CN117486585A - 一种冶炼高合金钢用钢包渣线砖及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种冶炼高合金钢用钢包渣线砖及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910021523 barium zirconate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- DQBAOWPVHRWLJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium(2+);dioxido(oxo)zirconium Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][Zr]([O-])=O DQBAOWPVHRWLJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910007948 ZrB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VWZIXVXBCBBRGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;zirconium Chemical compound B#[Zr]#B VWZIXVXBCBBRGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种冶炼高合金钢用钢包渣线砖，包括主原料和辅料，主原料包括55～70%电熔大结晶镁砂材料、5～15%电熔锆尖晶石材料、0.5～1%的铝酸钙材料，5～15%电熔锆酸钡材料、12～17%高纯石墨材料、1～3%抗氧化剂，辅料为酚醛树脂结合剂，酚醛树脂结合剂为主原料质量的2～4%；所述电熔大结晶镁砂材料的粒度范围为8～0.5mm，所述电熔锆尖晶石材料粒度范围为0.5～0.1mm，所述电熔锆酸钡材料粒度范围为0.1～0.045mm。渣线砖中的镁砂和碳的反应减少，渣线砖的致密结构得以保留，使用寿命比镁碳砖提高30%以上。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及钢包渣线砖领域，尤其涉及一种冶炼高合金钢用钢包渣线砖及其制备方法。
背景技术
近年来，随着高合金钢的开发，精炼时间越来越长，要求钢中氧、硫的含量越来越低，对夹杂物的数量也要求越来越低。为了实现上述目标，钢厂通常采用氟含量高、熔点低的高碱度精炼渣，精炼时间长，钢包渣线砖侵蚀严重，导致钢包小修寿命和大修寿命下降，吨钢耐材消耗增加。冶炼以高合金钢为主的钢包渣线砖寿命比常规优特钢用钢包渣线砖低30～50%。现有的钢包渣线砖主要采用镁碳砖（如专利CN108424151A、专利CN101531533A、专利CN112456975A），一部分特殊钢种采用锆英石碳砖（如专利CN1631844A）。影响钢包镁碳砖寿命降低的原因除了恶劣的使用环境、主要原料电熔镁砂的纯度低、晶粒小、石墨材料的纯度低外，还与镁砂与石墨在高温下的反应有关，镁砂粒度越小与石墨的反应更容易，而常规镁碳砖均加入了一定量的镁砂细粉。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种冶炼高合金钢用钢包渣线砖。
本发明还提供了一种冶炼高合金钢用钢包渣线砖的制备方法。
本发明的创新点在于本发明中用电熔锆尖晶石材料和电熔锆酸钡材料替代较小细度的电熔大结晶镁砂材料，
为实现上述发明目的，本发明的技术方案是：一种冶炼高合金钢用钢包渣线砖，包括主原料和辅料，主原料包括55～70%电熔大结晶镁砂材料、5～15%电熔锆尖晶石材料、0.5～1%的铝酸钙材料，5～15%电熔锆酸钡材料、12～17%高纯石墨材料、1～3%抗氧化剂，辅料为酚醛树脂结合剂，酚醛树脂结合剂为主原料质量的2～4%；所述电熔大结晶镁砂材料的粒度范围为8～0.5mm，所述电熔锆尖晶石材料粒度范围为0.5～0.1mm，所述电熔锆酸钡材料粒度范围为0.1～0.045mm。
进一步地，所述电熔锆尖晶石材料中氧化锆含量≥50%。
进一步地，所述电熔锆酸钡材料中的锆酸钡含量≥98%。
进一步地，所述铝酸钙材料中12CaO·7Al2O3含量≥50%，粒度范围为0.5～0.1mm。
进一步地，所述高纯石墨材料为碳含量≥98%的鳞片石墨，粒度范围为0.2～0.074mm。
进一步地，所述抗氧化剂包括金属铝、铝硅合金粉、二硼化锆中的一种或多种，抗氧化剂的粒度小于0.045mm。
一种冶炼高合金钢用钢包渣线砖的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）按配方取料，将电熔大结晶镁砂材料和电熔锆尖晶石与铝酸钙材料加入混练机中，在10～50转/分钟混练速度下干混5～8min；
（2）将酚醛树脂结合剂加入到混炼机中，继续混炼5～8min；然后加入高纯石墨材料，继续混练5～8min；
（3）将电熔锆酸钡材料、抗氧化剂加入混炼机中，继续混碾20～30min，出料放置1～2h得到混炼出料；
（4）将混炼出料采用摩擦压砖机高压压制成型并经200～300℃干燥12～24小时，即得成品。
本发明的有益效果是：
1、本发明中不加入小于0.5mm的电熔镁砂颗粒和细粉，减少了高温下镁砂和碳反应速度和反应量，同时采用0.5~0.1mm的电熔锆尖晶石和0.1~0.045mm的电熔锆酸钡粉，确保颗粒连续分布，生产的渣线砖致密度高。电熔锆尖晶石和电熔锆酸钡比电熔镁砂更抗精炼渣的侵蚀。在VD真空高温冶炼环境下，镁砂和碳的反应较非真空条件下要快得多，镁碳砖在VD精炼条件下的使用寿命低，不能满足钢厂的要求。将电熔锆尖晶石和电熔锆酸钡取代小颗粒电熔镁砂和细粉后，渣线砖中的镁砂和碳的反应减少，渣线砖的致密结构得以保留，在VD真空高温冶炼环境下使用寿命比镁碳砖提高30%以上。
2、本发明中加入铝酸钙材料可以降低高温使用过程中渣线砖的应力，减少砖之间高温膨胀挤压所产生的馒头状损毁。
实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。
实施例1：一种冶炼高合金钢用钢包渣线砖，包括主原料和辅料，主原料包括55%电熔大结晶镁砂材料、15%电熔锆尖晶石材料、0.5%的铝酸钙材料，15%电熔锆酸钡材料、12%高纯石墨材料、2.5%抗氧化剂，辅料为酚醛树脂结合剂，酚醛树脂结合剂为主原料质量的2%；电熔大结晶镁砂材料的粒度范围为8～0.5mm，电熔锆尖晶石材料粒度范围为0.5～0.1mm，电熔锆酸钡材料粒度范围为0.1～0.045mm。电熔锆尖晶石材料中氧化锆含量³50%；电熔锆酸钡材料中的锆酸钡含量³98%；铝酸钙材料中12CaO·7Al2O3含量³50%，粒度范围为0.5～0.1mm；高纯石墨材料为碳含量≥98%的鳞片石墨，粒度范围为0.2～0.074mm；抗氧化剂包括金属铝，抗氧化剂的粒度小于0.045mm。
实施例2：一种冶炼高合金钢用钢包渣线砖，包括主原料和辅料，主原料包括61%电熔大结晶镁砂材料、15%电熔锆尖晶石材料、1%的铝酸钙材料，5%电熔锆酸钡材料、17%高纯石墨材料、1%抗氧化剂，辅料为酚醛树脂结合剂，酚醛树脂结合剂为主原料质量的3%；电熔大结晶镁砂材料的粒度范围为8～0.5mm，电熔锆尖晶石材料粒度范围为0.5～0.1mm，电熔锆酸钡材料粒度范围为0.1～0.045mm。电熔锆尖晶石材料中氧化锆含量³50%；电熔锆酸钡材料中的锆酸钡含量³98%；铝酸钙材料中12CaO·7Al2O3含量³50%，粒度范围为0.5～0.1mm；高纯石墨材料为碳含量≥98%的鳞片石墨，粒度范围为0.2～0.074mm；抗氧化剂包括铝硅合金粉，抗氧化剂的粒度小于0.045mm。
实施例3：一种冶炼高合金钢用钢包渣线砖，包括主原料和辅料，主原料包括64.2%电熔大结晶镁砂材料、9%电熔锆尖晶石材料、0.8%的铝酸钙材料，8%电熔锆酸钡材料、15%高纯石墨材料、3%抗氧化剂，辅料为酚醛树脂结合剂，酚醛树脂结合剂为主原料质量的4%；电熔大结晶镁砂材料的粒度范围为8～0.5mm，电熔锆尖晶石材料粒度范围为0.5～0.1mm，电熔锆酸钡材料粒度范围为0.1～0.045mm。电熔锆尖晶石材料中氧化锆含量³50%；电熔锆酸钡材料中的锆酸钡含量³98%；铝酸钙材料中12CaO·7Al2O3含量³50%，粒度范围为0.5～0.1mm；高纯石墨材料为碳含量≥98%的鳞片石墨，粒度范围为0.2～0.074mm；抗氧化剂包括二硼化锆，抗氧化剂的粒度小于0.045mm。
实施例4：一种冶炼高合金钢用钢包渣线砖，包括主原料和辅料，主原料包括70%电熔大结晶镁砂材料、5%电熔锆尖晶石材料、1%的铝酸钙材料，10%电熔锆酸钡材料、13%高纯石墨材料、1%抗氧化剂，辅料为酚醛树脂结合剂，酚醛树脂结合剂为主原料质量的2.5%；电熔大结晶镁砂材料的粒度范围为8～0.5mm，电熔锆尖晶石材料粒度范围为0.5～0.1mm，所述电熔锆酸钡材料粒度范围为0.1～0.045mm。电熔锆尖晶石材料中氧化锆含量³50%；电熔锆酸钡材料中的锆酸钡含量³98%；铝酸钙材料中12CaO·7Al2O3含量³50%，粒度范围为0.5～0.1mm；高纯石墨材料为碳含量≥98%的鳞片石墨，粒度范围为0.2～0.074mm；抗氧化剂包括金属铝、铝硅合金粉、二硼化锆，抗氧化剂的粒度小于0.045mm。
实施例5：一种冶炼高合金钢用钢包渣线砖的制备方法，包括以下步骤：按实施例1的配方取料，将电熔大结晶镁砂材料和电熔锆尖晶石与铝酸钙材料加入混练机中，在10转/分钟混练速度下干混5min；将酚醛树脂结合剂加入到混炼机中，继续混炼5min；然后加入高纯石墨材料，继续混练5min；将电熔锆酸钡材料、抗氧化剂加入混炼机中，继续混碾20min，出料放置1h得到混炼出料；将混炼出料采用摩擦压砖机高压压制成型并经200℃干燥12小时，即得成品。成品的体积密度为3.25g/cm3，显气孔率为3%，耐压强度为42MPa，抗折强度为14MPa，抗氧化性能优，抗渣性能优，抗热震性优，使用寿命长。
实施例6：一种冶炼高合金钢用钢包渣线砖的制备方法，包括以下步骤：按实施例2的配方取料，将电熔大结晶镁砂材料和电熔锆尖晶石与铝酸钙材料加入混练机中，在20转/分钟混练速度下干混6min；将酚醛树脂结合剂加入到混炼机中，继续混炼6min；然后加入高纯石墨材料，继续混练6min；将电熔锆酸钡材料、抗氧化剂加入混炼机中，继续混碾22min，出料放置1.2h得到混炼出料；将混炼出料采用摩擦压砖机高压压制成型并经220℃干燥15小时，即得成品。成品的体积密度为3.20g/cm3，显气孔率为3%，耐压强度为32MPa，抗折强度为12MPa，抗氧化性能良，抗渣性能优，抗热震性优，使用寿命长。
实施例7：一种冶炼高合金钢用钢包渣线砖的制备方法，包括以下步骤：按实施例3的配方取料，将电熔大结晶镁砂材料和电熔锆尖晶石与铝酸钙材料加入混练机中，在30转/分钟混练速度下干混7min；将酚醛树脂结合剂加入到混炼机中，继续混炼7min；然后加入高纯石墨材料，继续混练7min；将电熔锆酸钡材料、抗氧化剂加入混炼机中，继续混碾25min，出料放置1.5h得到混炼出料；将混炼出料采用摩擦压砖机高压压制成型并经280℃干燥20小时，即得成品。成品的体积密度为3.17g/cm3，显气孔率为3%，耐压强度为36MPa，抗折强度为13MPa，抗氧化性能优，抗渣性能优，抗热震性优，使用寿命长。
实施例8：一种冶炼高合金钢用钢包渣线砖的制备方法，包括以下步骤：按实施例4的配方取料，将电熔大结晶镁砂材料和电熔锆尖晶石与铝酸钙材料加入混练机中，在50转/分钟混练速度下干混8min；将酚醛树脂结合剂加入到混炼机中，继续混炼8min；然后加入高纯石墨材料，继续混练8min；将电熔锆酸钡材料、抗氧化剂加入混炼机中，继续混碾30min，出料放置2h得到混炼出料；将混炼出料采用摩擦压砖机高压压制成型并经300℃干燥24小时，即得成品。成品的体积密度为3.15g/cm3，显气孔率为3%，耐压强度为40MPa，抗折强度为12MPa，抗氧化性能良，抗渣性能优，抗热震性优，使用寿命长。
所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种冶炼高合金钢用钢包渣线砖，其特征在于，包括主原料和辅料，主原料包括55～70%电熔大结晶镁砂材料、5～15%电熔锆尖晶石材料、0.5～1%的铝酸钙材料，5～15%电熔锆酸钡材料、12～17%高纯石墨材料、1～3%抗氧化剂，辅料为酚醛树脂结合剂，酚醛树脂结合剂为主原料质量的2～4%；所述电熔大结晶镁砂材料的粒度范围为8～0.5mm，所述电熔锆尖晶石材料粒度范围为0.5～0.1mm，所述电熔锆酸钡材料粒度范围为0.1～0.045mm。
2.根据权利要求1所述的冶炼高合金钢用钢包渣线砖，其特征在于，所述电熔锆尖晶石材料中氧化锆含量≥50%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的冶炼高合金钢用钢包渣线砖，其特征在于，所述电熔锆酸钡材料中的锆酸钡含量≥98%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的冶炼高合金钢用钢包渣线砖，其特征在于，所述铝酸钙材料中12CaO·7Al2O3含量≥50%，粒度范围为0.5～0.1mm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的冶炼高合金钢用钢包渣线砖，其特征在于，所述高纯石墨材料为碳含量≥98%的鳞片石墨，粒度范围为0.2～0.074mm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的冶炼高合金钢用钢包渣线砖，其特征在于，所述抗氧化剂包括金属铝、铝硅合金粉、二硼化锆中的一种或多种，抗氧化剂的粒度小于0.045mm。
7.一种冶炼高合金钢用钢包渣线砖的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）按配方取料，将电熔大结晶镁砂材料和电熔锆尖晶石与铝酸钙材料加入混练机中，在10～50转/分钟混练速度下干混5～8min；
（2）将酚醛树脂结合剂加入到混炼机中，继续混炼5～8min；然后加入高纯石墨材料，继续混练5～8min；
（3）将电熔锆酸钡材料、抗氧化剂加入混炼机中，继续混碾20～30min，出料放置1～2h得到混炼出料；
（4）将混炼出料采用摩擦压砖机高压压制成型并经200～300℃干燥12～24小时，即得成品。
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