CN1175005A - 向列型液晶的驱动方法 - Google Patents

向列型液晶的驱动方法 Download PDF

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CN1175005A
CN1175005A CN97117394.XA CN97117394A CN1175005A CN 1175005 A CN1175005 A CN 1175005A CN 97117394 A CN97117394 A CN 97117394A CN 1175005 A CN1175005 A CN 1175005A
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冲田雅也
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Kabushiki Kaisha RISE
Masaya Okita
HDT Inc
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/04Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions
    • G09G3/16Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/18Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/36Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
    • G09G3/3611Control of matrices with row and column drivers
    • G09G3/3622Control of matrices with row and column drivers using a passive matrix
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2310/00Command of the display device
    • G09G2310/02Addressing, scanning or driving the display screen or processing steps related thereto
    • G09G2310/0235Field-sequential colour display

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Abstract

一种向列型液晶的驱动方法,其特征在于,在将夹于共用电极及区段电极间的向列型液晶置于两偏光板间的液晶显示装置中,备有将选择脉冲施加给共用电极的手段、和根据所述选择脉冲将对应于应显示的图像数据的电压施加给区段电极的手段,在所述共用电极的选择脉冲未施加期间,将与对应于所述图像数据的电压的不同电压施加给所述区段电极。该方法能以低价、高速、高精度使向列型液晶进行彩色显示。

Description

向列型液晶的驱动方法
本发明涉及液晶的驱动方法,尤其涉及向列型液晶的驱动方法。
如果在具有透明电极的两块透明平板间夹有向列型液晶,并置于两偏光板间,那末可以知道,通过所述两偏光板光的透射率将随加于所述两透明电极的电压而变化。
使用上述原理的液晶显示装置,具有厚度薄、耗电省等特点,以手表和电子台式计算器为代表正得到广泛的应用。
近年来又与滤色片相结合,已用于笔记本个人计算机和小型液晶电视等的彩色显示器装置。
在与滤色片(colour filter)组合可显示彩色的液晶显示装置中,虽可组合红、绿、蓝3色点进行彩色显示,但这种滤色片极其昂贵,且面板粘合作业要求精度高。
再有,为了获得与黑白液晶显示面板同等的图像清晰度,必需3倍的点数,故通常在液晶面板中水平方向的驱动电路数为3倍,增加了费用,同时面板与驱动电路的连接点数也为3倍,这样使连接作业也变得困难。
因此,作为使用液晶面板进行彩色显示的方法,对于使用滤色片的方式,高费用的要素多,难以低价制造。
为此,如在特开平1-179914号公报中所记载,人们提出了将黑白液晶面板与3色背照光(back light)相组合进行彩色显示的方法,作为不使用滤色片的彩色液晶显示装置,与滤色片方式相比,能实现低价高分辨率的彩色显示,但在已有的液晶驱动方法中,难以对液晶高速驱动,至今未达实用化。
在以往的液晶显示装置中,由于液晶响应速度慢,故在电视等动画重放情况下,或使个人计算机中鼠标器光标等高速运动情况下,与使用阴极射线显像管的显示相比,性能差。
本发明用于解决上述课题,其目的在于提供一种响应速度快的向列型液晶驱动方法,即,通过改变驱动方法,加速以往使用的TN型或STN型向列型液晶的响应速度,从而能获得与上述3色背照光的彩色化或与动画再现中使用显像管(阴极射线管)的显示器同等以上的性能。
为解决上述课题,本发明的特征在于,通过在与以往液晶驱动电路不同的时间上将电压施加给液晶,从而加速了液晶的响应速度。
向列型液晶的一般电气光学特性如图1所示,图1中施加电压与极性无关,而与有效值有关。
近年来,有人提出同时选择多根扫描线的有源(active)驱动法作为用STN液晶面板实现和TFT液晶面板同样图像质量的驱动方法。
这种有源驱动方法,同时选择多根扫描线,增加了一帧期间扫描线的选择次数,从而改善了对比度和响应速度,但使用了由施加电压的有效值决定向列型液晶光透射率这一特性,在这一点上与已有技术驱动方式没有什么不同。
以往,向列型液晶的响应速度从数十毫秒至数百毫秒,要想获得能实现3色背照光的彩色化的响应速度是困难的。
本发明为开发具有能实现3色背照光彩色化的响应速度的液晶面板,在测定向列型液晶的外加电压波形与光透射率的动态特性时,发现:外加电压变化时,光透射率随外加电压波形而存在高速变化的状态。
反复产生这种光透射率高速变化的状态,能获得响应速度远远高于已有驱动方法、对比度良好的特性。
下面结合附图详细说明本发明实施形态。
图1为向列型液晶的电气光学特性的关系图;
图2表示本发明实施形态中向列型液晶的光透射率时间随外加电压变化而变化的说明图;
图3表示区段(segment)电压不变化时向列型液晶光透射率时间随外加电压变化而变化的说明图;
图4表示区段(segment)电压不变化时向列型液晶光透射率时间随外加电压变化而变化的说明图;
图5表示本发明实施形态中区段电压变化周期为2倍时,向列型液晶光透射率时间随外加电压变化而变化的说明图。
图2表示本发明实施形态中向列型液晶光透射率时间随外加电压变化而变化,表现为相对于单纯矩阵(matrix)方式的向列型液晶面板中一个点,给区段(segment)电极和共用电极外加电压波形与所述一个点的光透射率的关系。
这里,可看到,外加给共用电极的电压仅在选择共用电极期间输出脉冲,在对被选择的共用电极输出脉冲期间,当施加给区段电极的电压为Vseg 1时,对应点的光透射率瞬间变化,当施加给区段电极的电压为Vseg 0时,对应点的光透射率不变化。
因此,对应于施加给共用电极上的脉冲时间,将对应于要显示的图像数据的电压施加给区段电极,就能显示图像。
本发明实施形态中驱动时间的特点在于,在一帧期间,当选择共用电极期间区段电压为Vseg 1,当未选择共用电极期间区段电压为Vseg 0。
图3和图4表示已有技术电压施加方法与本发明实施形态的比较,所谓施加电压波形不同,只是说图3和图4中施加给区段电极的电压为固定值。
图2、图3和图4中使用的液晶材料,也即使用在向列型液晶中具有图1所示那样的电气光学特性变化比较缓慢的一般性的TN型液晶。
因此,从已有技术出发,液晶光透射率由选择共用电极时施加电压的有效值决定的,所以若如图3和图4所示,区段电压Vseg 0及Vseg 1任一值为固定时,光透射率处于低状态下的固定值,则理应不发生如图2所示,在区段电压在Vseg0与Vseg 1之间切换,光透射率变化的现象。
但是,即使使用极一般的TN型液晶材料,也即使用间隙(gap)为5~6μm不那么薄的面板,如图2所示光透射率也发生变化,光透射率随共用电压变化开始变化,直至回到初始光透射率所需时间为15~20ms,动作速度极高。
这里,图2所示光透射率高速变化特性最明显的是在Vcom 0低于Vseg 0,Vcom 1高于Vseg 1的情况,也即选择共用电极期间相对于不选择共用电极期间,施加电压的极性相反的情况。
在图2中,即使共用电压选择周期为一半,在一帧期间,区段电压为Vseg 0时必定选择共用电极的情况下,光透射率变化未必有那么大的差。
但是,在图2所示的本发明实施形态中,显示黑情况的区段电压在一帧期间固定于Vseg 0,在显示黑的情况下,取共用电极为非选择期间的区段电压为Vseg1时能很好地显示黑,若上述选择周期为一半,区段电压为Vseg 1时,由于选择共用电极,故显示白。
图5在本发明实施形态中表示仅改变区段电压变化周期时光透射率变化的状况,由图可见,每帧期间改变区段电压的情况与一帧内改变区段电压的情况相比,光透射率变化速度慢很多。
因此可见,通过在先前周期改变区段电压,能使液晶透光率高速变化。
在本发明实施例子,为了进行高对比度的显示,最好在脉冲加在共用电极上、液晶的光透射率瞬间变化后,待光透射率返回到起始值,再加上下一个脉冲。
因此,在本发明实施形态中,若帧周期短,对比度就低,另一方面,若帧周期长,则会产生闪烁等不良情况。
在本发明实施形态中,可见非选择时区段电压变化周期对光透射率变化速度影响大,光透射率回到起始值的时间随液晶材料特性、尤其是液晶材料的粘性有大的变化。
因此,通过选择光透射率回到起始值时间短的液晶材料,可抑制闪烁的发生,同时可进行高对比度的显示。
由于光透射率回到起始值的时间受液晶材料粘性等影响大,故可通过提高液晶面板的温度,即使不改变液晶材料也能进行高对比度显示。
本发明实施例中列举单纯矩阵方式的液晶面板的应用例,除了使用单纯矩阵方式液晶面板能实现比TFT方式的液晶面板高得多的响应速度外,还具有同样的对比度,视场角也好,能实现与TFT方式液晶面板同等的或比其更高的性能。
如上所述,本发明由于在液晶面板上描绘图像至该图像完全消失为止是在一帧期间中进行的,故能获得极高速响应,是动画再现的最佳方式。
本发明不仅可应用于单纯矩阵方式的液晶面板,而且除了使用单纯矩阵方式液晶面板能实现比TFT方式的液晶面板高得多的响应速度外,还具有同样的对比度,视场角也好,能实现与TFT方式液晶面板同等的或比其更高的性能。
通过将这种驱动方式应用于TFT方式的液晶面板,从而也能改善TFT方式的液晶面板的动作速度。
已有的有源(active)驱动方法,为驱动所必需的电压种类多,控制器也复杂,故驱动电路价格高,与此相反,本发明为驱动所必需的电压种类少,驱动同步也简单,能以与以往单纯矩阵驱动方式的驱动电路同样的成本来实现。
再有,本发明由于在液晶面板上描述图像至该图像完全消失为止是在一帧期间内进行的,所以是一种使用3色背照光彩色显示方法的最佳方法,能实现不仅性能高且价格也低的彩色显示器。

Claims (4)

1.一种向列型液晶的驱动方法,其特征在于,在将夹于共用电极及区段电极间的向列型液晶置于两偏光板间的液晶显示装置中,备有将选择脉冲施加给共用电极的手段、和根据所述选择脉冲将对应于应显示的图像数据的电压施加给区段电极的手段,在所述共用电极的选择脉冲未施加期间,将与对应于所述图像数据的电压的不同电压施加给所述区段电极。
2.一种向列型液晶的驱动方法,其特征在于,在将夹于共用电极及区段电极间的向列型液晶置于两偏光板间的液晶显示装置中,备有将选择脉冲施加给共用电极的手段、根据所述选择脉冲将对应于应显示的图像数据的电压施加给区段电极的手段、和与所述图像数据无关将预定电压施加给所述区段电极的手段,按照将选择脉冲施加给所述共用电极的周期切换施加于所述区段电极的电压。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的向列型液晶的驱动方法,其特征在于,设定施加给所述共用电极及区段电极的电压,使得当将选择脉冲施加给所述共用电极时使施加于所述液晶的电压极性相反。
4.如权利要求1或2或3所述的向列型液晶的驱动方法,其特征在于,还可备有使向列型液晶的温度上升到预定温度的加热手段。
CNB97117394XA 1996-08-06 1997-08-06 向列型液晶的驱动方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1144082C (zh)

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US6424329B1 (en) 2002-07-23
US6154191A (en) 2000-11-28
EP0825583A3 (en) 1998-09-30
JPH1049112A (ja) 1998-02-20
CN1144082C (zh) 2004-03-31
US20020057246A1 (en) 2002-05-16
JP3442581B2 (ja) 2003-09-02

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