CN117352219A - Fireproof cable and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Fireproof cable and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117352219A CN117352219A CN202311411057.6A CN202311411057A CN117352219A CN 117352219 A CN117352219 A CN 117352219A CN 202311411057 A CN202311411057 A CN 202311411057A CN 117352219 A CN117352219 A CN 117352219A
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical class [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229960001545 hydrotalcite Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910001701 hydrotalcite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 241000276425 Xiphophorus maculatus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 30
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004965 Silica aerogel Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003828 vacuum filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 29
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 74
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 29
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 25
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 25
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 22
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 7
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FCZCIXQGZOUIDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-diethoxyphosphinothioyloxyacetate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)COP(=S)(OCC)OCC FCZCIXQGZOUIDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical class O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010413 mother solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/06—Insulating conductors or cables
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/22—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/02—Disposition of insulation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
- H01B7/295—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to flame
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/14—Extreme weather resilient electric power supply systems, e.g. strengthening power lines or underground power cables
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of cable materials, and particularly discloses a fireproof cable and a preparation method thereof. The fireproof cable comprises a cable core, an insulating layer and a fireproof layer, wherein the insulating layer is positioned between the cable core and the fireproof layer, and the fireproof layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of heat-resistant polystyrene, 30-40 parts of organic modified magnesium hydroxide, 5-8 parts of platy hydrotalcite and 0.3-0.5 part of zirconia. The utility model provides a fireproof cable uses heat-resisting polystyrene and organic modified magnesium hydroxide to increase the item in coordination, can prevent the phenomenon of cable conductor burning, reduces the combustion heat simultaneously and transmits to inside cable core in, the fireproof effect of reinforcing cable conductor, reduces the damage degree of combustion heat to the cable conductor.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of cable materials, in particular to a fireproof cable and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Cables are devices for the transmission of electrical energy or signals, made of one or more insulated conductors with an insulating protective layer applied thereto, and play an important role in various industries.
The cable is mainly laid outdoors, the cable is in a severe environment for a long time, the performance of the insulating protection layer is single, and the fireproof requirement cannot be met. The insulating protection materials such as oil, asphalt and the like in the market at present belong to combustible organic matters, and when a fire disaster occurs in a cable using place, the insulating protection materials cannot self-extinguish and can prolong the burning time, so that the insulating protection materials have serious fire hazard.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the fireproof performance of the cable material, the application provides a fireproof cable and a preparation method thereof
In a first aspect, the present application provides a fireproof cable, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the fireproof cable comprises a cable core, an insulating layer and a fireproof layer, wherein the insulating layer is positioned between the cable core and the fireproof layer, and the fireproof layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of heat-resistant polystyrene, 30-40 parts of organic modified magnesium hydroxide, 5-8 parts of platy hydrotalcite and 0.3-0.5 part of zirconia.
By adopting the technical scheme, the heat-resistant polystyrene has higher heat insulation and insulativity, the magnesium hydroxide has higher flame retardant effect, and the organically modified magnesium hydroxide can improve the compatibility of the magnesium hydroxide in a fireproof layer system. The heat-resistant polystyrene and the organic modified magnesium hydroxide are compounded, so that the burning can be prevented on the surface of the cable, the heat transfer to the cable core inside is restrained, the damage of excessive heat to the cable core is reduced, and the fireproof and flame-retardant effects of the cable are improved. The size structure of the hydrotalcite is larger, heat and substance transfer can be effectively blocked, and the thermal stability of the cable fireproof layer is enhanced, so that the fireproof flame-retardant effect of the cable fireproof layer is enhanced. Meanwhile, the hydrotalcite can also improve the carbon residue of the fireproof layer, can synergistically increase the effect with magnesium hydroxide, and can form a compact and continuous carbon layer, thereby effectively blocking heat and smoke and further improving the fireproof effect of the cable. The zirconia has the characteristic of high melting point, and can improve the heat resistance and flame retardance of the fireproof layer.
Preferably, the organically modified magnesium hydroxide comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of magnesium chloride, 20-35 parts of ammonia water, 1-3 parts of paraffin and 0.8-1.5 parts of kerosene.
By adopting the technical scheme, magnesium chloride and ammonia water are used for reaction to generate the magnesium hydroxide flame retardant, paraffin and kerosene are used as oil phase media, a small amount of the oil phase media can be adsorbed on the surface of magnesium hydroxide, and the polarity of the surface of magnesium hydroxide is reduced, so that the organic dispersibility of the magnesium hydroxide is improved, and the magnesium hydroxide flame retardant is promoted to be better compatible in a fireproof layer system.
Preferably, the heat-resistant polystyrene is formed by high-temperature polymerization of styrene and divinylbenzene, and the mass ratio of the styrene to the divinylbenzene is (15-20): 1.
by adopting the technical scheme, the divinylbenzene has a plurality of vinyl double bonds, and the redundant vinyl double bonds on the benzene ring can form macromolecular free radicals during high-temperature polymerization, so that polymerization crosslinking is further generated, the crosslinking density of the polystyrene is improved, the heat-resistant temperature of the polystyrene is improved, and the heat-resistant and flame-retardant effects of the fireproof layer are further improved.
Preferably, styrene, divinylbenzene and an initiator are mixed in advance, then the mixture is added into a hot solvent for heating polymerization, the temperature is continuously raised for heat treatment after a period of reaction, the temperature is reduced after the reaction is finished, and vacuum filtration is carried out to prepare the heat-resistant polystyrene.
By adopting the technical scheme, after the polymerization reaction of the styrene and the divinylbenzene, the product is further subjected to heat treatment, so that the crosslinking strength of the surface of the polystyrene is improved, and intermolecular crosslinking can inhibit the movement of polystyrene molecular chains, thereby improving the heat resistance of the polystyrene.
Preferably, the insulating layer comprises the following specific steps: 70-80 parts of phenolic epoxy resin, 10-15 parts of glass fiber, 20-30 parts of nano-scale magnesium oxide and 5-8 parts of silica aerogel.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, phenolic epoxy has stronger high temperature resistance, can be better combine together with cable core, flame retardant coating to improve fireproof cable's heat stability and flame retardant efficiency. The glass fiber can improve the strength of the insulating layer, promote the insulating layer to be firmly combined on the surface of the cable core, and reduce the falling-off phenomenon of the insulating layer. The nanoscale magnesia and silica aerogel utilize a uniform and compact nanopore microstructure in the structure, so that air convection can be effectively prevented, heat radiation and heat conduction are reduced, and the heat insulation effect of the insulating layer is improved.
Preferably, the silica aerogel has a particle size of 10-20 μm.
By adopting the technical scheme, the size of the silica aerogel is controlled within a reasonable range, so that the dispersibility in an insulating heat insulation layer system can be improved, and the agglomeration among silica aerogel particles is reduced.
Preferably, phenolic epoxy resin, nano magnesium oxide and silicon dioxide are mixed and stirred in advance to form an insulating and heat-insulating layer composite, and then the composite is coated on the surface of a cable core, heated and dried to form an insulating and heat-insulating layer.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the insulating and heat-insulating layer of preparation has better insulating and heat-insulating effect, can reduce the heat to the transmission of inside cable core, improves fire-retardant, the fire prevention effect of cable.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for manufacturing a fireproof cable, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the preparation method of the fireproof cable comprises the following specific steps:
mixing and melting heat-resistant polystyrene, organically modified magnesium hydroxide, silicon dioxide and zirconia in advance to form a fireproof layer composite material; and combining the insulating layer with the cable core, extruding the fireproof layer comprehensive material outside the insulating layer, and forming the fireproof layer to obtain the fireproof cable.
Preferably, the melting temperature is 240-250 ℃.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the fireproof cable of preparation can have excellent fire prevention, fire-retardant and thermal-insulated effect under the synergism of each component, strengthens the fire prevention flame retardant effect on cable surface, and inside combination insulating thermal-insulated layer reduces thermal transfer simultaneously, strengthens the thermal stability and the flame retardant effect of cable.
Preferably, the preparation method of the organic modified silicon hydroxide comprises the following specific steps: mixing magnesium chloride and ammonia water with water respectively to form magnesium chloride solution and ammonia water solution, mixing paraffin and kerosene to form oily mixed solution, then respectively dripping the oily mixed solution into the magnesium chloride solution and the ammonia water solution, mixing and stirring, heating and reacting by using ultrasonic waves, taking mother liquor after ageing, centrifuging, and drying to obtain the organic modified magnesium hydroxide.
By adopting the technical scheme, the cavitation effect of the ultrasonic waves can form high-speed jet flow on the surface of the magnesium hydroxide, so that paraffin and kerosene in the oily mixed solution are caused to be sputtered on the surface of magnesium hydroxide particles, an oily medium and the magnesium hydroxide are caused to generate a certain adsorption effect, and the compatibility of the magnesium hydroxide with an organic phase in a fireproof layer system is improved.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. because this application adopts and uses heat-resisting polystyrene and organic modified magnesium hydroxide to combine together, can prevent the burning further going on, in reducing the heat transfer to inside cable core simultaneously, play thermal-insulated effect of fire prevention, the fireproof effect of reinforcing cable line. The flaky hydrotalcite and the zirconia are combined to synergistically improve the flame retardant property and the fireproof effect of the fireproof layer.
2. The high temperature resistance and the heat insulation performance of the phenolic epoxy resin are utilized, heat is reduced to be transferred to the cable core inside, the strength of the insulating heat insulation energy is improved by using glass fibers, and the insulating heat insulation layer is enabled to be stably and firmly combined on the surface of the cable core, so that the flame retardant and fireproof effects of the cable are improved. Simultaneously, the nano-scale magnesium oxide and the silicon dioxide aerogel are used for reducing heat radiation and heat conduction by utilizing a nano-pore microstructure, so that the heat insulation effect of the insulating layer is improved.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to examples.
The 638S type phenolic epoxy resin was used.
Preparation example of organically modified magnesium hydroxide
Preparation example 1
The organic modified magnesium hydroxide comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15kg of magnesium chloride, 26kg of ammonia water, 2kg of paraffin and 1.3kg of kerosene.
The preparation method of the organic modified silicon hydroxide comprises the following specific steps:
s1: mixing magnesium chloride and ammonia water with water respectively to form a magnesium chloride solution with the concentration of 2mol/L and an ammonia water solution with the concentration of 4mol/L, mixing paraffin and kerosene, stirring at the speed of 350r/min for 5min to form an oily mixed solution, then respectively dripping the oily mixed solution into the magnesium chloride solution and the ammonia water solution, mixing, continuing stirring, simultaneously using ultrasonic waves with the ultrasonic power of 400W for 5min, and ending the reaction to form the magnesium hydroxide mixed solution.
S2: aging the magnesium hydroxide mixed solution for 20min by using 400W ultrasonic waves, stirring the magnesium hydroxide mixed solution at the speed of 400r/min, centrifuging the mother solution to obtain a product, and washing and drying to obtain the organic modified magnesium hydroxide.
Preparation example 2
The difference between preparation example 2 and preparation example 1 is that the amount of magnesium chloride used in the organomodified magnesium hydroxide raw material was 10kg, the amount of ammonia water used was 20kg, the amount of paraffin wax used was 3kg, and the amount of kerosene used was 1.5kg.
Preparation example 3
Preparation example 3 differs from preparation example 1 in that the amount of magnesium chloride used in the organomodified magnesium hydroxide raw material was 20kg, the amount of ammonia water used was 35kg, the amount of paraffin wax used was 1kg, and the amount of kerosene used was 0.8kg.
Preparation example 4
Preparation example 4 differs from preparation example 1 in that no paraffin wax was used in the organically modified magnesium hydroxide raw material.
Preparation example of Heat-resistant polystyrene
Preparation example 5
The heat-resistant polystyrene comprises styrene, divinylbenzene and an initiator, wherein the mass ratio of the styrene to the divinylbenzene is 18:1, the mass of the styrene is 18kg in the preparation example, the initiator is benzoyl peroxide,
the preparation method of the heat-resistant polystyrene comprises the following specific steps:
mixing water and polyvinyl alcohol, wherein the mass ratio of the water to the polyvinyl alcohol is 50:1, stirring and heating to 40 ℃ to form a hot solvent, then mixing styrene, divinylbenzene and an initiator, adding the hot solvent, heating to 85 ℃, reacting for 1.5 hours, continuously heating to 95 ℃ for reacting for 1 hour, cooling to room temperature, and vacuum filtering to obtain the heat-resistant polystyrene.
Preparation example 6
Preparation example 6 differs from preparation example 5 in that the mass ratio of styrene to divinylbenzene in the heat-resistant polystyrene material was 15:1.
Preparation example 7
Preparation example 7 differs from preparation example 5 in that the mass ratio of styrene to divinylbenzene in the heat-resistant polystyrene material was 20:1.
Preparation example 8
Preparation example 8 differs from preparation example 5 in that divinylbenzene in the heat-resistant polystyrene material was replaced with an equal amount of styrene.
Preparation example of insulating layer
Preparation example 9
The insulating layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 75kg of phenolic epoxy resin, 13kg of glass fiber, 25kg of nano-scale magnesium oxide and 7kg of silica aerogel. Wherein the average particle size of the silica aerogel is 10 mu m, and the average particle size of the nano-scale magnesium oxide is 30nm.
The preparation method of the insulating layer comprises the following specific steps:
mixing phenolic epoxy resin, glass fiber, nano-scale magnesium oxide and silicon dioxide aerogel, dissolving in acetone, wherein the mass ratio of the acetone to the phenolic epoxy resin is 2:1, and forming an insulating and heat-insulating layer composite material;
and then coating the insulating and heat-insulating layer composite material on the outer surface of the cable core, and drying for 10min at 150 ℃ to form the insulating and heat-insulating layer with the average thickness of 4.5 mm.
Preparation example 10
Preparation example 10 differs from preparation example 9 in that the amount of phenolic epoxy resin used in the insulating layer raw material was 70kg, the amount of glass fiber used was 15kg, the amount of nano-scale magnesium oxide used was 20kg, and the amount of silica aerogel used was 8kg.
PREPARATION EXAMPLE 11
Preparation 11 differs from preparation 9 in that the amount of phenolic epoxy resin used in the insulating layer raw material is 80kg, glass fiber 10kg, nano-scale magnesium oxide 30kg, silica aerogel 5kg.
Preparation example 12
Preparation example 12 differs from preparation example 9 in that glass fibers are not used in the insulating layer raw material.
Preparation example 13
Preparation example 13 differs from preparation example 9 in that nano-scale magnesium oxide is not used as a raw material for the insulating layer.
PREPARATION EXAMPLE 14
Preparation example 14 differs from preparation example 9 in that nano-scale magnesia and silica aerogel are not used in the insulating layer raw material.
Examples
Example 1
This embodiment provides a fireproof cable, including cable core, insulating layer and flame retardant coating, cable core and insulating layer derive from preparation example 9, and the flame retardant coating includes the raw materials of following parts by weight: 75kg of heat-resistant polystyrene, 35kg of organic modified magnesium hydroxide, 7kg of platy hydrotalcite and 0.4kg of zirconia, wherein the heat-resistant polystyrene is derived from preparation example 5, the organic modified magnesium hydroxide is derived from preparation example 1, the average particle size of the platy hydrotalcite is 50nm, and the specific surface area is 20m 2 The fineness of the zirconia is 0.3-0.5 mu m.
The preparation method of the fireproof cable comprises the following specific steps:
s1: mixing heat-resistant polystyrene, modified magnesium hydroxide, silicon dioxide and zirconia, and stirring and reacting for 30min at 240 ℃ to form a fireproof layer composite material;
s2: and then the fireproof layer comprehensive material is melted and extruded on the outer side of the insulating layer, and the fireproof layer with the average thickness of 2.5mm is formed by molding, so that the fireproof cable is manufactured.
Example 2
Example 2 differs from example 1 in that the amount of heat-resistant polystyrene used in the raw material of the flame-retardant layer was 70kg, the amount of organically modified magnesium hydroxide was 30kg, the amount of hydrotalcite flakes was 8kg, and the amount of zirconia was 0.3kg.
Example 3
Example 3 is different from example 1 in that the amount of heat-resistant polystyrene used in the raw material of the flame retardant layer was 80kg, the amount of organically modified magnesium hydroxide was 40kg, the amount of hydrotalcite flakes was 5kg, and the amount of zirconia was 0.5kg.
Example 4
Example 4 differs from example 1 in that the cable core and the insulating layer in the fire-resistant cable raw material are derived from preparation 10, the heat-resistant polystyrene is derived from preparation 6, and the organically modified magnesium hydroxide is derived from preparation 2.
Example 5
Example 5 differs from example 1 in that the cable core and the insulating layer in the fire-resistant cable raw material are derived from preparation 11, the heat-resistant polystyrene is derived from preparation 7, and the organically modified magnesium hydroxide is derived from preparation 3.
Example 6
Example 6 differs from example 1 in that the organically modified magnesium hydroxide in the fire-protection cable raw material is derived from preparation 4.
Example 7
Example 7 differs from example 1 in that the cable core and the insulating layer in the fire-resistant cable raw material originate from preparation 12.
Example 8
Example 8 differs from example 1 in that the cable core and the insulating layer in the fire-resistant cable raw material originate from preparation 13.
Example 9
Example 9 differs from example 1 in that the cable core and the insulating layer in the fire-resistant cable raw material originate from preparation 14.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 differs from example 1 in that no organically modified magnesium hydroxide was used in the flame retardant layer raw material.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 is different from example 1 in that conventional magnesium hydroxide having an average particle diameter of 0.4 μm is used in place of the organically modified magnesium hydroxide in the raw material of the flame retardant layer.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 differs from example 1 in that the heat-resistant polystyrene in the raw material of the fireproof cable is derived from preparation example 8.
Comparative example 4
Comparative example 4 differs from example 1 in that the raw material for the flame retardant layer does not use hydrotalcite flakes.
Comparative example 5
Comparative example 5 differs from example 1 in that no insulating layer was used in the fireproof cable material.
Performance test
According to the fireproof cables provided in examples 1 to 9 and comparative examples 1 to 5 of the present application, the following performance tests were performed, and the specific test results are shown in table 1.
Detection method
1. Fire resistance
The fire resistance of the fire-resistant cable prepared in the application was tested against the standard of IEC60332-1-2 vertical fire test of Single insulated wire, and the time at which the cable started to fire and the length of cable fire damage were recorded.
2. Oxygen index
The oxygen index of the fire-resistant cable prepared by the method is measured by referring to the standard of GB/T2406.2-2009 "oxygen index method for plastics for measuring combustion behavior".
3. Tensile strength
The tensile strength of the fire-resistant cable prepared in this application was measured with reference to the standard of GB/T2951.11-2008 "Universal Experimental method for Cable and Cable insulation and sheath Material".
Table 1: performance test data sheet
As can be seen from the performance detection results, the fireproof cable prepared by the method has better flame-retardant and fireproof effects, and in the embodiments 1-5 of the method, the use amounts of the components in the fireproof cable raw materials are different, and as can be seen from the performance detection results, the comprehensive performance of the embodiment 1 is better.
According to the method, the polarity of the surface of the magnesium hydroxide is reduced through organically modifying the magnesium hydroxide, so that the magnesium hydroxide can be better compatible in a fireproof layer system, and the fireproof and flame-retardant effects of the cable are enhanced. As can be seen from a comparison of example 6 and example 1, paraffin wax was not used in example 6, and from the performance test results, the overall performance of the cable prepared in example 6 was reduced, probably because single kerosene was easily volatilized at high temperature, thereby causing the reduction of organic matters on the surface of magnesium hydroxide, thereby affecting the compatibility of magnesium hydroxide in the flame retardant layer system. As is clear from a comparison of comparative examples 1 and 2 with example 1, comparative example 1 does not use organically modified magnesium hydroxide, comparative example 2 uses conventional magnesium hydroxide instead of organically modified magnesium hydroxide, and from the results of performance test, the combination properties of the fireproof cables prepared in comparative examples 1 and 2 are lowered. Further, the application can enhance the dispersibility and compatibility of the magnesium hydroxide in a fireproof layer system by modifying the magnesium hydroxide by using the organic substances, so that the fireproof and flame-retardant effects of the cable are improved.
In examples 7 to 9, the insulating layer raw material used in example 7 was not glass fiber, the nano-sized magnesia was not used in example 8, the nano-sized magnesia and silica aerogel were not used in example 9, and as a result of the performance test, the overall performance of the cable was lowered. Further proved, the insulating layer can promote the insulating layer to have higher high temperature resistant effect through the synergistic effect of each component, and the combustion damage degree of the cable line is reduced. The absence of the nano-sized magnesia and silica aerogel in example 9 reduces the fire protection effect of the cable on the one hand, and also reduces the tensile strength of the cable on the other hand. Further illustrates that the nano-scale magnesium oxide and the silicon dioxide aerogel not only can improve the heat insulation, fire resistance and flame retardance of the insulating layer, but also can obviously improve the strength of the cable. In comparative example 5, the insulation layer is not used, and the performance detection result shows that the combustion damage degree of the cable is obviously improved, the tensile strength is reduced, and further, the cable core is subjected to double-layer protection by compounding the insulation layer and the fireproof layer, so that the fireproof and flame-retardant effects of the cable are further enhanced.
As is clear from a comparison of comparative example 3 and example 1, the polystyrene used in comparative example 3 is a conventional polystyrene, and the cable prepared in comparative example 3 has a high degree of damage after burning. Further, the heat-resistant polystyrene formed by polymerizing styrene and divinylbenzene can improve the heat-resistant temperature of the polystyrene, so that the fireproof effect of the fireproof layer is enhanced.
As is clear from a comparison between comparative example 4 and example 1, the comparative example 4 does not use hydrotalcite flakes, and the performance test results show that the fire-retardant and flame-retardant effects of the cable line are also reduced. Further illustrates that the flaky hydrotalcite can be synergistically enhanced with magnesium hydroxide to form a continuous and compact carbon layer, so that the fireproof and flame-retardant effects of the cable are enhanced.
The present embodiment is merely illustrative of the present application and is not intended to be limiting, and those skilled in the art, after having read the present specification, may make modifications to the present embodiment without creative contribution as required, but is protected by patent laws within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The fireproof cable is characterized by comprising a cable core, an insulating layer and a fireproof layer, wherein the insulating layer is positioned between the cable core and the fireproof layer, and the fireproof layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of heat-resistant polystyrene, 30-40 parts of organic modified magnesium hydroxide, 5-8 parts of platy hydrotalcite and 0.3-0.5 part of zirconia.
2. The fire resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: the organic modified magnesium hydroxide comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of magnesium chloride, 20-35 parts of ammonia water, 1-3 parts of paraffin and 0.8-1.5 parts of kerosene.
3. The fire resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat-resistant polystyrene is polymerized by styrene and divinylbenzene, and the mass ratio of the styrene to the divinylbenzene is (15-20): 1.
4. a fire resistant cable according to claim 3, characterized in that: the preparation method of the heat-resistant polystyrene comprises the following specific steps:
styrene, divinylbenzene and an initiator are mixed in advance and then added into a hot solvent to form a polymerization solution, then the polymerization solution is continuously heated for reaction, and after the reaction is finished, the temperature is reduced and the vacuum filtration is carried out to prepare the heat-resistant polystyrene.
5. The fire resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: the insulating layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-80 parts of phenolic epoxy resin, 10-15 parts of glass fiber, 20-30 parts of nano-scale magnesium oxide and 5-8 parts of silica aerogel.
6. The fire resistant cable according to claim 5, characterized in that: the particle size of the silica aerogel is 10-20 mu m.
7. The fire resistant cable according to claim 5, characterized in that: mixing and stirring phenolic epoxy resin, nano magnesium oxide and silicon dioxide in advance to form an insulating and heat-insulating layer composite material, coating the composite material on the surface of a cable core, and drying to form an insulating and heat-insulating layer.
8. A method of making a fire-resistant cable according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:
mixing and melting heat-resistant polystyrene, organically modified magnesium hydroxide, silicon dioxide and zirconia in advance to form a fireproof layer composite material;
and combining the insulating layer with the cable core, extruding the fireproof layer comprehensive material outside the insulating layer, and forming the fireproof layer to obtain the fireproof cable.
9. The method of manufacturing a fire-resistant cable according to claim 8, wherein: the melting temperature is 240-250 ℃.
10. The method of manufacturing a fire-resistant cable according to claim 8, wherein: the preparation method of the modified magnesium hydroxide comprises the following specific steps: mixing magnesium chloride and ammonia water with water respectively to form magnesium chloride solution and ammonia water solution, mixing paraffin and kerosene to form oily mixed solution, then respectively dripping the oily mixed solution into the magnesium chloride solution and the ammonia water solution, mixing and stirring, heating and reacting by using ultrasonic waves, taking mother liquor after ageing, centrifuging, and drying to obtain the organic modified magnesium hydroxide.
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| CN202311411057.6A CN117352219A (en) | 2023-10-28 | 2023-10-28 | Fireproof cable and preparation method thereof |
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