CN117415628B - Laser slot milling machine with assembled commutator and use method thereof - Google Patents
Laser slot milling machine with assembled commutator and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117415628B CN117415628B CN202311741152.2A CN202311741152A CN117415628B CN 117415628 B CN117415628 B CN 117415628B CN 202311741152 A CN202311741152 A CN 202311741152A CN 117415628 B CN117415628 B CN 117415628B
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- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 131
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001342 Bakelite® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004637 bakelite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
- B23C3/28—Grooving workpieces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/08—Protective coverings for parts of machine tools; Splash guards
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/10—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/24—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a laser slot milling machine with a combined commutator and a use method thereof, the laser slot milling machine comprises a workbench, wherein a commutator positioning turntable is arranged on the upper side of the workbench, a commutator indexing mandrel is arranged on the commutator positioning turntable, a swinging frame extending to one side is sleeved on the commutator positioning turntable, a laser tracker is arranged at the extending end part of the swinging frame, laser rays of the laser tracker are horizontally emitted to the commutator, an XY shaft servo driving assembly and a motor are arranged at the side part of the commutator positioning turntable, a double-blade milling cutter is arranged on a main shaft of the motor, and the vertical projections of the center lines of the double-blade milling cutter, the laser tracker and the center of the commutator indexing mandrel are on the same straight line. The invention can solve the problems that the existing photoelectric tracking slot milling machine cannot meet the high-precision slot milling requirement of the special-group-type mica commutator with three variables, namely, unequal chord lengths caused by burrs after the copper sheets are turned and the centripetal angle of the copper sheets is not 0.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of grooving processes of planar commutators, in particular to a laser grooving machine for a combined type commutator and a use method thereof.
Background
In the production and pressing process of the traditional insert type reverser, because the clearance displacement between the copper sheets and the mica sheets is caused when the thicknesses of the copper sheets are arranged and extruded and the thicknesses of the mica sheets are uneven (layering), the circumferential arrangement of the copper sheets and the mica sheets are unequal, and when the centripetal angle of the copper sheets is 0 or the extrusion process deviation is smaller, the chord length error of the copper sheets is very small and less than 0.02mm, the traditional insert type reverser can be basically regarded as an equivalent quantity, so that the photoelectric tracking slot milling machine on the market can calculate the chord length variation of the mica only by tracking the straight edge of the current copper sheet to the straight edge of the next copper sheet, and can be used for manufacturing the tracking slot of the adjustable deflection swing frame in advance; the principle algorithm of the device is different in size, and the coordinate adjustment of the milling cutter blade is purely mechanical screw adjustment, whether the device is a type of filament lamp slit light source and silicon sheet tracking signal combination, a type of infrared ray tracking light or a type of CCD image tracking signal. However, if the photoelectric tracking slot milling machine is applied to the combined commutator with unequal mica gaps and copper sheets and large centripetal angle error of the copper sheets, the high-precision requirement of symmetry degree after the copper sheets are milled out of the wiring lug boss cannot be met by the conventional photoelectric tracking slot milling machine.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a laser slot milling machine for a combined type commutator and a use method thereof, which can solve the problem that the existing laser slot milling machine cannot meet the high-precision boss slot milling requirement of the combined type commutator with unequal mica gaps and copper sheets and unequal chord lengths and centripetal angles of the copper sheets.
In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the utility model provides a laser milling flutes machine of group's vertical commutator, includes the workstation, the upside of workstation install commutator positioning turntable, commutator positioning turntable on install commutator indexing spindle, commutator indexing spindle drive by the indexing servo motor of workstation below rotate, commutator positioning turntable on the cover be equipped with the rocker that extends to one side, the extension tip vertical installation of rocker have laser tracker, laser tracker's laser ray horizontal emission directional commutator upper portion lateral wall of installing on the commutator indexing spindle, the lateral part of commutator positioning turntable install XY axle servo drive assembly, XY axle servo drive assembly on install the motor, the main shaft of motor on install double blade milling cutter, the vertical projection of the center of double blade milling cutter, laser tracker and commutator indexing spindle on same straight line, adopt the central line of double blade milling cutter, laser tracker and commutator setting up to three-point tracking overall arrangement structure for the copper sheet can guide the accurate position of double blade milling cutter on the two sides of a wire-electrode accuracy grinding flutes of accurate grinding algorithm.
Preferably, the workbench is provided with an auxiliary support, a tail top cylinder is arranged right above the commutator positioning turntable on the auxiliary support, the lower end of the tail top cylinder is vertically connected with a tail ejector rod, and shaking of the commutator during rotation of the commutator indexing mandrel and vibration generated during milling of the commutator can be reduced through the offset of the tail ejector rod and the commutator indexing mandrel.
Preferably, the auxiliary bracket is provided with a lubricating rod lifting rotating part, the lower end of the lubricating rod lifting rotating part is connected with a lubricating rod positioned above the double-blade milling cutter, and the automatic lifting lubricating rod is arranged to effectively lubricate the double-blade milling cutter for feeding milling, so that the milling precision is improved, the smoothness of a milling product knife edge is improved, and the service life of an alloy blade is especially prolonged by 50%.
Preferably, a chip removal port is formed in the position, located between the commutator positioning rotary table and the laser tracker, of the workbench, a copper chip guide cover and a copper chip protection cover are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the chip removal port, copper chips can be collected in a concentrated mode, and the copper chip guide cover and the copper chip protection cover can prevent the copper chips from splashing far in the milling process, and normal operation of other parts on the milling machine is affected.
Preferably, the copper scraps guiding pipe is arranged below the chip removal port, the aggregate frame is arranged below the copper scraps guiding pipe, so that copper scraps are conveniently collected and treated in a concentrated mode, a large amount of copper scraps cannot be left on the table top, and the characteristic that precious metals are collected in real time is achieved.
Preferably, a tool setting electronic display mirror is arranged on one side above the commutator indexing mandrel, can be lifted and swung at 90 degrees, can acquire images amplified by double blades and copper sheets when a product is changed, and can improve the operability and efficiency of tool setting by combining a film cross dial.
Preferably, the vertical support is vertically arranged at the end part of the extending end of the swing frame, the adjusting groove is vertically formed in the upper portion of the vertical support, the laser tracker is movably arranged along the adjusting groove, the height of the laser tracker can be adjusted through the vertical support, and the position of the laser tracker can be accurately adjusted when different commutators are milled.
Preferably, a shielding cylinder is arranged on the side part of the laser tracker, an extending rod of the shielding cylinder faces to the front side of the laser tracker, a shielding plate is arranged on the extending rod, and the shielding cylinder can drive the shielding plate to shield the laser tracker when a lubricating rod is contacted with the double-blade milling cutter, so that the lubricating rod is prevented from being sputtered onto the laser tracker after being melted.
In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a method for using the laser slot milling machine with the assembled commutator according to the first aspect, which specifically includes the following steps:
s1, placing a to-be-processed commutator on a commutator indexing mandrel for positioning, and driving a tail ejector rod to downwards prop the commutator indexing mandrel by a tail ejection cylinder;
s2, the upper end of a copper sheet on the commutator is a boss extending in the radial direction, the edges of two sides of the copper sheet, which are positioned below the boss, are measurement points, laser emitted by the laser tracker is aligned with the measurement points, the indexing servo motor drives the indexing mandrel of the commutator to rotate, the laser tracker measures the interval parameter between the measurement points of each copper sheet, the maximum number and the minimum number are taken, the difference between the maximum number and the minimum number is obtained, when the difference is larger than a difference specified base, the outer surface of the commutator is polished, the measurement is repeated to obtain a difference until the difference is smaller than the difference specified base, and the maximum number and the minimum number of the difference smaller than the difference specified base are input into a control system of the laser milling machine;
s3, driving the indexing mandrel of the commutator to rotate by an indexing servo motor, sequentially detecting and comparing interval parameters between measuring points of adjacent copper sheets by a laser tracker, finding out two adjacent copper sheets with the smallest difference, taking the latter copper sheets as first milling slots, driving a double-blade milling cutter to move to the first milling slots by an XY-axis servo driving assembly to perform double-blade milling on bosses at the upper ends of the copper sheets, and returning after milling;
s4, detecting measuring points of copper sheets in the second milling slot by using the copper sheets adjacent to the first milling slot as the second milling slot, commanding the indexing servo motor to drive the indexing mandrel of the commutator to rotate by the control system according to the measured value of the measuring points, and sequentially milling the second milling slot by feeding the double-blade milling cutter until all the copper sheets are milled, wherein cutting is stopped when the measured value of the measuring points of the copper sheets detected by the laser tracker exceeds a numerical range between the maximum number and the minimum number of the control system of the laser milling machine in S2 in the cyclic milling process.
Further, in step S3 and step S4, the lubrication rod lifting rotating member drives the lubrication rod to descend to contact the double-blade milling cutter during feed milling of the double-blade milling cutter.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the double-blade milling cutter, the laser tracker and the commutator indexing mandrel are arranged to be of a three-point and one-line tracking layout structure, so that the laser tracker can accurately and stably guide the mechanical position of double-blade feeding, and the self-grinding algorithm ensures the symmetry degree of the double-blade milling cutter on milling grooves on two sides of a wiring boss on a copper sheet. The XY-axis servo driving assembly is adopted to drive the double-blade milling cutter to move, linkage milling can be carried out according to the encoded digital coordinates, so that blade quadrants (groove shape and size) can be precisely controlled, and the precision is high and the smoothness is good; in the processing process, the most proper first milling groove position is selected through tracking measurement comparison of the distance parameters of the measuring points, so that the accuracy of the subsequent circulating milling groove is indirectly ensured; the precision range of processing is set according to the pitch parameter of the actually measured measuring points, the processed product is effectively protected, and the high-precision milling groove requirement of the combined commutator with unequal mica gap chord lengths, unequal copper sheet chord lengths due to reasons and error in the centripetal angle of the copper sheet can be met.
Therefore, the device has the characteristics of high precision, high efficiency, intelligent processing and the like, and solves the bottleneck problem existing when the vertical steel bushing commutator rises to the platform for milling grooves. The equipment solves the problem that the traditional photoelectric tracking slot milling machine cannot guarantee the high-precision slot milling requirement of the lifting table of the assembled steel sleeve commutator through machining by adopting an innovative combined cutter structure, optimized cutter materials and a unique cutter cooling mode, a special laser alignment mode and a unique algorithm.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a first perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a second perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged block diagram of the portion A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a partial top view block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a front cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a partial perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged block diagram of the portion B of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a side cross-sectional block diagram of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a partial schematic view of the commutator of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1: a work table; 11: a laser tracker; 12: a double-bladed milling cutter; 13: tail ejector rods; 14: an indexing servo motor; 15: indexing mandrel of commutator; 16: a swing frame; 17: copper scraps guide pipe; 18: a material collecting frame; 19: an X-axis servo motor; 2: a commutator positioning turntable; 20: a transverse sliding table; 21: a Y-axis servo motor; 22: a motor; 23: a lubrication rod lifting rotating component; 24: a vertical support; 25: a shielding plate; 26: shielding the cylinder; 27: a dust removal pipe; 28: a vertical sliding table; 3: an auxiliary bracket; 4: an XY axis servo drive assembly; 5: a tail top cylinder; 7: copper scraps guiding cover; 8: copper scraps protective cover; 9: a tool setting electron microscope; 10: a lubrication rod; A. b: measuring points; C. d: a second checking point; E. f: and a first check detection point.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
The special assembled steel sleeve commutator is the most difficult to process and the most core component in the direct current motor, the commutator segments, the metal sleeve, the metal pressing ring and the corresponding insulating materials are combined together through a special dovetail groove structure, and the components with special structures are formed by fastening round nuts. Although various assembled tool fixtures are greatly researched and improved, in the process of turning, nuts at two ends are pre-tightened in the process of assembling, the copper sheets are deflected and twisted at two ends as a whole due to the fact that no bakelite powder is pulled after extrusion molding is avoided, and therefore, the commutator is difficult to ensure that the chord lengths of circumferentially spaced natural mica are equal and the centripetal angles of each commutator segment are equal after lamination. Therefore, when the commutator rises up the circumference milling groove, the processing equipment is provided with higher requirements, so that the edge of the conventional copper sheet is taken as a measuring point, the edge of the conventional copper sheet radially extends to the outer end face of the boss from the measuring point to generate larger deviation, and the requirement of the group vertical commutator on the symmetry degree of slotting on two sides of the wiring boss on the copper sheet is higher, so that the requirements of the milling groove precision of the group vertical commutator are met by adopting a tracking mode arrangement structure and an innovative processing technology which are different from those of the conventional tracking milling groove machine.
Therefore, in order to solve the above technical problems, as shown in fig. 1-8, the embodiment of the invention provides a laser slot milling machine with a vertical commutator, which comprises a workbench 1, wherein a commutator positioning turntable 2 is arranged on the upper side of the workbench 1, a commutator indexing mandrel 15 is arranged on the commutator positioning turntable 2, the commutator indexing mandrel 15 is driven by an indexing servo motor 14 below the workbench 1 to rotate, a rocker 16 extending to one side is sleeved on the commutator positioning turntable 2, a laser tracker 11 is vertically arranged at the extending end part of the rocker 16, laser rays of the laser tracker 11 are horizontally emitted to the upper side wall of the commutator arranged on the commutator indexing mandrel 15, an XY axis servo driving assembly 4 is arranged on the side part of the commutator positioning turntable 2, a motor 22 is arranged on the XY axis servo driving assembly 4, a double-blade 12 is arranged on a main shaft of the motor 22, a center line of the double-blade 12, a copper sheet 11 and the double-blade spindle 15 of the commutator indexing mandrel are arranged on the same straight line of the laser milling cutter 12, and the two-side milling cutter is arranged on the two-wire milling cutter 12, and the two-radius milling cutter is arranged on the two-edge milling cutter guide points of the two-position of the same straight-line milling cutter 12, and the two-side milling cutter is ensured to be in a symmetrical-position of the straight-line milling cutter 12.
Specifically, the XY axis servo drive assembly 4 may include a horizontal guide rail mounted on the upper side of the workbench 1 and a transverse sliding table 20 mounted on the horizontal guide rail, the screw is internally mounted with a screw rod, the screw rod is driven to rotate by an X axis servo motor 19 at one end of the screw rod and is converted into horizontal transverse movement of the transverse sliding table 20, meanwhile, one end of the transverse sliding table 20 is mounted with a vertical guide rail, a vertical sliding table 28 is slidingly provided on the vertical guide rail, the screw rod is also mounted in the vertical sliding table 28, one end of the screw rod is mounted with a Y axis servo motor 21, the vertical sliding table 28 can be driven to slide vertically, the motor 22 is transversely mounted on the vertical sliding table 28, and the XY axis servo drive assembly 4 can drive the motor 22 and the double-blade milling cutter 12 to move and position accurately in digital coordinates established by a control system of the laser milling machine. The control system of the laser slot milling machine adopts the prior art, comprises the prior electric control element and the prior electric control program, can control the XY axis servo driving assembly 4, the motor 22, the laser tracker 11 and the indexing servo motor 14 to perform the matched operation, can integrate the control system into a control box, and is arranged on one side of the workbench 1.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 5, an auxiliary support 3 is disposed on the workbench 1, a tail top cylinder 5 is mounted right above the commutator positioning turntable 2 on the auxiliary support 3, a tail top rod 13 is vertically connected to the lower end of the tail top cylinder 5, shake generated when the commutator indexing mandrel 15 rotates and vibration generated when the commutator is milled can be reduced by propping the tail top rod 13 against the commutator indexing mandrel 15, and safety gratings can be mounted on two sides of the auxiliary support 3 to prevent the outside from entering the range of the commutator positioning turntable 2 during processing.
In this embodiment, in order to improve the service life and milling precision of the double-blade milling cutter 12, as shown in fig. 5, the auxiliary bracket 3 is provided with a lubrication rod lifting rotating member 23, the lower end of the lubrication rod lifting rotating member 23 is connected with a lubrication rod 10 located above the double-blade milling cutter 12, and by setting the lubrication rod 10 capable of lifting automatically, the double-blade milling cutter 12 for feeding and milling can be effectively lubricated, and the milling precision is improved, wherein the lubrication rod 10 can be made of molybdenum disulfide material, the lubrication effect is good, the lubrication rod lifting rotating member 23 can be made of a cylinder with a rotating function, and can be matched with the feeding action of the double-blade milling cutter 12, so that the lubrication rod 10 contacts with the double-blade milling cutter 12 for lubrication during milling of the double-blade milling cutter 12, specifically, the lubrication rod 10 can rotate according to a program in the milling process, and descends for a half turn, so that the lower end of the lubrication rod 10 can be uniformly consumed. Since the dual-blade milling cutter 12 generates a relatively high temperature during milling, the lubricating rod 10 is melted, and the melted lubricating rod may be sputtered onto the laser tracker 11, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, a shielding cylinder 26 is mounted on the side of the laser tracker 11, an extension rod of the shielding cylinder 26 faces the front side of the laser tracker 11 and a shielding plate 25 is mounted on the extension rod, and the shielding cylinder 26 can drive the shielding plate 25 to the laser tracker 11 when the lubricating rod 10 contacts with the dual-blade milling cutter 12, so that the lubricating rod 10 is prevented from being sputtered onto the laser tracker 11 after being melted.
In some embodiments, as the two sides of the boss of the copper sheet are processed simultaneously by adopting the double-blade milling cutter 12, copper scraps produced by processing are relatively more, as shown in fig. 1-5, a dust removing pipe 27 is arranged at a position between the commutator positioning turntable 2 and the laser tracker 11 on the workbench 1, a copper scraps guiding cover 7 and a copper scraps protecting cover 8 are respectively arranged on the upper side of the dust removing hole, copper scraps can be collected in a concentrated manner, the copper scraps guiding cover 7 can guide the copper scraps produced in the milling process into the dust removing hole, the copper scraps protecting cover 8 can prevent the copper scraps from splashing far in the milling process, the normal work of other parts on the milling machine is influenced, in order to process dust produced in the milling process, the dust removing pipe 27 is arranged in a space between the copper scraps guiding cover 7 and the copper scraps protecting cover 8, the other end of the dust removing pipe 27 is connected with a negative pressure source, and the flying metal dust can be even sucked away, so that the operation of each moving part is prevented from being influenced, and the operation precision of equipment is influenced. Meanwhile, a copper scraps guide pipe 17 is arranged below the scraps discharging port, and a material collecting frame 18 is arranged below the copper scraps guide pipe 17, so that copper scraps can be collected and treated conveniently and intensively.
In some embodiments, in order to improve the precision of tool setting, a tool setting electrotometer 9 is installed on one side above the commutator indexing mandrel 15, the tool setting electrotometer 9 can swing up and down by 90 degrees, and can acquire enlarged images of double blades and copper sheets when a product is changed, and the operability and efficiency of tool setting are improved by combining a film cross dial.
In some embodiments, the extending end of the swing frame 16 is vertically provided with a vertical support 24, an adjusting groove is vertically formed in the upper portion of the vertical support 24, the laser tracker 11 is movably installed along the adjusting groove, the height of the laser tracker 11 can be adjusted by the vertical support 24, the position of the laser tracker 11 can be accurately adjusted when different commutators are milled, specifically, a connecting screw penetrating through the adjusting groove is arranged on the laser tracker 11, a locking nut connected with the connecting screw is installed on the rear side of the vertical support 24, the position of the laser tracker 11 can be finely adjusted by rotating the locking nut, and the machining precision of the adjusting groove is very high.
In this embodiment, the following method may be adopted to process a special commutator by using the laser slot milling machine in the foregoing embodiment, and specifically the following steps are adopted:
s1, placing a to-be-processed commutator on a commutator indexing mandrel 15 for positioning, and driving a tail ejector rod 13 to downwards prop against the commutator indexing mandrel 15 by a tail ejection cylinder 5;
s2, the upper end of the copper sheet on the commutator is a boss extending radially, because the center of the double-blade milling cutter 12, the laser tracker 11 and the commutator indexing mandrel 15 are set to be in a three-point and one-line tracking layout structure, and the two side edges of the copper sheet boss cannot be used as measuring points, as shown in FIG. 9, the two side edges of the copper sheet, which are positioned below the boss, are used as measuring points A, B, the laser emitted by the laser tracker 11 is aligned with the measuring points A, B, the indexing servo motor 14 drives the commutator indexing mandrel 15 to rotate, the laser tracker 11 measures the interval parameter between the measuring points A, B of each copper sheet, the interval parameter can be measured by adopting the pulse number generated by the laser of the laser tracker 11 moving through the copper sheet, the accuracy is relatively high, in practical application, the pulse number of chord length of each copper sheet of a product can be sequentially acquired and displayed on a screen by the laser tracker in advance, after all copper sheets are measured, the maximum number and the minimum number can be obtained, a difference value designated base number G1 is set to determine the precision range, the difference value designated base number G1 can be between 15 and 25, when the difference value G is larger than the difference value designated base number G1, the outer surface of the commutator is polished, the measurement is repeated to obtain a difference value G until the difference value G is smaller than the difference value designated base number G1, the maximum number and the minimum number of the difference value G smaller than the difference value designated base number G1 are input into a control system of the laser milling machine, wherein the outer surface of the commutator is subjected to large-area contact by adopting sand paper when the commutator is polished, so that the indexing mandrel 15 of the commutator is driven to rotate, the outer surface of the commutator is uniformly polished, the difference value G is reduced, the product can be ensured to meet the precision requirement after being milled;
s3, driving a commutator indexing mandrel 15 to rotate by an indexing servo motor 14, sequentially detecting and comparing interval parameters between measuring points A, B of adjacent copper sheets by a laser tracker 11, finding out two adjacent copper sheets with the smallest difference, taking the latter copper sheets as a first milling slot, driving a double-blade milling cutter 12 to move to the first milling slot by an XY axis servo driving assembly 4 to double-blade mill a boss at the upper end of the copper sheets, and returning after milling;
s4, taking the copper sheets adjacent to the first milling slot as a second milling slot, detecting a measuring point A, B of the copper sheets in the second milling slot by the laser tracker 11, commanding the indexing servo motor 14 to drive the indexing mandrel 15 of the commutator to rotate by the control system according to the measured value of the measuring point A, B, and sequentially milling the second milling slot by feeding the double-blade milling cutter 12 in a circulating mode until all the copper sheets are milled, wherein in the circulating milling process, when the measured value of the measuring point A, B of the copper sheets detected by the laser tracker 11 exceeds the numerical range between the maximum number and the minimum number of the control system of the laser milling machine in S2, cutting is stopped, the concentric angle of the copper sheets on the commutator can be detected after cutting is stopped, the position of the commutator is adjusted, and then the machining is performed, so that the product is effectively protected.
In the above steps S3 and S4, the lubricating rod lifting and lowering rotating member 23 drives the lubricating rod 10 to descend in contact with the double-bladed milling cutter 12 at the time of feed milling of the double-bladed milling cutter 12.
After the machining of the commutator is completed, as shown in fig. 9, edges on two sides of a boss of a copper sheet of the commutator may be used as first check detection points E, F, edges on two sides of the copper sheet corresponding to the boss may be used as second check detection points C, D, the commutator may be placed in an optical detection device to measure a distance between the first check detection points E, F and the second check detection points C, D, so as to obtain whether symmetry on two sides of a wiring boss of the machined commutator meets the requirement, and if not, subsequent repair is required to ensure the precision.
It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear are used in the embodiments of the present invention) are merely for explaining the relative positional relationship, movement conditions, and the like between the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicators are changed accordingly.
Furthermore, descriptions such as those referred to as "first," "second," and the like, are provided for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implying an order of magnitude of the indicated technical features in the present disclosure. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless specifically stated and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "affixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "affixed" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral body; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to be based on the fact that those skilled in the art can implement the technical solutions, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be implemented, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered as not existing, and not falling within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The use method of the laser slot milling machine for the assembled commutator comprises a workbench (1), and is characterized in that a commutator positioning rotary table (2) is arranged on the upper side of the workbench (1), a commutator indexing mandrel (15) is arranged on the commutator positioning rotary table (2), the commutator indexing mandrel (15) is driven by an indexing servo motor (14) below the workbench (1) to rotate, a swinging frame (16) extending to one side is sleeved on the commutator positioning rotary table (2), a laser tracker (11) is vertically arranged at the extending end part of the swinging frame (16), laser rays of the laser tracker (11) are horizontally emitted to the upper side wall of the commutator arranged on the commutator indexing mandrel (15), an XY axis servo driving assembly (4) is arranged on the side part of the commutator positioning rotary table (2), a motor (22) is arranged on the XY axis servo driving assembly, a spindle of the motor (22) is provided with a swinging frame (16) extending to one side, and a double-blade (12) is arranged on the spindle of the motor (22), and a double-blade milling cutter (12) is arranged on the spindle of the same center of the straight-line milling cutter (11);
the specific application method comprises the following steps:
s1, placing a to-be-processed commutator on a commutator indexing mandrel (15) for positioning, and driving a tail ejector rod (13) to downwards prop against the commutator indexing mandrel (15) by a tail ejection cylinder (5);
s2, the upper end of a copper sheet on the commutator is a boss extending radially, the edges of two sides of the copper sheet, which are positioned below the boss, are measurement points (A, B), laser emitted by the laser tracker (11) is aligned to the measurement points (A, B), the indexing servo motor (14) drives the indexing mandrel (15) of the commutator to rotate, the laser tracker (11) measures the interval parameter between the measurement points (A, B) of each copper sheet, the maximum number and the minimum number are taken, a difference value G between the maximum number and the minimum number is obtained, when the difference value G is larger than a difference value designated base number G1, the outer surface of the commutator is required to be polished, the measurement is repeated to obtain a difference value G until the difference value G is smaller than the difference value designated base number G1, and the maximum number and the minimum number of the difference value G smaller than the difference value designated base number G1 are input into a control system of the laser slot milling machine;
s3, driving a commutator indexing mandrel (15) to rotate by an indexing servo motor (14), sequentially detecting and comparing interval parameters between measuring points (A, B) of adjacent copper sheets by a laser tracker (11), finding out two adjacent copper sheets with the smallest difference, taking the latter copper sheets as a first milling slot position, driving a double-blade milling cutter (12) to move to the first milling slot position by an XY-axis servo driving assembly (4) to perform double-cutter milling on a boss at the upper end of the copper sheets, and returning after milling;
s4, taking the copper sheet adjacent to the first milling slot as a second milling slot, detecting a measuring point (A, B) of the copper sheet of the second milling slot by the laser tracker (11), commanding the indexing servo motor (14) to drive the indexing mandrel (15) of the commutator to rotate by an angle according to an algorithm by the control system according to the measured value of the measuring point (A, B), and feeding the double-blade milling cutter (12) to mill the second milling slot in sequence until all the copper sheets are milled, wherein the feeding is stopped in a protective manner in the cyclic milling process when the measured value of the measuring point (A, B) of the copper sheet detected by the laser tracker (11) exceeds a numerical range between the maximum number and the minimum number of the control system of the input laser milling machine in the S2.
2. The method for using the laser grooving machine for the assembled commutator of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the automatic reversing machine is characterized in that an auxiliary support (3) is arranged on the workbench (1), a tail top cylinder (5) is arranged right above the reversing positioning turntable (2) on the auxiliary support (3), and the lower end of the tail top cylinder (5) is vertically connected with a tail ejector rod (13).
3. The method for using the laser grooving machine for the assembled commutator as defined in claim 2, which is characterized in that: the lubricating rod lifting rotating component (23) is mounted on the auxiliary support (3), and the lower end of the lubricating rod lifting rotating component (23) is connected with a lubricating rod (10) positioned above the double-blade milling cutter (12).
4. The method for using the laser grooving machine for the assembled commutator of claim 3, which is characterized in that: the side part of the laser tracker (11) is provided with a shielding cylinder (26), and an extending rod of the shielding cylinder (26) faces to the front side of the laser tracker (11) and is provided with a shielding plate (25).
5. The method for using the laser grooving machine for the assembled commutator of claim 1, which is characterized in that: a chip removal port is formed in the position, located between the commutator positioning rotary table (2) and the laser tracker (11), of the workbench (1), and a copper chip guide cover (7) and a copper chip protection cover (8) are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the chip removal port.
6. The method for using the laser grooving machine for the assembled commutator of claim 5, which is characterized in that: the copper scraps guiding pipe (17) is arranged below the scraps discharging port, and the aggregate frame (18) is arranged below the copper scraps guiding pipe (17).
7. The method for using the laser grooving machine for the assembled commutator of claim 1, which is characterized in that: and a tool setting electron microscope (9) is arranged on one side above the commutator indexing mandrel (15).
8. The method for using the laser grooving machine for the assembled commutator of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the laser tracker (11) is movably arranged along the adjusting groove.
9. The method of using a laser grooving machine for a modular commutator according to claim 1, wherein in step S3 and step S4, the lubricating rod lifting and lowering rotating member (23) drives the lubricating rod (10) to descend to contact the double-bladed milling cutter (12) when the double-bladed milling cutter (12) is fed for milling.
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| CN202311741152.2A CN117415628B (en) | 2023-12-18 | 2023-12-18 | Laser slot milling machine with assembled commutator and use method thereof |
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| CN117415628B true CN117415628B (en) | 2024-04-02 |
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| JPH061968B2 (en) * | 1987-03-26 | 1994-01-05 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Commutator groove processing method |
| JPH07336962A (en) * | 1994-05-31 | 1995-12-22 | Koryo Denki Kk | Manufacturing method for commutator groove |
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| CN107785762A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-09 | 宁波胜克换向器有限公司 | A kind of slotter of swing type tank commutator using laser positioning |
| CN113102814A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-07-13 | 上汽大众汽车有限公司 | Automatic lubricated milling cutter |
| KR102296977B1 (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-09-01 | 엄광복 | Apparatus for cutting groove of commutator |
| CN114142321A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-04 | 江苏瑞翔电器有限公司 | Method for manufacturing commutator |
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2023
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2934663A (en) * | 1956-09-08 | 1960-04-26 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Commutator and process of manufacturing the same |
| JPH061968B2 (en) * | 1987-03-26 | 1994-01-05 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Commutator groove processing method |
| JPH07336962A (en) * | 1994-05-31 | 1995-12-22 | Koryo Denki Kk | Manufacturing method for commutator groove |
| WO2000016945A1 (en) * | 1998-09-21 | 2000-03-30 | Le Carbone Lorraine | Method, tool and device for rectifying on site collectors and slip rings in electric machines |
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| KR102296977B1 (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-09-01 | 엄광복 | Apparatus for cutting groove of commutator |
| CN113102814A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-07-13 | 上汽大众汽车有限公司 | Automatic lubricated milling cutter |
| CN114142321A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-04 | 江苏瑞翔电器有限公司 | Method for manufacturing commutator |
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| CN117415628A (en) | 2024-01-19 |
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