CN115910456B - High-temperature-resistant fireproof cable and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-temperature-resistant fireproof cable and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycidyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1CO1 VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- LOAUVZALPPNFOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinaldic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 LOAUVZALPPNFOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- WYYQVWLEPYFFLP-UHFFFAOYSA-K chromium(3+);triacetate Chemical compound [Cr+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O WYYQVWLEPYFFLP-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RJDOZRNNYVAULJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L [O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[F-].[F-].[Mg++].[Mg++].[Mg++].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[F-].[F-].[Mg++].[Mg++].[Mg++].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] RJDOZRNNYVAULJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 23
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- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 125000002943 quinolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 6
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- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODJQKYXPKWQWNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 3-(2-carboxylatoethylsulfanyl)propanoate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCSCCC([O-])=O ODJQKYXPKWQWNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- WPMYUUITDBHVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(CCC([O-])=O)=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O WPMYUUITDBHVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 206010000369 Accident Diseases 0.000 description 1
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000006992 Myrciaria cauliflora Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000170059 Myrciaria cauliflora Species 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000891 common polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001739 density measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000012434 nucleophilic reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003248 quinolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/14—Extreme weather resilient electric power supply systems, e.g. strengthening power lines or underground power cables
Landscapes
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a high-temperature-resistant fireproof cable which comprises a plurality of cable cores, a mineral fireproof layer and a low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath from inside to outside, wherein a filling layer is arranged among the plurality of cable cores in the mineral fireproof layer; each cable core comprises an annealing stranded copper conductor, a mineral insulating layer and an insulating isolation layer from inside to outside; the mineral fireproof layer is made of magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, talcum powder, clay and adhesive; the low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath is prepared from polyolefin resin, clay, talcum powder, silica sol, magnesium hydroxide and polyethylene wax; the application also discloses a preparation method of the cable, which comprises the following steps: and sequentially coating a mineral insulating layer and an insulating isolation layer on the outer surfaces of the conductors to prepare cable cores, filling the outer surfaces of the cable cores to form filling layers, and finally sequentially coating a mineral fireproof layer and a low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath on the outer surfaces of the filling layers. The cable provided by the application has the performances of high flame retardance, high flexibility, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, oxidation resistance, low smoke, fire resistance, impact resistance and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of cables, and particularly relates to a high-temperature-resistant fireproof cable and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, fire accidents frequently occur at home and abroad, and ensuring the smoothness of equipment lines such as an elevator, a lighting system, a communication system, a signal control system and the like in a certain time of occurrence of the fire has important significance for reducing casualties and property loss of people. When a fire disaster occurs, the circuit can bear the high temperature of 250-1000 ℃ for a long time, and the common flame-retardant cable is difficult to ensure the smoothness of the circuit under the condition, so the adoption of the fireproof cable with fire resistance, flame retardance, low smoke and no toxicity has an irreplaceable effect on reducing the loss caused by the fire disaster.
The application provides a flexible mineral insulation fireproof cable, which comprises a cable core and a sheath layer coated on the outer side of the cable core, wherein the sheath layer is composed of raw materials such as polyethylene, ethylene vinyl acetate, polypropylene, a vulcanization system, vinyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, composite filler, phenyl petroleum sulfonate, antioxidant 1076, 2-thiobis [3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate ], thiodipropionate and the like. However, polyethylene and polypropylene in the sheath layer mixture system have poor heat resistance, are easy to deform when the temperature exceeds 200 ℃, and cannot well protect the internal structure of the cable; the oxidation resistance of polyethylene is also poor, although the antioxidant 1076 is added in the sheath layer mixture system, the antioxidant 1076 has weak oxidation resistance and is easy to decompose when being melted and extruded at 230 ℃, so that the oxidation resistance is further weakened; the compatibility between high molecular polymers in the sheath layer mixture system is poor, the physical properties of the blending system are relatively poor, sulfur dioxide can be generated by high-temperature combustion of sulfur-containing compounds in the blending system, the environment is polluted, and the environment-friendly development requirements in the new development concept are not met.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the application aims to provide the high-temperature-resistant fireproof cable and the preparation method thereof, and the high-temperature-resistant fireproof cable has the performances of high flame retardance, high flexibility, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, oxidation resistance, low smoke, fire resistance, impact resistance and the like by improving the materials of each layer of a cable core, a mineral fireproof layer and a low smoke halogen-free outer sheath, and can work for a long time at the environmental temperature of 250 ℃ and can also work for a short time at the environmental temperature of 1340 ℃ in emergency.
The technical scheme adopted by the application for achieving the purpose is as follows:
a high-temperature-resistant fireproof cable comprises a plurality of cable cores, a mineral fireproof layer and a low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath from inside to outside, wherein a filling layer is arranged among the plurality of cable cores in the mineral fireproof layer; the low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
100-130 parts of polyolefin resin, 20-25 parts of clay, 25-30 parts of talcum powder, 8-10 parts of silica sol, 17-19 parts of magnesium hydroxide and 3-8 parts of polyethylene wax, wherein the polyolefin resin is preferably 110 parts of polyolefin resin, 25 parts of clay, 25 parts of talcum powder, 8 parts of silica sol, 18 parts of magnesium hydroxide and 5 parts of polyethylene wax;
the polyolefin resin is modified polyethylene, and the preparation method of the modified polyethylene is as follows:
s1, uniformly mixing polyethylene, glycidyl methacrylate, styrene and dicumyl peroxide (DCP) in advance, carrying out melt mixing grafting in a rheometer to obtain a grafted product, putting the grafted product into dimethylbenzene, heating to 95-110 ℃, stirring and refluxing for 1-2h, adding acetone, continuously stirring for 40-50min, cooling to room temperature, filtering, taking filter residues, washing and drying to obtain an intermediate 1, wherein the mass ratio of the glycidyl methacrylate to the styrene to the polyethylene is 1:1.0-1.2:32-34, the grafting temperature is 170-190 ℃, the grafting time is 15-20min, and the rheometer rotating speed is 32-35rpm;
s2, sequentially adding the intermediate 1, the dimethylbenzene, the chromium acetate and the quinoline-2-carboxylic acid obtained in the step S1 into a reactor, heating to 100-105 ℃, stirring for 4-5 hours, cooling to room temperature, filtering, taking filter residues, and drying to obtain modified polyethylene, wherein the mass ratio of the quinoline-2-carboxylic acid to the intermediate 1 is 1:35-40;
the synthetic route of the modified polyethylene is as follows:
in connection with the above-mentioned scheme, the heat resistance of a high molecular polymer is generally defined as a measure of how much properties can be maintained at normal temperature under a high temperature environment. The elasticity is most obvious because the molecular motion of the common polymer material is aggravated at high temperature, so that some physical properties of the material are changed. For improving the heat resistance of a polymer material, the most common approach is to suppress the movement of molecules. There are generally the following methods: 1. the molecular model of the macromolecule is made to form a three-dimensional structure to form meshes, thereby inhibiting the movement of the molecule; 2. adding an aromatic ring and an alicyclic structure which are difficult to move into a molecular structure; 3. polar groups are added to the polymer, thereby inhibiting molecular movement by means of binding forces such as hydroxyl chains.
The oxidation process of the high molecular polymer is a radical chain lock reaction. The high polymer antioxidant can capture active free radicals to generate inactive free radicals, or can decompose polymer hydroperoxide generated in the oxidation process to stop chain lock reaction and delay the oxidation process of the polymer, so that the polymer can be processed smoothly and the service life is prolonged, and the quinoline derivative is the high polymer antioxidant.
Polyolefin materials are important general plastics, and are widely applied to industries such as daily necessities, packaging, automobiles and the like because of large yield, wide application range and low price. However, due to the non-polarity and crystallinity of the polymer, when the polymer is compounded with other materials, a compatilizer or a grafted polar group is required to be added to improve the blending effect of the polymer and other materials, so that the application range of the polymer is widened. The polyethylene is chemically modified, and the required polar groups are introduced while the original characteristics are maintained, so that the application field of the polyethylene can be expanded. The application takes dicumyl peroxide as a free radical initiator, and a peroxy bond thereof is heated to break to generate a primary free radical, so as to trigger the polyethylene and glycidyl methacrylate to generate a free radical grafting reaction, and simultaneously, a styrene monomer is added to promote grafting; the free radical grafting product structure contains epoxy group, carboxyl in quinoline-2-carboxylic acid can be used as nucleophilic reagent, and can be subjected to ring-opening reaction with epoxy group under the catalysis of chromium acetate, so as to obtain the modified polyethylene.
As a further improvement of the application, the number of the cable cores is 4-6, and each cable core comprises an annealing stranded copper conductor, a mineral insulating layer and an insulating isolation layer from inside to outside; the mineral insulating layer is at least three layers of mica strips, and the mica strips are gold mica strips or synthetic mica strips; the insulating isolation layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90-100 parts of polyethylene, 20-30 parts of glass powder, 20-30 parts of clay, 4-7 parts of sodium silicate and 3-5 parts of polyethylene wax, wherein the polyethylene wax is preferably 100 parts of polyethylene, 20 parts of glass powder, 25 parts of clay, 6 parts of sodium silicate and 4 parts of polyethylene wax.
As a further improvement of the application, the mineral fireproof layer is formed by extruding the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 10-20 parts of calcium carbonate, 30-40 parts of talcum powder, 15-20 parts of clay and 8-10 parts of adhesive; the adhesive is organic silicon resin or silica sol, wherein the adhesive is preferably 30 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 15 parts of calcium carbonate, 35 parts of talcum powder, 17 parts of clay and 10 parts of adhesive.
The magnesium hydroxide, the clay, the talcum powder and the silica sol are added into the raw materials of the mineral fireproof layer and the low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath, so that the fireproof performance, the impact resistance and the flame retardance of the cable can be remarkably improved, and the binding force between the mineral fireproof layer and the low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath can be improved, so that the mineral fireproof layer and the low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath are combined more tightly, and the aim of effectively protecting the internal structure of the cable is achieved.
The application also provides a preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant fireproof cable, which comprises the following steps:
a1, mixing and granulating the low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath: weighing polyolefin resin, clay, talcum powder, silica sol, magnesium hydroxide and polyethylene wax according to the weight ratio, uniformly mixing, adding into a double-screw extruder, extruding and granulating, wherein the rotating speed of a screw in the double-screw extruder is 120-150r/min, and the temperature of a whole region is 250-300 ℃;
a2, cabling: sequentially coating a mineral insulating layer and an insulating isolation layer on the outer surface of the annealed stranded copper conductor to prepare a cable core; filling the outer surfaces of the cable cores to form a filling layer; and finally, sequentially coating a mineral fireproof layer and a low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath on the outer surface of the filling layer to obtain the high-temperature-resistant fireproof cable.
The application has the following beneficial effects: the application discloses a high-temperature-resistant fireproof cable, which is characterized in that a low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath is prepared from polyolefin resin, clay, talcum powder, silica sol, magnesium hydroxide and polyethylene wax, wherein the polyolefin resin is modified polyethylene. The modified polyethylene is chemically modified, and polar groups are introduced while the original characteristics are maintained, so that the modified polyethylene and other raw materials are synergistically enhanced, and the performances of high flame retardance, high flexibility, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, oxidation resistance, low smoke, fire resistance, impact resistance and the like of the fireproof cable are remarkably improved. The hydroxyl and quinoline ring structures are introduced into the polyethylene structure, so that the molecular movement can be restrained by utilizing the intermolecular hydrogen bonding effect and the stability of the quinoline ring structure, the heat resistance of the polyethylene polymer is improved, and the polyethylene polymer is synergistic with other raw materials, so that the low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath can keep high flexibility, high elasticity, excellent mechanical property and insulativity at the environmental temperature of 250 ℃; in addition, the quinoline ring structure can also improve the oxidation resistance of the polyethylene polymer, so that the low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath has excellent oxidation resistance. Under the condition of high temperature above 550 ℃, the modified polyethylene can quickly form compact and hard ceramic armor bodies with inorganic mineral substances such as clay, talcum powder and the like, so that the internal structure of the cable can be effectively protected, the conditions of cracking, falling and the like of a mineral fireproof layer are avoided, and the flame retardance, the fireproof performance and the impact resistance of the cable are further affected. The high-temperature-resistant fireproof cable provided by the application has the performances of high flame retardance, high flexibility, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, oxidation resistance, low smoke, fire resistance, impact resistance and the like, and can work for a long time at the ambient temperature of 250 ℃ and also can work for a short time at the ambient temperature of 1340 ℃ in emergency.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
Polyethylene 6201XR was purchased from jaboticaba plastics materials limited, dongguan; polyethylene wax SX-110B was purchased from hewanda trade limited; polypropylene FB51 is available from Shenzhen Kox New Material technology Co., ltd; ethylene vinyl acetate UE4055 was purchased from Shanghai Tian-plastic trade limited; silica sol, particle size 5nm, 30% content, purchased from Yuan yang county refractory Co., ltd; clay, mesh number 325, purchased from the mineral processing plant of the eternal county of life; talcum powder with 200 meshes, glass powder with 325 meshes are purchased from Hebei ze Xuesu building materials science and technology development Co., ltd; glycidyl methacrylate CAS number 106-91-2; dicumyl peroxide (DCP) CAS number 80-43-3; quinoline-2-carboxylic acid CAS number 93-10-7; chromium acetate CAS number 1066-30-4; all the raw materials in the following examples and comparative examples are common commercial products.
Example 1
A preparation method of modified polyethylene comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 33kg of polyethylene, 1kg of glycidyl methacrylate, 1kg of styrene and 0.05kg of dicumyl peroxide uniformly in advance, carrying out melt mixing grafting in a rheometer to obtain a grafted product, wherein the grafting temperature is 180 ℃, the time is 15min, the rotation speed of the rheometer is 32rpm, putting the grafted product into 350kg of dimethylbenzene, heating to 105 ℃, stirring and refluxing for 2h, adding 200kg of acetone, continuously stirring for 40min, cooling to room temperature, filtering, taking filter residues, washing with acetone, and drying to obtain an intermediate 1;
s2, sequentially adding 28kg of intermediate 1 obtained in the step S1, 220kg of dimethylbenzene, 0.07kg of chromium acetate and 0.8kg of quinoline-2-carboxylic acid into a reactor, heating to 102 ℃, stirring for 4 hours, cooling to room temperature, filtering, taking filter residues, and drying to obtain modified polyethylene;
the synthetic route of the modified polyethylene is as follows:
example 2
A high-temperature-resistant fireproof cable comprises a plurality of cable cores, a mineral fireproof layer and a low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath from inside to outside, wherein a filling layer is arranged among the plurality of cable cores in the mineral fireproof layer; the number of the cable cores is 4, each cable core comprises an annealing stranded copper conductor, a mineral insulating layer and an insulating isolation layer from inside to outside, wherein the mineral insulating layer is a mica tape with the thickness of not less than three layers, the mica tape is a gold mica tape, the thickness of the mineral insulating layer is 0.5mm, the overlapping rate is 50%, and the insulating isolation layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyethylene, 20 parts of glass powder, 25 parts of clay, 6 parts of sodium silicate, 4 parts of polyethylene wax and 2mm of insulating isolation layer thickness; said mineral shieldThe fire layer is formed by extruding the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 15 parts of calcium carbonate, 35 parts of talcum powder, 17 parts of clay and 10 parts of adhesive, wherein the adhesive is silica sol, and the thickness of a mineral fireproof layer is 2mm; the low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 110 parts of polyolefin resin, 25 parts of clay, 25 parts of talcum powder, 8 parts of silica sol, 18 parts of magnesium hydroxide and 5 parts of polyethylene wax, wherein the polyolefin resin is the modified polyethylene prepared in the example 1, and the thickness of the low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath is 3mm; the filling layer is made of glass fiber and has a specific gravity of 1.8g/cm 3 。
A preparation method of a high-temperature-resistant fireproof cable comprises the following steps:
a1, mixing and granulating an insulating isolation layer: weighing polyethylene, glass powder, clay, sodium silicate and polyethylene wax according to the weight ratio, uniformly mixing, adding into a double-screw extruder, extruding and granulating, wherein the rotating speed of a screw in the double-screw extruder is 130r/min, and the temperature of a whole region is 140 ℃;
a2, mixing and granulating the low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath: weighing polyolefin resin, clay, talcum powder, silica sol, magnesium hydroxide and polyethylene wax according to the weight ratio, uniformly mixing, adding into a double-screw extruder, extruding and granulating, wherein the rotating speed of a screw in the double-screw extruder is 130r/min, and the temperature of a whole area is 300 ℃;
a3, cabling: sequentially coating a mineral insulating layer and an insulating isolation layer on the outer surface of the annealed stranded copper conductor to prepare a cable core; filling the outer surfaces of the cable cores to form a filling layer; and finally, sequentially coating a mineral fireproof layer and a low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath on the outer surface of the filling layer to obtain the high-temperature-resistant fireproof cable.
Example 3
A high-temperature-resistant fireproof cable comprises a plurality of cable cores, a mineral fireproof layer and a low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath from inside to outside, wherein a filling layer is arranged among the plurality of cable cores in the mineral fireproof layer; the number of the cable cores is 4, each cable core comprises an annealing stranded copper conductor, a mineral insulating layer and an insulating isolation layer from inside to outside, wherein the mineral insulating layer is a mica tape with at least three layers, the mica tape is a gold mica tape, and the thickness of the mineral insulating layer is equal to or greater than that of the mica tapeThe degree is 0.5mm, the overlapping rate is 50%, and the insulating isolation layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyethylene, 20 parts of glass powder, 25 parts of clay, 6 parts of sodium silicate, 4 parts of polyethylene wax and 2mm of insulating isolation layer thickness; the mineral fireproof layer is formed by extruding the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 15 parts of calcium carbonate, 35 parts of talcum powder, 17 parts of clay and 10 parts of adhesive, wherein the adhesive is silica sol, and the thickness of a mineral fireproof layer is 2mm; the low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyolefin resin, 25 parts of clay, 25 parts of talcum powder, 8 parts of silica sol, 18 parts of magnesium hydroxide and 5 parts of polyethylene wax, wherein the polyolefin resin is the modified polyethylene prepared in the example 1, and the thickness of the low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath is 3mm; the filling layer is made of glass fiber and has a specific gravity of 1.8g/cm 3 。
Example 3 differs from example 2 in that the parts by weight of the polyolefin resin in the low smoke halogen-free outer sheath is changed.
Example 4
A high-temperature-resistant fireproof cable comprises a plurality of cable cores, a mineral fireproof layer and a low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath from inside to outside, wherein a filling layer is arranged among the plurality of cable cores in the mineral fireproof layer; the number of the cable cores is 4, each cable core comprises an annealing stranded copper conductor, a mineral insulating layer and an insulating isolation layer from inside to outside, wherein the mineral insulating layer is a mica tape with the thickness of not less than three layers, the mica tape is a gold mica tape, the thickness of the mineral insulating layer is 0.5mm, the overlapping rate is 50%, and the insulating isolation layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyethylene, 20 parts of glass powder, 25 parts of clay, 6 parts of sodium silicate, 4 parts of polyethylene wax and 2mm of insulating isolation layer thickness; the mineral fireproof layer is formed by extruding the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 15 parts of calcium carbonate, 35 parts of talcum powder, 17 parts of clay and 10 parts of adhesive, wherein the adhesive is silica sol, and the thickness of a mineral fireproof layer is 2mm; the low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 120 parts of polyolefin resin, 25 parts of clay, 25 parts of talcum powder, 8 parts of silica sol, 18 parts of magnesium hydroxide and 5 parts of polyethylene wax, wherein the polyolefin resin is the modified polyethylene prepared in example 1 and is low in costThe thickness of the smoke halogen-free outer sheath is 3mm; the filling layer is made of glass fiber and has a specific gravity of 1.8g/cm 3 。
Example 4 differs from example 2 in that the parts by weight of the polyolefin resin in the low smoke halogen-free outer sheath is changed.
Example 5
A high-temperature-resistant fireproof cable comprises a plurality of cable cores, a mineral fireproof layer and a low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath from inside to outside, wherein a filling layer is arranged among the plurality of cable cores in the mineral fireproof layer; the number of the cable cores is 4, each cable core comprises an annealing stranded copper conductor, a mineral insulating layer and an insulating isolation layer from inside to outside, wherein the mineral insulating layer is a mica tape with the thickness of not less than three layers, the mica tape is a gold mica tape, the thickness of the mineral insulating layer is 0.5mm, the overlapping rate is 50%, and the insulating isolation layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyethylene, 20 parts of glass powder, 25 parts of clay, 6 parts of sodium silicate, 4 parts of polyethylene wax and 2mm of insulating isolation layer thickness; the mineral fireproof layer is formed by extruding the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 15 parts of calcium carbonate, 35 parts of talcum powder, 17 parts of clay and 10 parts of adhesive, wherein the adhesive is silica sol, and the thickness of a mineral fireproof layer is 2mm; the low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 130 parts of polyolefin resin, 25 parts of clay, 25 parts of talcum powder, 8 parts of silica sol, 18 parts of magnesium hydroxide and 5 parts of polyethylene wax, wherein the polyolefin resin is the modified polyethylene prepared in the example 1, and the thickness of the low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath is 3mm; the filling layer is made of glass fiber and has a specific gravity of 1.8g/cm 3 。
Example 5 differs from example 2 in that the parts by weight of the polyolefin resin in the low smoke halogen-free outer sheath is changed.
Example 6
A high-temperature-resistant fireproof cable comprises a plurality of cable cores, a mineral fireproof layer and a low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath from inside to outside, wherein a filling layer is arranged among the plurality of cable cores in the mineral fireproof layer; the number of the cable cores is 4, each cable core comprises an annealing stranded copper conductor, a mineral insulating layer and an insulating isolation layer from inside to outside, wherein the mineral insulating layer isThe mica tape is a gold mica tape, the thickness of the mineral insulating layer is 0.5mm, the overlapping rate is 50%, and the insulating isolation layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyethylene, 20 parts of glass powder, 25 parts of clay, 6 parts of sodium silicate, 4 parts of polyethylene wax and 2mm of insulating isolation layer thickness; the mineral fireproof layer is formed by extruding the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 15 parts of calcium carbonate, 35 parts of talcum powder, 17 parts of clay and 10 parts of adhesive, wherein the adhesive is silica sol, and the thickness of a mineral fireproof layer is 2mm; the low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 110 parts of polyolefin resin, 20 parts of clay, 25 parts of talcum powder, 8 parts of silica sol, 18 parts of magnesium hydroxide and 5 parts of polyethylene wax, wherein the polyolefin resin is the modified polyethylene prepared in the embodiment 1, and the thickness of the low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath is 3mm; the filling layer is made of glass fiber and has a specific gravity of 1.8g/cm 3 。
Example 6 differs from example 2 in that the parts by weight of the clay in the low smoke halogen-free outer sheath are changed.
Example 7
A high-temperature-resistant fireproof cable comprises a plurality of cable cores, a mineral fireproof layer and a low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath from inside to outside, wherein a filling layer is arranged among the plurality of cable cores in the mineral fireproof layer; the number of the cable cores is 4, each cable core comprises an annealing stranded copper conductor, a mineral insulating layer and an insulating isolation layer from inside to outside, wherein the mineral insulating layer is a mica tape with the thickness of not less than three layers, the mica tape is a gold mica tape, the thickness of the mineral insulating layer is 0.5mm, the overlapping rate is 50%, and the insulating isolation layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyethylene, 20 parts of glass powder, 25 parts of clay, 6 parts of sodium silicate, 4 parts of polyethylene wax and 2mm of insulating isolation layer thickness; the mineral fireproof layer is formed by extruding the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 15 parts of calcium carbonate, 35 parts of talcum powder, 17 parts of clay and 10 parts of adhesive, wherein the adhesive is silica sol, and the thickness of a mineral fireproof layer is 2mm; the low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 110 parts of polyolefin resin, 25 parts of clay, 30 parts of talcum powder, 8 parts of silica sol, 18 parts of magnesium hydroxide and 5 parts of polyethylene waxThe polyolefin resin is the modified polyethylene prepared in the example 1, and the thickness of the low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath is 3mm; the filling layer is made of glass fiber and has a specific gravity of 1.8g/cm 3 。
Example 7 differs from example 2 in that the parts by weight of talc in the low smoke halogen-free outer jacket are changed.
Example 8
A high-temperature-resistant fireproof cable comprises a plurality of cable cores, a mineral fireproof layer and a low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath from inside to outside, wherein a filling layer is arranged among the plurality of cable cores in the mineral fireproof layer; the number of the cable cores is 4, each cable core comprises an annealing stranded copper conductor, a mineral insulating layer and an insulating isolation layer from inside to outside, wherein the mineral insulating layer is a mica tape with the thickness of not less than three layers, the mica tape is a gold mica tape, the thickness of the mineral insulating layer is 0.5mm, the overlapping rate is 50%, and the insulating isolation layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyethylene, 20 parts of glass powder, 25 parts of clay, 6 parts of sodium silicate, 4 parts of polyethylene wax and 2mm of insulating isolation layer thickness; the mineral fireproof layer is formed by extruding the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 15 parts of calcium carbonate, 35 parts of talcum powder, 17 parts of clay and 10 parts of adhesive, wherein the adhesive is silica sol, and the thickness of a mineral fireproof layer is 2mm; the low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 110 parts of polyolefin resin, 25 parts of clay, 25 parts of talcum powder, 8 parts of silica sol, 17 parts of magnesium hydroxide and 5 parts of polyethylene wax, wherein the polyolefin resin is the modified polyethylene prepared in the embodiment 1, and the thickness of the low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath is 3mm; the filling layer is made of glass fiber and has a specific gravity of 1.8g/cm 3 。
Example 8 differs from example 2 in that the parts by weight of magnesium hydroxide in the low smoke halogen-free outer sheath are changed.
Example 9
A high-temperature-resistant fireproof cable comprises a plurality of cable cores, a mineral fireproof layer and a low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath from inside to outside, wherein a filling layer is arranged among the plurality of cable cores in the mineral fireproof layer; the number of the cable cores is 4, and each cable core comprises an annealing stranded copper conductor from inside to outsideThe mica tape is a gold mica tape, the thickness of the mineral insulating layer is 0.5mm, the overlapping rate is 50%, and the insulating isolation layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyethylene, 20 parts of glass powder, 25 parts of clay, 6 parts of sodium silicate, 4 parts of polyethylene wax and 2mm of insulating isolation layer thickness; the mineral fireproof layer is formed by extruding the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 15 parts of calcium carbonate, 35 parts of talcum powder, 17 parts of clay and 10 parts of adhesive, wherein the adhesive is silica sol, and the thickness of a mineral fireproof layer is 2mm; the low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 110 parts of polyolefin resin, 25 parts of clay, 25 parts of talcum powder, 8 parts of silica sol, 19 parts of magnesium hydroxide and 5 parts of polyethylene wax, wherein the polyolefin resin is the modified polyethylene prepared in the embodiment 1, and the thickness of the low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath is 3mm; the filling layer is made of glass fiber and has a specific gravity of 1.8g/cm 3 。
Example 9 differs from example 2 in that the parts by weight of magnesium hydroxide in the low smoke halogen-free outer sheath are changed.
Comparative example 1
A high-temperature-resistant fireproof cable comprises a plurality of cable cores, a mineral fireproof layer and a low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath from inside to outside, wherein a filling layer is arranged among the plurality of cable cores in the mineral fireproof layer; the number of the cable cores is 4, each cable core comprises an annealing stranded copper conductor, a mineral insulating layer and an insulating isolation layer from inside to outside, wherein the mineral insulating layer is a mica tape with the thickness of not less than three layers, the mica tape is a gold mica tape, the thickness of the mineral insulating layer is 0.5mm, the overlapping rate is 50%, and the insulating isolation layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyethylene, 20 parts of glass powder, 25 parts of clay, 6 parts of sodium silicate, 4 parts of polyethylene wax and 2mm of insulating isolation layer thickness; the mineral fireproof layer is formed by extruding the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 15 parts of calcium carbonate, 35 parts of talcum powder, 17 parts of clay and 10 parts of adhesive, wherein the adhesive is silica sol, and the thickness of a mineral fireproof layer is 2mm; the low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 110 parts of polyolefin resin and 25 parts of clay25 parts of talcum powder, 8 parts of silica sol, 18 parts of magnesium hydroxide and 5 parts of polyethylene wax, wherein the polyolefin resin is a mixture of polyethylene, ethylene vinyl acetate and polypropylene, the mass ratio of the polyethylene to the ethylene vinyl acetate to the polypropylene is 3:2:2, and the thickness of the low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath is 3mm; the filling layer is made of glass fiber and has a specific gravity of 1.8g/cm 3 。
Comparative example 1 is different from example 2 in that the polyolefin resin in the low smoke halogen-free outer sheath is a mixture of polyethylene, ethylene vinyl acetate and polypropylene.
Comparative example 2
A high-temperature-resistant fireproof cable comprises a plurality of cable cores, a mineral fireproof layer and a low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath from inside to outside, wherein a filling layer is arranged among the plurality of cable cores in the mineral fireproof layer; the number of the cable cores is 4, each cable core comprises an annealing stranded copper conductor, a mineral insulating layer and an insulating isolation layer from inside to outside, wherein the mineral insulating layer is a mica tape with the thickness of not less than three layers, the mica tape is a gold mica tape, the thickness of the mineral insulating layer is 0.5mm, the overlapping rate is 50%, and the insulating isolation layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyethylene, 20 parts of glass powder, 25 parts of clay, 6 parts of sodium silicate, 4 parts of polyethylene wax and 2mm of insulating isolation layer thickness; the mineral fireproof layer is formed by extruding the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 15 parts of calcium carbonate, 35 parts of talcum powder, 17 parts of clay and 10 parts of adhesive, wherein the adhesive is silica sol, and the thickness of a mineral fireproof layer is 2mm; the low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 110 parts of polyolefin resin, 25 parts of clay, 25 parts of talcum powder, 8 parts of silica sol, 18 parts of magnesium hydroxide and 5 parts of polyethylene wax, wherein the polyolefin resin is polyethylene, and the thickness of the low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath is 3mm; the filling layer is made of glass fiber and has a specific gravity of 1.8g/cm 3 。
Comparative example 2 is different from example 2 in that the polyolefin resin in the low smoke zero halogen outer sheath is polyethylene.
The high temperature resistant and fireproof cables of examples 3-9 and comparative examples 1-2 were prepared according to the procedure described in example 2.
Comparative example 3
A high temperature resistant fireproof cable is commercially available in China and is purchased from Henan Shenpeng Cable Limited.
Test example 1
Carrying out related performance tests on the high-temperature-resistant fireproof cables prepared in examples 2-9 and comparative examples 1-3, wherein the line integrity test is carried out according to a fire-resistant test method for maintaining the line integrity of the cable under the flame condition of BS6387, wherein pure fire-resistant C requires that the cable is electrified for 180min at 950-1350 ℃ to avoid breakdown, fire-resistant W requires that the cable is subjected to 15min of water spraying at 650-800 ℃ to avoid breakdown, and fire-resistant Z requires that the cable is subjected to 15min of knocking vibration at 950-1350 ℃ to avoid breakdown; smoke density (minimum light transmittance) test the test was carried out according to GB/T17651.1-2021 smoke density measurement of burning of Cable or optical Cable under specific conditions; corrosion resistance test was carried out according to GB/T17650.2-2021 test method for liberating gas when materials from electric or optical cables are burned; the temperature of the heat resistance test box is (250+/-2) DEG C, the sample is placed in the test box for 72 hours, and the sheath is not required to shrink or deform; the temperature of the ozone resistance test box is (40+/-2) DEG C, the relative humidity is (55+/-5)%, and the ozone concentration is (volume fraction) (200+/-50) multiplied by 10 -6 The air flow is 0.3 times of the volume/min of the test box, the sample is placed in the test box for 96 hours, and no visible cracks are formed on the surface of the sheath after bending test; the test results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 high temperature resistant fireproof cable performance test results
As can be seen from the results in Table 1, the high temperature resistant and fireproof cables prepared in examples 2 to 9 are significantly better in line integrity, smoke density, corrosion resistance, heat resistance and ozone resistance than those prepared in comparative examples 1 to 3, wherein the high temperature resistant and fireproof cable prepared in example 2 has the best overall performance; as can be seen from the data of examples 2-9, the weight parts of the modified polyethylene, the clay, the talcum powder and the magnesium hydroxide in the low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath mixture system affect the comprehensive performance of the high-temperature-resistant fireproof cable; example 2 the modified polyethylene added in example 2 significantly enhanced the line integrity, smoke density, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, ozone resistance of the high temperature resistant fire resistant cable as compared to comparative examples 2-3.
Polyolefin materials are important general plastics, and are widely applied to industries such as daily necessities, packaging, automobiles and the like because of large yield, wide application range and low price. However, due to the non-polarity and crystallinity of the polymer, when the polymer is compounded with other materials, a compatilizer or a grafted polar group is required to be added to improve the blending effect of the polymer and other materials, so that the application range of the polymer is widened. The application discloses a high-temperature-resistant fireproof cable, which is characterized in that a low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath is prepared from polyolefin resin, clay, talcum powder, silica sol, magnesium hydroxide and polyethylene wax, wherein the polyolefin resin is modified polyethylene. The modified polyethylene is chemically modified, and polar groups are introduced while the original characteristics are maintained, so that the modified polyethylene and other raw materials are synergistically enhanced, and the performances of high flame retardance, high flexibility, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, oxidation resistance, low smoke, fire resistance, impact resistance and the like of the fireproof cable are remarkably improved. The hydroxyl and quinoline ring structures are introduced into the polyethylene structure, so that the molecular movement can be restrained by utilizing the intermolecular hydrogen bonding effect and the stability of the quinoline ring structure, the heat resistance of the polyethylene polymer is improved, and the polyethylene polymer is synergistic with other raw materials, so that the low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath can keep high flexibility, high elasticity, excellent mechanical property and insulativity at the environmental temperature of 250 ℃; in addition, the quinoline ring structure can also improve the oxidation resistance of the polyethylene polymer, so that the low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath has excellent oxidation resistance. Under the condition of high temperature above 550 ℃, the modified polyethylene can quickly form compact and hard ceramic armor bodies with inorganic mineral substances such as clay, talcum powder and the like, so that the internal structure of the cable can be effectively protected, the conditions of cracking, falling and the like of a mineral fireproof layer are avoided, and the flame retardance, the fireproof performance, the waterproof performance and the impact resistance of the cable are further affected. The high-temperature-resistant fireproof cable provided by the application has the performances of high flame retardance, high flexibility, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, oxidation resistance, low smoke, fire resistance, impact resistance and the like, and can work for a long time at the ambient temperature of 250 ℃ and also can work for a short time at the ambient temperature of 1340 ℃ in emergency.
Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the application, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The high-temperature-resistant fireproof cable is characterized by comprising a plurality of cable cores from inside to outside, a mineral fireproof layer and a low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath, wherein a filling layer is arranged among the plurality of cable cores in the mineral fireproof layer; the low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
100-130 parts of polyolefin resin, 20-25 parts of clay, 25-30 parts of talcum powder, 8-10 parts of silica sol, 17-19 parts of magnesium hydroxide and 3-8 parts of polyethylene wax;
the polyolefin resin is modified polyethylene, and the preparation method of the modified polyethylene is as follows:
s1, uniformly mixing polyethylene, glycidyl methacrylate, styrene and dicumyl peroxide in advance, performing melt mixing grafting in a rheometer to obtain a grafted product, putting the grafted product into dimethylbenzene, heating to 95-110 ℃, stirring and refluxing for 1-2h, adding acetone, continuously stirring for 40-50min, cooling to room temperature, filtering, taking filter residues, washing and drying to obtain an intermediate 1, wherein the structural formula of the intermediate 1 is as follows:
s2, sequentially adding the intermediate 1, the dimethylbenzene, the chromium acetate and the quinoline-2-carboxylic acid obtained in the step S1 into a reactor, heating to 100-105 ℃, stirring for 4-5h, cooling to room temperature, filtering, taking filter residues, and drying to obtain modified polyethylene, wherein the structural formula of the modified polyethylene is as follows:
2. the high-temperature-resistant fireproof cable according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of glycidyl methacrylate, styrene and polyethylene in the step S1 is 1:1.0-1.2:32-34.
3. The high temperature resistant and fireproof cable according to claim 1, wherein the grafting temperature in step S1 is 170-190 ℃, the time is 15-20min, and the rheometer rotation speed is 32-35rpm.
4. The high temperature resistant and fireproof cable according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of quinoline-2-carboxylic acid to intermediate 1 in step S2 is 1:35-40.
5. The high temperature resistant and fireproof cable according to claim 1, wherein the number of the cable cores is 4-6, and each cable core comprises an annealing stranded copper conductor, a mineral insulating layer and an insulating isolation layer from inside to outside; the mineral insulating layer is at least three layers of mica strips, and the mica strips are gold mica strips or synthetic mica strips; the insulating isolation layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90-100 parts of polyethylene, 20-30 parts of glass powder, 20-30 parts of clay, 4-7 parts of sodium silicate and 3-5 parts of polyethylene wax.
6. The high-temperature-resistant fireproof cable of claim 1, wherein the mineral fireproof layer is formed by extruding the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 10-20 parts of calcium carbonate, 30-40 parts of talcum powder, 15-20 parts of clay and 8-10 parts of adhesive; the adhesive is organic silicon resin or silica sol.
7. The method for manufacturing a high temperature resistant and fireproof cable according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
a1, mixing and granulating the low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath: weighing polyolefin resin, clay, talcum powder, silica sol, magnesium hydroxide and polyethylene wax according to the weight ratio, uniformly mixing, adding into a double-screw extruder, extruding and granulating;
a2, cabling: sequentially coating a mineral insulating layer and an insulating isolation layer on the outer surface of the annealed stranded copper conductor to prepare a cable core; filling the outer surfaces of the cable cores to form a filling layer; and finally, sequentially coating a mineral fireproof layer and a low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath on the outer surface of the filling layer to obtain the high-temperature-resistant fireproof cable.
8. The method for preparing a high-temperature-resistant fireproof cable according to claim 7, wherein the rotating speed of the screw in the twin-screw extruder in the step A1 is 120-150r/min, and the total temperature is 250-300 ℃.
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| WO2008078406A1 (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2008-07-03 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Flame-retardant thermoplastic resin composition |
| CN108538480A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-09-14 | 北京市天华伟业线缆有限公司 | A kind of novel mineral insulating flexible fireproof cable |
| CN210606739U (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-05-22 | 宝胜科技创新股份有限公司 | Ceramic mineral insulation high-temperature-resistant super-flexible fireproof cable |
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