the oxygen concentration sensor 2023, and when the sensing signal is generated by the oxygen concentration sensor 2023, the supply control valve 320 is opened to supply nitrogen to the crushing main chamber 2022 through the nitrogen pipe 310 by the nitrogen source; otherwise, the supply control valve 320 is closed, avoiding the problem of the nitrogen pipe 310 always supplying nitrogen to the crushing main chamber 2022; in this way, the concentration of oxygen in the crushing main cavity 2022 is always lower than the preset concentration threshold, so that the situation that oxygen is generated by decomposition of the positive electrode material or SEI film in the crushing process of the battery to burn is avoided, and the crushing safety of the battery is improved.
2. During the crushing process, the sliding door assembly 230 can be always closed at the discharge hole 206, so that the oxygen concentration in the crushing main cavity 2022 is accurate, and simultaneously, the nitrogen is injected into the crushing main cavity 2022 during the crushing process, so that the oxygen concentration in the crushing main cavity 2022 can be quickly and effectively reduced, the consumption of the nitrogen is reduced, and the cost required for crushing and recycling the battery is reduced.
3. When the crushing is completed, the waste gas treatment mechanism 400 can be used for pumping out the gas in the crushing main cavity 2022 and the evaporation cavity 2024, so that the safety of opening the subsequent sliding door assembly 230 at the discharge hole 206 is ensured; after the sliding door assembly 230 is opened at the discharge port 206, the crushed waste can be discharged through the discharge port 206, so that the safety of the vehicle-mounted crushing equipment 10 is improved.
4. The waste gas treatment mechanism 400 can buffer and treat waste gas, and avoids the problem that the waste gas directly discharges the waste gas to pollute the environment.
5. Because the filter plate 220 is provided with the plurality of the liquid passing holes 222 which are distributed at intervals, the electrolyte in the crushed waste flows into the evaporation cavity 2024 through the filter holes, so that the crushed materials of the crushed waste are reliably separated from the electrolyte, the problem that more electrolyte is clamped by the crushed materials is avoided, and the primary separation effect of the electrolyte in the crushed materials is improved.
6. The heating module 2025 is arranged on the inner bottom wall of the evaporation cavity 2024, so that the heating module 2025 heats and evaporates the electrolyte in the evaporation cavity 2024, the efficiency of evaporating the electrolyte is improved, the problem that the electrolyte stays in the evaporation cavity 2024 for a long time and has unexpected risks is avoided, and the safety of the vehicle-mounted crushing equipment 10 is further improved.
7. The pushing mechanism 500 is used for pushing out the crushed materials on the filter plate 220 through the discharge hole 206 after the sliding door assembly 230 is opened at the discharge hole 206, manual intervention is not needed, automatic discharging of the crushed materials is easy to achieve, and discharging efficiency of the crushed materials is improved.
8. Powder in the crushed materials falls into the powder groove 624 through the plurality of sieving holes 612 in the process of blanking along the blanking guide plate 610, so that the effect of pre-separating the powder in the crushed materials from other substances is synchronously achieved during blanking, and the efficiency of battery crushing and recycling is improved.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description. The foregoing examples represent only a few embodiments of the present disclosure, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the disclosure, which are within the scope of the disclosure. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present disclosure should be determined by the following claims.
Claims (17)
1. A vehicle-mounted crushing apparatus, characterized by comprising:
a vehicle body (100);
a crushing mechanism (200) comprising a crushing box (210), a filter plate (220), a sliding door assembly (230) and a crushing assembly (240); the crushing box (210) is arranged in the box body (100), a crushing cavity (202) is formed in the crushing box (210), and a feeding port (204) communicated with the crushing cavity (202) is formed in the top of the crushing box (210); an oxygen concentration sensor (2023) is arranged in the crushing cavity (202); the filter plate (220) is transversely arranged in the crushing cavity (202) and connected with the inner wall of the crushing box (210) so as to divide the crushing cavity (202) into a crushing main cavity (2022) and an evaporation cavity (2024) up and down, the filter plate (220) is provided with a plurality of liquid passing holes which are distributed at intervals, and the side wall of the crushing box (210) is provided with a discharge hole (206) communicated with the crushing main cavity (2022); the sliding door assembly (230) is connected to the crushing box (210) in a sliding way, and the sliding door assembly (230) is used for opening or closing the discharging hole (206); the crushing assembly (240) is arranged at the feeding port (204), and the crushing assembly (240) is used for crushing the battery;
the nitrogen supply mechanism (300) comprises a nitrogen pipe body (310) and a supply control valve (320), one end of the nitrogen pipe body (310) is communicated with the crushing main cavity (2022), the other end of the nitrogen pipe body (310) is externally connected with a nitrogen source, the supply control valve (320) is arranged on the nitrogen pipe body (310), the control end of the supply control valve (320) is electrically connected with the oxygen concentration sensor (2023), and the supply control valve (320) is used for being opened when the oxygen concentration in the crushing cavity (202) is equal to a preset concentration threshold value;
the waste gas treatment mechanism (400) is positioned in the car box body (100), the waste gas treatment mechanism (400) is respectively communicated with the crushing main cavity (2022) and the evaporation cavity (2024), and the waste gas treatment mechanism (400) is used for caching and treating waste gas.
2. The vehicle-mounted crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner bottom wall of the evaporation chamber (2024) is provided with a heating module (2025).
3. The in-vehicle crushing plant according to claim 1, wherein the filter plate (220) is arranged obliquely along a first preset angle.
4. The vehicle-mounted crushing equipment according to claim 1, further comprising a pushing mechanism (500), wherein the pushing mechanism (500) comprises a pushing driving assembly (510) and a pushing scraper (520), the pushing driving assembly (510) is mounted on the outer side of the crushing box (210), the crushing box (210) is provided with a sliding hole (212) communicated with the crushing main cavity (2022), a telescopic rod body of the pushing driving assembly (510) is arranged in the sliding hole (212) in a penetrating manner and is in sliding connection with the crushing box (210), the pushing scraper (520) is located in the crushing main cavity (2022) and is connected with the telescopic rod body, the pushing scraper (520) is located on the upper side of the filter plate (220), and the pushing driving assembly (510) drives the pushing scraper (520) to move towards a direction close to or far away from the discharge hole (206).
5. The vehicle-mounted crushing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the direction in which the pushing driving assembly (510) drives the pushing blade (520) to move is parallel to the extending direction of the filter plate (220).
6. The vehicle-mounted crushing device according to claim 1, further comprising a blanking pre-distribution mechanism (600), wherein the blanking pre-distribution mechanism (600) comprises a blanking guide plate (610) and a receiving box (620);
the blanking guide plate (610) is obliquely connected to the crushing box (210) at a second preset angle, and one end of the blanking guide plate (610) extends to the discharge hole (206); the material receiving box (620) is located at the lower side of the material discharging and guiding plate (610), a crushing material groove and a powder groove are formed in the material receiving box (620), the other end of the material discharging and guiding plate (610) extends to the crushing material groove, a plurality of sieving holes (612) are formed in the position, adjacent to the material discharging hole (206), of the material discharging and guiding plate (610) at intervals, and the sieving holes (612) are arranged corresponding to the powder groove.
7. The vehicle-mounted crushing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the blanking guide plate (610) is welded to the crushing box (210).
8. The vehicle-mounted crushing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the second preset angle is 8 ° to 20 °.
9. The vehicle-mounted crushing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of the sieving apertures (612) are arranged in a rectangular array distribution.
10. The vehicle-mounted crushing apparatus of claim 6, wherein the blanking pre-distribution mechanism (600) further comprises a first enclosure plate (630) and a second enclosure plate (640); the first enclosing baffle plate (630) and the second enclosing baffle plate (640) are respectively connected to two side edges of the blanking guide plate (610), so that the blanking guide plate (610), the first enclosing baffle plate (630) and the second enclosing baffle plate (640) jointly enclose a guide channel (602);
one end of the first surrounding baffle plate (630) extends to the discharge hole (206), and the other end of the first surrounding baffle plate (630) extends to the crushing trough; one end of the second surrounding baffle plate (640) extends to the discharge hole (206), and the other end of the second surrounding baffle plate (640) extends to the crushing trough.
11. The vehicle-mounted crushing equipment according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas treatment mechanism (400) comprises an exhaust gas cache assembly (410) and a gas purification assembly (420), the exhaust gas cache assembly (410) comprises an exhaust gas pump (412), an exhaust gas pipe body (414) and a compression cache (416), the compression cache (416) is installed in the vehicle box body (100), one end of the exhaust gas pipe body (414) is respectively communicated with the crushing main cavity (2022) and the evaporation cavity (2024), the other end of the exhaust gas pipe body (414) is communicated with an air inlet end of the cache, the exhaust gas pump (412) is arranged on the exhaust gas pipe body (414), the gas purification assembly (420) is communicated with an air outlet end of the compression cache (416), and the compression cache (416) is used for carrying out compression storage on exhaust gas.
12. The vehicle-mounted crushing device according to claim 1, wherein a fixing hole communicated with the crushing main cavity (2022) is formed in the outer wall of the crushing box (210), the fixing hole is arranged adjacent to the feeding port (204), and the nitrogen pipe (310) penetrates through the fixing hole and is in sealing connection with the crushing box (210).
13. The vehicle-mounted crushing device according to claim 1, wherein a crushing skirt (215) is convexly arranged at the top of the crushing box (210), and the crushing skirt (215) is arranged around the feeding port (204); and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the crushing assembly (240) comprises a driving piece (242), a first gear (244), a first crushing roller (246), a second gear (248) and a second crushing roller (249), wherein the driving piece (242) is installed on the crushing box (210), the first crushing roller (246) and the second crushing roller (249) are both rotationally connected to the crushing box (210), the first crushing roller (246) and the second crushing roller (249) are oppositely arranged at the feeding port (204), the power output end of the driving piece (242) is connected with the first crushing roller (246), the first gear (244) is sleeved on the first crushing roller (246), the second gear (248) is sleeved on the second crushing roller (249), and the second gear (248) is in meshed transmission with the first gear (244).
14. The vehicle-mounted crushing plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the filter plate (220) is detachably connected to the crushing tank (210).
15. The vehicle-mounted crushing device according to claim 14, wherein an embedded groove is formed in the inner peripheral wall of the crushing cavity (202), the vehicle-mounted crushing device further comprises a sealing ring, the sealing ring is clamped into the embedded groove, and the sealing ring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the filter plate (220).
16. The vehicle-mounted crushing apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the inner peripheral wall of the crushing chamber (202) is provided with a plurality of support ribs protruding in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of the support ribs are supported and fixed together to the filter plate (220).
17. The vehicle-mounted crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the sliding door assembly (230) comprises a fixing frame, a driving cylinder and a sliding door, the fixing frame is fixed on the outer peripheral wall of the crushing box (210), the driving cylinder is mounted on the fixing frame, the power output end of the driving cylinder is connected with the sliding door, a sliding slot communicated with the discharging hole (206) is formed in the side wall of the crushing box (210), and the sliding door is located in the sliding slot and is in sliding connection with the crushing box (210).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2023119154 | 2023-09-15 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117500602A true CN117500602A (en) | 2024-02-02 |
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ID=89669506
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202380011047.5A Pending CN117500602A (en) | 2023-09-15 | 2023-09-15 | Vehicle-mounted crushing equipment |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117500602A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-09-15 CN CN202380011047.5A patent/CN117500602A/en active Pending
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