CN117477916A - Low-side driving circuit and motor driving circuit - Google Patents

Low-side driving circuit and motor driving circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117477916A
CN117477916A CN202311764779.XA CN202311764779A CN117477916A CN 117477916 A CN117477916 A CN 117477916A CN 202311764779 A CN202311764779 A CN 202311764779A CN 117477916 A CN117477916 A CN 117477916A
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China
Prior art keywords
module
low
output
field effect
driving circuit
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CN202311764779.XA
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CN117477916B (en
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请求不公布姓名
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Tuoer Microelectronics Co ltd
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Tuoer Microelectronics Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0006—Arrangements for supplying an adequate voltage to the control circuit of converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0025—Arrangements for modifying reference values, feedback values or error values in the control loop of a converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
    • H02P25/16—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring

Abstract

The application provides a low limit drive circuit and motor drive circuit, this low limit drive circuit includes: the device comprises a voltage amplifying module, a negative feedback module, a control signal reversing module, a conduction control module, a high-level output module and a low-level output module; the input end of the voltage amplification module is used for being connected with a power supply voltage, and the output end of the voltage amplification module is connected with the first input end of the conduction control module; the second output end of the conduction control module is connected with the first input end of the high-level output module and the first input end of the low-level output module; the high level output module is used for outputting high level; the second input end and the third input end of the low-level output module are connected with the output end of the control signal reversing module, and the low-level output module is used for outputting low level. The working voltage of the motor is used for providing power, so that the extra power requirement is avoided, the high-level output module is controlled to output high level, the low-level output module is controlled to output low level, and the motor is controlled.

Description

Low-side driving circuit and motor driving circuit
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of driving circuits, in particular to a low-side driving circuit and a motor driving circuit.
Background
The driving circuit is widely applied to the fields of industrial automation systems, medical equipment, intelligent home, automobile parts and the like, can provide power and control for one or more motors, and is an important component in industrial production.
In the existing motor driving circuit, a controller, a high-side driving module, a high-side switch, a plurality of low-side driving modules, a plurality of low-side switches, a low-voltage difference regulator and a capacitor are generally arranged. The low-side driving module is formed by combining an even number of inverters in series-parallel connection.
However, when the motor driving circuit works, the low-side driving module needs to provide a large instantaneous current by the low-voltage differential regulator and the capacitor, so that when the motor driving circuit is integrated into the driving chip, the low-voltage differential regulator and the capacitor occupy a large chip area, and the area of the driving chip becomes large.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a low-side driving circuit and a motor driving circuit for solving the problem of excessively large driving chip area in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted in the embodiment of the present application is as follows:
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a low-side driving circuit, including:
the device comprises a voltage amplifying module, a negative feedback module, a control signal reversing module, a conduction control module, a high-level output module and a low-level output module;
the input end of the voltage amplification module is used for being connected with a power supply voltage, and the output end of the voltage amplification module is connected with the first input end of the conduction control module, wherein the conduction control module is used for outputting a high level to the high level output module or outputting a low level to the low level output module according to the output signal of the voltage amplification module, the output signal of the negative feedback module and the output signal of the control signal reversing module;
the second input end of the conduction control module is connected with the output end of the control signal reversing module, and the input end of the control signal reversing module is used for accessing a control signal;
the first output end of the conduction control module is connected with the first end of the negative feedback module, the second end of the negative feedback module is used for accessing reference voltage, and the third end of the negative feedback module is grounded, wherein the negative feedback module is used for adjusting an input signal of the conduction control module;
The second output end of the conduction control module is respectively connected with the first input end of the high-level output module and the first input end of the low-level output module;
the second input end of the high-level output module is used for being connected with a power supply voltage, and the output end of the high-level output module is used for outputting high level;
the second input end and the third input end of the low-level output module are connected with the output end of the control signal reversing module, and the output end of the low-level output module is used for outputting low level.
As a possible implementation manner, the voltage amplifying module includes: a charge pump and a current source;
the input end of the charge pump is used for being connected with a power supply voltage, the output end of the charge pump is connected with the input end of the current source, and the output end of the current source is connected with the first input end of the conduction control module.
As a possible implementation manner, the negative feedback module includes: an operational amplifier, a first resistor and a second resistor;
the first input end of the operational amplifier is used for accessing reference voltage, the second input end of the operational amplifier is connected with one end of the first resistor and one end of the second resistor, and the output end of the operational amplifier is connected with the first output end of the conduction control module, wherein the operational amplifier is used for adjusting the input voltage and acting the adjusted voltage on the conduction control module;
The other end of the first resistor is connected with the first output end of the conduction control module;
the other end of the second resistor is grounded.
As a possible implementation manner, the conduction control module includes: the first N-type field effect transistor, the first P-type field effect transistor, the zener diode and the third resistor;
the drain electrode of the first N-type field effect transistor is connected with the output end of the voltage amplifying module, the source electrode of the first N-type field effect transistor is connected with the first end of the negative feedback module, and the grid electrode of the first N-type field effect transistor is connected with the drain electrode of the first N-type field effect transistor, the drain electrode of the first P-type field effect transistor and the output end of the voltage stabilizing diode;
the input end of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the grid electrode of the first P-type field effect transistor and one end of the third resistor;
the source electrode of the first P-type field effect transistor is connected with the first input end of the high-level output module and the first input end of the low-level output module;
the other end of the third resistor is connected with the output end of the control signal reversing module.
As a possible implementation manner, the high-level output module includes: a fourth resistor and a second N-type field effect transistor;
One end of the fourth resistor is used for being connected with a power supply voltage, and the other end of the fourth resistor is connected with the drain electrode of the second N-type field effect transistor;
the grid electrode of the second N-type field effect transistor is connected with the second output end of the conduction control module;
the source electrode of the second N-type field effect transistor is used for outputting high level.
As a possible implementation manner, the low-level output module includes: a third N-type field effect transistor and a fourth N-type field effect transistor;
the drain electrode of the third N-type field effect transistor is connected with the second output end of the conduction control module, the grid electrode of the third N-type field effect transistor is connected with the output end of the control signal reversing module, and the source electrode of the third N-type field effect transistor is grounded;
the grid electrode of the fourth N-type field effect transistor is connected with the output end of the control signal reversing module, the source electrode of the fourth N-type field effect transistor is grounded, and the drain electrode of the fourth N-type field effect transistor is used for outputting low level.
As a possible implementation manner, the control signal reversing module includes: an inverter.
In a second aspect, another embodiment of the present application provides a motor driving circuit including:
The device comprises a control module, a high-side driving module and a low-side driving module;
the low-side driving module comprises a plurality of low-side driving circuits according to the first aspect;
the input end of the high-side driving module and the input end of the low-side driving module are connected with the control module and are used for accessing control signals of the control module.
As a possible implementation manner, the low-side driving module includes: the first low-side driving circuit, the second low-side driving circuit, the first low-side N-type field effect transistor and the second low-side N-type field effect transistor;
the first input end of the first low-side driving circuit and the first input end of the second low-side driving circuit are respectively used for being connected with a power supply voltage, and the second input end of the first low-side driving circuit and the second input end of the second low-side driving circuit are respectively connected with the control module and used for being connected with a control signal;
a first output end of the first low-side driving circuit is connected with a grid electrode of the first low-side N-type field effect transistor, and a second output end of the first low-side driving circuit is grounded; the drain electrode of the first low-side N-type field effect transistor is connected with the first output end of the high-side driving module, and the source electrode of the first low-side N-type field effect transistor is grounded;
The first output end of the second low-side driving circuit is connected with the grid electrode of the second low-side N-type field effect transistor, and the second output end of the second low-side driving circuit is grounded; and the drain electrode of the second low-side N-type field effect transistor is connected with the second output end of the high-side driving module, and the source electrode of the second low-side N-type field effect transistor is grounded.
As one possible implementation manner, the high-side driving module includes: a high-side driving circuit, a first switch and a second switch;
the input end of the high-side driving circuit is connected with the control module and is used for accessing control signals of the control module;
the first output end of the high-side driving circuit is connected with the first end of the first switch, and the second output end of the high-side driving circuit is connected with the first end of the second switch;
the second end of the first switch and the second end of the second switch are respectively used for being connected with a power supply voltage, the third end of the first switch is connected with the drain electrode of the first low-side N-type field effect transistor, and the third end of the second switch is connected with the drain electrode of the second low-side N-type field effect transistor.
The beneficial effects of this application are: the working voltage of the motor is adopted to supply power to the low-side driving circuit, the need of extra power supply in the circuit can be avoided, the voltage amplifying module, the negative feedback module, the control signal reversing module, the high-level output module and the low-level output module are connected through the conduction control module, the conduction control module can judge the output of the low-side driving circuit under the action of the voltage amplifying module, the negative feedback module and the control signal reversing module, when the low-side driving circuit needs to output high level, the conduction control module controls the high-level output module to output high level, and when the low-side driving circuit needs to output low level, the conduction control module outputs low level through controlling the low-level output module, so that the control of the motor is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered limiting the scope, and that other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art motor driving circuit;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-side driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a voltage amplifying module in a low-side driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a negative feedback module in a low-side driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a conduction control module in a low-side driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-level output module in a low-side driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-level output module in a low-side driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a control signal reversing module in a low-side driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a low-side driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a motor driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-side driving module in a motor driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of another structure of a motor driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it should be understood that the accompanying drawings in the present application are only for the purpose of illustration and description, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. In addition, it should be understood that the schematic drawings are not drawn to scale. A flowchart, as used in this application, illustrates operations implemented according to some embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the operations of the flow diagrams may be implemented out of order and that steps without logical context may be performed in reverse order or concurrently. Moreover, one or more other operations may be added to the flow diagrams and one or more operations may be removed from the flow diagrams as directed by those skilled in the art.
In addition, the described embodiments are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. The components of the embodiments of the present application, which are generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, as provided in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the application, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
It should be noted that the term "comprising" will be used in the embodiments of the present application to indicate the presence of the features stated hereinafter, but not to exclude the addition of other features.
First, a description will be given of a low-side driving circuit and a related background of a motor driving circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application.
In the driving circuit, the driving circuit may be classified into a low-side driving circuit, a high-side driving circuit, a half-bridge driving circuit, and a full-bridge driving circuit according to a positional relationship between a load and a power switching device. Among them, the low-side driving circuit is widely used in the context of powering and controlling one or more electric machines or motors due to its simplicity of application.
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a motor driving circuit in the prior art. Referring to fig. 1, a motor driving circuit in the related art is generally provided with a controller, a high side driving circuit, high side switches Sh1 and Sh2, a first low side driving circuit, a second low side driving circuit, low side switches Q1 and Q2, a low voltage difference regulator, and a capacitor C1. The low-side driving circuit is formed by combining an even number of inverters in series-parallel connection. In operation of the motor driving circuit, the first low-side driving circuit and the second low-side driving circuit need to provide a large instantaneous current through the low-voltage difference regulator and the capacitor C1, and therefore, in the motor driving circuit, the capacitor C1 needs to have a large capacitance value, for example, 100pF. However, when the motor driving circuit is integrated into the driving chip, the low dropout regulator and the capacitor C1 occupy a large chip area, resulting in an increase in the area of the driving chip.
Based on the above-mentioned problem, the embodiment of the application provides a low limit drive circuit and motor drive circuit, provides power drive for low limit drive circuit through the operating voltage that adopts the motor to design optimization to low limit drive circuit, thereby remove low pressure differential regulator and electric capacity C1 among the current motor drive circuit, reach the purpose that reduces the drive chip area.
The motor driving circuit provided by the embodiment of the application is applied to a scene of driving a direct current motor, and the scene generally relates to a power supply, a motor and the motor driving circuit provided by the embodiment of the application.
The power supply provides voltage and current for the motor driving circuit and also provides working voltage for the motor, and the power supply can be a direct current power supply by way of example. The motor driving circuit drives and controls the motor so that the motor can work. The motor is an electromagnetic device for converting or transmitting electric energy according to an electromagnetic induction law, and may be a direct current motor by way of example.
The low-side driving circuit and the motor driving circuit according to the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below in connection with a plurality of embodiments.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a low-side driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present application, and referring to fig. 2, the low-side driving circuit 200 includes: the device comprises a voltage amplifying module 201, a negative feedback module 202, a control signal reversing module 203, a conduction control module 204, a high-level output module 205 and a low-level output module 206.
It should be understood that two input terminals and two output terminals are connected In the low-side driving circuit 200, wherein the first input terminal is used for accessing the power supply voltage VM, the second input terminal is used for receiving the control signal In from the outside, the first output terminal is used for outputting the driving signal Out to the outside, and the second output terminal is used for grounding GND.
The input end of the voltage amplification module 201 is used for being connected with the power supply voltage VM, and the output end of the voltage amplification module 201 is connected with the first input end of the conduction control module 204, wherein the conduction control module 204 is used for outputting a high level to the high level output module 205 or outputting a low level to the low level output module 206 according to the output signal of the voltage amplification module 201, the output signal of the negative feedback module 202 and the output signal of the control signal reversing module 203.
Alternatively, the power supply voltage VM may be the operating voltage of the dc motor, which is provided by the power supply described above. The input of the voltage amplifying module may be connected directly to the power supply.
Optionally, the voltage amplifying module 201 connects the power supply with the on control module 204, and is used for amplifying and adjusting the voltage provided by the power supply, so that the output voltage and current of the voltage amplifying module 201 remain stable, and thus stable voltage and current are output to the on control module 204, stable operation of the on control module 204 is ensured, and power consumption of the low-side driving circuit is reduced.
A second input terminal of the turn-on control module 204 is connected to an output terminal of the control signal reversing module 203, and an input terminal of the control signal reversing module 203 is used for accessing the control signal In.
Optionally, the on control module 204 is connected to the voltage amplifying module 201, the negative feedback module 202, the control signal reversing module 203, the high level output module 205, and the low level output module 206, and is configured to determine, under the action of the voltage amplifying module 201, the negative feedback module 202, and the control signal reversing module 203, the output of the low side driving circuit provided in this embodiment of the present application, and specifically, the on control module 204 is configured to output a high level to the high level output module 205, or output a low level to the low level output module 206 according to an output signal of the voltage amplifying module 201, an output signal of the negative feedback module 202, and an output signal of the control signal reversing module 203.
Optionally, the control signal inverting module 203 is configured to invert the phase of the input control signal In by 180 degrees.
The first output end of the conduction control module 204 is connected with the first end of the negative feedback module 202, the second end of the negative feedback module 202 is used for accessing the reference voltage VR, and the third end of the negative feedback module 202 is grounded, wherein the negative feedback module 202 is used for adjusting the input signal of the conduction control module 204.
Optionally, the reference voltage is a preset reference voltage VR. The negative feedback module 202 is used for adjusting the input of the conduction control module 204, and reducing the error of the signal, so that the conduction control module can more accurately judge the output level.
A second output terminal of the on control module 204 is connected to a first input terminal of the high level output module 205 and a first input terminal of the low level output module 206, respectively.
A second input terminal of the high level output module 205 is used for being connected to the supply voltage VM, and an output terminal of the high level output module 205 is used for outputting a high level.
Optionally, the high level output module 205 is connected to the on control module 204, and is configured to output a high level under the control of the on control module 204.
The second input terminal and the third input terminal of the low level output module 206 are connected to the output terminal of the control signal inverting module 203, and the output terminal of the low level output module 206 is used for outputting a low level.
Optionally, the low level output module 206 is connected to the on control module 204, and is configured to output a low level under the control of the on control module 204.
Alternatively, when the low-side driving circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application needs to output a high level, the on control module 204 outputs a high level by controlling the high level output module 205, and when the low-side driving circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application needs to output a low level, the on control module 204 outputs a low level by controlling the low level output module 206.
In this embodiment, the working voltage of the motor is used to provide power for the low-side driving circuit, which can avoid the need of additional power in the circuit, and the voltage amplifying module, the negative feedback module, the control signal reversing module, the high-level output module and the low-level output module are connected through the conduction control module, so that the conduction control module can judge the output of the low-side driving circuit under the action of the voltage amplifying module, the negative feedback module and the control signal reversing module, when the low-side driving circuit needs to output high level, the conduction control module controls the high-level output module to output high level, and when the low-side driving circuit needs to output low level, the conduction control module outputs low level through controlling the low-level output module, thereby realizing the control of the motor.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a voltage amplifying module in a low-side driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
As a possible implementation manner, referring to fig. 3, on the basis of fig. 2, the voltage amplifying module 201 includes: charge pump CP and current source I1.
The input terminal of the charge pump CP is connected to the supply voltage VM, the output terminal of the charge pump CP is connected to the input terminal of the current source I1, and the output terminal of the current source I1 is connected to the first input terminal of the on control module 204.
Optionally, the input end of the charge pump CP is used as the input end of the voltage amplifying module 201, and is used for connecting the supply voltage VM with the current source I1, so as to supply higher voltage to the current source I1, so that the output voltage and current of the voltage amplifying module 201 remain stable, and the operation stability and reliability of the low-side driving circuit 200 are ensured.
Optionally, the output terminal of the current source I1 is used as the output terminal of the voltage amplifying module 201, and is configured to stably output the amplified voltage and current, so as to provide a constant current for the low-side driving circuit 200.
Optionally, the current source I1 is configured to provide a bias current for the low-side driving circuit 200, so that the low-side driving circuit 200 can work normally, and stability of the circuit is ensured.
Illustratively, the charge pump CP is configured to amplify the supply voltage VM to generate a voltage V1, where v1=2vm.
In the voltage amplification module, the voltage provided by the power supply is amplified and regulated through the charge pump and the current source, so that the output voltage and the current of the voltage amplification module can be kept stable, the stable voltage and the stable current are output to the conduction control module, the working stability of the low-side driving circuit is ensured, and the unnecessary power loss in the low-side driving circuit can be reduced.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a negative feedback module in a low-side driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
As a possible implementation manner, referring to fig. 4, on the basis of fig. 2, the negative feedback module 202 includes: an operational amplifier OP, a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2.
The first input end of the operational amplifier OP is used for accessing the reference voltage VR, the second input end of the operational amplifier OP is connected with one end of the first resistor R1 and one end of the second resistor R2, and the output end of the operational amplifier OP is connected with the first output end of the conduction control module 204, wherein the operational amplifier OP is used for adjusting the input voltage and applying the adjusted voltage to the conduction control module 204.
Alternatively, the reference voltage VR may be generated by a bandgap reference based circuit, which is not described herein.
Alternatively, the first input terminal of the operational amplifier OP may be a positive input terminal of the operational amplifier OP, and the second input terminal of the operational amplifier OP may be a negative input terminal of the operational amplifier OP. The positive input end of the operational amplifier OP is connected with the reference voltage, and the negative input end of the operational amplifier OP is connected with one end of the first resistor R1 and one end of the second resistor R2. The operational amplifier OP is configured to adjust voltages input by the positive input terminal and the negative input terminal, so that the voltages of the positive input terminal and the negative input terminal of the operational amplifier OP are equal, and the adjusted voltages are applied to the conduction control module 204.
The other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first output terminal of the conduction control module 204. The other end of the second resistor R2 is grounded.
Optionally, the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are used as voltage dividing resistors in the negative feedback module 202, and are used for dividing the high voltage into a required low voltage so as to meet the working voltage requirement of the conduction control module 204 and ensure voltage matching.
For example, the reference voltage VR may be 1V, the ratio of the resistance of the first resistor R1 to the resistance of the second resistor R2 may be 4:1, that is, the voltage at the positive input end of the operational amplifier OP is 1V, and assuming that the voltage input by the negative feedback module is 5V at this time, the voltage at the negative input end of the operational amplifier OP is equal to the voltage at the positive input end of the operational amplifier OP and is 1V through loop adjustment in the negative feedback module 202.
In the negative feedback module, the amplitude of an input signal can be reduced through the action of the operational amplifier, the first resistor and the second resistor, so that the output voltage of the negative feedback module is stabilized, and the working safety of a low-side driving circuit is ensured.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a turn-on control module in a low-side driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
As a possible implementation manner, referring to fig. 5, on the basis of fig. 2, the conduction control module 204 includes: the first NMOS tube Q1, the first PMOS tube Q2, the zener diode D1 and the third resistor R3. Wherein, NMOS tube refers to N-Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor, PMOS tube refers to P-Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor.
The drain electrode of the first NMOS tube Q1 is connected with the output end of the voltage amplification module 201, the source electrode of the first NMOS tube Q1 is connected with the first end of the negative feedback module 202, and the grid electrode of the first NMOS tube Q1 is connected with the drain electrode of the first NMOS tube Q1, the drain electrode of the first PMOS tube Q2 and the output end of the zener diode D1.
Optionally, the gate of the first NMOS transistor Q1 is further connected to the drain of the first NMOS transistor Q1, and this connection may enable the first NMOS transistor Q1 to be in a saturation region, i.e., vds > Vgs-Vt. Vds is the drain voltage of the first NMOS transistor Q1, vgs is the gate voltage of the first NMOS transistor Q1, and Vt is the threshold voltage of the first NMOS transistor Q1. Therefore, vgs > Vt can be made, and the first NMOS transistor Q1 is further guaranteed to be in a conducting state.
Optionally, the drain and the source of the first NMOS transistor Q1 are configured to output the voltage output by the voltage amplifying module 201 to the negative feedback module 202, so as to perform the processing of the negative feedback module 204 on the voltage and the current output by the voltage amplifying module 201, and output the voltage and the current processed by the negative feedback module 202 to the first PMOS transistor Q2 through the gate of the first NMOS transistor Q1, so as to determine whether the subsequent conduction control module 204 is turned on, and determine whether the current output of the low-side driving circuit 200 is a high level or a low level.
The source of the first PMOS transistor Q2 is connected to the first input terminal of the high-level output module 205 and the first input terminal of the low-level output module 206.
Optionally, the first PMOS transistor Q2 is configured to determine whether to conduct. When the first PMOS transistor Q2 is turned on, it is determined that the output of the current low-side driving circuit 200 is at a high level, and when the first PMOS transistor Q2 is turned off, it is determined that the output of the current low-side driving circuit 200 is at a low level.
The input end of the zener diode D1 is connected to the gate of the first PMOS transistor Q2 and one end of the third resistor R3.
Optionally, the zener diode D1 may be a zener diode, so as to protect the gate of the first PMOS transistor Q2 from overvoltage, thereby ensuring the working stability of the first PMOS transistor Q2 and further ensuring the normal working of the low-side driving circuit 200.
The other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the output terminal of the control signal inverting module 203.
Optionally, the third resistor R3 is used for protecting the conduction control module 204, limiting the current magnitude of the conduction control module 204, and protecting circuit elements in the conduction control module 204.
The zener diode D1 may be a zener diode with a clamping voltage of 5v to 5.5 v. The maximum withstand voltage of the gate of the first NMOS transistor Q1 may be 5.5V, so that the first NMOS transistor Q1 has an optimal on-resistance. When the source voltage of the first NMOS transistor Q1 is 5V, the gate voltage of the first NMOS transistor Q1 may be 5v+vth. Wherein Vth is the threshold voltage of the first NMOS transistor Q1. When the first PMOS transistor Q2 is turned on, the output of the on control module 204 is at a high level, which is also 5v+vth.
In the on control module, the output level of the low-side driving circuit is judged through the first NMOS tube and the first PMOS tube, and the high level and the low level can be judged, so that the output is respectively carried out, and the driving control is realized. Meanwhile, the voltage stabilizing diode and the third resistor provide circuit protection for the first NMOS tube and the first PMOS tube, so that the circuit safety of the conduction control module is ensured.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-level output module in a low-side driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
As a possible implementation manner, referring to fig. 6, the high level output module 205 includes, on the basis of fig. 2: fourth resistor R4 and second NMOS transistor Q3.
One end of the fourth resistor R4 is used for being connected with the power supply voltage VM, and the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected with the drain electrode of the second NMOS tube Q3.
Optionally, the fourth resistor R4 is configured to provide electrostatic protection for the drain electrode of the second NMOS transistor Q3, so as to prevent the drain electrode of the second NMOS transistor Q3 from being damaged by static electricity by displaying the drain current of the second NMOS transistor Q3.
The gate of the second NMOS transistor Q3 is connected to the second output terminal of the turn-on control module 204. The source of the second NMOS transistor Q3 is used to output a high level.
Optionally, the second NMOS transistor Q3 is configured to remain turned on under the action of the on control module 204, so that current and voltage can flow through the second NMOS transistor Q3 via the fourth resistor R4, thereby outputting the driving signal Out, and implementing low-side driving.
In the high-level output module, the second NMOS tube outputs high level, so that high-level output of the low-side drive circuit can be realized, and meanwhile, the fourth resistor protects the second NMOS tube, so that normal operation of the high-level output module can be ensured.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-level output module in a low-side driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
As a possible implementation manner, referring to fig. 7, the low level output module 206 includes, on the basis of fig. 2: third NMOS transistor Q4 and fourth NMOS transistor Q5.
The drain electrode of the third NMOS transistor Q4 is connected to the second output end of the on control module 204, the gate electrode of the third NMOS transistor Q4 is connected to the output end of the control signal inverting module 203, and the source electrode of the third NMOS transistor Q4 is grounded.
The gate of the fourth NMOS transistor Q5 is connected to the output end of the control signal inverting module 203, the source of the fourth NMOS transistor Q5 is grounded, and the drain of the fourth NMOS transistor Q5 is configured to output a low level.
Optionally, the third NMOS transistor Q4 and the fourth NMOS transistor Q5 are configured to output a low level, and when the third NMOS transistor Q4 and the fourth NMOS transistor Q5 are turned on, the sources of the third NMOS transistor Q4 and the fourth NMOS transistor Q5 are grounded, so that the drains of the third NMOS transistor Q4 and the fourth NMOS transistor Q5 can output a low level.
In the low-level output module, the third NMOS tube and the fourth NMOS tube are used for outputting low level, so that low-level output of the low-side driving circuit can be realized.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a control signal reversing module in a low-side driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
As a possible implementation manner, referring to fig. 8, on the basis of fig. 2, the control signal reversing module 203 includes: an inverter INVA.
Optionally, the inverter INVA is configured to invert the phase of the input signal In by 180 degrees, and output the inverted phase to the turn-on control module 204 to determine the output level.
Each module in the low-side driving circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application is described above, and the working principle of the low-side driving circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application is described below.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a low-side driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present application, and referring to fig. 9, a drain of a first NMOS transistor Q1 is used as a first input terminal of a turn-on control module 204, and a current source I1 in a voltage amplifying module 201 and a drain of the first NMOS transistor Q1 in the turn-on control module 204.
The other end of the third resistor R3 is used as a second input end of the conduction control module 204, and the other end of the third resistor R3 in the conduction control module 204 is connected with an output end of the inverter INVA in the control signal reversing module 203.
The source of the first NMOS Q1 is used as the first output end of the conduction control module 204, and the source of the first NMOS Q1 in the conduction control module 204 is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier OP in the negative feedback module 202 and the other end of the first resistor R1.
The source electrode of the first PMOS transistor Q2 is used as the second output end of the conduction control module 204, and the source electrode of the first PMOS transistor Q2 in the conduction control module 204 is connected to the gate electrode of the second NMOS transistor Q3 in the high-level output module 205.
The source of the first PMOS transistor Q2 is used as the second output terminal of the conduction control module 204, and the source of the first PMOS transistor Q2 in the conduction control module 204 is connected to the drain of the third NMOS transistor Q4 in the low-level output module 206.
The gate of the third NMOS transistor Q4 is used as the second input end of the low-level output module 206, and the gate of the third NMOS transistor Q4 in the low-level output module 206 is connected to the output end of the inverter INVA in the control signal inverting module 203.
The gate of the fourth NMOS transistor Q5 is connected to the output terminal of the inverter INVA in the control signal inverting module 203 as the gate of the fourth NMOS transistor Q5 in the third input terminal low level output module 206 of the low level output module 206.
When the low-side driving circuit receives the control signal In from the outside and is at a high level, the inverter INVA In the control signal inverting module 203 inverts the phase of the input signal and outputs a low-level signal, and at this time, the gate of the first PMOS transistor Q2 In the turn-on control module 204 receives the low-level signal, so that the drain and the source of the first PMOS transistor Q2 In the turn-on control module 204 are turned on, assuming that the source voltage of the first NMOS transistor Q1 is 5V, and correspondingly, the gate voltage of the second NMOS transistor Q3 In the high-level output module 205 is 5v+vth, where Vth is the threshold voltage of the second NMOS transistor Q3. Therefore, the drain and the source of the second NMOS transistor Q3 in the high-level output module 205 are turned on, and the power supply voltage VM can output the driving signal Out of 5V through the high-level output module 205, so as to realize the driving of the motor.
When the low-side driving circuit receives the control signal In from the outside and is at the low level, the inverter INVA In the control signal inverting module 203 inverts the phase of the input signal and outputs the high-level signal, and at this time, the gates of the third NMOS transistor Q4 and the fourth NMOS transistor Q5 In the low-level output module 206 respectively receive the high-level signal, so that the third NMOS transistor Q4 and the fourth NMOS transistor Q5 In the low-level output module 206 are turned on and the output driving signal Out is at the low level.
The structure and circuit principle of the low-side driving circuit are described above, and the motor driving circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application is described on the basis of the above description.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a motor driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present application, and referring to fig. 10, a motor driving circuit 1000 includes: a control module 1001, a high side drive module 1002 and a low side drive module 1003.
The low side driver module 1003 includes a plurality of low side driver circuits as described above.
Optionally, the low-side driving module 1003 includes a plurality of low-side driving circuits, where circuit parameters of the plurality of low-side driving circuits may be the same or different. The embodiment of the present application will be described by taking two low-side driving circuits as an example.
The input end of the high side driving module 1002 and the input end of the low side driving module 1003 are connected to the control module 1001 for accessing the control signal of the control module 1001.
It should be understood that the motor driving circuit 1000 provided in this embodiment is used for driving a motor, where the high-side driving module 1002 and the low-side driving module 1003 both implement driving the motor under the control signal of the control module 1001.
In this embodiment, the high-side driving module and the low-side driving module are used together to debug the power of the motor driving circuit under the action of the control module, so as to realize the driving of the motor.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-side driving module in a motor driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
As a possible implementation, referring to fig. 11, on the basis of fig. 10, the low-side driving module 1003 includes: the first low-side driving circuit 2001, the second low-side driving circuit 2002, the first low-side NMOS transistor Q6, and the second low-side NMOS transistor Q7.
The first input terminal of the first low-side driving circuit 2001 and the first input terminal of the second low-side driving circuit 2002 are respectively connected to the power supply voltage VM, and the second input terminal of the first low-side driving circuit 2001 and the second input terminal of the second low-side driving circuit 2002 are respectively connected to the control module 1001 for accessing the control signal.
A first output terminal of the first low-side driving circuit 2001 is connected to a gate of the first low-side NMOS transistor Q6, and a second output terminal of the first low-side driving circuit 2001 is grounded. The drain of the first low-side NMOS transistor Q6 is connected to the first output of the high-side driver module 1002, and the source of the first low-side NMOS transistor Q6 is grounded.
Optionally, the first low-side driving circuit 2001 determines and processes the control signal of the control module 1001. When the control module 1001 inputs a high level to the first low side driving circuit 2001, the first low side driving circuit 2001 outputs a high level, so that the gate of the first low side NMOS transistor Q6 is at a high level, the drain and the source of the first low side NMOS transistor Q6 are turned on, the drain of the first low side NMOS transistor Q6 is at a low level, and when the control module 1001 inputs a low level to the first low side driving circuit 2001, the first low side driving circuit 2001 outputs a low level, so that the gate of the first low side NMOS transistor Q6 is at a low level, the drain and the source of the first low side NMOS transistor Q6 are not turned on, and the drain of the first low side NMOS transistor Q6 is at a high level.
The first output end of the second low-side driving circuit 2002 is connected with the gate of the second low-side NMOS transistor Q7, and the second output end of the second low-side driving circuit 2002 is grounded. The drain electrode of the second low-side NMOS transistor Q7 is connected to the second output end of the high-side driving module 1002, and the source electrode of the second low-side NMOS transistor Q7 is grounded.
Optionally, the second low-side driving circuit 2002 determines and processes the control signal of the control module 1001. When the control module 1001 inputs a high level to the second low side driving circuit 2002, the second low side driving circuit 2002 outputs a high level, so that the gate of the second low side NMOS transistor Q7 is at a high level, the drain and the source of the second low side NMOS transistor Q7 are turned on, the drain of the second low side NMOS transistor Q7 is at a low level, when the control module 1001 outputs a low level to the second low side driving circuit 2002, the second low side driving circuit 2002 outputs a low level, so that the gate of the second low side NMOS transistor Q7 is at a low level, the drain and the source of the second low side NMOS transistor Q7 are not turned on, and the drain of the second low side NMOS transistor Q7 is at a high level.
Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of another structure of a motor driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
As a possible implementation manner, referring to fig. 12, on the basis of fig. 11, the high-side driving module 1002 includes: a high side driving circuit, a first switch S1 and a second switch S2.
The input end of the high-side driving circuit is connected with the control module 1001 and is used for accessing the control signal of the control module 1001.
Alternatively, the high-side driving circuit may be a high-side driving circuit familiar to those skilled in the art, and specifically may include an electronic device and a logic control unit, so as to implement on and off of the switching element, where the high-side driving circuit is used to determine and process a control signal of the control module 1001.
The first output end of the high-side driving circuit is connected with the first end of the first switch S1, and the second output end of the high-side driving circuit is connected with the first end of the second switch S2.
Alternatively, when the control module 1001 inputs a high level, the high side driving circuit outputs a high level to the first terminal of the first switch S1 and the first terminal of the second switch S2.
The second end of the first switch S1 and the second end of the second switch S2 are respectively used for accessing a supply voltage, the third end of the first switch S1 is connected with the drain electrode of the first low-side NMOS transistor Q6, and the third end of the second switch is connected with the drain electrode of the second low-side NMOS transistor Q7.
Alternatively, the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 may be active high-level switches, or may be a device such as a relay that can be used to control the on-off state of the circuit according to the level.
The driving principle of the motor driving circuit of the present embodiment is explained below.
In an embodiment, when the control module 1001 inputs a high level to the high side driving circuit to control the first switch S1 to be closed, the high side driving circuit outputs the high level to the first end of the first switch S1, and at this time, the first switch S1 is closed. Meanwhile, the control module 1001 inputs a low level to the first low-side driving circuit 2001, and the first low-side driving circuit 2001 outputs a low level so that the gate of the first low-side NMOS transistor Q6 is at a low level, and the drain and the source of the first low-side NMOS transistor Q6 are not conductive. At this time, the power supply voltage VM is connected to the positive electrode of the load through the first switch S1. The control module 1001 inputs a low level for controlling the second switch S2 to be turned on to the high-side driving circuit, and the control module 1001 inputs a high level to the second low-side driving circuit 2002, so that the gate of the second low-side NMOS transistor Q7 is at a high level, the drain and the source of the second low-side NMOS transistor Q7 are turned on, the drain of the second low-side NMOS transistor Q7 is at a low level, and at this time, the negative electrode of the load is grounded through the second low-side NMOS transistor Q7, so as to drive the motor.
In an embodiment, when the control module 1001 inputs a high level to the high side driving circuit to control the second switch S2 to be closed, the high side driving circuit outputs the high level to the first end of the second switch S2, and at this time, the second switch S2 is closed. Meanwhile, the control module 1001 inputs a low level to the second low-side driving circuit 2002, and the second low-side driving circuit 2002 outputs a low level so that the gate of the second low-side NMOS transistor Q7 is at a low level, and the drain and the source of the second low-side NMOS transistor Q7 are not conductive. At this time, the power supply voltage VM is connected to the positive electrode of the load through the second switch S2. The control module 1001 inputs a low level for controlling the first switch S1 to be turned on to the high side driving circuit, and the control module 1001 inputs a high level to the first low side driving circuit 2001, so that the gate of the first low side NMOS transistor Q6 is at a high level, the drain and the source of the first low side NMOS transistor Q6 are turned on, the drain of the first low side NMOS transistor Q6 is at a low level, and at this time, the negative electrode of the load is grounded through the first low side NMOS transistor Q6, so as to drive the motor.
The foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think about changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and the changes or substitutions are covered in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A low-side drive circuit, comprising: the device comprises a voltage amplifying module, a negative feedback module, a control signal reversing module, a conduction control module, a high-level output module and a low-level output module;
the input end of the voltage amplification module is used for being connected with a power supply voltage, and the output end of the voltage amplification module is connected with the first input end of the conduction control module, wherein the conduction control module is used for outputting a high level to the high level output module or outputting a low level to the low level output module according to the output signal of the voltage amplification module, the output signal of the negative feedback module and the output signal of the control signal reversing module;
the second input end of the conduction control module is connected with the output end of the control signal reversing module, and the input end of the control signal reversing module is used for accessing a control signal;
the first output end of the conduction control module is connected with the first end of the negative feedback module, the second end of the negative feedback module is used for accessing reference voltage, and the third end of the negative feedback module is grounded, wherein the negative feedback module is used for adjusting an input signal of the conduction control module;
The second output end of the conduction control module is respectively connected with the first input end of the high-level output module and the first input end of the low-level output module;
the second input end of the high-level output module is used for being connected with a power supply voltage, and the output end of the high-level output module is used for outputting high level;
the second input end and the third input end of the low-level output module are connected with the output end of the control signal reversing module, and the output end of the low-level output module is used for outputting low level.
2. The low-side drive circuit of claim 1, wherein the voltage amplification module comprises: a charge pump and a current source;
the input end of the charge pump is used for being connected with a power supply voltage, the output end of the charge pump is connected with the input end of the current source, and the output end of the current source is connected with the first input end of the conduction control module.
3. The low-side drive circuit of claim 1, wherein the negative feedback module comprises: an operational amplifier, a first resistor and a second resistor;
the first input end of the operational amplifier is used for accessing reference voltage, the second input end of the operational amplifier is connected with one end of the first resistor and one end of the second resistor, and the output end of the operational amplifier is connected with the first output end of the conduction control module, wherein the operational amplifier is used for adjusting the input voltage and acting the adjusted voltage on the conduction control module;
The other end of the first resistor is connected with the first output end of the conduction control module;
the other end of the second resistor is grounded.
4. The low-side drive circuit of claim 1, wherein the turn-on control module comprises: the first N-type field effect transistor, the first P-type field effect transistor, the zener diode and the third resistor;
the drain electrode of the first N-type field effect transistor is connected with the output end of the voltage amplifying module, the source electrode of the first N-type field effect transistor is connected with the first end of the negative feedback module, and the grid electrode of the first N-type field effect transistor is connected with the drain electrode of the first N-type field effect transistor, the drain electrode of the first P-type field effect transistor and the output end of the voltage stabilizing diode;
the input end of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the grid electrode of the first P-type field effect transistor and one end of the third resistor;
the source electrode of the first P-type field effect transistor is connected with the first input end of the high-level output module and the first input end of the low-level output module;
the other end of the third resistor is connected with the output end of the control signal reversing module.
5. The low-side drive circuit of claim 1, wherein the high-level output module comprises: a fourth resistor and a second N-type field effect transistor;
one end of the fourth resistor is used for being connected with a power supply voltage, and the other end of the fourth resistor is connected with the drain electrode of the second N-type field effect transistor;
the grid electrode of the second N-type field effect transistor is connected with the second output end of the conduction control module;
the source electrode of the second N-type field effect transistor is used for outputting high level.
6. The low-side drive circuit of claim 1, wherein the low-level output module comprises: a third N-type field effect transistor and a fourth N-type field effect transistor;
the drain electrode of the third N-type field effect transistor is connected with the second output end of the conduction control module, the grid electrode of the third N-type field effect transistor is connected with the output end of the control signal reversing module, and the source electrode of the third N-type field effect transistor is grounded;
the grid electrode of the fourth N-type field effect transistor is connected with the output end of the control signal reversing module, the source electrode of the fourth N-type field effect transistor is grounded, and the drain electrode of the fourth N-type field effect transistor is used for outputting low level.
7. The low-side drive circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the control signal reversing module includes: an inverter.
8. A motor drive circuit, characterized by comprising: the device comprises a control module, a high-side driving module and a low-side driving module;
the low-side driving module comprises a plurality of low-side driving circuits as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7;
the input end of the high-side driving module and the input end of the low-side driving module are connected with the control module and are used for accessing control signals of the control module.
9. The motor drive circuit of claim 8, wherein the low-side drive module comprises: the first low-side driving circuit, the second low-side driving circuit, the first low-side N-type field effect transistor and the second low-side N-type field effect transistor;
the first input end of the first low-side driving circuit and the first input end of the second low-side driving circuit are respectively used for being connected with a power supply voltage, and the second input end of the first low-side driving circuit and the second input end of the second low-side driving circuit are respectively connected with the control module and used for being connected with a control signal;
A first output end of the first low-side driving circuit is connected with a grid electrode of the first low-side N-type field effect transistor, and a second output end of the first low-side driving circuit is grounded; the drain electrode of the first low-side N-type field effect transistor is connected with the first output end of the high-side driving module, and the source electrode of the first low-side N-type field effect transistor is grounded;
the first output end of the second low-side driving circuit is connected with the grid electrode of the second low-side N-type field effect transistor, and the second output end of the second low-side driving circuit is grounded; and the drain electrode of the second low-side N-type field effect transistor is connected with the second output end of the high-side driving module, and the source electrode of the second low-side N-type field effect transistor is grounded.
10. The motor drive circuit of claim 9, wherein the high-side drive module comprises: a high-side driving circuit, a first switch and a second switch;
the input end of the high-side driving circuit is connected with the control module and is used for accessing control signals of the control module;
the first output end of the high-side driving circuit is connected with the first end of the first switch, and the second output end of the high-side driving circuit is connected with the first end of the second switch;
The second end of the first switch and the second end of the second switch are respectively used for being connected with a power supply voltage, the third end of the first switch is connected with the drain electrode of the first low-side N-type field effect transistor, and the third end of the second switch is connected with the drain electrode of the second low-side N-type field effect transistor.
CN202311764779.XA 2023-12-21 2023-12-21 Low-side driving circuit and motor driving circuit Active CN117477916B (en)

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CN218783715U (en) * 2022-12-01 2023-03-31 湖北亿纬动力有限公司 High-low side drive control circuit and control system
WO2023138161A1 (en) * 2022-01-24 2023-07-27 比亚迪股份有限公司 Low-side driving circuit, electronic device having same, and vehicle
WO2023219031A1 (en) * 2022-05-09 2023-11-16 ローム株式会社 Gate drive circuit, power-good circuit, overcurrent sensing circuit, oscillation prevention circuit, switching control circuit and switching power supply device

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN202815478U (en) * 2012-08-28 2013-03-20 比亚迪股份有限公司 Low side driving circuit
CN113746462A (en) * 2020-05-29 2021-12-03 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 Driving circuit
US20220255546A1 (en) * 2020-05-29 2022-08-11 Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited Drive circuit
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