CN117483739A - Hard alloy bead with controllable blade height, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Hard alloy bead with controllable blade height, and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117483739A CN117483739A CN202311466050.4A CN202311466050A CN117483739A CN 117483739 A CN117483739 A CN 117483739A CN 202311466050 A CN202311466050 A CN 202311466050A CN 117483739 A CN117483739 A CN 117483739A
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 158
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 158
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 134
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- QZPSXPBJTPJTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aqua regia Chemical compound Cl.O[N+]([O-])=O QZPSXPBJTPJTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910016897 MnNi Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005058 metal casting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 20
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 17
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
- C23F1/10—Etching compositions
- C23F1/14—Aqueous compositions
- C23F1/16—Acidic compositions
- C23F1/30—Acidic compositions for etching other metallic material
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- ing And Chemical Polishing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of hard alloy beads, in particular to a hard alloy bead with a controllable cutting edge height, and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method of the hard alloy bead with the controllable edge height comprises the following steps: embedding hard alloy particles on the outer surface of a matrix, and forming a brazing filler metal layer on the outer surface of the matrix to obtain a brazing filler metal rod; the brazing filler metal layer coats the hard alloy particles; and placing the brazing filler metal layer in corrosive liquid for etching, and enabling the hard alloy particles to be exposed according to a preset height to obtain the bead precursor. The preparation method of the hard alloy beads is simple, easy to operate and high in preparation efficiency, a plurality of beads can be formed at one time, the height of the cutting edge of the hard alloy particles can be accurately regulated and controlled, and the consistency of the height of the cutting edge of the hard alloy particles is maintained; the bonding mode of the hard alloy particles is mechanical embedding and brazing filler metal casting brazing, and the bonding strength of the hard alloy particles and the matrix is high and the service life is long.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hard alloy beads, in particular to a hard alloy bead with a controllable cutting edge height, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The hard alloy bead is to prepare a layer of hard alloy particles on the surface of the steel matrix and take the hard alloy particles as a wear-resistant cutting working layer. The hard alloy bead is mainly used for cutting underwater reinforced concrete, steel cables and sunken ships.
The existing preparation method of the hard alloy bead mainly comprises flame brazing and furnace brazing. When flame brazing is performed, the steel matrix is thick, so that the heating efficiency is low, the blade height of the hard alloy particles is difficult to control by the operation skill and eye force of a welder, and a hard alloy bead string is often welded for about 3 hours. During braze welding in a furnace, although a plurality of hard alloy beads can be formed at one time, the brazing filler metal layer is easy to flow in a turbulent way due to the action of gravity, the height of the cutting edge of the hard alloy beads is more difficult to control, so that a plurality of hard alloy particles cannot be cut, and the cutting efficiency is low; or the height of the hard alloy particles out of the cutting edge is too high, so that the cutting edge is broken in the cutting process.
In view of this, the present invention has been made.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a hard alloy bead with controllable blade height and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems of inconsistent blade height of hard alloy particles, uncontrollable blade height of the hard alloy particles, long preparation time, turbulent flow of brazing filler metal and the like in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object of the present invention, the following technical solutions are specifically adopted:
the invention relates to a preparation method of a hard alloy bead with a controllable cutting edge height, which comprises the following steps:
embedding hard alloy particles on the outer surface of a matrix, and forming a brazing filler metal layer on the outer surface of the matrix to obtain a brazing filler metal rod; the brazing filler metal layer coats the hard alloy particles;
and placing the brazing filler metal layer in corrosive liquid for etching, and enabling the hard alloy particles to be exposed according to a preset height to obtain the bead precursor.
The preparation method of the hard alloy bead is simple, easy to operate and high in preparation efficiency, and can accurately regulate and control the height of the cutting edge of the hard alloy particles and keep the consistency of the height of the cutting edge.
Preferably, the specific process of forming the solder layer on the outer surface of the substrate includes:
fixing the matrix embedded with the hard alloy particles in the center of a mold, and sealing the lower end of the mold;
and injecting solder liquid into a gap between the die and the matrix, and forming the solder layer on the outer surface of the matrix after cooling and solidifying.
Preferably, after the etching, the height of the outlet edge of the hard alloy particle is 1/4-1/3 of the height of the hard alloy particle.
Preferably, the thickness of the brazing filler metal layer formed on the outer surface of the substrate is greater than 1 to 2mm of the height of the cemented carbide particles.
Preferably, the solder layer includes: at least one of BCu40MnNi, BCu45MnNi or BCu50 MnNi.
Preferably, the outer surface of the substrate is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves, and the hard alloy particles are embedded in the clamping grooves.
Preferably, the clamping groove comprises: t-shaped grooves, dovetail grooves or trapezoidal grooves.
Preferably, the depth of the clamping groove is 1/4-1/3 of the height of the hard alloy particles.
Preferably, the height of the cemented carbide granules is 6-8 mm.
Preferably, the distance between two adjacent cemented carbide particles is 4-6 mm.
Preferably, the materials of the hard alloy particles comprise: at least one of YG6, YG8, YG15 or YG 20.
Preferably, the etching solution includes: aqua regia or hydrogen peroxide concentrated hydrochloric acid.
Preferably, when the length of the bead precursor is equal to a preset length, the bead precursor is the cemented carbide bead.
Preferably, when the length of the bead precursor is equal to n times of a preset length, the preparation method of the cemented carbide beads further comprises cutting the bead precursor to obtain n cemented carbide beads.
Preferably, the etching specifically includes:
and placing the brazing filler metal rod on a rotating bracket, immersing the brazing filler metal layer in the corrosive liquid, rotating the brazing filler metal rod, and corroding the brazing filler metal layer.
The invention also relates to the hard alloy bead prepared by the preparation method of the hard alloy bead with the controllable edge height.
The hard alloy bead is high in bonding strength between the hard alloy particles and the matrix, and the heights of the cutting edges of the hard alloy particles are consistent.
The invention also relates to a rope saw, which comprises the hard alloy bead prepared by the preparation method of the hard alloy bead with the controllable cutting edge height or the hard alloy bead.
The rope saw has long service life and high cutting efficiency.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the preparation method of the hard alloy bead, hard alloy particles are embedded on the outer surface of the matrix, brazing filler metal liquid is cast between the matrix and the die for fusion casting brazing to form a brazing filler metal layer, and compared with a simple brazing or mechanical embedding mode, the hard alloy bead has high bonding strength and long service life; the height of the cutting edge of the hard alloy particles is regulated and controlled by regulating the depth of the brazing filler metal layer entering the corrosive liquid, so that the controllability is high; the method can obtain longer cutting edge brazing filler metal rods, and can be cut into individual beads according to requirements, and compared with the traditional flame brazing, the preparation method has higher preparation efficiency;
(2) According to the hard alloy bead, the height of the cutting edge of the hard alloy particles is controllable, the height of the cutting edge is consistent, and the bonding strength of the hard alloy particles and the matrix is high;
(3) The rope saw provided by the invention has long service life and high cutting efficiency.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a device for preparing a hard alloy bead corrosion cutting edge;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hard alloy brazing bead structure provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 shows the morphology of the beads during the preparation process (left graph shows the morphology before corrosion, right graph shows the morphology after corrosion);
fig. 4 shows the comparison of the heights of the outlet edges of the cemented carbide particles on the surface of the beads provided by the invention (a is the bead of example 1, b is the flame brazing bead, and c is the brazing bead in the furnace).
Reference numerals:
1-etching liquid tank, 2-etching liquid, 3-brazing filler metal layer, 4-hard alloy particles, 5-substrate, 6-cover plate, 7-rotating shaft, 8-coupling, 9-motor and 10-graphite mold.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the examples described below are some, but not all, examples of the present invention, and are intended to be illustrative of the present invention only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. The specific conditions are not noted in the examples and are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's attention.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a hard alloy bead with a controllable cutting edge height, which comprises the following steps:
embedding hard alloy particles 4 on the outer surface of a matrix 5, and forming a brazing filler metal layer 3 on the outer surface of the matrix 5 to obtain a brazing filler metal rod; the brazing filler metal layer 3 is coated with hard alloy particles 4;
and (3) placing the brazing filler metal layer 3 in the corrosive liquid 2 for etching, so that the hard alloy particles 4 are exposed according to the preset height, and a bead precursor is obtained.
According to the preparation method of the hard alloy bead, hard alloy particles 4 are embedded on the outer surface of a matrix 5, and brazing filler metal liquid is cast between the matrix 5 and a die for fusion casting brazing to form a brazing filler metal layer 3, so that the bonding strength of the hard alloy particles 4 and the matrix 5 is improved; the height of the cutting edge of the hard alloy particles 4 is regulated and controlled by regulating the depth of the brazing filler metal layer 3 entering the corrosive liquid 2, so that the controllability is high; compared with the traditional flame brazing, the preparation method has higher preparation efficiency.
According to the preparation method of the hard alloy beads, T-shaped grooves which are regularly arranged are processed on the surface of a substrate 5, hard alloy particles 4 are uniformly embedded in the center of a die cavity, brazing filler metal liquid is injected into a gap between the die cavity and the substrate 5, the brazing filler metal is cooled to form brazing filler metal rods, the brazing filler metal rods are finally placed in a corrosion liquid groove 1, the depth of the brazing filler metal rods immersed in the corrosion liquid 2 is adjusted, the brazing filler metal rods are rotated, edges are etched, and finally the beads are cut to form the beads, so that the preparation efficiency is high, and a plurality of beads can be formed at one time.
In some embodiments, the particular process of forming the braze layer 3 on the outer surface of the substrate 5 includes:
fixing the matrix 5 embedded with the hard alloy particles 4 in the center of the die, and sealing the lower end of the die;
the brazing filler metal liquid is injected into a gap between the die and the matrix 5, and after cooling and solidification, a brazing filler metal layer 3 is formed on the outer surface of the matrix 5.
In some specific embodiments, after the etching, the height of the outlet edge of the cemented carbide particle 4 is 1/4-1/3 of the height of the cemented carbide particle 4.
In some specific embodiments, the thickness of the braze layer 3 formed on the outer surface of the substrate 5 is greater than 1-2 mm of the height of the cemented carbide particles 4.
In some specific embodiments, the solder layer 3 includes: at least one of BCu40MnNi, BCu45MnNi or BCu50 MnNi.
In some embodiments, the outer surface of the substrate 5 is provided with a number of clamping grooves in which the cemented carbide particles 4 are embedded.
In some embodiments, the card slot comprises: t-shaped grooves, dovetail grooves or trapezoidal grooves.
In some embodiments, the T-shaped grooves match the shape of the cemented carbide particles 4, are wider at the bottom and narrower at the top, and have a depth of 1/4 to 1/3 of the height of the cemented carbide particles 4, and are equally spaced helical rings or rings along the substrate 5.
In some specific embodiments, the mold cavity is matched with the matrix 5 filled with the hard alloy particles 4, the gap is 1-2 mm, and the material is graphite.
In some embodiments, the depth of the clamping groove is 1/4 to 1/3 of the height of the cemented carbide granules 4.
In some specific embodiments, the cemented carbide granules 4 have a height of 6-8 mm.
In some embodiments, the distance between two adjacent cemented carbide particles 4 is 4-6 mm.
In some embodiments, the materials of the cemented carbide particles 4 include: at least one of YG6, YG8, YG15 or YG 20.
In some specific embodiments, the etching solution 2 includes: aqua regia or hydrogen peroxide concentrated hydrochloric acid.
In some specific embodiments, aqua regia is composed of concentrated hydrochloric acid and concentrated nitric acid in a volume ratio of 3:1.
In some embodiments, the hydrogen peroxide concentrated hydrochloric acid comprises 30% hydrogen peroxide and 36% concentrated hydrochloric acid, the mass ratio of hydrogen peroxide to concentrated hydrochloric acid being 1:1.
In some specific embodiments, the bead precursor is the cemented carbide bead when the bead precursor has a length equal to a predetermined length.
In some specific embodiments, when the length of the bead precursor is equal to n times of the preset length, the preparation method of the cemented carbide bead further includes cutting the bead precursor to obtain n cemented carbide beads. In some embodiments, etching specifically includes:
and placing the brazing filler metal rod on a rotary bracket, immersing the brazing filler metal layer 3 in the corrosive liquid 2, and rotating the brazing filler metal rod to corrode the brazing filler metal layer 3.
In some specific embodiments, the preparation method of the hard alloy bead provided by the invention, as shown in fig. 1, comprises the following steps:
clamping a substrate 5 on a lathe, and machining equidistant spiral, annular or vertically arranged T-shaped grooves by using a T-shaped milling cutter;
step two, embedding hard alloy particles 4 into T-shaped grooves on the surface of a matrix 5 at equal intervals;
fixing the matrix 5 fully embedded with the hard particles in the center of the graphite die 10, keeping a certain gap, and sealing the lower end by high-temperature-resistant cement;
step four, placing the brazing filler metal into a graphite crucible to be smelted into brazing filler metal liquid, injecting the brazing filler metal liquid into a gap between a die and a steel bar in the step three, and knocking up and demolding the graphite die 10 after cooling and solidification to obtain a brazing filler metal bar;
step five, placing the brazing filler metal rod in the step four on a rotary bracket, immersing the brazing filler metal layer 3 into aqua regia corrosive liquid 2 for a certain depth, and discharging the brazing filler metal layer after slow rotary corrosion for a certain time;
and step six, flushing the brazing filler metal rod with the edge in the step five with a large amount of clean water, and carrying out sand blasting and cutting to obtain the hard alloy beads.
In some embodiments, the T-shaped grooves in step one have a pitch of 4 to 6mm.
In some embodiments, the medium spacing in step two is 4 to 6mm.
In some embodiments, the certain gap in step three is in the range of 1-2 mm.
In some specific embodiments, the height of the cutting edge of the cemented carbide particle 4 is determined by a certain depth in the fifth step, and a certain time is 3-5 hours.
In a specific embodiment, the apparatus for preparing the cemented carbide bead etched blade comprises: the etching liquid tank 1, the cover plate 6, the rotating shaft 7, the coupling 8 and the motor 9.
In another aspect, the invention also relates to the hard alloy bead prepared by the preparation method of the hard alloy bead with the controllable edge height, as shown in fig. 2.
The height of the cutting edge of the hard alloy particles 4 of the hard alloy bead is controllable, the height of the cutting edge is consistent, and the bonding strength of the hard alloy particles and the matrix is high.
The invention also relates to a rope saw, which comprises the hard alloy bead or the hard alloy bead prepared by the preparation method of the hard alloy bead with the controllable cutting edge height.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples and comparative examples.
Example 1
The preparation method of the hard alloy bead with the controllable edge height comprises the following steps:
step one, clamping a substrate 5 on a lathe, and processing a spiral annular T-shaped groove by using a T-shaped milling cutter, wherein the distance between the T-shaped grooves is 5mm, and the depth is 1.5mm;
uniformly embedding hard alloy particles 4 into T-shaped grooves on the surface of a steel bar at equal intervals of 4mm, wherein the hard alloy particles 4 are made of YG6, the height is 6mm, and the blade height is 0.5mm; the hard alloy particles 4 are embedded into a T-shaped groove on the surface of the matrix 5 and are in a spiral ring shape; the depth of the T-shaped groove is 1/4 of the height of the hard alloy particles 4, and the arrangement space of the hard alloy particles 4 in the T-shaped groove is equal;
fixing the matrix 5 fully embedded with the hard alloy particles 4 at the center of the graphite die 10, keeping a gap of 1mm on one side, and sealing the lower end by using high-temperature-resistant cement;
step four, placing the brazing filler metal into a graphite crucible to be smelted into brazing filler metal liquid, injecting the brazing filler metal liquid into a gap between a die and a steel rod in the step three, forming a brazing filler metal layer 3 on the outer surface of a matrix 5 after cooling and solidifying, wherein the thickness of the brazing filler metal layer 3 is 1mm, and breaking and demoulding a graphite die 10 to obtain the brazing filler metal rod shown in figure 3;
putting the brazing filler metal rod in the step four on a rotary bracket, immersing the brazing filler metal layer 3 in aqua regia, wherein the immersion depth is 1.5mm, slowly rotating, the rotating speed is 10r/h, cutting edges are formed after 3h of corrosion, the shape after corrosion is shown in a figure 3, the corrosion rate is 0.5mm/h multiplied by the corrosion time 3h and is equal to 1.5mm of the corrosion depth, the cutting edge height of the hard alloy particles 4 is 1.5mm minus the gap 1mm, and the cutting edge height is 0.5mm;
and step six, flushing the brazing filler metal rod with the edge in the step five with a large amount of clean water, and carrying out sand blasting and cutting to obtain a plurality of hard alloy beads.
Example 2
The preparation method of the hard alloy bead with the controllable edge height comprises the following steps:
clamping a substrate 5 on a lathe, and processing a circular T-shaped groove by using a T-shaped milling cutter, wherein the distance between the T-shaped grooves is 6mm, and the depth is 1.75mm;
uniformly embedding hard alloy particles 4 into T-shaped grooves on the surface of a steel bar at equal intervals of 6mm, wherein the hard alloy particles 4 are made of YG8, the height is 7mm, and the cutting edge height is 1mm; the hard alloy particles 4 are embedded into trapezoid grooves on the surface of the matrix 5 and are in a ring shape; the depth of the T-shaped groove is 1/4 of the height of the hard alloy particles 4, and the arrangement space of the hard alloy particles 4 in the T-shaped groove is equal;
fixing the matrix 5 fully embedded with the hard alloy particles 4 in the center of the graphite die 10, keeping a gap of 1.5mm on one side, and sealing the lower end by using high-temperature-resistant cement;
step four, placing the brazing filler metal into a graphite crucible to be smelted into brazing filler metal liquid, injecting the brazing filler metal liquid into a gap between a die and a steel bar in the step three, forming a brazing filler metal layer 3 on the outer surface of a matrix 5 after cooling and solidifying, wherein the thickness of the brazing filler metal layer 3 is 1.5mm, and breaking and demolding a graphite die 10 to obtain the brazing filler metal bar;
step five, placing the brazing filler metal rod in the step four on a rotating bracket, immersing the brazing filler metal layer 3 in hydrogen peroxide concentrated hydrochloric acid, slowly rotating at a rotating speed of 10r/h, and corroding for 5h to form a blade;
step six, the same as in example 1.
Example 3
The preparation method of the hard alloy bead with the controllable edge height comprises the following steps:
step one, clamping a substrate 5 on a lathe, and processing vertical linear T-shaped grooves with a T-shaped milling cutter, wherein the distance between the T-shaped grooves is 6mm, and the depth is 2mm;
uniformly embedding hard alloy particles 4 into T-shaped grooves on the surface of a steel bar at equal intervals of 6mm, wherein the hard alloy particles 4 are made of YG15, the height is 8mm, and the cutting edge height is 1mm; the hard alloy particles 4 are embedded into a T-shaped groove on the surface of the matrix 5 and are in a vertical linear shape; the depth of the T-shaped groove is 1/4 of the maximum side length of the hard alloy particles 4, and the arrangement space of the hard alloy particles 4 in the dovetail groove is equal;
fixing the matrix 5 fully embedded with the hard alloy particles 4 at the center of the graphite die 10, keeping a gap of 1mm on one side, and sealing the lower end by using high-temperature-resistant cement;
step four, placing the brazing filler metal into a graphite crucible to be smelted into brazing filler metal liquid, injecting the brazing filler metal liquid into a gap between a die and a steel rod in the step three, forming a brazing filler metal layer 3 on the outer surface of a matrix 5 after cooling and solidifying, wherein the thickness of the brazing filler metal layer 3 is 1mm, and breaking and demoulding a graphite die 10 to obtain the brazing filler metal rod;
step five, placing the brazing filler metal rod in the step four on a rotating bracket, immersing the brazing filler metal layer 3 in aqua regia, slowly rotating at a rotating speed of 10r/h, and corroding for 4h to form a cutting edge;
step six, the same as in example 1.
Example 4
The preparation method of the hard alloy bead with the controllable edge height comprises the following steps:
step one, clamping a substrate 5 on a lathe, and processing a spiral annular T-shaped groove by using a T-shaped milling cutter, wherein the distance between the T-shaped grooves is 5mm, and the depth is 2mm;
uniformly embedding hard alloy particles 4 into T-shaped grooves on the surface of a steel bar at equal intervals of 5mm, wherein the hard alloy particles 4 are made of YG20, the height is 6mm, and the blade height is 0.5mm; the hard alloy particles 4 are embedded into a T-shaped groove on the surface of the matrix 5 and are in a spiral ring shape; the depth of the T-shaped groove is 1/3 of the height of the hard alloy particles 4, and the arrangement space of the hard alloy particles 4 in the T-shaped groove is equal;
fixing the matrix 5 fully embedded with the hard alloy particles 4 at the center of the graphite die 10, keeping a gap of 2mm on one side, and sealing the lower end by using high-temperature-resistant cement;
step four, placing the brazing filler metal into a graphite crucible to be smelted into brazing filler metal liquid, injecting the brazing filler metal liquid into a gap between a die and a steel rod in the step three, forming a brazing filler metal layer 3 on the outer surface of a matrix 5 after cooling and solidifying, wherein the thickness of the brazing filler metal layer 3 is 2mm, and breaking and demoulding a graphite die 10 to obtain the brazing filler metal rod;
step five, placing the brazing filler metal rod in the step four on a rotary bracket, immersing the brazing filler metal layer 3 in aqua regia, slowly rotating at a rotation speed of 10r/h, and corroding for 5h to form a blade;
step six, the same as in example 1.
Example 5
The preparation method of the hard alloy bead with the controllable edge height comprises the following steps:
clamping a substrate 5 on a lathe, and processing annular T-shaped grooves with a T-shaped milling cutter, wherein the distance between the T-shaped grooves is 8mm, and the depth is 2mm;
uniformly embedding hard alloy particles 4 into T-shaped grooves on the surface of a steel bar at equal intervals of 6mm, wherein the hard alloy particles 4 are made of YG8, the height is 8mm, and the blade height is 1.5mm; the hard alloy particles 4 are embedded into a T-shaped groove on the surface of the matrix 5 and are in a circular ring shape; the depth of the T-shaped groove is 1/4 of the height of the hard alloy particles 4, and the arrangement space of the hard alloy particles 4 in the T-shaped groove is equal;
fixing the matrix 5 fully embedded with the hard alloy particles 4 at the center of the graphite die 10, keeping a gap of 1mm on one side, and sealing the lower end by using high-temperature-resistant cement;
step four, placing the brazing filler metal into a graphite crucible to be smelted into brazing filler metal liquid, injecting the brazing filler metal liquid into a gap between a die and a steel rod in the step three, forming a brazing filler metal layer 3 on the outer surface of a matrix 5 after cooling and solidifying, wherein the thickness of the brazing filler metal layer 3 is 1mm, and breaking and demoulding a graphite die 10 to obtain the brazing filler metal rod;
step five, placing the brazing filler metal rod in the step four on a rotary bracket, immersing the brazing filler metal layer 3 in aqua regia, slowly rotating at a rotation speed of 10r/h, and corroding for 5h to form a blade;
step six, the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 1
The existing flame-brazed hard alloy bead is characterized in that the surface of a steel substrate is fixed with equally-spaced hard alloy particles through spot welding, then a layer of brazing alloy is coated, the thickness of the brazing alloy bead reaches 3/4-2/3 of the height of the hard alloy particles, the brazing alloy can be silver brazing alloy or copper brazing alloy, and a flame gun is used for slowly and uniformly heating the brazing alloy layer to enable the brazing alloy layer to be melted and form a brazing alloy layer, so that the hard alloy bead is obtained. In the flame heating process, the neutral flame heating efficiency is high, the heating area is small, and the brazing efficiency is low.
Comparative example 2
The hard alloy beads brazed in the existing furnace. The method comprises the steps of spot welding and fixing equally-spaced hard alloy particles on the surface of a steel substrate, coating a layer of brazing paste, wherein the thickness of the brazing paste is 3/4-2/3 of the height of the hard alloy particles, and the brazing paste can be silver brazing paste or copper brazing paste, and then vertically placing the steel substrate in a resistance furnace for heating welding to obtain beads. The solder paste is melted, and flows and spreads under the action of gravity, so that the depth of the cladding of the metallurgical layer of the hard alloy particles is uneven, and the height of the cutting edge is also uneven.
Experimental example 1
To examine the consistency of the heights of the cutting edges of the hard alloy beads in the examples and comparative examples, morphology comparison was performed on different hard alloy beads, and standard tensile samples were cut from the beads, respectively, and mechanical property tests (the same brazing filler metal is BCu40MnNi brazing filler metal) were performed to test the bonding strength of the hard alloy particles 4 and the matrix 5, and the test results are shown in Table 1 and FIG. 4.
Table 1 hard alloy bead bond strength
| Kind of beads | Bonding strength of hard particles to matrix/MPa |
| Example 1 | 245 |
| Example 2 | 258 |
| Example 3 | 265 |
| Example 4 | 246 |
| Example 5 | 272.3 |
| Comparative example 1 | 220 |
| ComparisonExample 2 | 185 |
As can be seen from table 1, the bond strength of the cemented carbide particles 4 and the matrix 5 in the beads of the examples is higher than that of the comparative examples.
As can be seen from fig. 4, in example 1, the bead surface cemented carbide particles 4 have higher consistency of the height of the cutting edge, the flame brazing cemented carbide beads have different heights of the cutting edge, and some cutting edges are too high and some cutting edges are too low; when brazing in a furnace, the thickness of brazing filler metal on the surface of the beads is uneven, the brazing filler metal flows to the bottoms of the beads, and the coating depth of the hard alloy particles 4 is inconsistent, so that the bonding strength is low.
Experimental example 2
In order to examine the efficiency of the preparation method and the flame brazing preparation method, 50 hard alloy beads with the outer diameter of 108 mm and the height of 100mm are respectively prepared by adopting two methods, and each bead is 3 hours and about 150 hours are required when flame brazing; when the preparation method is adopted, the preparation is carried out by using the matrix 5 with the length of 1.1 meter (the cutting consumption allowance is 0.1 meter long), one matrix 5 can be cut into 10 beads, the preparation is needed for 5 times, 15 hours are needed each time (the processing of a T-shaped groove is 2 hours, the embedding of hard particles is 2 hours, the smelting of molten metal and the casting and cooling are needed for 1 hour, and the cutting edge corrosion is needed for 8 hours), and the efficiency is improved by 2 times compared with flame brazing.
While the invention has been illustrated and described with reference to specific embodiments, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical aspects of the invention and not restrictive thereof; those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for some or all of the technical features thereof, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the corresponding technical solutions; it is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such alternatives and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the hard alloy bead with the controllable edge height is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
embedding hard alloy particles on the outer surface of a matrix, and forming a brazing filler metal layer on the outer surface of the matrix to obtain a brazing filler metal rod; the brazing filler metal layer coats the hard alloy particles;
and placing the brazing filler metal layer in corrosive liquid for etching, and enabling the hard alloy particles to be exposed according to a preset height to obtain the bead precursor.
2. The method for preparing the cemented carbide bead with the controllable outlet edge height according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of forming the brazing filler metal layer on the outer surface of the substrate comprises the following steps:
fixing the matrix embedded with the hard alloy particles in the center of a mold, and sealing the lower end of the mold;
and injecting solder liquid into a gap between the die and the matrix, and forming the solder layer on the outer surface of the matrix after cooling and solidifying.
3. The method for preparing the hard alloy bead with the controllable outlet edge height according to claim 1, wherein the outlet edge height of the hard alloy particles is 1/4-1/3 of the height of the hard alloy particles after the etching;
preferably, the thickness of the brazing filler metal layer formed on the outer surface of the substrate is 1-2 mm greater than the height of the cemented carbide particles;
preferably, the solder layer includes: at least one of BCu40MnNi, BCu45MnNi or BCu50 MnNi.
4. The method for preparing the hard alloy beads with the controllable blade height according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of clamping grooves are formed in the outer surface of the substrate, and the hard alloy particles are embedded in the clamping grooves;
preferably, the clamping groove comprises: t-shaped grooves, dovetail grooves or trapezoid grooves;
preferably, the depth of the clamping groove is 1/4-1/3 of the height of the hard alloy particles.
5. The method for preparing the hard alloy beads with the controllable outlet edge height according to claim 1, wherein the height of the hard alloy particles is 6-8 mm;
preferably, the distance between two adjacent cemented carbide particles is 4-6 mm.
6. The method for preparing the cemented carbide bead with the controllable outlet edge height according to claim 1, wherein the cemented carbide particles are made of the following materials: at least one of YG6, YG8, YG15 or YG 20;
preferably the etching liquid comprises: aqua regia or hydrogen peroxide concentrated hydrochloric acid.
7. The method for preparing the hard alloy bead with the controllable blade height according to claim 1, wherein,
when the length of the bead precursor is equal to the preset length, the bead precursor is the hard alloy bead;
when the length of the bead precursor is equal to n times of the preset length, the preparation method of the hard alloy beads further comprises the step of cutting the bead precursor to obtain n hard alloy beads.
8. The method for preparing the cemented carbide bead with the controllable outlet edge height according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the etching specifically comprises:
and placing the brazing filler metal rod on a rotating bracket, immersing the brazing filler metal layer in the corrosive liquid, rotating the brazing filler metal rod, and corroding the brazing filler metal layer.
9. The cemented carbide bead according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the cemented carbide bead is produced by a method for producing a cemented carbide bead having a height controllable in the cutting edge.
10. A rope saw comprising the cemented carbide bead according to any one of claims 1 to 8 or 9 prepared by the method for preparing cemented carbide beads with a height-controllable cutting edge.
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