CN112759369A - 高热震稳定性镁碳砖 - Google Patents

高热震稳定性镁碳砖 Download PDF

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CN112759369A
CN112759369A CN202011616296.1A CN202011616296A CN112759369A CN 112759369 A CN112759369 A CN 112759369A CN 202011616296 A CN202011616296 A CN 202011616296A CN 112759369 A CN112759369 A CN 112759369A
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thermal shock
magnesia
high thermal
carbon brick
shock stability
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陈学东
于林辉
陈树村
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Yingkou Dong Bang Environmental Protection Polytron Technologies Inc
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Abstract

本发明属冶金耐火材料领域，尤其涉及一种主要应用于冶炼优质不锈钢的VOD钢包中高热震稳定性镁碳砖，以重量配比计，包括如下组份：粒度为5～8mm的98电熔镁砂55～83；粒度为3～6mm的97电熔镁砂13～25；200≤粒度≤300目的‑198石墨0.5～2.5；粒度≤0.072mm的碳化硼0.3～1.5；粒度≤0.072mm的氧化锆0.2～0.9；含碳树脂粉0.5～2.5；酚醛树脂2.1～9.3。本发明热震稳定性高，抗渣性、高温强度、显气孔率、抗氧化、抗侵蚀及抗侵蚀冲刷性理想，使用寿命长。

Description

高热震稳定性镁碳砖
技术领域
本发明属冶金耐火材料领域，尤其涉及一种主要应用于冶炼优质不锈钢的VOD钢包中高热震稳定性镁碳砖。
背景技术
镁碳砖是以高熔点碱性氧化物氧化镁(熔点2800℃)和难以被炉渣侵润的高熔点碳素材料作为原料，添加各种非氧化物添加剂。用炭质结合剂结合而成的不烧炭复合耐火材料。镁碳砖国家标准GB/T22589-2017中镁碳砖的碳含量从5％至18％，之前生产的镁碳砖碳含量都在国标范围之内，生产中多数为碳含量达到14％的镁碳砖。
传统镁碳砖的碳质量分数一般在10～20％。由于其中的碳可以进入钢水而影响一些钢材的品质，因此，低碳化已经成为近些年来精炼钢包渣线镁碳砖的主要发展趋势之一。随着碳含量的降低，镁碳砖的抗熔渣渗透性、热震稳定性等都将出现很大程度的劣化。当镁碳砖碳含量减少，且仍以传统镁碳砖所用的方式引入石墨，则一并会存在因石墨量较少而无法连续的问题，这对抵抗熔渣渗透和缓解膨胀应力来讲都是非常不利的。伴随洁净钢冶炼的迅猛发展,镁碳砖中石墨对洁净钢的增碳污染情况日益严重,因此急需研制一种低碳镁碳砖以适用于洁净钢冶炼需求。
发明内容
本发明旨在克服现有技术的不足之处而提供一种热震稳定性高，抗渣性、高温强度、显气孔率、抗氧化、抗侵蚀及抗侵蚀冲刷性理想，使用寿命长的高热震稳定性镁碳砖。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明是这样实现的：
一种高热震稳定性镁碳砖，以重量配比计，包括如下组份：
Figure BDA0002875008860000021
作为一种优选方案，本发明以重量配比计，还包括：白刚玉粉15～19。
进一步地，本发明以重量配比计，还包括：200≤粒度≤300目的鳞片石墨1～5。
进一步地，本发明以重量配比计，还包括：金属铝粉1～5。
进一步地，本发明还包括：沥青粉2～6。
进一步地，本发明还包括：97碳化硅2～5。
本发明热震稳定性高，抗渣性、高温强度、显气孔率、抗氧化、抗侵蚀及抗侵蚀冲刷性理想，使用寿命长。
镁碳砖国家标准GB/T 22589-2017中镁碳砖的碳含量从5％至18％，之前生产的镁碳砖碳含量都在国标范围之内，生产中多数为碳含量达到14％的镁碳砖。
本发明研发高热震稳定性镁碳砖主要应用于冶炼优质不锈钢的VOD钢包中，VOD钢包中渣线位置为主要侵蚀部位，钢包使用下线原因绝大部分因为渣线砖残厚不足迫使钢包下线，本发明高热震稳定性镁碳砖应用于不锈钢的VOD钢包的渣线砖，抗渣侵蚀效果好，试验使用过程中钢包寿命提高50％，钢包下线残厚远高于普通镁碳砖。
镁碳砖中的碳含量主要来源于配方中石墨的加入量，而镁碳砖中的电熔镁砂有很好的抗碱性渣的效果，但是电熔镁砂的致命弱点是抗热震稳定性不好，其中加入-198石墨利用其二者的膨胀系数之差和优良的导热系数避免因热震稳定性不好而降低使用效果。冶炼优质不锈钢要求钢水中碳含量要求约为0.002％至1％，这样对钢包中的耐火材料要求的碳含量就会有明确要求，不锈钢的VOD钢包冶炼时间较长，冶炼过程中进行整包抽真空加热，吹氩气搅拌并加入合金。不锈钢的钢水碱度比普通钢水碱度大，减少石墨加入量增加添加剂的加入量，使其配比达到一个合理的范围之内，并且能够兼并电熔镁砂和鳞片石墨的优点，来达到能够满足不锈钢VOD钢包的使用条件。
本发明在高热震稳定性镁碳砖中加入适量氧化锆微粉时，由于微粉粒度小，可以发挥其充填空隙的作用，从而提高材料的密度，减少气孔率。同时，高温下微粉与Mgo发生原位反应，在基质中生成尖晶石，产生体积膨胀，堵塞气孔，也可以提高材料的致密度。氧化锆和MgO高温下，其结合相为镁橄榄石，改善了材料组织结构，使得材料显气孔率大幅降低，相变增韧和微裂纹分散应力的作用显著，材料的热稳定性能提高，常温耐压强度理想。另外，氧化镁与氧化锆的部分固溶有促进烧结作用，随着温度升高，氧化镁与氧化锆的热扩散加大，固相反应加剧，气体沿晶界排除加快，形成封闭的气孔减少。
随石墨含量的降低,镁碳砖的常温耐压强度增大,热震稳定性能、抗剥落性提高,当200≤粒度≤300目的-198石墨加入量为重量比为1～2时,镁碳砖常温性能及高温抗折强度、热震稳定性能、抗渣侵蚀性能最好,可以适应洁净钢冶炼的需求。另外，当加入200≤粒度≤300目的-198石墨时,高热震稳定性镁碳砖的综合性能理想；其中加入小于4％300目石墨时,高热震稳定性镁碳砖的抗渣渗透性能俱佳；当石墨全部使用100目时的高热震稳定性镁碳砖抗氧化性能非常理想；在树脂中混合加入重量比为2～6沥青粉时，可以提高高热震稳定性镁碳砖的高温抗折强度,对常温耐压强度和体积密度。
高热震稳定性镁碳砖的理化指标
Figure BDA0002875008860000041
Figure BDA0002875008860000051
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种高热震稳定性镁碳砖，以重量配比计，包括如下组份：
Figure BDA0002875008860000052
上述高热震稳定性镁碳砖的制备方法，可按如下步骤实施：
(1)破碎：将大颗粒原料98电熔镁砂及97电熔镁砂分别进行破碎或磨粉；
(2)筛分：将加工完成的原料经斗氏提升机提升至筛分机，按粒径依次为粒度为5～8mm及粒度为3～6mm细粉料进行筛分，筛分后符合规格的原料进入各自料仓，不符合规格的原料继续进行破碎或磨粉；
(3)配料：将高位料仓中的原料分别经配料系统按照一定的比例准确称量后，通过给料机送入加热式混炼机中，同时，将经加热后，称量后的-198石墨、碳化硼及氧化锆也加入到混炼机中；
(4)混炼：在混炼机中，将不同组分和粒度的物料同适量的碳树脂粉及酚醛树脂经混合和挤压作用达到分布均匀和充分润湿，然后以泥料的形式进入到泥料罐中；
(5)成型：将步骤(4)所得物料再次投放泥料罐中并送到给料机中，采用摩擦压力机压制成砖坯；
(6)烧成：将步骤(5)所得砖坯推入高温隧道窑窑内烧成，以天然气为燃料，通过设在窑体中部的喷嘴喷入隧道窑内，充分混合燃烧，窑内烧成温度为1490～1620℃。
(7)包装：铝箔抽真空，热塑包装。
实施例2
一种高热震稳定性镁碳砖，以重量配比计，包括如下组份：
Figure BDA0002875008860000061
除原料物含量不同，制备方法同上。
实施例3
一种高热震稳定性镁碳砖，以重量配比计，包括如下组份：
Figure BDA0002875008860000062
Figure BDA0002875008860000071
除原料物含量不同，制备方法同上。
实施例4
一种高热震稳定性镁碳砖，以重量配比计，包括如下组份：
Figure BDA0002875008860000072
上述高热震稳定性镁碳砖的制备方法，可按如下步骤实施：
(1)破碎：将大颗粒原料98电熔镁砂及97电熔镁砂分别进行破碎或磨粉；
(2)筛分：将加工完成的原料经斗氏提升机提升至筛分机，按粒径依次为粒度为5～8mm及粒度为3～6mm细粉料进行筛分，筛分后符合规格的原料进入各自料仓，不符合规格的原料继续进行破碎或磨粉；
(3)配料：将高位料仓中的原料分别经配料系统按照一定的比例准确称量后，通过给料机送入加热式混炼机中，同时，将经加热后，称量后的-198石墨、碳化硼、氧化锆、白刚玉粉、200≤粒度≤300目的鳞片石墨、金属铝粉及97碳化硅也加入到混炼机中；
(4)混炼：在混炼机中，将不同组分和粒度的物料同适量的沥青粉、碳树脂粉及酚醛树脂经混合和挤压作用达到分布均匀和充分润湿，然后以泥料的形式进入到泥料罐中；
(5)成型：将步骤(4)所得物料再次投放泥料罐中并送到给料机中，采用摩擦压力机压制成砖坯；
(6)烧成：将步骤(5)所得砖坯推入高温隧道窑窑内烧成，以天然气为燃料，通过设在窑体中部的喷嘴喷入隧道窑内，充分混合燃烧，窑内烧成温度为1490～1620℃。
(7)包装：铝箔抽真空，热塑包装。
可以理解地是，以上关于本发明的具体描述，仅用于说明本发明而并非受限于本发明实施例所描述的技术方案，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，仍然可以对本发明进行修改或等同替换，以达到相同的技术效果；只要满足使用需要，都在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

1.一种高热震稳定性镁碳砖，其特征在于，以重量配比计，包括如下组份：
Figure FDA0002875008850000011
2.根据权利要求1所述的高热震稳定性镁碳砖，其特征在于，以重量配比计，还包括：白刚玉粉15～19。
3.根据权利要求2所述的高热震稳定性镁碳砖，其特征在于，以重量配比计，还包括：200≤粒度≤300目的鳞片石墨1～5。
4.根据权利要求3所述的高热震稳定性镁碳砖，其特征在于，以重量配比计，还包括：金属铝粉1～5。
5.根据权利要求4所述的高热震稳定性镁碳砖，其特征在于，以重量配比计，还包括：沥青粉2～6。
6.根据权利要求4所述的高热震稳定性镁碳砖，其特征在于，以重量配比计，还包括：97碳化硅2～5。
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