CN117489345A - Stoping and subsequent filling mining method for pulse internal mining quasi-segmented empty yard unit - Google Patents
Stoping and subsequent filling mining method for pulse internal mining quasi-segmented empty yard unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN117489345A CN117489345A CN202311602679.7A CN202311602679A CN117489345A CN 117489345 A CN117489345 A CN 117489345A CN 202311602679 A CN202311602679 A CN 202311602679A CN 117489345 A CN117489345 A CN 117489345A
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- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The application discloses an intra-pulse mining quasi-segmented empty-yard unit stoping and later filling mining method; relates to the technical field of mining, which comprises the following steps: step one: carrying out secondary circling; step two: dividing the direction of the thick and large ore body defined by secondary circle into ore blocks, and dividing the ore blocks into two steps of stopes; step three: dividing the two-step stope into a plurality of unit stopes, and reserving a certain thickness of studs between units of the stopes; the middle section of the unit stope is internally divided into a plurality of sections; step four: tunneling a ramp in the surrounding rock of the lower disc of the ore body, and communicating the upper section and the lower section of the ore body; tunneling a connecting roadway and a segmented roadway; respectively tunneling a rock drilling tunnel in a middle section transportation tunnel and a section tunnel of a stope; digging an ore inlet and outlet access way in the middle section of the bottom of the stope; step five: tunneling a plurality of slide mines beside a rock drilling tunnel; the extraction efficiency and the safety of the thick and large broken ore bodies are improved, and the extraction ratio is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of mining, in particular to a stoping and subsequent filling mining method for an intra-pulse mining quasi-segmented empty-yard unit.
Background
The mining method of the thick and large broken ore body with poor stability of the ore body surrounding rock mainly comprises a layered filling method and a sectional open-stope subsequent filling method.
The layered filling method has strong adaptability, the sectional roadway can be flexibly adjusted, but the mining engineering quantity is large, the mining cost is high, and the method can be suitable for extracting high-value ores with large thickness. The conventional segmented open-stope subsequent filling method is relatively low in mining cost, but because surrounding rocks of ore bodies are unstable, the stope top is firstly subjected to stoping through a layered filling method or high-strength supporting such as anchor cable grouting and the like on the stope top in order to effectively control the exposed area of a stope roof and reduce the safety risk of worker equipment operation, and the lower ore bodies are subjected to stoping after environmental reconstruction, so that the stoping process is complex, the production efficiency is low, and the ore loss rate is high. In addition, all the mining standard projects of the two mining methods are arranged in surrounding rocks, the difficulty of engineering construction is high due to surrounding rock crushing, and the tunneling efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to efficiently mine thick and large crushed ore bodies with poor surrounding rock stability, the application provides an intra-pulse mining quasi-segmented empty-field unit stoping and subsequent filling mining method.
The application provides an intra-pulse mining quasi-segmented empty-yard unit stoping subsequent filling mining method, which adopts the following technical scheme:
an intra-pulse mining quasi-segmented empty site unit stoping subsequent filling mining method comprises the following steps:
step one: secondary circling is carried out on the outline of the ore body;
step two: dividing the secondarily-defined thick and large ore body into ore blocks in the direction perpendicular to the trend direction of the ore body, and dividing the ore blocks into two-step stopes;
step three: dividing the two-step stope into a plurality of unit stopes according to the length direction of the stope, and reserving a gap pillar with a certain thickness between stope units; the middle section of the unit stope is divided into a plurality of sections according to a certain height;
step four: tunneling a ramp in the surrounding rock of the lower disc of the ore body, and communicating the upper section and the lower section of the ore body; tunneling a connecting roadway and a segmented roadway; respectively tunneling a rock drilling tunnel in a middle section transportation tunnel and a section tunnel of a stope; digging an ore inlet and outlet access way in the middle section of the bottom of the stope;
step five: a plurality of spaced slide mines which penetrate through the upper middle section and the lower middle section are tunneled beside the rock drilling tunnel, and the slide mines are arranged in a mine body;
step six: and carrying out blasting stoping and filling in steps, and utilizing a chute to discharge ores.
Further, the second step is to divide the ore body into ore blocks along the direction vertical to the trend direction of the ore body, wherein the height of the ore blocks can reach 40-50 m, the height of the middle section is divided into 4-5 sections, and the height of the sections is generally 8-10 m; the structural parameters of the ore blocks are determined according to the stability of the ore rocks, the length of the ore blocks is generally 15-30 m, and the width of the ore blocks is 20-25 m.
Further, the third step is to divide the ore blocks into a first step stope and a second step stope along the width direction, wherein the width of the first step stope is smaller than that of the second step stope, the width of the first step stope is 10-12 m, and the width of the second step stope is 12-14 m; the two-step stope is divided into units at intervals of about 10m along the length direction, a certain thickness of the studs is reserved between the units, and the width of each stud is generally 3-5 m.
In the fourth step, a connecting roadway and a segmented roadway are tunneled every 8-10 m in the vertical direction of the inclined ramp, and the segmented roadway is positioned in one side of the partial ore body at the junction of the ore body and the lower wall surrounding rock.
Further, in the fourth step, a rock drilling roadway is driven in the middle section transportation roadway and the section roadway of the stope, every stope width, the rock drilling roadway is positioned in the middle of the stope, and a mine entering and exiting route is driven in the middle section of the bottom of the stope from the rock drilling roadway of the two stopes to the rock drilling roadway of the one stope, and the mine exiting route is generally arranged every 10-15 m.
And step five, specifically, tunneling a chute which penetrates through the upper middle section and the lower middle section beside the rock drilling tunnel every 100-120 m, wherein the chute is arranged in a mine body and is used as a passage for the upper middle section and the lower middle section to go out of the mine.
Further, the stope stoping is carried out in two steps, namely, stoping is carried out in a unit stope of one step; constructing dense upward parallel blast holes and upward fan-shaped blast holes in a rock drilling tunnel close to an upper disc of an ore body, and blasting once to form a cutting groove; then upward constructing a sector blast hole in the rock drilling tunnel, blasting stope ores by utilizing a cutting groove space formed after blasting, and shoveling the blasted ores in an ore removal access to a mine by using a scraper;
filling connecting roadways from the upper middle section to the empty areas of the unit stopes after the ores of the whole unit stopes are completely mined; the partition unit stope is cut and mined in the same way, and the reserved studs and the unit stope are mined simultaneously.
In summary, the present application includes the following beneficial technical effects:
the mining field is divided into a plurality of units along the length direction, and meanwhile, the quasi-mining engineering such as sectional engineering is arranged inside the ore body, so that the problems that the mining efficiency and the safety of the thick and large crushed ore body with poor surrounding rock stability of the ore body are improved, and the mining ratio is reduced due to the fact that the mining ratio of the thick and large crushed ore body is large by adopting a layered filling method and a sectional open-field subsequent filling method, the production efficiency is low, the construction difficulty of the quasi-mining engineering due to surrounding rock crushing is high and the like are solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary method for stoping and then filling a stope unit in a quasi-segmented empty yard in a vein according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a section I-I of FIG. 1.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a stud; 2. a ramp; 3. a connecting roadway; 4. sectional gallery; 5. drilling a rock roadway; 6. ore drawing route; 7. a mine is slipped; 8. the upper middle section is filled with a connecting roadway; 9. a middle section transportation roadway; 10. medium-length hole blast holes; 11. the ore is caving.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below in conjunction with figures 1-2.
The embodiment of the application discloses an intra-pulse quasi-segmented empty-yard unit stoping and then filling mining method, which comprises the following steps:
step one: and (5) carrying out secondary circling on the profile of the ore body by using geological drilling.
Step two: and (3) carrying out ore block division on the ore body defined secondarily in a direction perpendicular to the trend direction of the ore body, wherein the height of the ore block can reach 40-50 m, the height of the middle section is divided into 4-5 sections, and the height of the sections is generally 8-10 m. The structural parameters of the ore blocks are determined according to the stability of the ore rocks, the length of the ore blocks is generally 15-30 m, and the width of the ore blocks is 20-25 m. Dividing the ore blocks into two steps of stopes along the width direction, wherein the width of the stope of one step is smaller than that of the stope of two steps, the width of the stope of one step is 10-12 m, and the width of the stope of two steps is 12-14 m.
Step three: the two-step stope is divided into unit stopes at intervals of about 10m along the length direction, a certain thickness of the stud is reserved between the unit stopes, and the width of the stud is generally 3-5 m.
Step four: and tunneling a ramp in the surrounding rock of the lower disc of the ore body, and communicating the upper section with the lower section. And tunneling a connecting roadway and a segmented roadway at intervals of 8-10 m in the vertical direction of the ramp, wherein the segmented roadway is positioned in one side of the ore body at the junction of the ore body and the lower wall surrounding rock. Respectively tunneling a rock drilling roadway at intervals of stope widths in a middle section transportation roadway and a sectional roadway of the stope, wherein the rock drilling roadway is positioned in the middle of the stope, and tunneling an ore entering and exiting route from the two-step stope rock drilling roadway to the one-step stope rock drilling roadway at the middle section of the bottom of the stope, wherein the ore exiting route is generally distributed at intervals of 10-15 m.
Step five: every 100-120 m, a chute 7 which penetrates through the upper middle section and the lower middle section is tunneled beside the rock drilling tunnel, and the chute is arranged in a mine body and used as a passage for the upper middle section and the lower middle section to go out of the mine.
Step six: stope stoping is carried out in two steps, and a unit stope is stoped in one step. And constructing dense upward parallel blast holes and upward fan-shaped blast holes in the rock drilling tunnel close to the upper disc of the ore body, and blasting once to form a cutting groove. And then upward constructing a sector blast hole in the rock drilling tunnel, and blasting stope ore by using a cutting groove space formed after blasting as a unit stope for stoping.
The ore which is blasted and fallen is shoveled to a chute in an ore outlet and inlet path by a scraper, and after the ore of the whole unit stope is completely mined, a connecting roadway is filled from the upper middle section to fill the empty area of the unit stope; the partition unit stope is cut and mined in the same way, and the reserved studs and the unit stope are mined simultaneously.
In the embodiment, the stope is divided into a plurality of units along the length direction, and meanwhile, the quasi-mining engineering such as the sectional engineering is arranged inside the ore body, so that the problems that the mining efficiency and the safety of the thick and large broken ore body are improved, and the mining ratio is reduced due to the fact that the thick and large broken ore body with poor surrounding rock stability adopts a layered filling method and a sectional open-stope subsequent filling method is large in mining ratio, low in production efficiency and large in construction difficulty of the surrounding rock quasi-mining engineering are solved.
In some embodiments, the unit stope length may be up to 12-16 m and the stud width may be up to 5-8 m.
In some embodiments, to reduce the exposed area of the upper wall rock, the unit stope is filled after the stope has completed 1/3-1/2 of the number of segments.
In some embodiments, the patio sections are arranged in the surrounding rock for a 90 ° mine to be arranged due to the slower inclination of the ore body.
The following describes the method for mining by stoping the pulse train quasi-segmented empty-yard unit in a filling manner in a specific embodiment:
the inclination angle of ore bodies of certain copper ores in Jiangxi province is 35-40 degrees, the thickness is 20-35 m, and the average grade of Cu is 0.97%. To tilt thick and large ore bodies, the ore bodies and surrounding rocks are less stable.
(1) Because stope stoping height is large and the segmented drift is arranged in the vein, production prospecting of the ore body is required to be enhanced on the basis of original geological data, and secondary circling is carried out on the contour of the ore body by using geological drilling.
(2) And (3) carrying out ore block division on the ore body defined secondarily in a direction perpendicular to the trend direction of the ore body, wherein the height of the ore block is 45m, the height of the middle section is divided into 4 sections, the height of the sections is 10m, and a 5m jack post is reserved. The length of the ore block is 30m, and the width of the ore block is 22m.
(3) Dividing the ore blocks into two steps of stopes along the width direction, wherein the width of one step of stope is 10m, and the width of the two steps of stope is 12m. The unit stope length is 10m, and the width of the stud is 4m.
(4) And (3) tunneling a ramp in the surrounding rock of the lower disc of the ore body to communicate the upper section with the lower section, wherein the gradient of the ramp is not more than 15% of the maximum allowable gradient. And tunneling a connecting roadway and a segmented roadway at intervals of 10m in the vertical direction of the ramp, wherein the segmented roadway is positioned in one side of the partial ore body at the junction of the ore body and the lower wall surrounding rock. And (3) sequentially tunneling a rock drilling roadway at intervals of 10m and 12m in the middle section transportation roadway and the segmented roadway of the stope, tunneling an ore entering and exiting route from the rock drilling roadway of the two-step stope to the rock drilling roadway of the one-step stope in the middle section of the bottom of the stope, and arranging one ore discharging route at intervals of 12m, wherein the two ore discharging routes are arranged in total.
(5) Every 100m, a chute well penetrating through the upper middle section and the lower middle section is tunneled beside the rock drilling tunnel, the net section of the mining standard engineering is 3.0m multiplied by 3.0m, and the mining standard engineering is supported by an anchor spraying net.
(6) Stope stoping is carried out in two steps, and a unit stope is stoped in one step. The stoping sequence in the stope is back stoping from one side to the other side. Firstly, constructing upward parallel blast holes and upward fan-shaped blast holes in a rock drilling tunnel close to an upper disc of an ore body, and blasting once to form a cutting groove. And then upward constructing a sector blast hole in the rock drilling tunnel, and blasting stope ore by utilizing a cutting groove space formed after blasting. And (3) shoveling the blasted and fallen ore to a chute in an ore outlet and inlet path by using a scraper, and filling a connecting roadway from the upper middle section to a unit stope goaf for filling after the ore of the whole unit stope is completely mined. The next unit stope is cut and stoped in the same way, and the reserved stud is constructed into an upward inclined hole when the cutting groove is constructed into a blast hole, and is blasted and stoped together with the cutting groove.
The achievement is achieved: compared with a layered filling method and a conventional segmented open-stope subsequent filling method, the ore mining ratio is reduced from 13.68m/kt to 9.6m/kt, the ore recovery rate is increased from 88% to 90%, the stope production capacity is increased from 110t/d to 155t/d, the quasi-mining engineering tunneling efficiency is increased from 50 m/month to 65 m/month, the supporting cost is reduced from 2000 yuan/m to 1650 yuan/m, and the purposes of improving the production efficiency and the safety are achieved. The method innovatively solves the problems of great difficulty and low efficiency of mining of the inclined thick and large ore body with poor stability of the ore body and surrounding rock.
The foregoing are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, therefore: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered in the protection scope of this application.
Claims (7)
1. An intra-pulse mining quasi-segmented empty-yard unit stoping subsequent filling mining method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
step one: secondary circling is carried out on the outline of the ore body;
step two: dividing the secondarily-defined thick ore body into ore blocks along the vertical ore body trend, and dividing the ore blocks into two-step stopes;
step three: dividing the two-step stope into a plurality of unit stopes according to the length direction of the two-step stope, and reserving a gap pillar with a certain thickness between the unit stopes; the middle section of the unit stope is divided into a plurality of sections according to a certain height;
step four: tunneling a ramp in the surrounding rock of the lower disc of the ore body, and communicating the upper section and the lower section of the ore body; tunneling a connecting roadway and a segmented roadway; respectively tunneling a rock drilling tunnel in a middle section transportation tunnel and a section tunnel of a stope; digging an ore inlet and outlet access way in the middle section of the bottom of the stope;
step five: a plurality of spaced slide mines which penetrate through the upper middle section and the lower middle section are tunneled beside the rock drilling tunnel, and the slide mines are arranged in a mine body;
step six: and carrying out blasting stoping and filling in steps, and utilizing a chute to discharge ores.
2. An intra-pulse mining quasi-segmented empty-field unit stoping and backfilling mining method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: dividing the ore body into ore blocks along the direction vertical to the trend direction of the ore body, wherein the height of the ore blocks can reach 40-50 m, the height of the middle section is divided into 4-5 sections, and the height of the sections is generally 8-10 m; the structural parameters of the ore blocks are determined according to the stability of the ore rocks, the length of the ore blocks is generally 15-30 m, and the width of the ore blocks is 20-25 m.
3. An intra-pulse mining quasi-segmented empty-field unit stoping and backfilling mining method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: dividing the ore blocks into a first-step stope and a second-step stope along the width direction, wherein the width of the first-step stope is 10-12 m, and the width of the second-step stope is 12-14 m; the two-step stope is divided into a unit stope at intervals of about 10m along the length direction, and a stud with the width of 3-5 m is reserved between the unit stopes.
4. An intra-pulse mining quasi-segmented empty-field unit stoping and backfilling mining method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the fourth step, a connecting roadway and a segmented roadway are tunneled every 8-10 m in the vertical direction of the inclined ramp, and the segmented roadway is positioned in one side of the partial ore body at the junction of the ore body and the lower wall surrounding rock.
5. An intra-pulse mining quasi-segmented empty-field unit stoping and backfilling mining method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the fourth step, a rock drilling roadway is driven in the middle section transportation roadway and the sectional level roadway of the stope, every stope width, the rock drilling roadway is positioned in the middle of the stope, and an ore entering and exiting route is driven in the middle section at the bottom of the stope from the two-step stope rock drilling roadway to the one-step stope rock drilling roadway, and the ore exiting route is generally arranged every 10-15 m.
6. An intra-pulse mining quasi-segmented empty-field unit stoping and backfilling mining method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and step five, tunneling a chute which penetrates through the upper middle section and the lower middle section beside the rock drilling tunnel every 100-120 m, wherein the chute is arranged in a mine body and is used as a passage for the upper middle section and the lower middle section to go out of the mine.
7. An intra-pulse mining quasi-segmented empty-field unit stoping and backfilling mining method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: step six, stope stoping is carried out in two steps, and a unit stope of one step is stoped first; constructing dense upward parallel blast holes and upward fan-shaped blast holes in a rock drilling tunnel close to an upper disc of an ore body, and blasting once to form a cutting groove; then upward constructing an upward fan-shaped blast hole in the rock drilling tunnel, blasting stope ores by utilizing a cutting groove space formed after blasting, shoveling the blasted ores in an ore removal access to a mine by using a scraper, and filling the connecting tunnel from the upper middle section to a goaf of the unit stope after the ore of the whole unit stope is completely mined; the partition unit stope is cut and mined in the same way, and the reserved studs and the unit stope are mined simultaneously.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311602679.7A CN117489345A (en) | 2023-11-28 | 2023-11-28 | Stoping and subsequent filling mining method for pulse internal mining quasi-segmented empty yard unit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311602679.7A CN117489345A (en) | 2023-11-28 | 2023-11-28 | Stoping and subsequent filling mining method for pulse internal mining quasi-segmented empty yard unit |
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| CN117489345A true CN117489345A (en) | 2024-02-02 |
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| CN202311602679.7A Pending CN117489345A (en) | 2023-11-28 | 2023-11-28 | Stoping and subsequent filling mining method for pulse internal mining quasi-segmented empty yard unit |
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- 2023-11-28 CN CN202311602679.7A patent/CN117489345A/en active Pending
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