CN113292777B - Fireproof flame-retardant sheath material, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Fireproof flame-retardant sheath material, and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/06—Polyethene
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
- H01B3/441—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from alkenes
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- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2217—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of magnesium
- C08K2003/2224—Magnesium hydroxide
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- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
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- C08L2203/00—Applications
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- C08L2203/202—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in electrical wires or wirecoating
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- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
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- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
- C08L2205/16—Fibres; Fibrils
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of cables, and particularly discloses a fire-resistant flame-retardant sheath material, and a preparation method and application thereof. The fireproof flame-retardant sheath material comprises the following components: 200-300 parts of high-density polyethylene; 40-60 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer; 5-10 parts of a compatilizer; 3-8 parts of an antioxidant; 30-40 parts of nano silicon dioxide; 3-8 parts of a coupling agent; 5-10 parts of a smoke suppressant; 5-10 parts of a fire-resistant flame retardant; the preparation method of the fire-resistant fire retardant comprises the following steps: calcining hydrotalcite, adding a sodium hydroxide solution, grinding, adding a hydrochloric acid solution to adjust the pH value to 3-4, aging, adding a sodium hydroxide solution again to adjust the pH value to be neutral, filtering, and drying to obtain modified hydrotalcite powder; mixing and grinding the modified hydrotalcite powder, the glass fiber, the polysulfonamide fiber and the liquid paraffin, adding the silane coupling agent, and stirring and dispersing to obtain the modified hydrotalcite powder. The fireproof flame-retardant sheath material has good fireproof flame-retardant property and mechanical strength.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of cables, in particular to a fire-resistant flame-retardant sheath material, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The electric wire and the cable are important elements for transmitting energy and signals, are necessary matching conditions for realizing normal operation in various industrial fields and realizing the function of scientific technology, and are similar to blood vessels and nerves in the modern society. The cable jacket is the outermost layer of the cable and serves as the most important barrier in the cable for maintaining the safety of the internal structure, the cable being maintained against mechanical damage during and after installation. In addition, the cable sheath can also play a role in water immersion resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, ultraviolet ray resistance, high and low temperature resistance, fire resistance, flame retardance and the like.
The fire-resistant flame-retardant cable is a cable capable of keeping the integrity of a circuit and ensuring the safe and normal operation of the functions of a key emergency system under the condition of fire, is commonly used for a fire alarm system, a smoke detection system, an emergency lighting power system, a public broadcasting system and the like in buildings such as a large-scale market, a hospital, an office, a station, an airport, a civil residence and the like, and generally comprises a cable core and a fire-resistant flame-retardant sheath arranged outside the cable core. At present, the fire-resistant flame-retardant cable sheath material is divided into an organic type and an inorganic type according to main functional materials, wherein the organic type cable sheath material generally adopts flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride, flame-retardant polyethylene and other materials as the sheath material, and the inorganic type cable generally adopts mica, magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide and other materials as the sheath material.
Aiming at the related technologies, the organic fire-resistant and flame-retardant cable sheath material has poor high-temperature resistance, so that the fire-resistant and flame-retardant performance of the cable sheath material is influenced; the inorganic flame-retardant cable sheath material has the advantages that the addition amount of the inorganic flame-retardant components in the inorganic flame-retardant cable sheath material is more than 50%, and the inorganic flame-retardant cable sheath material has high flame-retardant and flame-retardant performances but poor mechanical properties. Therefore, the development of the cable sheath material which not only has higher fire-resistant and flame-retardant performance, but also has better mechanical properties has wide development prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the fire-resistant and flame-retardant performance of the sheath material, endow the cable sheath material with better mechanical strength and improve the use safety of the cable, the application provides the fire-resistant and flame-retardant sheath material, and the preparation method and the application thereof.
In a first aspect, the application provides a fire-resistant flame-retardant sheath material, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the fireproof flame-retardant sheath material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
200-300 parts of high-density polyethylene;
40-60 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer;
5-10 parts of a compatilizer;
3-8 parts of an antioxidant;
30-40 parts of nano silicon dioxide;
3-8 parts of a coupling agent;
5-10 parts of a smoke suppressant;
3-8 parts of a lubricant;
5-10 parts of a fire-resistant flame retardant;
the preparation method of the fire-resistant flame retardant comprises the following steps:
calcining hydrotalcite, adding a sodium hydroxide solution, grinding, adding a hydrochloric acid solution to adjust the pH value to 3-4, aging, adding the sodium hydroxide solution again to adjust the pH value to be neutral after aging is finished, filtering, and drying to obtain modified hydrotalcite powder;
and b, mixing and grinding the modified hydrotalcite powder, the glass fiber, the polysulfonamide fiber and the liquid paraffin, adding a silane coupling agent, and stirring and dispersing to obtain the fire-resistant fire retardant.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the sheath material is combusted, the hydrotalcite powder firstly loses interlayer water, absorbs a large amount of heat, and then generates dehydroxylation along with the rise of temperature, releases carbon dioxide, dilutes oxygen and achieves the flame retardant effect. When the temperature is further increased, the carboxyl is completely removed, and mixed oxide of magnesium and aluminum is generated, and the mixed oxide is a good refractory material, so that the refractory performance of the sheath material is further improved. The hydrotalcite powder is modified, so that the mechanical strength of the hydrotalcite powder is improved, and meanwhile, the hydrotalcite powder has better dispersion performance in a mixed matrix.
The polysulfonamide fiber and the glass fiber have excellent electrical insulation, heat resistance and corrosion resistance, and the polysulfonamide fiber, the glass fiber and the modified hydrotalcite powder are mixed for use, so that the good synergistic promotion effect is achieved in the aspect of improving the fire resistance and flame retardance of the sheath material. The polysulfonamide fiber, the glass fiber and the modified hydrotalcite powder are mixed and ground to be in full contact, so that the modified hydrotalcite powder is fully attached to the surface of the fiber and dispersed in the sheath material matrix along with the fiber, and the mechanical property and the fire-resistant flame-retardant property of the sheath material are improved.
Preferably, the fire-resistant flame-retardant cable material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
240-280 parts of high-density polyethylene;
48-56 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer;
7-9 parts of a compatilizer;
5-7 parts of an antioxidant;
34-38 parts of nano silicon dioxide;
5-7 parts of a coupling agent;
7-9 parts of a smoke suppressant;
5-7 parts of a lubricant;
7-9 parts of a fire-resistant flame retardant.
By adopting the technical scheme, the proportion of each component of the fireproof flame-retardant sheath material is further optimized, so that the prepared fireproof flame-retardant sheath material has better fireproof flame-retardant property and mechanical strength.
Preferably, in the step b of the preparation method of the fire retardant, the weight ratio of the modified hydrotalcite powder, the glass fiber, the polysulfonamide fiber and the liquid paraffin is 1 (0.2-0.4): (0.1-0.3): (0.05-0.01).
By adopting the technical scheme, when the modified hydrotalcite powder, the glass fiber, the polysulfonamide fiber and the liquid paraffin are used according to the proportion in the preparation of the fire-resistant fire retardant, the fire-resistant fire retardant performance and the strength of the prepared sheath material can be obviously improved.
Preferably, in the step b of the preparation method of the fire-resistant flame retardant, the amount of the silane coupling agent is calculated according to the weight ratio, and the modified hydrotalcite powder and the silane coupling agent are used according to the ratio of 1 (0.02-0.05).
By adopting the technical scheme, in the preparation process of the fire-resistant flame retardant, the silane coupling agent is used for further modifying the modified hydrotalcite powder, so that the dispersibility of the modified hydrotalcite powder on the surfaces of glass fibers and polysulfonamide fibers is improved, and the modified hydrotalcite powder is fully mixed with the fibers, thereby improving the fire-resistant flame retardant property and the mechanical strength of the prepared cable sheath material.
Preferably, the smoke suppressant is prepared by mixing magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide and ammonium octamolybdate according to the weight ratio of 1 (0.8-1.2) to 0.4-0.6.
By adopting the technical scheme, the magnesium hydroxide and the aluminum hydroxide are filling type smoke suppressants, when the cable sheath burns, the magnesium hydroxide and the aluminum hydroxide are heated to release crystal water, a large amount of heat is absorbed, water vapor and carbon are further oxidized at high temperature, a carbonization layer is formed on the surface of the sheath, the smoke generation amount is reduced, the water vapor can dilute combustible gas, the burning speed is reduced, and the flame retardant effect is achieved. The ammonium octamolybdate can inhibit the formation of benzene derivatives, is compounded with magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide for use, and plays a better synergistic promotion role in smoke inhibition and flame retardance.
Preferably, the antioxidant is one or more of antioxidant 1010, antioxidant DSTOP and antioxidant 2246.
By adopting the technical scheme, the antioxidant is added to eliminate peroxide radicals generated in the oxidation reaction, reduce alkoxy radicals or hydroxyl radicals and decompose peroxides, so that the oxidation chain reaction is stopped, the oxidation reaction of the polymer can be inhibited or prolonged, the aim of preventing the polymer from being oxidized is fulfilled, the aging of the cable sheath is delayed, the service life of the cable sheath is prolonged, and meanwhile, the antioxidant is good in storage stability, convenient to store and beneficial to reducing the production cost.
Preferably, the lubricant is one or more of polyethylene wax, zinc stearate and methyl silicone oil.
By adopting the technical scheme, the lubricant is added to reduce the friction between the raw materials and the surface of the processing equipment, so that the flow resistance of the melt is reduced, the viscosity of the melt is reduced, the fluidity of the melt is improved, the adhesion between the melt and the equipment is reduced, the rheological property of the sheath material processing is improved, the surface finish of the prepared fireproof flame-retardant sheath material is improved, and the industrial production is facilitated.
In a second aspect, the application provides a preparation method of a fire-resistant flame-retardant sheath material, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a fire-resistant flame-retardant sheath material comprises the following steps:
s1, stirring and mixing high-density polyethylene and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer to obtain a mixture A;
s2, adding nano silicon dioxide and a coupling agent into the mixture A, and stirring and mixing to obtain a mixture B;
s3, adding the compatilizer, the antioxidant, the smoke suppressant, the lubricant and the fire-resistant flame retardant into the mixture B, and continuing stirring to obtain a mixture C;
and S4, melting and extruding the mixture C to obtain the fire-resistant flame-retardant sheath material.
By adopting the technical scheme, the preparation method has the advantages of simple steps, easily obtained raw materials, conveniently controlled conditions and low requirements, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production. Meanwhile, the dispersibility of the raw materials in the sheath material matrix is improved by adopting a step-by-step stirring and mixing mode, so that various performances of the sheath material are improved.
Preferably, in the step S2, the nano-silica and the coupling agent are ultrasonically stirred to obtain a premix, and then the premix is added into the mixture a and stirred to obtain a mixture B.
By adopting the technical scheme, the nano silicon dioxide is premixed, and the surface of the nano silicon dioxide is modified by the coupling agent, so that the agglomeration phenomenon of the nano silicon dioxide can be effectively reduced, and the dispersibility of the nano silicon dioxide in a remixed system is improved, so that the nano silicon dioxide can form a carbon protective layer on the surface of the sheath when the sheath material is combusted, and the fire resistance and flame retardance of the sheath material are improved.
In a third aspect, the application provides an application of the fire-resistant flame-retardant sheath material, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the application of the fire-resistant and flame-retardant sheath material in preparing the cable.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, use the fire-resistant fire-retardant sheath material of this application to prepare the cable sheath layer, not only low cost price still has better heat stability simultaneously, improves the fire-resistant flame retardant property and the intensity of cable.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. in the fire-resistant fire retardant prepared by the application, the polysulfonamide fiber, the glass fiber and the modified hydrotalcite powder are mixed for use, and the three have a synergistic effect on fire resistance and fire resistance, and meanwhile, the mechanical strength of the sheath material can be synergistically enhanced, so that the prepared sheath material has better fire resistance and strength;
2. in the application, the smoke suppressant is preferably prepared by compounding magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide and ammonium octamolybdate, the magnesium hydroxide and crystal water released by heating the aluminum hydroxide are further oxidized with carbon at high temperature to form a carbonized layer, and the ammonium octamolybdate can suppress the formation of benzene derivatives, so that the generation of dense smoke is greatly reduced, the magnesium hydroxide, the aluminum hydroxide and the ammonium octamolybdate have a good synergistic promotion effect on smoke suppression, and the generation of smoke during combustion of the sheathing material is greatly reduced;
3. according to the method, the nano silicon dioxide and the coupling agent are premixed through ultrasonic stirring, the agglomeration phenomenon of the nano silicon dioxide is effectively reduced, and the nano silicon dioxide is uniformly dispersed in a sheath material system, so that the fire resistance and the flame retardance of the sheath material are improved.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
The starting materials used in the examples of the present application are commercially available, except as specifically noted below:
high density polyethylene was collected from shanghai juanzie biotechnology limited, CAS No.: 9002-88-4;
ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers were obtained from shanghai-derived phyllo biotechnology limited, CAS No.: 24937-78-8;
nanosilica was collected from shanghai yan chemical technology limited, CAS No.: 7631-86-9;
hydrotalcite was collected from Tianjin Xiencsi Biotechnology Ltd, CAS number: 12304-65-3;
glass fibers were obtained from Shanghai Michelin Biochemical technology, inc., CAS number: 65997-17-3;
the polysulfonamide fibers are obtained from Shanghai textile (group) Co., ltd, and have the specification of 1.5D and the length of 38mm;
liquid paraffin was collected from Shanghai-derived leaf Biotech Co., ltd, CAS No.: 8042-47-5;
the silane coupling agent KH-560 is obtained from Shanghai Allantin Biotechnology, inc., CAS number: 2530-83-8;
ammonium octamolybdate was collected from Hubei Nonakojic, inc., CAS number: 12411-64-2;
magnesium hydroxide was obtained from shanghai science and technology ltd, heipeng, CAS number: 1909-42-8;
aluminum hydroxide was obtained from Shanghai-derived leaf Biotech, inc., CAS number: 21645-51-2;
antioxidant 1076 was obtained from shanghai alading biochem technologies, inc, CAS No.: 2082-79-3;
antioxidant 1010 was obtained from Guanao Biotech limited, hubei, CAS number: 6683-19-8;
antioxidant DSTOP was collected from Guanao Biotech limited, hubei, CAS number: 693-36-7;
the antioxidant 2246 is obtained from the chemical company Kaitai, inc. in Tianjin, CAS number: 119-47-1;
polyethylene wax was collected from shanghai alading biochemical science & technology limited, CAS number: 1314-13-2;
zinc stearate was taken from sigma aldrich (shanghai) trade ltd, CAS No.: 557-05-1;
the methyl silicone oil is obtained from Shanghai leaf Biotech Co., ltd, CAS number of 9016-00-6;
the silane coupling agent A-172 is obtained from Guangzhou City on-duty chemical technology, CAS number: 1067-53-4;
maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene was obtained from shanghai alading biochemistry science and technology, inc, CAS number: 9006-26-2.
The double-screw extruder is obtained from Nanjing Meiya rubber and plastic machinery manufacturing company Limited, and has the model number: MYSJ-36;
the extruder is obtained from Huayixing mechanical science and technology Limited company in Dongguan city, and has the model number: 50.
preparation examples
Preparation example 1
A fire-resistant flame retardant is prepared by the following steps:
calcining 100kg of hydrotalcite at 200 ℃ for 4h, adding 4kg of sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 30%, grinding for 3h, adding hydrochloric acid solution with the mass concentration of 30% to adjust the pH value to 3-4 after grinding, aging for 12h, adding sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 30% again to adjust the pH value to be neutral after aging, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve, and drying at 80 ℃ for 5h to obtain modified hydrotalcite;
and b, mixing and grinding the modified hydrotalcite powder, the glass fiber, the polysulfonamide fiber and the liquid paraffin for 3 hours according to the component proportion in the table 1, adding a silane coupling agent (KH-560), and stirring and dispersing at the rotating speed of 4000r/min for 2 hours to obtain the fire-resistant flame retardant.
Preparation examples 2 to 9
A flame retardant, which is different from preparation example 1 in that each component in step b and the corresponding weight thereof are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Components and their weights (kg) in step b of preparation examples 1-9
Examples
Example 1
The fire-resistant flame-retardant sheath material comprises the following components in parts by weight shown in Table 2, and is prepared by the following steps:
s1, stirring and mixing high-density polyethylene and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer for 17.5min at 110 ℃ at 500r/min to obtain a mixture A;
s2, adding nano silicon dioxide and a coupling agent into the mixture A, and continuously stirring and mixing for 20min at the temperature of 110 ℃ and at the speed of 500r/min to obtain a mixture B;
s3, adding the compatilizer, the antioxidant, the smoke suppressant and the fire retardant into the mixture B, heating to 140 ℃, and continuously stirring for 25min under the condition of 700r/min to obtain a mixture C;
and S4, melting, extruding and granulating the mixture C by using a double-screw extruder to obtain the fireproof flame-retardant sheath material, wherein the temperature of each area of the double-screw extruder is 160-190 ℃, and the rotating speed of screws is 200r/min.
Wherein the coupling agent is silane coupling agent A-172;
the compatilizer adopts maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene;
the antioxidant adopts antioxidant 1076;
the smoke suppressant adopts magnesium hydroxide;
the lubricant is liquid paraffin;
a flame retardant for fire resistance was obtained in preparation example 1.
Examples 2 to 6
A flame-retardant, flame-retardant sheathing compound was different from example 1 in that the components and their respective weights are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 Components and their weights (kg) in examples 1-6
Examples 7 to 14
A fire-resistant flame-retardant sheath material, which is different from the material in example 4 in that the fire-resistant flame retardant is used in different conditions in the preparation process of the fire-resistant flame-retardant sheath material, and the specific correspondence relationship is shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 COMPARATIVE TABLE FOR THE USE OF FIRE-RETARDANT AGENTS IN EXAMPLES 7-14
| Group of | Recycled aggregate |
| Example 7 | Prepared from preparation example 2 |
| Example 8 | Prepared from preparation example 3 |
| Example 9 | Prepared from preparation example 4 |
| Example 10 | Prepared from preparation example 5 |
| Example 11 | Prepared from preparation example 6 |
| Example 12 | Prepared from preparation example 7 |
| Example 13 | Prepared from preparation example 8 |
| Example 14 | Prepared from preparation example 9 |
Examples 15 to 19
A flame-retardant, flame-retardant sheathing compound, which is different from example 12 in that the components and their respective weights are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 Components and their weights (kg) in examples 12, 15-19
Examples 20 to 25
A flame-retardant, flame-retardant sheathing compound, which was different from example 17 in that the components and the respective weights thereof were as shown in table 5.
TABLE 5 Components and weights (kg) of examples 17, 20-25
Example 26
The difference between the refractory flame-retardant sheath material and the embodiment 1 is that the refractory flame-retardant sheath material is prepared by the following steps:
s1, stirring and mixing high-density polyethylene and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer for 15min at 100 ℃ at 400r/min to obtain a mixture A;
s2, adding nano silicon dioxide and a coupling agent into the mixture A, and continuously stirring and mixing for 15min at the temperature of 100 ℃ and at the speed of 400r/min to obtain a mixture B;
s3, adding the compatilizer, the antioxidant, the smoke suppressant and the fire retardant into the mixture B, heating to 130 ℃, and continuously stirring for 20min under the condition of 600r/min to obtain a mixture C;
and S4, melting, extruding and granulating the mixture C by using a double-screw extruder to obtain the fireproof flame-retardant sheath material, wherein the temperature of each area of the double-screw extruder is 150-180 ℃, and the rotating speed of screws is 150r/min.
Example 27
A fire-resistant flame-retardant sheathing compound, which is different from example 1 in that the fire-resistant flame-retardant sheathing compound is prepared by the following steps:
s1, stirring and mixing high-density polyethylene and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer for 20min at the temperature of 120 ℃ and at the speed of 600r/min to obtain a mixture A;
s2, adding nano silicon dioxide and a coupling agent into the mixture A, and continuously stirring and mixing for 25min at the temperature of 120 ℃ and at the speed of 600r/min to obtain a mixture B;
s3, adding the compatilizer, the antioxidant, the smoke suppressant and the fire retardant into the mixture B, heating to 150 ℃, and continuously stirring for 30min under the condition of 800r/min to obtain a mixture C;
and S4, melting, extruding and granulating the mixture C by using a double-screw extruder to obtain the fireproof flame-retardant sheath material, wherein the temperature of each area of the double-screw extruder is 170-200 ℃, and the rotating speed of screws is 250r/min.
Example 28
A fire-resistant flame-retardant sheathing compound, which is different from example 1 in that the fire-resistant flame-retardant sheathing compound is prepared by the following steps:
s1, stirring and mixing high-density polyethylene and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer for 17.5min at 110 ℃ at 500r/min to obtain a mixture A;
s2, ultrasonically stirring the nano silicon dioxide and the coupling agent for 8min under the condition of 28kHz to obtain a premix, adding the premix into the mixture A, and continuously stirring and mixing for 20min under the conditions of 110 ℃ and 500r/min to obtain a mixture B;
s3, adding the compatilizer, the antioxidant, the smoke suppressant and the fire retardant into the mixture B, heating to 140 ℃, and continuously stirring for 25min under the condition of 700r/min to obtain a mixture C;
and S4, melting, extruding and granulating the mixture C by using a double-screw extruder to obtain the fireproof flame-retardant sheath material, wherein the temperature of each area of the double-screw extruder is 160-190 ℃, and the rotating speed of screws is 200r/min.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
A sheathing compound, which is different from example 1 in that 2.5kg of aluminum hydroxide and 2.5kg of magnesium hydroxide were used in place of the flame retardant in the preparation of the sheathing compound.
Comparative examples 2 to 5
A sheath material is different from example 1 in that in the preparation process of the flame retardant, the components and the corresponding weight in step b are shown in Table 6.
TABLE 6 Components and their weights (kg) in comparative examples 2-5 in step b
Comparative examples 6 to 11
A jacket material, which is different from example 1 in that each component and the corresponding weight thereof are shown in table 7.
TABLE 7 compositions and weights (kg) thereof in comparative examples 6-11
Application example
The utility model provides a fire-resistant flame retarded cable, by the sinle silk with establish the sheath outside the sinle silk and constitute, its preparation step is:
a, stranding copper conductors to form a wire core;
and B, extruding and molding the sheath material by using an extruder, extruding and wrapping the sheath material outside the wire core at the extrusion temperature of 180 ℃ and the extrusion pressure of 4.0MPa to obtain the fire-resistant flame-retardant cable.
Performance test
Fire-resistant flame-retardant cables were prepared using the sheathing materials prepared in examples 1 to 28 and comparative examples 1 to 11, respectively, and the prepared fire-resistant flame-retardant cables were used as samples.
Reference is made to GB/T2951.11-2008 "Universal test methods for Cable and Cable insulation and sheath materials", part 11: general test method-thickness and physical dimension measurement-method in mechanical property test, tensile strength and elongation at break of the test sample;
referring to part 2 of GB/T2406.2-2009 'determination of combustion behavior by oxygen index method for plastics': testing the oxygen index of the sample by the method specified in the room temperature test;
testing the fire-retardant rating of the sample by using a UL94-2015 flammability test;
refer to JB/T4278.16-2011 "rubber plastic wire and cable test instrument equipment verification method part 16: the smoke density of the sample was tested by the method specified in smoke density test apparatus;
the samples were subjected to high temperature treatment at 100 ℃ for 200h, see part 11 of GB/T2951.11-2008 "Universal test methods for Cable and Cable insulation and sheath materials": general test method-thickness and physical dimension measurement-method in mechanical property test, tensile strength and elongation at break of the test sample;
the test results are shown in Table 8 below.
TABLE 8 results of Performance testing
As can be seen from the data in Table 8, the cable prepared by using the sheath material prepared in the embodiment of the application to prepare the fire-resistant flame-retardant cable has good flame retardance, tensile resistance and smoke suppression performance, the flame retardance of the cable can reach V0 level, and the tensile resistance and the elongation at break of the cable are not obviously changed after the cable is treated at the high temperature of 100 ℃ for 200 hours. When the sheath material prepared by the comparative example is used for preparing the fire-resistant flame-retardant cable, all performances of the prepared fire-resistant flame-retardant cable are reduced to different degrees.
The difference between the embodiment 1 and the comparative example 1 is that the fire-resistant flame retardant of the present application is not used in the comparative example 1, but the inorganic flame retardant with the same weight is used for replacement, and it can be seen by combining table 8 that the fire-resistant flame retardant and the stretch-resistant performance of the fire-resistant flame retardant cables prepared by respectively using the sheathing materials prepared in the embodiment 1 and the comparative example 1 are obviously different, and the embodiment 1 is obviously superior to the comparative example 1, so that the fire-resistant flame retardant of the present application can obviously improve the fire-resistant flame retardant performance and the mechanical strength of the sheathing material, and the fire-resistant flame retardant performance of the fire-resistant flame retardant cable can be obviously improved when the fire-resistant flame retardant cable is applied to the preparation of the fire-resistant flame retardant cable.
Example 1 is different from comparative examples 2 to 5 in that the raw materials used in step b are different in the preparation of the flame retardant. Comparative example 2 in the preparation of the flame retardant, glass fiber was not used; comparative example 3 when preparing a flame retardant, polysulfonamide fibers were not used; comparative example 4 when preparing a flame retardant, neither polysulfonamide fiber nor glass fiber was used; comparative example 5 in preparing a flame retardant, liquid paraffin was not used. It can be seen from table 8 that, when the prepared sheathing compound is applied to the preparation of a fire-resistant flame-retardant cable, compared with example 1, the fire-resistant flame-retardant performance and the tensile resistance of the cable prepared in comparative examples 2 to 5 are significantly reduced, so that the cable has a significant synergistic promotion effect when the fire-resistant flame retardant is prepared by compounding the modified hydrotalcite powder, the glass fiber, the polysulfonamide fiber and the liquid paraffin, and the fire-resistant flame retardant performance and the mechanical performance of the prepared fire-resistant flame retardant are significantly improved.
The difference between examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 6 to 11 is that the sheath material has different raw material ratios, and as can be seen from table 8, the sheath material prepared within the range of the raw material ratio of the present application has better fire resistance and flame retardation performance and strength.
The difference between the examples 1 and 7-10 lies in that the raw material proportions in the step b of the preparation process of the fire-resistant flame retardant are different, and the data in the table 8 show that when the modified hydrotalcite powder, the glass fiber, the polysulfonamide fiber and the liquid paraffin are prepared according to the weight ratio of 1 (0.2-0.4) to (0.1-0.3) to (0.05-0.01), the prepared fire-resistant flame retardant is applied to the preparation of the sheathing material, so that the sheathing material has better fire-resistant and flame-retardant properties.
The difference between examples 8 and 11-14 is that the amount of the silane coupling agent used in step b of the preparation process of the fire-resistant fire retardant is different, and the data in Table 8 show that when the silane coupling agent is used according to the weight ratio of the modified hydrotalcite powder to the silane coupling agent of 1 (0.02-0.05), the prepared fire-resistant fire retardant has better fire-resistant and fire-retardant properties and strength. The reason for analyzing the flame retardant is that in the range, the silane coupling agent can fully modify the surface of the modified hydrotalcite powder, so that the dispersibility of the modified hydrotalcite powder on the surfaces of the glass fiber and the polysulfonamide fiber is improved, the performances of the flame retardant are improved, and the synergistic effect among the components in the flame retardant is fully exerted.
The difference of the examples 12 to 19 lies in that the smoke suppressant has different compositions, and it can be seen by combining table 8 that when the smoke suppressant is formed by mixing magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide and ammonium octamolybdate in a weight ratio of 1 (0.8-1.2) to (0.4-0.6), the prepared sheathing material has a better smoke suppression effect, thereby showing that the magnesium hydroxide, the aluminum hydroxide and the ammonium octamolybdate have an obvious synergistic promotion effect on the smoke suppression effect, and the smoke generated when the sheathing material is combusted can be greatly reduced.
The difference between examples 17 and 20-22 is that the antioxidant is used differently, and it can be seen from the data in table 8 that when the sheath material is prepared by using antioxidant 1010 (example 20), antioxidant DSTOP (example 21) and antioxidant 2246 (example 22), the antioxidant performance of the sheath material can be improved significantly, and the tensile resistance of the sheath material is not reduced significantly after the sheath material is treated at the high temperature of 100 ℃ for 200 h.
The difference between the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 28 is that in the process of preparing the fire-resistant flame-retardant sheathing material S2, the nano-silica and the coupling agent are subjected to ultrasonic stirring pretreatment, so that various properties of the prepared sheathing material can be obviously improved, and the reason for analyzing the pretreatment is that the ultrasonic stirring can effectively reduce the agglomeration phenomenon of the nano-silica and improve the dispersibility of the nano-silica in a sheathing material system, so that various properties of the sheathing material are improved.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (3)
1. The fireproof flame-retardant sheath material is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
200-300 parts of high-density polyethylene;
40-60 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer;
5-10 parts of a compatilizer;
3-8 parts of an antioxidant;
30-40 parts of nano silicon dioxide;
3-8 parts of a coupling agent;
5-10 parts of a smoke suppressant;
3-8 parts of a lubricant;
5-10 parts of a fire-resistant flame retardant;
the preparation method of the fire-resistant fire retardant comprises the following steps:
calcining hydrotalcite, adding a sodium hydroxide solution, grinding, adding a hydrochloric acid solution to adjust the pH value to 3-4, aging, adding the sodium hydroxide solution again to adjust the pH value to be neutral after aging is finished, filtering, and drying to obtain modified hydrotalcite powder;
b, mixing and grinding the modified hydrotalcite powder, the glass fiber, the polysulfonamide fiber and the liquid paraffin, adding a silane coupling agent, and stirring and dispersing to obtain the fire-resistant flame retardant;
in the step b in the preparation method of the fire-resistant flame retardant, the modified hydrotalcite powder is prepared by the following steps: glass fiber: polysulfonamide fiber: the liquid paraffin is 1: (0.2-0.4): (0.1-0.3): (0.05-0.01);
in the step b in the preparation method of the fire-resistant flame retardant, the usage amount of the silane coupling agent is calculated according to the weight ratio, and the modified hydrotalcite: the silane coupling agent is 1: (0.02-0.05);
the smoke suppressant comprises magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide and ammonium octamolybdate in a weight ratio of 1: (0.8-1.2): (0.4-0.6) mixing;
the antioxidant is one or more of an antioxidant 1010, an antioxidant DSTOP and an antioxidant 2246;
the lubricant is one or more of polyethylene wax, zinc stearate and methyl silicone oil;
the preparation method of the fire-resistant flame-retardant sheath material comprises the following steps:
s1, stirring and mixing high-density polyethylene and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer to obtain a mixture A;
s2, ultrasonically stirring the nano silicon dioxide and the coupling agent to obtain a premix, adding the premix into the mixture A, and stirring to obtain a mixture B;
s3, adding the compatilizer, the antioxidant, the smoke suppressant, the lubricant and the fire-resistant flame retardant into the mixture B, and continuing stirring to obtain a mixture C;
and S4, melting and extruding the mixture C to obtain the fire-resistant flame-retardant sheath material.
2. The fire-resistant and flame-retardant sheath material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fire-resistant and flame-retardant cable material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
240-280 parts of high-density polyethylene;
48-56 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer;
7-9 parts of a compatilizer;
5-7 parts of an antioxidant;
34-38 parts of nano silicon dioxide;
5-7 parts of a coupling agent;
7-9 parts of a smoke suppressant;
5-7 parts of a lubricant;
7-9 parts of a fire-resistant flame retardant.
3. Use of the flame retardant sheath material according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein the flame retardant sheath material is used for the preparation of cables.
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| CN114196078B (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2023-03-07 | 太仓市金锚新材料科技有限公司 | Rubber fireproof sealing sleeve and preparation method thereof |
| CN115746570B (en) * | 2022-12-07 | 2023-06-06 | 华力通线缆股份有限公司 | Ceramic fireproof sheath material and medium-voltage fireproof cable |
| CN116855005B (en) * | 2023-02-22 | 2024-03-19 | 济南中科广源环保科技有限公司 | Agricultural plastic film and preparation process thereof |
| CN116376181A (en) * | 2023-04-11 | 2023-07-04 | 江苏馨德高分子材料股份有限公司 | Low-smoke halogen-free flame retardant for anti-leakage coaxial cable |
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| CN107868436A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-04-03 | 安徽嘉中金属材料有限公司 | A kind of building CABLE MATERIALS of high-performance refractory fire resisting and preparation method thereof |
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