CN117365301A - Eye marker, design method, device and medium - Google Patents
Eye marker, design method, device and medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN117365301A CN117365301A CN202311535042.0A CN202311535042A CN117365301A CN 117365301 A CN117365301 A CN 117365301A CN 202311535042 A CN202311535042 A CN 202311535042A CN 117365301 A CN117365301 A CN 117365301A
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 title claims description 67
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/28—Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a reaming device, a design method, equipment and a medium, wherein the reaming device is arranged outside a sleeve, and comprises the following components: the device comprises a driving system, a speed reducing system and a reaming tool, wherein the driving system at least comprises a micro motor group, the micro motor group is used for driving the reaming tool, the speed reducing system comprises a plurality of speed reducing gears, the speed reducing gears are wound around a sleeve pipe for a circle, the upper part of the reaming tool is provided with gear teeth which encircle the sleeve pipe, the gear teeth are meshed with the upper-stage speed reducing gears, and the reaming tool is connected with the sleeve pipe through balls. The adoption of the driving system, the speed reducing system and the ball connection provides a reliable power transmission and control mode, so that the reaming tool can complete effective scribing work outside the sleeve, and the design of the speed reducing system can also provide enough torque to cope with resistance and load in the reaming process. That is, the rower can achieve efficient, flexible and reliable rowing operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drilling equipment, and particularly provides a reaming device, a design method, equipment and a medium.
Background
In the drilling process, the reaming tools put into use mainly comprise a reaming while drilling tool and a drill string reaming tool. For the reamer while drilling, the main working mode is to design a reamer bit with the diameter slightly larger than that of the pilot bit at the upper part of the pilot bit so as to realize the reaming of drilling edges. Currently, some finished products such as small-bore double-core PDC drill bits developed by the American DPI-Reed Hycalog company are put into use; in addition, similar to the double-head same-rotation-speed reamer bit structure, students also develop a double-pole double-rotation-speed reamer bit, such as a novel double-diameter reamer bit developed by Rahim Bima Putra N and the like; for the drill string reamer, a fixed-wing reamer and a movable-wing reamer are classified according to whether or not the cutting part is movable. The fixed wing reamer is mainly an eccentric reamer while drilling, and the reamer saves the time of tripping. However, due to the design of an eccentric structure, the reaming degree in the process of rotating along with a drill string cannot be guaranteed, and under the condition of low drilling speed, the reamer centrifugally moves along with the drill string at the same position, so that a great potential safety hazard is caused to the stability of a well wall at the position. The movable wing reamer takes a mechanical structure as a main part, and a rock breaking cutter is designed into a telescopic working mode. The design is characterized in that when reaming is not needed, the cutter is contracted, normal drilling of the drill string is not affected, and when reaming is needed, reaming is carried out by opening the cutter teeth through hydraulic driving.
According to the analysis, the researches on the problems caused by the stratum slip by related scholars at home and abroad are mainly focused on the problems of necking, sticking, difficult tripping and the like in the drilling process, and are mainly solved by researching and developing various reamer, so that a certain result is obtained. However, no systematic study has been made of mechanical devices that prevent formation slips from damaging the casing after running. Among them, shear casing damage is a very serious concern in large oil fields in recent years, wherein the most serious casing damage is standard layer shear slip casing damage, and the casing damage seriously restricts further development of the oil field. At present, prevention and treatment measures for casing damage are not systematic, and part of oil fields adopt modes of controlling formation pressure, improving casing class level and wall thickness and the like to prevent casing damage, but only play a role in slowing down.
Accordingly, there is a need in the art for a new rower that addresses the foregoing problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made to overcome the above drawbacks, and provides a solution or at least a partial solution to the problem of not being able to effectively prevent and treat casing damage.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides an eye marker mounted on the outside of a casing, comprising: the device comprises a driving system, a speed reducing system and a reaming tool, wherein the driving system at least comprises a micro-motor unit, the micro-motor unit is used for driving the reaming tool, the speed reducing system comprises a plurality of speed reducing gears, the speed reducing gears wind a circle of a sleeve, the upper part of the reaming tool is provided with gear teeth which encircle the sleeve, the gear teeth are meshed with an upper-level speed reducing gear, and the reaming tool is connected with the sleeve through balls.
In one aspect of the above-mentioned hole marker, the rated power of the motor in the micro-motor group needs to be larger than the required motor power, and the required motor power is obtained based on the required power of the hole marker and the total efficiency of the hole marker.
In one aspect of the above-described rower, the power required by the rowing tool is calculated based on the resistance of the rowing tool, the linear speed of the rowing tool, and the efficiency of the rowing tool.
In one technical scheme of the above-mentioned rower, the rated rotation speed of the reduction gear decreases step by step.
In one technical scheme of the above-mentioned reaming device, PDC teeth are inlaid on the outer wall of the reaming tool, and are used for grinding and breaking well wall rock which is close to the casing due to stratum slippage.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for designing an eye marker, comprising:
based on the use requirement, designing the structure and parameters of the eye marker, wherein the eye marker comprises a driving system, a speed reduction system and an eye marker, and the parameters comprise the rated power and the rated rotating speed of the speed reduction system and the power required by the eye marker;
obtaining the maximum torque and the actual torque of the eye marker, and analyzing and judging the rationality of the design of the eye marker based on the maximum torque and the actual torque of the eye marker and/or the rock breaking capacity of the eye marker;
acquiring the relation between the stratum slippage and the borehole contact area, and acquiring the maximum contact area of a working surface of a reaming tool using the reaming device and the borehole and the maximum stratum slippage based on the maximum torque of the reaming device;
and adjusting and optimizing parameters of the rowing machine based on the stratum maximum slippage.
In one technical scheme of the design method of the eye marker, judging the rationality of the design of the eye marker based on the maximum torque and the historical actual torque of the eye marker comprises:
comparing the historical actual torque with the maximum torque to obtain a comparison result;
if the comparison result is that the historical actual torque is smaller than the maximum torque, the eye marker can be normally used and is in a bearing range;
if the comparison result is that the historical actual torque is equal to the maximum torque, the rowing machine is bearing a load exceeding the design capacity of the rowing machine, and damage or failure of the rowing machine can be caused;
if the comparison result is that the actual torque is equal to the maximum torque, the eye marker approaches its limit use capability.
In one technical scheme of the design method of the above-mentioned scriber, the analyzing and judging the rationality of the design of the scriber by the rock breaking capability of the scriber includes:
acquiring the force born by the PDC teeth inlaid on the outer wall of the reaming tool in the rock breaking process and the broken rock fracture cross-sectional area;
acquiring actual rock breaking specific work based on the force born by the PDC teeth in the rock breaking process and the broken rock fracture cross-sectional area;
and judging the rationality of the design of the reaming device based on the actual rock breaking specific work and the preset rock breaking specific work.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device, including a processor and a storage device, where the storage device is adapted to store a plurality of program codes, where the program codes are adapted to be loaded and executed by the processor to perform the design method of the above-mentioned design method of the hole marker.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer readable storage medium, in which a plurality of program codes are stored, the program codes being adapted to be loaded and executed by a processor to perform the design method of the above-mentioned eye marker.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has at least one or more of the following beneficial effects:
in a technical scheme for implementing the invention, the invention provides an eye marker, which is arranged outside a sleeve and comprises the following components: the device comprises a driving system, a speed reducing system and a reaming tool, wherein the driving system at least comprises a micro motor group, the micro motor group is used for driving the reaming tool, the speed reducing system comprises a plurality of speed reducing gears, the speed reducing gears are wound around a sleeve pipe for a circle, the upper part of the reaming tool is provided with gear teeth which encircle the sleeve pipe, the gear teeth are meshed with the upper-stage speed reducing gears, and the reaming tool is connected with the sleeve pipe through balls. Compared with the prior art, the eye marker provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the miniature motor unit in the reaming device has the function of providing power to drive the reaming tool to run, and the miniature motor unit can control the rotating speed and the steering according to the requirement so as to realize the accurate control of the reaming tool; the speed reducing system consists of a plurality of speed reducing gears which encircle the sleeve, the speed reducing gears are used for reducing the rotating speed output by the driving system and converting the rotating speed into larger torque, the upper parts of the speed reducing gears and the reaming tool are gear teeth encircling the sleeve, and the gear teeth are meshed with the upper-stage speed reducing gears so as to transmit the torque to the reaming tool, and the reaming tool and the sleeve are connected through balls, so that the connection mode can provide higher rigidity and torque transmission efficiency; in addition, the ball connection enables movement and rotation of the reaming tool in both axial and transverse directions relative to the cannula. In summary, the drive system, the reduction system and the ball connection provide a reliable power transmission and control means enabling the reaming tool to perform an efficient reaming operation outside the casing. The design of the deceleration system also provides sufficient torque to handle the drag and load during reaming. Overall, the design of such a rower enables efficient, flexible and reliable rowing operations.
Drawings
The present disclosure will become more readily understood with reference to the accompanying drawings. As will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art: the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, like numerals in the figures are used to designate like parts, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an eye marker according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the main steps of a design method of an eye marker according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a PDC cutter force diagram in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a borehole wall surrounding rock stress field after a PDC sheet is pressed into a formation in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of formation slip versus contact area according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of a stress profile of the reamer under extreme contact area conditions in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of a gear according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a gear according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a gear according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a gear according to one embodiment of the present invention;
wherein, 1, a reduction gear; 2. PDC teeth; 3. a sleeve; 4. a miniature motor unit; 5. gear teeth; 6. a housing; 7. and (5) conducting wires.
Detailed Description
Some embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are merely for explaining the technical principles of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an eye marker according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a reamer mounted outside a sleeve 3, comprising: the device comprises a driving system, a speed reducing system and a reaming tool, wherein the driving system at least comprises a micro-motor unit 4, the micro-motor unit 4 is used for driving the reaming tool, the speed reducing system comprises a plurality of speed reducing gears 1, the speed reducing gears 1 are wound on a sleeve 3 for one circle, the upper part of the reaming tool is provided with gear teeth 5 which encircle the sleeve 3, the gear teeth 5 are meshed with the upper-stage speed reducing gears 1, and the reaming tool is in ball connection with the sleeve 3.
In this embodiment, the hole-marking device is externally fixed at a position where the casing 3 is most likely to be damaged, and is driven by the micro-motor unit 4 to realize deceleration through the deceleration system, continuously and slowly rotate around the casing 3 column at a certain rotation speed, and the hole-marking tool is used for passively grinding and breaking the well wall rock close to the casing 3 due to stratum slippage. Specifically, the micro-motor unit 4 in the reaming device is used for providing power to drive the reaming tool to run, and the micro-motor unit 4 can control the rotating speed and the steering according to the requirement so as to realize the accurate control of the reaming tool; the speed reducing system consists of a plurality of speed reducing gears 1, the speed reducing gears 1 encircle the sleeve 3, the speed reducing gears 1 are used for reducing the rotation speed output by the driving system and converting the rotation speed into larger torque, the upper parts of the speed reducing gears 1 and the reaming tool are gear teeth 5 encircling the sleeve 3, the gear teeth 5 are meshed with the upper-stage speed reducing gears 1, so that the torque is transmitted to the reaming tool, and the reaming tool and the sleeve 3 are connected through balls, so that higher rigidity and higher torque transmission efficiency can be provided; in addition, the ball connection enables the reaming tool to move and rotate in an axial and transverse direction relative to the sleeve 3. In summary, the drive system, the reduction system and the ball connection provide a reliable power transmission and control means enabling the reaming tool to perform an efficient reaming operation outside the casing 3. The design of the deceleration system also provides sufficient torque to handle the drag and load during reaming. Overall, the design of such a rower enables efficient, flexible and reliable rowing operations.
Further, the deceleration system further includes: the electric elements such as the lead wires 7 and the like are not oversized due to special working environment, so that a linkage structure is designed, and a plurality of groups of miniature motor groups 4 are adopted to jointly drive the reaming tool.
The reduction system consists of gears as shown in fig. 7-10, and the gears of the reduction system are designed into non-standard parts with small size and special shape, so that the requirements of small volume and strength are met and the transmission is met, in consideration of the limited space of the device. The deceleration of the micro-motor unit 4 is achieved by a custom-made non-standard pinion to ensure that the reaming tool can rotate around the cannula 3 at a low speed.
Further, the reaming tool in this embodiment is a torus with an inner diameter of 150mm, an outer diameter of 170mm, and a height of 2300 mm. The upper part of the device is provided with gear teeth 5 surrounding the sleeve 3, and the gear teeth are meshed with the upper-stage reduction gear 1 to realize reduction, and meanwhile, the direction of the force is changed to enable the reaming tool to rotate around the sleeve 3.
Further, in the external reaming device in this embodiment, the driving system and the decelerating system respectively design 7 sets of 49 micro motors with power of 22W, the matched system surrounds the outer wall of the casing 3, the power provided by grouping combination is 1031.8W, and the gear teeth 5 on the reaming tool are jointly driven to rotate continuously at a low speed around the casing 3 with a large torque at a certain rotation speed, so that the reaming tool can continuously and slowly rotate around the casing 3.
In addition, a housing 6 is provided outside the motor unit and gear set to accommodate a wet operating environment.
In one embodiment, the rated power of the motors in the miniature motor-unit 4 needs to be greater than the required motor power, which is derived based on the power required by the reaming tool, the overall efficiency of the reaming tool.
In the present embodiment, the power required for the scribing tool refers to the power required for driving the scribing tool to perform the scribing operation. The reaming tool typically encounters some resistance during use, requiring sufficient power to overcome the resistance and maintain proper operation. The total efficiency of the scribing tool refers to the ratio between the power actually generated and the input driving power of the scribing tool when the scribing operation is completed. The overall efficiency of the reaming tool is generally determined by a number of factors, including friction losses, transmission losses, and the design and quality of the reaming tool itself. To ensure that the drive system is able to drive the reaming tool with sufficient force and efficiency, the rated power of the motor in the miniature motor-unit 4 should be slightly greater than the actual power required. This ensures that the motor can provide sufficient power during the reaming process while also compromising the life and stability of the motor. Excessive power reserves can also cope with changes in workload when necessary, ensuring stability and reliability of the reaming operation.
Specifically, the required motor power P d ：
Wherein eta w For the overall efficiency of the reaming tool, P' W Power required for the reaming tool.
In one embodiment, the power required by the reaming tool is calculated based on the resistance of the reaming tool, the linear speed of the reaming tool, and the efficiency of the reaming tool.
In this embodiment, the scoring tool encounters a certain resistance during the scoring operation, which depends on the material being scored and the coefficient of friction between the scoring tool and the material. The greater the resistance, the greater the driving power required. In addition, the linear speed of the reaming tool can also affect the power required. The linear speed refers to the moving speed of the scoring tool when scoring the material. As the line speed increases, the resistance of the dicing material also increases, and thus the required power increases. In addition, the efficiency of the reaming tool can also have an impact on the power required. The efficiency of the scoring tool refers to the ratio between the actual scoring power and the input driving power. The higher the efficiency, the less drive power is required. Therefore, the power required by the reaming tool is calculated by comprehensively considering factors such as resistance, linear speed and efficiency. This power value will be referred to as a reference, helping to select the appropriate motor to drive the reaming tool, ensuring smooth reaming operation.
In particular, the power p 'required by the reaming tool' w ：
Wherein F is w Resistance (N) to the reaming tool; v w Line speed (m/s) of the reaming tool; η (eta) w Efficiency of the reaming tool.
Further, the mechanical efficiency of each transmission part of the reamer in this embodiment is shown in table 1 below:
table 1 mechanical efficiency of the transmission parts
| Name of the name | Efficiency of |
| Cylindrical gear | 0.96-0.99 |
| Bevel gear | 0.94-0.98 |
| Umbrella toothWheel | 0.94-0.98 |
| Rolling bearing | 0.98-0.99 |
The pressing force of the rock applied by the rowing machine in the embodiment in normal operation is 2013N, namely F w 2013N. The rotating speed of the eye marker is 1.4r/min, and the rotating radius is 850mm; the reaming tool consists of a bearing and a gear, and has the working efficiency eta w 0.94 to give P w ' 792.4W.
As can be seen from Table 1, the overall efficiency η of the reaming tool ∑ 0.81, and thus the power of the motor is required. Obtainable P d 978.2W。
Further, the rated power of the motor is determined:
according to P ed ≥P d To select the model of the motor. Because the device operational environment is special, the motor size requirement is more harsh. Therefore, the required motor power is divided, and a plurality of groups of low-power motors are coaxially connected in series to replace the required motor total power. Through looking up the related data, a phi 28mm direct current miniature speed reducing motor is selected. The motor is selected to be 120mm long, 28mm wide and 28mm high, and rated at 116 revolutions per minute and 22W in power. The working efficiency of the coaxial series connection of the motors is 95%, so that 49 micro motors are used, and each group of 7 micro motors are divided into 7 groups of coaxial series connection and distributed on the outer wall of the sleeve 3. At this time, the total power provided by the motor group is 1031.8W which is larger than the power P required by the reaming tool d 。
Further, in one embodiment, the rated rotational speed of the reduction gear 1 is gradually decreased.
In this embodiment, the reduction gear set is typically comprised of a plurality of gears, each having its teeth and gear ratio fixed. The original input rotation speed is transmitted to the first gear, and then is transmitted through each gear in sequence, and finally reaches the output end, so that the required speed reduction effect is achieved. By gradually decreasing the rotation speed, the requirements of the system can be met while high efficiency and stability are maintained.
For example: the full-load rotating speed of the selected motor is 116r/min. The theoretical rotating speed of the reaming tool is 1.4r/min according to the working condition.
The transmission ratio of each transmission part of the reamer in the embodiment is obtained by the reciprocal of the pitch circle diameter of the meshing gear, and the transmission ratio of each stage is i 1 ＝2.4，i 2 ＝2.3，i 3 ＝3.4，i 4 Total gear ratio i of the transmission =4.4 Total (S) ＝i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 = 82.58. The moduli are all 1.
The gear designs for each stage are shown in table 2 below:
table 2 transmission parameters at each stage
In one embodiment, PDC teeth 2 are embedded in the outer wall of the reaming tool for abrasive breaking of borehole wall rock adjacent to the casing 3 due to formation slip.
In this embodiment, the PDC teeth 2 are a high strength abrasive material with excellent crushing and grinding properties. They are typically designed and manufactured by the drilling tool manufacturer and secured to the outer wall of the reaming tool by welding or other means. PDC teeth 2 are known for their high wear and impact resistance and can produce effective cutting and grinding action on borehole wall rock. When the reaming tool is lowered into a well, PDC teeth 2 inlaid on the outer wall are contacted with the rock of the well wall, and the rock surface is broken and ground under the mechanical action of rotation and propulsion. This helps to reduce friction from the wellbore wall, maintain the integrity of the wellbore, and ensure stability of the wellbore. By using the outer wall of the reaming tool to inlay the PDC teeth 2, efficiency and safety during drilling can be improved while reducing problems caused by formation slippage, such as plugging, borehole collapse, and wall instability.
Example two
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a flow chart illustrating main steps of a method for detecting falsified data according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the method for detecting faking data in the embodiment of the invention mainly comprises the following steps S1-S4.
The invention also provides a design method of the eye marker, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, designing the structure and parameters of the eye marker based on the use requirement, wherein the eye marker comprises a driving system, a speed reduction system and an eye marker, and the parameters comprise the rated power and the rated rotating speed of the speed reduction system and the power required by the eye marker;
s2, obtaining the maximum torque and the actual torque of the eye marker, and analyzing and judging the rationality of the design of the eye marker based on the maximum torque and the actual torque of the eye marker and/or the rock breaking capacity of the eye marker;
in this embodiment, the rationality of the design of the hole marker may be determined by obtaining the maximum torque and the actual torque of the hole marker and performing the rock breaking capacity analysis based on these data. This ensures that the reamer has sufficient torque to cope with the rock breaking demands under various geological conditions.
S3, acquiring a relation between the stratum slippage and the borehole contact area, and acquiring the maximum contact area of a working surface of a reaming tool using the reaming device and the borehole and the maximum stratum slippage based on the maximum torque of the reaming device;
in this embodiment, the formation slip refers to a phenomenon that the rock of the well wall moves or slides due to external force or pressure. In drilling operations, if the stratum slip exceeds the bearing capacity of the casing 3, the casing 3 is unstable and damaged, and even the safety problems such as collapse of the well wall are caused. A scriber is a tool used to scribe vertical channels in a wellbore. In performing reaming operations, the reamer needs to exert sufficient force and torque to fracture the borehole wall and penetrate the formation. The maximum torque is the maximum torque which can be output by the reamer, and the contact area is the area where the reamer contacts the well wall. When the contact area increases, the friction between the reamer and the well wall increases. This requires the reamer to apply more force and torque to overcome the friction and thereby fracture the borehole wall. Thus, a larger contact area may increase the maximum torque required for the rowing machine. Therefore, in order to ensure that the reamer breaks the well wall smoothly, it is necessary to ensure that there is sufficient contact area between the reamer and the well wall to provide sufficient friction and resistance. Only when the contact area of the rowing machine and the well wall is large enough, the maximum torque required by the rowing machine for breaking the well wall can be met.
By taking the relationship between the formation slip and the borehole contact area, the maximum area of the reaming tool in contact with the borehole and the maximum slip of the formation when the reaming tool is in use can be determined. The parameters of the reaming tool may be adjusted in this way to ensure that the reaming tool is able to closely contact the borehole and effectively address formation slippage issues. Specifically, the maximum torque required by the reaming tool for breaking the well wall is in direct proportion to the contact area, and the contact area between the working surface of the reaming tool outside the casing 3 and the well bore is required to be 1.05m 2 At this time, the maximum torque that the device can provide is 171.1 N.m. In the stratum sliding process, the casing 3 and the external reaming device of the casing 3 gradually incline under the stratum shearing action, and the borehole contact area of the reaming device for damaging the borehole wall gradually increases until the contact area is overlarge and reaches the limit torque. Calculation by COMSOL 5.6 finite element software gave the formation slip versus contact area relationship shown in fig. 5. When the stratum slides to be in contact with the working surface of the reaming tool, the contact area of the stratum and the reaming tool is gradually increased, so that the maximum torque can be reached according to the torque of the reaming tool, the contact area of the borehole is obtained, and the ground sliding quantity is obtained.
Taking the above part of the sliding surface of a half borehole as an example, the contact area between the borehole wall and the reaming tool is calculated through simulation, and the whole length of the reaming tool is contacted with the borehole wall. Under the condition, the stress condition of the working face of the reaming device is calculated, and as shown in fig. 6, the maximum stress position of the reaming device is positioned at the contact position of the sliding face and the well wall, the maximum Mises stress is 295.3MPa, and the yield limit of the equipment is not reached. Therefore, the maximum stratum slip amount bearable by the device is 104.13mm, at the moment, the contact area of the reaming tool and the well wall is too large, so that the torque required for breaking the rock cannot be provided to stop rotating, and after the breaking of the rock, the reaming device fails to form the damage of the casing 3. Compared with the device without the scratching device, the maximum slippage is obviously improved.
The reaming device in the embodiment can grind 1.25mm of well wall rock in one day, and the actual slippage of the stratum in each day is 0.19mm/d larger than that of the stratum in the on-site investigation; the casing 3 with the external hole marker mounted thereon can prevent damage caused by shearing of stratum rock under the condition that stratum slip amount is accumulated to 104.13mm compared with the casing 3 without the device mounted thereon.
And S4, adjusting and optimizing parameters of the reaming device based on the stratum maximum slippage.
In this example, the reamer can grind 1.25mm of borehole wall rock per day, which is greater than the actual daily formation slip of 0.19mm/d from the field investigation. By installing the casing 3 of the external hole marker, the casing 3 is not damaged due to shearing of stratum rock when stratum slip amount accumulation reaches 104.13mm compared with the casing 3 without the device.
In one embodiment, determining the rationality of the reamer design based on the maximum torque, the historical actual torque of the reamer comprises:
comparing the historical actual torque with the maximum torque to obtain a comparison result;
if the comparison result is that the historical actual torque is smaller than the maximum torque, the eye marker can be normally used and is in a bearing range;
if the comparison result is that the historical actual torque is equal to the maximum torque, the rowing machine is bearing a load exceeding the design capacity of the rowing machine, and damage or failure of the rowing machine can be caused;
if the comparison result is that the actual torque is equal to the maximum torque, the eye marker approaches its limit use capability.
In this embodiment, by comparing the actual torque of the history with the maximum torque, the rationality of the design of the eye marker can be determined, and whether the eye marker can be used normally or not can be determined, and whether further design optimization or replacement of the device is required to ensure safe and effective use.
In one embodiment, performing a rock breaking capacity analysis on the reamer to determine the rationality of the reamer design comprises:
acquiring the force born by the PDC teeth 2 inlaid on the outer wall of the reaming tool in the rock breaking process and the broken rock fracture cross-sectional area;
acquiring actual rock breaking specific work based on the force applied by the PDC tooth 2 in the rock breaking process and the broken rock fracture cross-sectional area;
and judging the rationality of the design of the reaming device based on the actual rock breaking specific work and the preset rock breaking specific work.
In this embodiment, the preset rock breaking specific work is determined according to design requirements or characteristics of the rock breaking tool used. The actual rock breaking specific work is compared with the preset rock breaking specific work, and if the actual rock breaking specific work is smaller than or close to the preset rock breaking specific work, the design of the eye marker is reasonable. Through carrying out the analysis of rock breaking capacity, whether the design of the eye marker meets the requirements can be evaluated, so that the eye marker can effectively carry out rock breaking operation and meet the actual engineering requirements.
In particular, the PDC cutter is subjected to forces during breaking of rock which are split into tangential forces F h Axial force F n Tooth surface normal force F f Wherein F h F is opposite to cutting speed n And F is equal to h Directions are mutually perpendicular, F f And F is equal to n The included angle of (2) is alpha. When a single cutting tooth cuts at a constant speed, the stress is as shown in fig. 3, and d is the cutting distance in fig. 3; h is the depth of cut; alpha is the back rake angle.
The positive pressure of the reaming device in the process of grinding and shearing the surrounding rock of the well wall is derived from the sliding force of the stratum at the two sides of the sliding surface. The sliding force gradually pushes the reamer into the formation, resulting in positive pressure. In order to study the maximum bearing condition of the hole-rowing machine when grinding the well wall, COMSOL 5.6 finite element software is adopted to carry out simulation calculation, and the relation between the depth of penetration of the PDC sheet of the hole-rowing machine into the stratum and the positive pressure is explored. The stress field distribution of the surrounding rock of the well wall is obtained through software calculation, and is shown in figure 3. Notably, the strength of the cutter PDC teeth 2 is greater than the strength of the formation when in contact with the device in a slow slip condition. Under the condition of low-speed rotation in the design, the eye marker can achieve the purpose of grinding the rock.
As can be seen from FIG. 3, F n The axial force is the resistance F of the reaming tool w The back rake angle α takes 30 °, according to the formula: f (F) h ＝F w cos30 ° tangential force F h 3464.1N;
the rock fracture cross-sectional area S is the area of the cutting tooth. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the axial force positive pressure is 2013N, and the penetration depth of the stratum by the PDC sheet of the hole marker is 1.3X10 under the condition that the contact length L2.3 m of the well wall and the hole marker is 2.3m -5 mm, compare in slow stratum volume of sliding, this reaming ware can reach the effect of grinding rock, avoids the cover to damage.
The PDC tooth 2 selected for the reaming tool is phi 13.44mm x 13mm, and according to the formula S=pi (phi/2)/(2*L), the contact area S of the reaming tool is 1.05m 2 . Calculating rock breaking specific work P according to formula MSE ：
Obtaining rock breaking specific work P MSE 3299.1J.
According to the field statistics of the standard layer sleeve damage of Daqing oilfield, the sliding speed of the sleeve 3 with the fastest damage is 35.32mm in 6 months. The revolving speed of the reaming tool designed in the method is 1.4r/min, the revolving speed is 2016 turns, the maximum bearing capacity is 1.25mm of well wall rock slip, and the actual slip quantity is 0.19mm/d larger than the actual slip quantity of the stratum every day.
Example III
The invention also provides electronic equipment. In one electronic device embodiment according to the present invention, the electronic device includes a processor and a storage device, the storage device may be configured to store a program for executing the design method of the hole marker of the above-described method embodiment, and the processor may be configured to execute the program in the storage device, including, but not limited to, the program for executing the design method of the hole marker of the above-described method embodiment. For convenience of explanation, only those portions of the embodiments of the present invention that are relevant to the embodiments of the present invention are shown, and specific technical details are not disclosed, please refer to the method portions of the embodiments of the present invention. The control device may be a control device formed of various electronic devices.
Example IV
The invention also provides a computer readable storage medium. In one embodiment of the computer-readable storage medium according to the present invention, the computer-readable storage medium may be configured to store a program for executing the design method of the above-described method embodiment, which may be loaded and executed by a processor to implement the design method of the above-described hole marker. For convenience of explanation, only those portions of the embodiments of the present invention that are relevant to the embodiments of the present invention are shown, and specific technical details are not disclosed, please refer to the method portions of the embodiments of the present invention. The computer readable storage medium may be a storage device including various electronic devices, and optionally, the computer readable storage medium in the embodiments of the present invention is a non-transitory computer readable storage medium.
Thus far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent modifications and substitutions for original technical features may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and substitutions will be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A reaming device mounted outside a cannula, comprising: the device comprises a driving system, a speed reducing system and a reaming tool, wherein the driving system at least comprises a micro-motor unit, the micro-motor unit is used for driving the reaming tool, the speed reducing system comprises a plurality of speed reducing gears, the speed reducing gears wind a circle of a sleeve, the upper part of the reaming tool is provided with gear teeth which encircle the sleeve, the gear teeth are meshed with an upper-level speed reducing gear, and the reaming tool is connected with the sleeve through balls.
2. The reaming device of claim 1, wherein the rated power of the motors in the miniature motor sets is greater than a required motor power, the required motor power being based on the power required by the reaming tool, the overall efficiency of the reaming tool.
3. The device of claim 2, wherein the power required by the reaming tool is calculated based on a resistance of the reaming tool, a linear speed of the reaming tool, and an efficiency of the reaming tool.
4. The device of claim 2, wherein the nominal rotational speed of the reduction gear is stepped down.
5. A reaming device according to claim 3, wherein the outer wall of the reaming tool is provided with PDC teeth for abrasive breaking of borehole wall rock adjacent the casing due to formation slippage.
6. A method of designing an eye marker, comprising:
based on the use requirement, designing the structure and parameters of the eye marker, wherein the eye marker comprises a driving system, a speed reduction system and an eye marker, and the parameters comprise the rated power and the rated rotating speed of the speed reduction system and the power required by the eye marker;
obtaining the maximum torque and the actual torque of the eye marker, and analyzing and judging the rationality of the design of the eye marker based on the maximum torque and the actual torque of the eye marker and/or the rock breaking capacity of the eye marker;
acquiring the relation between the stratum slippage and the borehole contact area, and acquiring the maximum contact area of a working surface of a reaming tool using the reaming device and the borehole and the maximum stratum slippage based on the maximum torque of the reaming device;
and adjusting and optimizing parameters of the rowing machine based on the stratum maximum slippage.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein determining the rationality of the reamer design based on the maximum torque of the reamer, the historical actual torque comprises:
comparing the historical actual torque with the maximum torque to obtain a comparison result;
if the comparison result is that the historical actual torque is smaller than the maximum torque, the eye marker can be normally used and is in a bearing range;
if the comparison result is that the historical actual torque is equal to the maximum torque, the rowing machine is bearing a load exceeding the design capacity of the rowing machine, and damage or failure of the rowing machine can be caused;
if the comparison result is that the actual torque is equal to the maximum torque, the eye marker approaches its limit use capability.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein determining rationality of the reamer design by performing a rock breaking capacity analysis of the reamer comprises:
acquiring the force born by the PDC teeth inlaid on the outer wall of the reaming tool in the rock breaking process and the broken rock fracture cross-sectional area;
acquiring actual rock breaking specific work based on the force born by the PDC teeth in the rock breaking process and the broken rock fracture cross-sectional area;
and judging the rationality of the design of the reaming device based on the actual rock breaking specific work and the preset rock breaking specific work.
9. An electronic device comprising a processor and a storage means, the storage means being adapted to store a plurality of program codes, characterized in that the program codes are adapted to be loaded and executed by the processor to perform the design method of the eye marker according to any one of claims 6 to 8.
10. A computer readable storage medium having stored therein a plurality of program codes, wherein the program codes are adapted to be loaded and executed by a processor to perform the design method of the hole marker according to any one of claims 6 to 8.
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