CN117458849B - Flexible direct current converter valve submodule topological structure and parameter design method thereof - Google Patents
Flexible direct current converter valve submodule topological structure and parameter design method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117458849B CN117458849B CN202311359552.7A CN202311359552A CN117458849B CN 117458849 B CN117458849 B CN 117458849B CN 202311359552 A CN202311359552 A CN 202311359552A CN 117458849 B CN117458849 B CN 117458849B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
- H02M1/34—Snubber circuits
- H02M1/348—Passive dissipative snubbers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
- H02H9/041—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage using a short-circuiting device
Abstract
The invention relates to a flexible direct current converter valve submodule topological structure and a parameter design method thereof, comprising the following steps: the switching tube branch, the direct current voltage equalizing branch and the capacitor output branch are arranged in parallel; the switching tube branch is provided with two switching tube assemblies in series, the two switching tube assemblies comprise switching tubes and diodes which are arranged in parallel, and a module port is led out from the middle parts of the two switching tube assemblies; the direct current voltage equalizing branch circuit comprises a first serial branch circuit and a second serial branch circuit, the first serial branch circuit is provided with a first voltage equalizing resistor and a second voltage equalizing resistor in series, the second serial branch circuit is arranged at two ends of the first voltage equalizing resistor in parallel and forms an absorption loop together with the second voltage equalizing resistor, and the second serial branch circuit is provided with a TVS tube and an absorption capacitor; and the capacitor output branch is provided with a direct current capacitor, and two ends of the direct current capacitor are used for being connected with a load. The invention can be widely applied to the field of power electronic equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a flexible direct current converter valve submodule topological structure for inhibiting a turn-off voltage peak of a low-loss switch tube and a parameter design method thereof, belonging to the field of power electronic devices.
Background
The flexible direct current adopts a fully-controlled IGBT device which is a voltage source type converter, so that dependence on an alternating current power grid is eliminated in principle, and the flexible direct current converter has the important technical advantages of no commutation failure, black start capability, active and reactive independent decoupling control, flexible operation mode, capability of realizing large-scale tide regulation and control and the like, and can be widely applied to application scenes such as asynchronous power grid interconnection, new energy source sending and the like.
The flexible direct current converter valve is composed of sub-modules, and in the practical application process, switching tubes such as IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor) in the sub-modules can generate peak voltage at two poles of a current path in the turn-off process, and the peak voltage generally causes energy loss, so that the service life of the switching tube is shortened, and even breakdown damage is caused due to exceeding the withstand voltage of the switching tube. In order to avoid the off-voltage spike, in the design of the flexible direct current system, enough submodules are required to be configured to reduce the working voltage of the single submodule, thereby reducing the off-voltage spike. However, this approach greatly reduces the utilization of the individual sub-modules, resulting in a substantial increase in the overall cost of the converter valve apparatus and the project.
Another method for suppressing the turn-off voltage spike is to add an absorption loop, the absorption loop is usually implemented by connecting a resistor and a capacitor in series and then connecting the resistor and the capacitor in parallel, energy is absorbed through the capacitor, and then the energy is released through the resistor at the turn-on time of a switching tube such as an IGBT. However, this solution requires a new added resistance and results in a higher overall loss of the absorption loop due to the current flowing into or out of the sub-module. In actual engineering, the voltage of the submodule is lower under most conditions, and the voltage of the superimposed capacitor of the turn-off voltage spike is far smaller than the withstand voltage level of the device, so that an absorption loop is not needed. Therefore, the investment of the absorption loop under the working condition can increase the equipment loss without limit, and the design target of low-loss and high-efficiency power electronic equipment is not met.
Therefore, it is needed to explore a method for efficiently suppressing the off-peak voltage of a module with low loss, which has important significance in reducing engineering investment, improving equipment operation safety and ensuring low loss and high efficiency of system operation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a flexible direct current converter valve submodule topological structure for inhibiting the turn-off voltage spike of a low-loss switch tube and a parameter design method thereof, and the topological structure can be used for inhibiting the turn-off voltage spike of high-power electronic devices such as IGBT, and the like, and simultaneously reduces the power consumption of an absorption loop and the loss of equipment per se.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a flexible dc converter valve submodule topology comprising:
the switching tube branch, the direct current voltage equalizing branch and the capacitor output branch are arranged in parallel;
the switching tube branch is provided with two switching tube assemblies in series, the two switching tube assemblies comprise switching tubes and diodes which are arranged in parallel, and a module port is led out from the middle parts of the two switching tube assemblies;
the direct current voltage equalizing branch circuit comprises a first serial branch circuit and a second serial branch circuit, the first serial branch circuit is provided with a first voltage equalizing resistor and a second voltage equalizing resistor in series, the second serial branch circuit is arranged at two ends of the first voltage equalizing resistor in parallel and forms an absorption loop together with the second voltage equalizing resistor, and the second serial branch circuit is provided with a TVS tube and an absorption capacitor;
and the capacitor output branch is provided with a direct current capacitor, and two ends of the direct current capacitor are used for being connected with a load.
Further, the switching tube adopts a fully-controlled switching device.
Further, the number of the switching tubes is at least one, and when the number is more than 2, the switching tubes are connected in parallel; the number of the diodes is at least one, and when the number is 2 or more, the diodes are connected in parallel.
Further, in the switching tube assembly, the switching tube and the diode are discrete devices or integrated devices.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a parameter design method of a flexible direct current converter valve submodule topological structure, which comprises the following steps:
designing the resistance value of a second voltage-sharing resistor in the direct-current voltage-sharing branch circuit and the resistance value of a diode in the switching tube component;
designing parameters of TVS tubes in the direct current voltage equalizing branch based on the threshold voltage of the direct current capacitor in the capacitor output branch;
and designing other device parameters in the topological structure of the flexible direct current converter valve submodule based on the parameter design result.
Further, the resistance value of the second voltage-sharing resistor in the direct-current voltage-sharing branch circuit and the resistance value of the diode in the switching tube component are designed, so that the resistance value of the second voltage-sharing resistor is far greater than the equivalent on-state resistance of the diode, and the current can not charge the absorption capacitor through the negative electrode of the port of the submodule when the submodule operates.
Further, the design of parameters of the TVS tube in the dc voltage equalizing branch based on the threshold voltage of the dc capacitor in the capacitor output branch includes:
building a double-pulse test platform to perform double-pulse test on the flexible direct-current converter valve submodule, and determining the threshold voltage UT of the direct-current capacitor;
based on the threshold voltage UT of the dc capacitance, parameters of the TVS tube are determined such that the TVS tube is turned on only when the dc capacitance exceeds the threshold voltage UT.
Further, the constructing the double-pulse test platform performs double-pulse test on the flexible direct current converter valve submodule to determine the threshold voltage UT of the direct current capacitor, and the constructing comprises the following steps:
2.1.1 Building a device double-pulse test platform;
2.1.2 Setting the test current as 2 times of rated current value of a switching tube in a switching tube branch circuit;
2.1.3 Adjusting the test voltage to a set value at different temperatures;
2.1.4 Under the set test current, testing the voltage between the ends born by the switching tube device when the switching tube device is turned off under different capacitor voltages;
2.1.5 Judging whether the capacitor voltage reaches the maximum tolerance capacity, if so, entering a step 2.1.6), otherwise, returning to the step 2.1.3);
2.1.6 The test voltage at this time is referred to as the threshold voltage UT of the dc capacitor.
Further, the step of determining whether the capacitor voltage reaches the maximum tolerance refers to determining whether the capacitor voltage is less than the maximum voltage of the switching tube after the capacitor voltage is added to the off spike voltage.
Further, determining the parameter of the TVS tube based on the threshold voltage UT of the dc capacitor in the capacitor output branch circuit means that the parameter of the TVS tube is matched through the threshold voltage UT, so that when the TVS tube is turned on, the absorption loop is put into, and the voltage spike flows into the absorption capacitor through the TVS tube.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages: according to the flexible direct current converter valve submodule topological structure with the low-loss switching tube turn-off voltage spike suppression, the TVS tube is introduced to control the absorption loop to be flexibly input according to actual voltage conditions, so that loss increase caused by input of the absorption loop under low voltage can be effectively avoided, and the turn-off spike voltage inhibition under high voltage is effectively suppressed. Through the method, design difficulties such as busbar and stray parameters in module design are reduced, operation loss of the converter valve is reduced, increase of module number caused by overvoltage is reduced, and overall performance and economy of the flexible direct current converter valve are improved.
Therefore, the invention can be widely applied to the technical field of power electronic equipment.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Like parts are designated with like reference numerals throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a topology structure diagram of a flexible DC converter valve submodule provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a controllable absorption loop feature determination provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 3a and 3b are bipulse test platform topologies for determining controllable absorption loop characteristics provided by embodiments of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a waveform diagram after suppressing a peak of a turn-off voltage according to an embodiment of the present invention, where a is the turn-off voltage and B is the peak of the turn-off current.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which are obtained by a person skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of the invention, fall within the scope of protection of the invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a topology structure of a flexible dc converter valve submodule is provided, in the topology structure, a cathode of a TVS tube is connected to a C pole of an upper switch tube, an anode of the TVS tube is connected to a resistor R2 after passing through an absorption capacitor C2, and through a collaborative design of withstand voltage of the TVS tube and the switch tube, conduction voltage drop of the resistor R2 and a diode D2 tube, etc., it is ensured that an absorption loop only acts after a voltage of the capacitor C1 exceeds a threshold voltage, thereby reducing loss of the absorption loop.
Correspondingly, in other embodiments of the present invention, a method for designing parameters of a flexible dc converter valve submodule topology is provided.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a topology structure of a flexible dc converter valve submodule, which includes: the switching tube branch, the direct current voltage equalizing branch and the capacitor output branch are arranged in parallel. The switching tube branch is provided with a first switching tube assembly and a second switching tube assembly in series, and two ends of the second switching tube assembly are also connected with a module port; the direct current voltage equalizing branch circuit comprises a first series branch circuit and a second series branch circuit, wherein the first series branch circuit is provided with a first voltage equalizing resistor R1 and a second voltage equalizing resistor R2, the second series branch circuit is provided with a TVS tube and an absorption capacitor C2, and the second series branch circuit is arranged at two ends of the first voltage equalizing resistor R1 in parallel and forms an absorption loop together with the second voltage equalizing resistor R2; the capacitor output branch is provided with a direct-current capacitor C1, and two ends of the direct-current capacitor C1 are connected with a load.
Preferably, the first switching tube assembly includes a first switching tube T1 and a first diode D1 arranged in parallel, and the second switch Guan Zujian is identical in structure to the first switching tube assembly and includes a second switching tube T2 and a second diode D2 arranged in parallel.
Preferably, the first switching tube T1 and the second switching tube T2 may be fully controlled switching devices having high-speed switching capability, such as IGBTs, MOSFETs, triodes, and the like.
Preferably, in the first switching tube assembly, the number of the first switching tubes T1 is at least one, and when the number of the first switching tubes T1 is more than 2, the first switching tubes T1 are connected in parallel; similarly, the number of the first diodes D1 is at least one, and when the number of the first diodes D1 is 2 or more, the diodes are connected in parallel. The second switching tube assembly is identical to the first switching tube assembly.
Preferably, the first switching tube T1 and the first diode D1, and the second switching tube T2 and the second diode D2 may be discrete devices or integrated power device modules.
Example 2
The above embodiment 1 provides a topology structure of a flexible dc converter valve submodule, and correspondingly, the present embodiment provides a parameter design method of the topology structure of the flexible dc converter valve submodule, which includes the following steps:
1) The resistance value of a second equalizing resistor R2 in the direct current equalizing branch and the resistance value of a second diode D2 in the second switching tube assembly are designed, so that the current can not charge an absorption capacitor C2 when the submodule operates;
2) Based on the threshold voltage of the direct current capacitor C1 in the capacitor output branch, designing parameters of the TVS tube in the direct current voltage equalizing branch, so that the TVS tube is conducted only when the direct current capacitor C1 exceeds the threshold voltage UT, namely the absorption loop is conducted;
3) And (3) designing other device parameters in the topological structure of the flexible direct current converter valve submodule based on the parameter design results of the step (1) and the step (2) so as to realize the suppression of the turn-off voltage spike of the low-loss switching tube.
Preferably, in the step 1), the resistance value of the second equalizing resistor R2 in the dc equalizing branch and the resistance value of the second diode D2 in the second switching tube assembly are designed, so that the resistance value of the second equalizing resistor R2 is far greater than the equivalent on-state resistance of the diode D2, and the current will not charge the absorption capacitor C2 through the sub-module port negative electrode during the operation of the sub-module.
Preferably, in the step 2), the method includes the steps of:
2.1 Building a double-pulse test platform to perform double-pulse test on the flexible direct-current converter valve submodule and determining the threshold voltage UT of the direct-current capacitor C1;
2.2 Based on the threshold voltage UT of the dc capacitor C1), the parameters of the TVS tube are determined.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3a to 3b, in the step 2.1), when determining the threshold voltage of the dc capacitor C1 in the capacitor output branch, the method includes the following steps:
2.1.1 Building a device double-pulse test platform;
2.1.2 Setting the test current as 2 times of rated current value of a switching tube device in a switching tube branch circuit;
2.1.3 Adjusting the test voltage to a set value at different temperatures;
2.1.4 Under the set test current, testing the voltage between the ends born by the switching tube device when the switching tube device is turned off under different capacitor voltages;
2.1.5 Judging whether the capacitor voltage reaches the maximum tolerance capacity, if so, entering a step 2.1.6), otherwise, returning to the step 2.1.3);
2.1.6 The test voltage at this time is referred to as the threshold voltage UT of the dc capacitor C1.
Preferably, in the step 2.1.5), the step of determining whether the capacitor voltage reaches the maximum tolerance refers to determining whether the capacitor voltage is smaller than the maximum voltage of the switching tube device after the capacitor voltage is added to the off spike voltage, that is, the principle that the capacitor voltage+the off spike voltage < the maximum voltage of the switching tube. In particular, a certain safety margin may be considered in the judgment.
Preferably, in the step 2.2), the parameter of the TVS tube is determined based on the threshold voltage UT of the dc capacitor C1 in the capacitor output branch, that is, the parameter of the TVS tube is matched through the threshold voltage UT, so that when the TVS tube is turned on, the absorption loop is put into operation, the voltage spike flows into the absorption capacitor C2 through the TVS tube, so as to realize the suppression of the turn-off voltage spike, and realize the protection of the core device under extreme stress.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the specific embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is intended to be covered by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A flexible dc converter valve submodule topology comprising:
the switching tube branch, the direct current voltage equalizing branch and the capacitor output branch are arranged in parallel;
the switching tube branch is provided with two switching tube assemblies in series, the two switching tube assemblies comprise switching tubes and diodes which are arranged in parallel, and a module port is led out from the middle parts of the two switching tube assemblies;
the direct current voltage equalizing branch circuit comprises a first serial branch circuit and a second serial branch circuit, the first serial branch circuit is provided with a first voltage equalizing resistor and a second voltage equalizing resistor in series, the second serial branch circuit is arranged at two ends of the first voltage equalizing resistor in parallel and forms an absorption loop together with the second voltage equalizing resistor, and the second serial branch circuit is provided with a TVS tube and an absorption capacitor;
and the capacitor output branch is provided with a direct current capacitor, and two ends of the direct current capacitor are used for being connected with a load.
2. A flexible dc converter valve submodule topology according to claim 1, wherein the switching tubes are fully controlled switching devices.
3. A flexible dc converter valve submodule topology according to claim 2, wherein the number of said switching tubes is at least one and when the number is more than 2, each of said switching tubes is connected in parallel; the number of the diodes is at least one, and when the number is 2 or more, the diodes are connected in parallel.
4. A flexible dc converter valve submodule topology according to claim 2, wherein the switching tube and the diode are discrete devices or integrated devices in the switching tube assembly.
5. A method for parameter design using the flexible direct current converter valve submodule topology according to any one of the claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
designing the resistance value of a second voltage-sharing resistor in the direct-current voltage-sharing branch circuit and the resistance value of a diode in the switching tube component;
designing parameters of TVS tubes in the direct current voltage equalizing branch based on the threshold voltage of the direct current capacitor in the capacitor output branch;
and designing other device parameters in the topological structure of the flexible direct current converter valve submodule based on the parameter design result.
6. The method for designing parameters of a flexible direct current converter valve submodule topology according to claim 5, wherein the step of designing the resistance of the second equalizing resistor in the direct current equalizing branch and the resistance of the diode in the switching tube assembly instructs the resistance of the second equalizing resistor to be far greater than the equivalent on-state resistance of the diode, so that the current does not charge the absorption capacitor through the submodule port negative electrode during operation of the submodule.
7. The method for designing parameters of a flexible direct current converter valve submodule topological structure according to claim 5, wherein the designing parameters of the TVS tube in the direct current equalizing branch based on the threshold voltage of the direct current capacitor in the capacitor output branch comprises:
building a double-pulse test platform to perform double-pulse test on the flexible direct-current converter valve submodule, and determining the threshold voltage UT of the direct-current capacitor;
based on the threshold voltage UT of the dc capacitance, parameters of the TVS tube are determined such that the TVS tube is turned on only when the dc capacitance exceeds the threshold voltage UT.
8. The method for designing parameters of a topology structure of a flexible dc converter valve submodule according to claim 7, wherein the constructing the double-pulse test platform to perform double-pulse test on the flexible dc converter valve submodule to determine the threshold voltage UT of the dc capacitor includes:
2.1.1 Building a device double-pulse test platform;
2.1.2 Setting the test current as 2 times of rated current value of a switching tube in a switching tube branch circuit;
2.1.3 Adjusting the test voltage to a set value at different temperatures;
2.1.4 Under the set test current, testing the voltage between the ends born by the switching tube device when the switching tube device is turned off under different capacitor voltages;
2.1.5 Judging whether the capacitor voltage reaches the maximum tolerance capacity, if so, entering a step 2.1.6), otherwise, returning to the step 2.1.3);
2.1.6 The test voltage at this time is referred to as the threshold voltage UT of the dc capacitor.
9. The method for designing parameters of a flexible direct current converter valve submodule topology according to claim 8, wherein the step of determining whether the capacitor voltage reaches the maximum tolerance is to determine whether the capacitor voltage is less than the maximum voltage of the switching tube after the capacitor voltage is added to the off spike voltage.
10. The method for designing parameters of a flexible dc converter valve submodule topology according to claim 8, wherein the determining the parameters of the TVS tube based on the threshold voltage UT of the dc capacitor in the capacitor output branch is that the parameters of the TVS tube are matched through the threshold voltage UT, so that when the TVS tube is turned on, the absorption loop is put into, and the voltage spike flows into the absorption capacitor through the TVS tube.
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| CN104052048A (en) * | 2014-07-10 | 2014-09-17 | 北京赛德高科铁道电气科技有限责任公司 | Active clamping circuit driven by IGBT |
| JP2017017849A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2017-01-19 | ダイハツ工業株式会社 | Snubber circuit of power supply unit for plasma reactor |
| JP2017017850A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2017-01-19 | ダイハツ工業株式会社 | Power supply unit for plasma reactor |
| CN106374767A (en) * | 2016-09-18 | 2017-02-01 | 国网福建省电力有限公司 | Modular multilevel converter sub-module simulation model of considering secondary loop |
| CN109039100A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-12-18 | 许继集团有限公司 | A kind of semibridge system submodule of modularization multi-level converter |
| CN209283085U (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-08-20 | 深圳市沃尔德实业有限公司 | A kind of diode absorption circuit |
| CN112310946A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-02-02 | 许继集团有限公司 | Flexible direct current converter valve submodule and control method thereof |
| CN112350292A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-02-09 | 北京航天发射技术研究所 | Reverse irrigation energy absorption circuit and control method |
| CN112564466A (en) * | 2020-12-05 | 2021-03-26 | 青岛鼎信通讯股份有限公司 | IGBT turn-off spike suppression circuit of low-voltage static var generator |
| CN113760028A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-12-07 | 许继集团有限公司 | Energy taking power supply and energy taking method of flexible and straight submodule |
| CN114156841A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-03-08 | 国网河北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Novel disconnected commutation loop topological structure of heavy current forced commutation |
| CN114448210A (en) * | 2022-02-09 | 2022-05-06 | 昆明品启科技有限公司 | Dynamic voltage-sharing circuit of thyristor series high-voltage direct-current path and design method |
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