CN115254893A - A kind of waste soft pack lithium battery directly charged crushing equipment and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a directly charged crushing device and method for waste soft-pack lithium batteries. The device comprises a feeding unit, a crushing unit, a screening unit, a liquid collecting unit, a low-temperature baking unit, a crushing protection system and a gas collecting system. The soft-pack lithium battery is uniformly fed through the skirt baffle conveyor of the feeding unit. The crushing unit uses a dual-shaft roller crusher to crush the soft-pack battery. The screening unit uses a vibrating screen to separate the battery solid materials generated during the crushing process and The crushing waste liquid is separated, the liquid collecting unit collects the battery waste liquid, the low-temperature baking unit evaporates the waste liquid remaining in the solid material of the battery, the crushing protection system uses liquid nitrogen as a protective medium to prevent combustion and explosion during the crushing process, and the gas collecting system collects and crushes Exhaust gases from processes and roasting. The invention can realize the direct charged crushing of the soft-pack lithium battery without discharging pretreatment of the battery, greatly shortens the battery crushing cycle, has high crushing efficiency, low operating cost, and is safe and reliable.

Description

A kind of equipment and method for directly charged crushing of waste soft-pack lithium batteries

technical field

The invention relates to a charged crushing equipment and method, in particular to a safe and reliable waste soft-packed lithium battery that does not need to be discharged, shortens the cycle of crushing the battery, has high crushing efficiency, low operating cost, is convenient for personnel to operate, and is safe and reliable. Crushing equipment and methods.

Background technique

Soft-pack lithium batteries are the mainstream products used in contemporary mobile electronic devices, and soft-pack lithium batteries contain various harmful substances. If they are discarded directly after use, they will endanger the environment. Therefore, waste soft-pack lithium batteries will be recycled, and valuable substances will be taken out for reuse. A large number of waste pouch batteries need to be processed quickly, and the traditional salt water discharge process will produce chlorine, hydrogen, oxygen and other gases, which is neither environmentally friendly nor safe; while physical discharge has low discharge efficiency , There are also safety issues during the discharge process. In order to improve the processing efficiency of batteries, live crushing is to meet the current rigid demand for mass processing of waste pouch batteries.

In the current process of charged crushing, the battery is subjected to physical processes such as extrusion and shearing, which will short-circuit the positive and negative electrodes, and the residual power in the battery will be released rapidly, resulting in heat release, fire, explosion and other phenomena during the crushing process. It affects the safety of the crushing process.

Chinese invention patent (CN202110129571.1) provides a live crushing equipment, put the waste battery into the feeding hopper, open the first pneumatic valve, the battery falls into the feeding temporary storage assembly, close the first pneumatic valve, open the second Pneumatic valve, the battery falls into the battery crushing bin, the crusher crushes the battery, opens the fourth pneumatic valve after crushing, the crushed material falls into the discharge temporary storage bin, then closes the fourth pneumatic valve, opens the third pneumatic valve, and crushes The material enters the discharge hopper. Nitrogen is used as a protective gas during the crushing process, and the gas generated during the crushing process is pumped by the exhaust fan and exhaust pipe to the lye spray tower for treatment. The equipment adopts multiple pneumatic valves, although the sealing performance is enhanced to a certain extent, but the crushing efficiency is also greatly reduced. This equipment does not consider the problem of electrolyte treatment during the crushing process. During the crushing process, the electrolyte will accumulate in the crushing device, and the crushed material will still have electrolyte, but this equipment directly collects the crushed material. Moreover, the device does not have an intelligent sensor feedback system, which cannot detect the operating status of the device, and cannot ensure the safety of the device during long-term operation.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above problems, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a direct charge crushing equipment for waste soft-packed lithium batteries that does not need to be discharged, shortens the cycle of crushing batteries, has high crushing efficiency, low operating costs, is convenient for personnel to operate, and is safe and reliable. and methods.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solutions: a waste soft-pack lithium battery direct charging crushing equipment, the waste soft-pack lithium battery direct charging crushing equipment is used for crushing waste soft-pack lithium batteries, the waste Soft package lithium battery directly charged crushing equipment includes: feeding unit (1), crushing unit (2), screening unit (3), liquid collection unit (4), low temperature baking unit (5), crushing protection system (6) and Gas collection system (7).

The waste soft-packed lithium battery enters the crushing unit (2) and the screening unit (3) sequentially through the feeding unit (1), the solids from the screening unit (3) enter the low-temperature baking unit (5), and the liquid enters the liquid collection unit ( 4), the gas enters the gas collection system (7).

Feeding unit (1): The feeding unit (1) sends the soft-pack lithium battery into the crushing unit (2).

Crushing unit (2): The crushing unit (2) crushes the soft-pack lithium battery sent by the feeding unit (1).

Screening unit (3): The screening unit (3) uses a vibrating screen to separate the battery solid material and crushing waste liquid generated during the crushing process of the crushing unit (2).

Liquid collection unit (4): The liquid collection unit (4) is located at the bottom of the screening unit (3), and collects the liquid in the screening unit (3).

Low-temperature baking unit (5): the low-temperature baking unit (5) is located on one side of the screening unit (3), and collects solids in the screening unit (3); At the same time, the waste liquid remaining in the solid material is also baked out.

Crushing protection system (6): The crushing protection system (6) is installed on one side of the crushing unit (2) to protect the materials in the crushing unit (2) from splashing; at the same time, the crushing protection system (6) Use liquid nitrogen as a protective medium to prevent combustion and explosion during the crushing process.

Gas collection system (7): The gas collection system (7) is located on the other side of the screening unit (3), collecting the gas in the screening unit (3), and the gas collection system also provides negative pressure exhaust for the crushing process .

In a specific implementation example of the present invention, the feeding unit (1) includes a feeding funnel (101), a feeding funnel support (102), a skirt baffle conveyor belt (103), a conveyor support (104); the feeding funnel 101 It is fixed on the feed funnel support (102), and the feed funnel support 102 is straddled directly above the feeding end of the conveyor belt. ) falls into the bulk transfer area at the feed end of the skirt baffle conveyor belt (103), and the conveyor transports the pouch battery to the feed hopper next to the top of the conveyor at a constant speed.

In a specific implementation example of the present invention, the crushing unit (2) includes a feed hopper (201), a crusher (202), a crusher support (203), a rigid flange (204), a flexible metal pipe (205) , maintenance door (206), described feeding funnel (201) is positioned at the top of crusher (202), and feeding funnel (201) side is provided with opening and is connected with the discharge end of feeding unit (1); Crusher support (203) is located below the crusher, and the rigid flange (204) is used to connect the crusher (202) and the crusher bracket (203); the maintenance door (206) is provided on the side of the crusher bracket 203, and the soft-packed lithium The battery enters the crusher (202) through the feed hopper (201) for crushing.

The screening unit (3) is located inside the crusher support 203, and it includes a screen (301), a vibrating motor (302), and a spring set (303). The screening unit (3) is located inside the crusher support, and its It includes a screen (301), a vibrating motor (302), and a spring set (303). One end of the screen (301) is connected to the crusher bracket through a hinge, and the other end is connected to the spring set. The springs in the spring set are vertical It is directly fixed in the bracket of the crusher, the vibration motor is connected to the screen frame to provide a vibration source for the screen, and the screening unit screens the electrolyte and the crushed material. In the specific implementation process, the aperture of the screen cloth (301) can be 30 meshes, and the springs in the spring group can be vertically fixed in the crusher support by using springs.

In a specific implementation example of the present invention, the liquid collection unit (4) includes a liquid collector (401) and a liquid collector bracket (402), the liquid collector bracket (402) is located under the crusher bracket (203), and the liquid collector The liquid collector (401) is funnel-shaped and fixed in the liquid collector bracket (402), and the liquid collector (401) collects the electrolyte produced by the screening unit.

In a specific implementation example of the present invention, the low-temperature baking unit (5) includes a baking cavity (501), a gas collection module (502), a low-temperature heating module (503), a low-temperature baking unit bracket (504), a flexible metal tube (505), the baking cavity is connected with the screening unit by a flexible metal pipe, and there is a belt conveyor inside to transport the solid material, the inner wall of the cavity is evenly distributed with heating strips, and a row of gas collection ports are equidistantly arranged on the top of the cavity After the solid material enters the unit from the screening unit, the conveyor slowly transports it to the discharge port. During the transportation, the solid material is continuously baked by the low-temperature heating module in the baking cavity, and the residual electrolyte in the solid material is evaporated. , the gas collection module collects the evaporated electrolyte and sends it to the gas collection system through pipelines.

In a specific implementation example of the present invention, the crushing protection system (6) is a crushing protection system (6) that uses liquid nitrogen as a protective medium to prevent combustion and explosion during the crushing process; the crushing protection system (6) includes spraying Nozzle (601), liquid nitrogen transfer pipe (602), air pump (603), liquid nitrogen storage tank (604), temperature sensor (605), oxygen content sensor (606), alarm device (607), start-stop controller (608 ); the liquid nitrogen storage tank is located at the side of the entire device, and the liquid nitrogen in the storage tank is transported to the spray nozzle by the air pump and the liquid nitrogen transfer pipe, and the spray nozzle is located at the top side wall of the feed funnel, which can be controlled by controlling the air pump The amount of liquid nitrogen spraying; a temperature sensor and an oxygen content sensor are installed on the side wall of the feed funnel near the crusher inlet. The temperature sensor and the oxygen content sensor detect the temperature and oxygen content in the device respectively, and the sensor and alarm device and start-stop control device connection.

In a specific implementation example of the present invention, the spray nozzle adopts an angle-adjustable spray head, and the spray nozzle is symmetrically distributed on the inner wall of the top of the feeding funnel, forming a crossed liquid nitrogen low temperature and anaerobic protection area above the crusher.

In a specific implementation example of the present invention, the gas collection system (7) includes a negative pressure exhaust port (701), an exhaust pipe (702), and an air pump (703), and the negative pressure exhaust port is located in the screening unit On the side wall, the exhaust pipe is respectively connected to the negative pressure exhaust port in the screening unit and the gas collection module of the low-temperature baking unit. The vacuum pump collects the exhaust gas generated during the process of processing the soft-packed lithium battery by the entire equipment through the exhaust pipe.

A method for directly charged crushing of waste soft-pack lithium batteries, characterized in that: the charged crushing method includes the following steps:

The first step: Feed the soft-pack lithium battery to the feeding unit, and the skirt baffle conveyor belt will send the soft-pack lithium battery to the crushing unit at a uniform speed;

In the second step, the pouch battery enters the crusher for crushing, and the three-dimensional spray nozzles in the crushing process continuously spray liquid nitrogen to ensure the safety of the crushing process;

Step 3: The crushed material enters the screening unit, the vibrating screen separates the solid material and the electrolyte, the electrolyte leaks into the liquid collection unit, and the solid material enters the low-temperature baking unit;

Step 4: The solid material is slowly conveyed to the discharge port by the conveyor belt in the low-temperature baking unit. During the moving process, it is continuously baked at low temperature in the cavity, and the residual waste liquid in the solid material is evaporated. The gas collection module absorbs these gases through negative pressure. Then it is sent to the gas collection system through the exhaust pipe, and finally the solid material discharged by the low-temperature roasting unit is collected.

The positive and progressive effect of the present invention is that the waste soft-pack lithium battery direct charged crushing equipment and method provided by the present invention have the following advantages:

1. The feeding unit of the present invention adopts the skirt baffle conveyor belt to prevent the accumulation of battery packs and ensure uniform feeding.

2. The present invention adopts the liquid nitrogen spray method in three-dimensional space layout, which can effectively avoid the contact between oxygen and active substances during the crushing process, and can greatly reduce the temperature of equipment and batteries during the crushing process.

3. The invention uses a low-temperature baking unit to fully collect the organic waste liquid in the crushed battery material.

4. The present invention adopts an intelligent sensor feedback mechanism, which makes the device more automatic, reduces labor intensity, improves the safety of system equipment, and is more practical.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is an overall schematic diagram of the charged crushing equipment for soft-pack lithium batteries of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the front three-dimensional structure of the charged crushing equipment for the soft-pack lithium battery of the present invention.

Figure 3-1 is a cross-sectional view of the charged crushing equipment for soft-pack lithium batteries of the present invention.

Figure 3-2 is a partially enlarged view of Figure 3-1.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the directional structure of the charged crushing equipment for soft-pack lithium batteries of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the main connection structure of the charged crushing unit of the pouch lithium battery of the present invention.

Below is the name corresponding to the label in the present invention:

Numbers in the figure: 1—feeding unit, 2—crushing unit, 3—sieving unit, 4—liquid collection unit, 5—low temperature baking unit, 6—crushing protection system, 7—gas collection system, 101—feeding funnel, 102 —Feeding funnel bracket, 103—skirt baffle conveyor belt, 104—conveyor bracket, 201—feed funnel, 202—crusher, 203—crusher bracket, 204—rigid flange connection, 205—flexible metal pipe, 204—maintenance door, 301—screen, 302—vibration motor, 303—spring set, 401—liquid collector, 402—liquid collector bracket, 501—baking cavity, 502—gas collection module, 503—low temperature heating module , 504—low temperature baking unit bracket, 505—flexible metal pipe, 601—spray nozzle, 602—liquid nitrogen transfer pipe, 603—air pump, 604—liquid nitrogen storage tank, 605—temperature sensor, 606—oxygen content sensor, 607 —alarm device, 608—start-stop controller, 701—negative pressure exhaust port, 702—exhaust pipe, 703—vacuum pump.

Detailed ways

The preferred embodiments of the present invention are given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to describe the technical solution of the present invention in detail.

Fig. 1 is the overall schematic diagram of the charged crushing equipment for soft-packed lithium batteries of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the front three-dimensional structure of the charged crushing equipment for soft-packed lithium batteries of the present invention; Lithium-packed battery directly charged crushing method and equipment, including feeding unit (1), crushing unit (2), screening unit (3), liquid collection unit (4), low-temperature baking unit (5), crushing protection system (6) and gas collection system (7).

As a preferred technical solution, the feeding unit (1) in the present invention includes a feeding funnel (101), a feeding funnel support (102), a skirt baffle conveyor belt (103), and a conveyor support (104). The soft pack lithium battery falls into the bottom block conveying area of the skirt baffle conveyor belt through the feeding funnel, and the conveyor transports the soft pack battery to the feeding funnel next to the top of the conveyor at a constant speed.

As a preferred technical solution, the crushing unit (2) in the present invention includes a feed hopper (201), a crusher (202), a crusher support (203), a rigid flange connection (204), a flexible metal pipe (205), maintenance door (206), in the specific implementation process, the crushing unit uses a double-shaft roller crusher to quickly crush the pouch battery, see Figure 5, the feeding funnel is located above the crusher inlet, and the feeding funnel An opening is provided on the side to connect with the discharge end of the conveyor. The crusher bracket is located below the crusher, the crusher and the bracket are connected by a rigid flange, and the flexible metal pipe connects the discharge port of the crusher to the screening unit below. There is a maintenance door on the side of the crusher bracket to facilitate the later maintenance of the equipment. The soft-pack lithium battery enters the double-shaft double-roller crusher through the feeding funnel for crushing, and then enters the next unit through the flexible metal tube.

As a preferred technical solution, the screening unit (3) in the present invention is located inside the crusher bracket, which includes a screen (301), a vibrating motor (302), a spring set (303), and one end of the screen passes through a hinge It is connected with the bracket of the crusher, and the other end is connected with the spring group, and the vibration motor is connected with the screen frame to provide the vibration source for the screen.

As a preferred technical solution, the liquid collection unit (4) in the present invention includes a liquid collector (401) and a liquid collector bracket (402), the liquid collector bracket is located below the crusher bracket, and the liquid collector is fixed on the On the liquid device bracket, it is responsible for collecting the electrolyte produced by the screening unit.

As a preferred technical solution, the low-temperature baking unit (5) in the present invention includes a baking cavity (501), a gas collection module (502), a low-temperature heating module (503), a low-temperature baking unit bracket (504), a flexible metal tube (505), the baking cavity is connected with the screening unit by a flexible metal tube, inside which there is a belt conveyor to transport solid materials, the inner wall of the cavity is evenly distributed with heating strips, and a row of collectors is arranged equidistantly on the top of the cavity breath. After the solid material enters the unit from the screening unit, the conveyor slowly transports it to the discharge port. During the transportation, the solid material is continuously baked by the low-temperature heating module in the baking cavity, and the residual electrolyte in the solid material is evaporated. The gas collection module collects the evaporated electrolyte and sends it to the gas collection system through pipelines.

Fig. 3-1 is a cross-sectional view of the charged crushing equipment for soft-pack lithium batteries of the present invention, and Fig. 3-2 is a partial enlarged view of Fig. 3-1. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the directional structure of the charged crushing equipment for soft-packed lithium batteries of the present invention; Air pump (603), liquid nitrogen storage tank (604), temperature sensor (605), oxygen content sensor (606), alarm device (607), start-stop controller (608). The liquid nitrogen storage tank is located on the side of the entire equipment. The air pump and liquid nitrogen transfer pipe transport the liquid nitrogen in the storage tank to the spray nozzle. The spray nozzle is located on the top side wall of the feed funnel. The liquid nitrogen spray can be controlled by controlling the air pump quantity. A temperature sensor and an oxygen content sensor are installed on the inner wall of the feed funnel 10cm below the crusher inlet. The temperature sensor and the oxygen content sensor detect the temperature and oxygen content in the device respectively, and the data of the sensor are transmitted to the alarm device and start-stop control in real time. device. The sensor, the alarm device and the start-stop controller are jointly controlled by the single-chip microcomputer control board. When the sensor detects an abnormality, the alarm and the start-stop controller will respond.

The spray nozzle in the present invention adopts a nozzle with an adjustable angle, the angle range is 0-180°, and the aperture of the nozzle is 3-5mm. Four sets of spray nozzles are symmetrically distributed on the side wall at the top of the feed funnel and the side wall of the screening unit. The two sets of spray nozzles on the side wall of the feed funnel can form a cross liquid nitrogen low temperature and anaerobic protection above the crusher. area; the two sets of spray nozzles on the side wall of the screening unit have two functions: one is that the liquid nitrogen vaporizes and moves upwards, which is beneficial to the cooling of the crusher cutter; the other is to eliminate the unsafe factors of the vibrating screen and ensure the output of the crusher. Material safety.

As a preferred technical solution, the temperature and oxygen content sensor will send a signal to the alarm and the start-stop controller when detecting abnormal temperature or oxygen content, the alarm will alarm, and if the duration exceeds 10s, the start-stop controller will stop feeding The operation of the unit and the crushing unit will be restarted after the alarm is released.

As a preferred technical solution, the gas collection system (7) includes a negative pressure exhaust port (701), an exhaust pipe (702), and a vacuum pump (703). On the side wall, the negative pressure exhaust port is connected with the exhaust pipe, and the exhaust pipe is connected with the vacuum pump. The gas generated during the roasting process enters the gas collection system (7), and the gas collection system also provides negative pressure exhaust for the crushing process.

The method in the present invention is based on the device, and the charged crushing method includes the following steps:

The first step: Feed the soft-pack lithium battery to the feeding unit, and the skirt baffle conveyor belt will send the soft-pack lithium battery to the crushing unit at a uniform speed;

In the second step, the pouch battery enters the crusher for crushing, and the three-dimensional spray nozzles in the crushing process continuously spray liquid nitrogen to ensure the safety of the crushing process;

Step 3: The crushed material enters the screening unit, the vibrating screen separates the solid material and the electrolyte, the electrolyte leaks into the liquid collection unit, and the solid material enters the low-temperature baking unit;

Step 4: The solid material is slowly conveyed to the discharge port by the conveyor belt in the low-temperature baking unit. During the moving process, it is continuously baked at low temperature in the cavity, and the residual waste liquid in the solid material is evaporated. The gas collection module absorbs these gases through negative pressure. Then it is sent to the gas collection system through the exhaust pipe, and finally the solid material discharged by the low-temperature roasting unit is collected.

Here are some specific examples of usage:

Example 1 (taking Huawei 8.4-inch tablet soft-pack battery as the processing object)

Put the 6100mAh pouch battery of Huawei's used 8.4-inch tablet into the feeding funnel (101), and the battery is evenly sent to the feeding funnel (201) at a speed of 0.4m/s through the skirt baffle conveyor belt (103), and then the battery falls into the crusher (202), the symmetrical spray nozzle (601) above the crusher sprays liquid nitrogen to provide protection for the crushing process, the negative pressure exhaust port (701) continuously extracts gas, the temperature sensor (605) and the oxygen content sensor (606 ) to detect the temperature and oxygen content in the crushing process, the crushed material falls on the screen (301), the solid material and the waste liquid are preliminarily separated by the vibrating motor (302), and the waste liquid falls into the liquid collector (401) for collection , the solid material shakes to the low-temperature baking unit (5) with the inclined vibrating screen, and the solid material passes through the conveyor running at a speed of 0.1m/s in the baking cavity to the final discharge port, and passes through the low-temperature heating module (503 ) to control the baking chamber at about 50°C, and the evaporated gas is collected through the gas collection module (502) to facilitate subsequent centralized processing. It takes about 1 minute for a single battery to pass through the entire device, and the device can process about 62kg of pouch batteries in one hour .

Embodiment 2 (taking the soft pack battery of Xiaomi 10.1-inch tablet computer as the processing object)

Put the 8620mAh pouch battery of Xiaomi’s waste 10.1-inch tablet into the feeding funnel (101), and the battery is evenly sent to the feeding funnel (201) through the skirt baffle conveyor belt (103) at a speed of 0.4m/s, and then the battery falls into the crusher (202), the symmetrical spray nozzle (601) above the crusher sprays liquid nitrogen to provide protection for the crushing process, the negative pressure exhaust port (701) continuously extracts gas, the temperature sensor (605) and the oxygen content sensor (606 ) to detect the temperature and oxygen content in the crushing process, the crushed material falls on the screen (301), the solid material and the waste liquid are preliminarily separated by the vibrating motor (302), and the waste liquid falls into the liquid collector (401) for collection , the solid material shakes to the low-temperature baking unit (5) with the inclined vibrating screen, and the solid material passes through the conveyor running at a speed of 0.1m/s in the baking cavity to the final discharge port, and passes through the low-temperature heating module (503 ) to control the baking chamber at about 50°C, and the evaporated gas is collected through the gas collection module (502) to facilitate subsequent centralized processing. It takes about 1 minute for a single battery to pass through the entire equipment, and the equipment can process about 83kg of pouch batteries in one hour .

Embodiment 3 (taking Microsoft's 13-inch tablet computer soft pack battery as the processing object)

Place the 50.2Wh pouch battery of Microsoft's waste 13-inch tablet into the feeding funnel (101), and the battery is evenly sent to the feeding funnel (201) at a speed of 0.4m/s through the skirt baffle conveyor belt (103), and then the battery Falling into the crusher (202), the symmetrical spray nozzle (601) above the crusher sprays liquid nitrogen to provide protection for the crushing process, the negative pressure exhaust port (701) continuously extracts gas, the temperature sensor (605) and the oxygen content sensor ( 606) Detect the temperature and oxygen content of the crushing process. After crushing, the material falls on the screen (301), and the solid material and waste liquid are initially separated by the vibrating motor (302), and the waste liquid falls into the liquid collector (401) for further processing. Collected, the solid material shakes to the low-temperature baking unit (5) with the inclined vibrating screen, and the solid material passes through the conveyor running at a speed of 0.1m/s in the baking cavity to the final discharge port, and passes through the low-temperature heating module ( 503) Control the temperature of the baking cavity at about 50°C, and the evaporated gas is collected by the gas collection module (502) to facilitate subsequent centralized processing. It takes about 1 minute for a single battery to pass through the entire device, and the device can process about 97kg of soft bags in one hour Battery.

Embodiment 4 (taking apple's 11-inch tablet computer soft pack battery as processing object)

Put the 28.65Wh pouch battery of Apple’s waste 11-inch tablet into the feeding funnel (101), and the battery is evenly sent to the feeding funnel (201) at a speed of 0.4m/s through the skirt baffle conveyor belt (103), and then the battery Falling into the crusher (202), the symmetrical spray nozzle (601) above the crusher sprays liquid nitrogen to provide protection for the crushing process, the negative pressure exhaust port (701) continuously extracts gas, the temperature sensor (605) and the oxygen content sensor ( 606) Detect the temperature and oxygen content of the crushing process. After crushing, the material falls on the screen (301), and the solid material and waste liquid are initially separated by the vibrating motor (302), and the waste liquid falls into the liquid collector (401) for further processing. Collected, the solid material shakes to the low-temperature baking unit (5) with the inclined vibrating screen, and the solid material passes through the conveyor running at a speed of 0.1m/s in the baking cavity to the final discharge port, and passes through the low-temperature heating module ( 503) Control the temperature of the baking cavity at about 50°C, and the evaporated gas is collected through the gas collection module (502) to facilitate subsequent centralized processing. It takes about 1 minute for a single battery to pass through the entire device, and the device can process about 92kg of soft bags in one hour Battery.

Embodiment 5 (with various pouch battery mixtures lower than 4200mAh as processing object)

Put the mixed pouch battery into the feeding hopper (101), and the battery is evenly sent to the feeding hopper (201) through the skirt baffle conveyor belt (103) at a speed of 0.4m/s, and then the battery falls into the crusher (202) Among them, the symmetrical spray nozzle (601) above the crusher sprays liquid nitrogen to protect the crushing process, the negative pressure exhaust port (701) continuously draws gas, the temperature sensor (605) and the oxygen content sensor (606) detect the temperature of the crushing process and oxygen content, the crushed material falls on the screen (301), and the solid material and waste liquid are initially separated by the vibrating motor (302), and the waste liquid falls into the liquid collector (401) for collection, and the solid material The vibrating screen shakes to the low-temperature baking unit (5), and the solid material is brought to the final discharge port through the conveyor running at a speed of 0.1m/s in the baking cavity. During the transmission process, the low-temperature heating module (503) controls the baking cavity to be At about 50°C, the evaporated gas is collected by the gas collection module (502) for subsequent centralized processing. It takes about 1 minute for a single battery to pass through the entire device, and the device can process about 126kg of pouch batteries in one hour.

Embodiment 1 to embodiment 5 experimental results are shown in the table below:

Based on the above-mentioned embodiments, this solution adopts the combination of technologies such as three-dimensional layout liquid nitrogen protection, negative pressure exhaust, vibrating screen screening, intelligent sensor feedback and low-temperature baking, which can well realize the direct charged crushing of waste soft pack batteries. The crushing effect is strong and the adaptability is strong. The whole equipment adopts automatic design and intelligent feedback system, which greatly improves the crushing efficiency and safety.

The basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments. What are described in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description only illustrate the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will also have Various changes and improvements fall within the scope of the claimed invention, which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a direct electrified crushing equipment of old and useless soft packet of lithium cell, the direct electrified crushing equipment of old and useless soft packet of lithium cell is used for broken old and useless soft packet of lithium cell, its characterized in that: the direct electrified crushing equipment of soft packet of lithium cell of old and useless includes:

the device comprises a feeding unit (1), a crushing unit (2), a screening unit (3), a liquid collecting unit (4), a low-temperature baking unit (5), a crushing protection system (6) and a gas collecting system (7);

the waste soft package lithium battery sequentially enters a crushing unit (2) and a screening unit (3) through a feeding unit (1), solid discharged from the screening unit (3) enters a low-temperature baking unit (5), liquid enters a liquid collecting unit (4), and gas enters a gas collecting system (7);

feeding unit (1): the feeding unit (1) feeds the soft package lithium battery into the crushing unit (2);

crushing unit (2): the crushing unit (2) is used for crushing the soft package lithium battery sent by the feeding unit (1);

a screening unit (3): the screening unit (3) uses a vibrating screen to separate the battery solid materials and the crushed waste liquid generated in the crushing process of the crushing unit (2);

liquid collecting unit (4): the liquid collecting unit (4) is positioned at the bottom of the screening unit (3) and is used for collecting liquid in the screening unit (3);

low temperature baking unit (5): the low-temperature baking unit (5) is positioned at one side of the screening unit (3) and used for collecting solids in the screening unit (3); the low-temperature roasting unit (5) is used for roasting waste liquid remained in the solid material while conveying the solid material;

fragmentation protection system (6): the crushing protection system (6) is arranged on one side of the crushing unit (2) and protects materials in the crushing unit (2) from splashing; meanwhile, liquid nitrogen is used as a protective medium in the crushing protection system (6) to prevent combustion and explosion in the crushing process;

gas collection system (7): the gas collection system (7) is located on the other side of the screening unit (3) and used for collecting gas in the screening unit (3), and the gas collection system also provides negative pressure exhaust for the crushing process.

2. The waste soft-package lithium battery direct-charging crushing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the feeding unit (1) comprises a feeding hopper (101), a feeding hopper bracket (102), a skirt baffle conveying belt (103) and a conveyor bracket (104); the feeding hopper (101) is fixed on a feeding hopper bracket (102), the feeding hopper bracket (102) stretches over the feeding end of the conveying belt, the top end of the feeding hopper (101) is provided with a feeding hole, and the lower end of the feeding hopper is provided with a discharging hole; the soft-package lithium battery falls into a feeding end block-shaped conveying area of the skirt baffle conveying belt (103) through the feeding hopper (101), and the soft-package lithium battery is conveyed into the feeding hopper beside the top of the conveyor at a constant speed by the conveyor.

3. The waste soft-package lithium battery direct charged crushing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the crushing unit (2) comprises a feeding funnel (201), a crusher (202), a crusher support (203), a rigid flange (204), a flexible metal pipe (205) and a maintenance door (206), wherein the feeding funnel (201) is positioned above the crusher (202), and an opening is formed in the side edge of the feeding funnel (201) and connected with the discharge end of the feeding unit (1); the crusher support (203) is positioned below the crusher, and the crusher (202) is connected with the crusher support (203) by a rigid flange (204); breaker support (203) side is equipped with maintenance door (206) of maintaining, and soft packet of lithium cell enters into through feed hopper (201) breaker (202) in carry out the breakage.

4. The waste soft-package lithium battery direct charged crushing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: screening unit (3) are located inside breaker support (203), and it includes screen cloth (301), vibrating motor (302), spring assembly (303), the one end of screen cloth (301) is passed through the hinge and is linked to each other with the breaker support, and the other end links to each other with the spring assembly, and the spring in the spring assembly is vertical to be fixed in the breaker support, and vibrating motor connects and provides the vibration source for the screen cloth on the screen frame, and the screening unit is sieved electrolyte and broken material and is separated.

5. The waste soft-package lithium battery direct charged crushing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the liquid collecting unit (4) comprises a liquid collector (401) and a liquid collector support (402), the liquid collector support (402) is located below the crusher support (203), the liquid collector (401) is fixed in the liquid collector support (402) in a funnel shape, and electrolyte generated by the screening unit is collected by the liquid collector (401).

6. The waste soft-package lithium battery direct charged crushing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the low-temperature baking unit (5) comprises a baking cavity (501), a gas collecting module (502), a low-temperature heating module (503), a low-temperature baking unit support (504) and a flexible metal pipe (505), the baking cavity is connected with a screening unit through the flexible metal pipe, a belt conveyor is arranged in the baking cavity to convey solid materials, heating strips are evenly distributed on the inner side wall of the cavity, a row of gas collecting ports are arranged at the top of the cavity at equal intervals, the solid materials are conveyed to a discharge port slowly by the conveyor after entering the baking cavity from the screening unit, in the conveying process, the solid materials are continuously baked by the low-temperature heating module in the baking cavity, residual electrolyte in the solid materials is evaporated, and the gas collecting module collects the evaporated electrolyte and conveys the electrolyte into a gas collecting system through a pipeline.

7. The waste soft-package lithium battery direct charged crushing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the crushing protection system (6) is a crushing protection system (6) which uses liquid nitrogen as a protection medium to prevent combustion and explosion in the crushing process; the crushing protection system (6) comprises a spray nozzle (601), a liquid nitrogen transmission pipe (602), an air pump (603), a liquid nitrogen storage tank (604), a temperature sensor (605), an oxygen content sensor (606), an alarm device (607) and a start-stop controller (608); the liquid nitrogen storage tank is positioned on the side part of the whole device, the air pump and the liquid nitrogen transmission pipe convey the liquid nitrogen in the storage tank to the spray nozzle, the spray nozzle is positioned on the side wall of the top end of the feeding hopper, and the spray amount of the liquid nitrogen can be controlled by controlling the air pump; a temperature sensor and an oxygen content sensor are arranged on the side wall of the feeding hopper close to the inlet of the crusher, the temperature sensor and the oxygen content sensor respectively detect the temperature and the oxygen content in the device, and the sensors are connected with an alarm device and a start-stop controller.

8. The waste soft-package lithium battery direct-charging crushing equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: the spray nozzles are spray heads with adjustable angles, and are symmetrically distributed on the inner wall of the top end of the feeding hopper, so that crossed liquid nitrogen low-temperature and anaerobic protection areas are formed above the crusher.

9. The waste soft-package lithium battery direct-charging crushing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the gas collection system (7) comprises a negative pressure gas exhaust port (701), an exhaust pipe (702) and an air pump (703), the negative pressure gas exhaust port is located on the side wall of the screening unit, the exhaust pipe is respectively connected with the negative pressure gas exhaust port in the screening unit and the gas collection module of the low-temperature baking unit, and the vacuum pump collects waste gas generated in the process of processing the soft package lithium battery by the whole equipment through the exhaust pipe.

10. A waste soft package lithium battery direct charged crushing method based on the equipment in claims 1-9, which is characterized in that: the charged crushing method comprises the following steps:

the first step is as follows: feeding the soft package lithium batteries to a feeding unit, and conveying the soft package lithium batteries to a crushing unit at a constant speed by a skirt baffle conveyer belt;

secondly, the soft package battery enters a crusher to be crushed, and liquid nitrogen is continuously sprayed out of a spray nozzle in the three-dimensional layout in the crushing process to ensure that the crushing process is safely carried out;

the third step: the crushed materials enter a screening unit, a vibrating screen screens solid materials from electrolyte, the electrolyte leaks into a liquid collecting unit, and the solid materials enter a low-temperature baking unit;

the fourth step: the solid material is slowly conveyed to the discharge port by the conveyor belt in the low-temperature baking unit, the solid material is continuously baked at low temperature in the cavity in the moving process, residual waste liquid in the solid material is evaporated, the gas collection module absorbs the gas through negative pressure and then conveys the gas to the gas collection system through the exhaust pipeline, and finally the solid material discharged by the low-temperature baking unit is collected.

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