CN117343683B - 一种双组份柔性环氧胶及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种双组份柔性环氧胶及其制备方法,属于环氧胶生产技术领域,包括A组份和B组份,所述A组分以重量份计包括如下原料:环氧树脂45‑65份、增强填料18‑22份、增韧剂5‑15份、稀释剂4‑8份、消泡剂1‑3份,所述B组分以重量份计包括如下原料:柔性固化剂25‑40份、固化促进剂2‑12份。本发明以甲基异丁基酮、二乙烯三胺、聚乙二醇和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯为原料,利用酮胺法合成了具有多胺基的柔性聚氨酯型胺类固化剂,通过柔性固化剂与环氧基材树脂混合,最终制备得到柔性环氧胶。本发明制备的柔性环氧胶的黏度适中、固化时间较短、涂膜外观光滑无缩孔,剥离强度适合,并且具有优异的柔韧性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于环氧胶生产技术领域,具体涉及一种双组份柔性环氧胶及其制备方法。
背景技术
环氧树脂具有粘接强度高、力学性能优异以及耐化学腐蚀等优点,主要用于结构件粘结、密封罐装以及涂装防护等方面,其中,环氧树脂胶(环氧胶)是一类由环氧树脂基材、固化剂、稀释剂、促进剂和填料等配置而成的工程胶粘剂。目前,市面上常用的环氧胶固化后容易产生较大的内应力,固化产物柔韧性较差,质地脆硬,易开裂,冲击性能较差,因此,环氧胶柔韧性的改善是环氧胶的一个重要研究方向。
现有技术中,改善环氧胶柔性的工作大致可分为环氧基材树脂的增韧和柔性固化剂的合成两个方面。其中,张博等人在《超支化聚合物增韧改性环氧树脂的研究》中通过有核一步法,合成了端羧基超支化聚酯(CHP),然后与环氧氯丙烷经环氧化反应制备了端环氧基超支化聚酯(EHP),并制备了EHP改性环氧树脂(EP)体系。胡红菊等人在《改性己二胺柔性固化剂的合成与性能研究》中采用二官能度环氧树脂对己二胺进行改性,得到了一种含多段长亚甲基链段的柔性固化剂。
发明内容
本发明旨在改善环氧胶的柔性,利用酮胺法合成的柔性聚酯型胺类固化剂,最终制备出具有优异柔性的环氧胶。
本发明的一个目的是提供一种双组份柔性环氧胶;
本发明的另一个目的是提供上述双组份柔性环氧胶的制备方法。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案实现:
一种双组份柔性环氧胶,包括A组份和B组份;
所述A组分,以重量份计,包括如下原料:
所述B组分,以重量份计,包括如下原料:
柔性固化剂25-40份;
固化促进剂2-12份;
所述柔性固化剂为利用酮胺法合成的柔性聚酯型胺类固化剂。
进一步地,所述环氧树脂为环氧树脂E-44,环氧当量为250-300g/eq;粘度为30000-40000mPa·s。
进一步地,所述增强填料为滑石粉、膨润土和硅微粉中的一种。
进一步地,所述增韧剂为端胺基丁腈橡胶。
进一步地,所述稀释剂为1,4-丁二醇二缩水甘油醚、三羟甲基丙烷三缩水甘油醚、新戊二醇二缩水甘油醚中的一种。
进一步地,所述消泡剂为消泡剂6800、消泡剂CF-555和消泡剂BYK-01中的一种。
进一步地,所述固化促进剂为1-苄基苯-2-乙基咪唑、2-甲基咪唑和1-氨基乙基-2-甲基咪唑中一种。
进一步地,所述柔性固化剂由以下步骤制备而成:
A1、向甲苯中搅拌加入甲基异丁基酮和对甲苯磺酸,升温至105-110℃后,向中滴加二乙烯三胺,搅拌反应3.5-4h,停止搅拌,减压蒸馏,得到酮亚胺;
A2、向异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯中通入氮气并搅拌加热,升温至65-70℃时,向中滴加聚乙二醇,控制滴加速率为0.5滴/s,滴加完毕后,继续反应10min,停止加热,冷却至室温后,得到预聚体;
A3、向甲苯中搅拌加入步骤A1制备的酮亚胺,向中通入氮气并搅拌加热,升温至65-70℃时,向中滴加步骤A2中制备的预聚体,控制滴加速率为0.5滴/s,滴加过程中,取少量产物滴定-NCO含量,至-NCO反应完全,停止滴加,继续反应1h,升温至80℃,向中加入去离子水,继续反应6h后,得到粗产物,粗产物经减压蒸馏后,得到柔性固化剂。
进一步地,步骤A1中所述甲苯、甲基异丁基酮、对甲苯磺酸、二乙烯三胺的用量比为30mL:0.25mol:0.8-1.0g:0.1mol。
进一步地,步骤A2中所述异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、聚乙二醇的用量比为0.1mol:20g。
进一步地,步骤A3中所述甲苯、酮亚胺的用量比为30mL:23g。
作为本发明的进一步方案,所述双组份柔性环氧胶的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、按照重量份称取A组分的各原料,将环氧树脂、增韧剂、稀释剂、消泡剂,在25-60℃条件下真空搅拌混合0.5-1h,然后向中加入增强填料,恒温真空搅拌混合0.5-1h,得到组分A;
S2、按照重量份称取A组分的各原料,将柔性固化剂和固化促进剂,在25-60℃条件下真空搅拌混合1-2h,得到组分B。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明以甲基异丁基酮、二乙烯三胺、聚乙二醇和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯为原料,利用酮胺法合成了具有多胺基的柔性聚氨酯型胺类固化剂,通过柔性固化剂与环氧基材树脂混合,最终制备得到柔性环氧胶。本发明制备的柔性环氧胶的黏度适中、固化时间较短、涂膜外观光滑无缩孔,剥离强度适合,并且具有优异的柔韧性。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
制备柔性固化剂:
A1、向反应器A中加入30mL的甲苯作为溶剂,向中搅拌加入0.25mol的甲基异丁基酮和0.8g的催化剂对甲苯磺酸,反应器升温至105℃后,向中滴加0.1mol的二乙烯三胺,搅拌反应3.5h,停止搅拌,减压蒸馏,得到酮亚胺;
A2、向反应器B中加入0.1mol的异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯,向反应器B中通入氮气并搅拌加热,升温至65℃时,向反应器B中滴加20g的聚乙二醇(PEG400),控制滴加速率为0.5滴/s,滴加完毕后,继续反应10min,停止加热,冷却至室温后,得到预聚体;
A3、向反应器C中加入30mL的甲苯作为溶剂,向中搅拌加入23g的步骤A1制备的酮亚胺,向反应器C中通入氮气并搅拌加热,升温至65℃时,向反应器C中滴加步骤A2中制备的预聚体,控制滴加速率为0.5滴/s,滴加过程中,取少量产物滴定-NCO含量,至-NCO反应完全,停止滴加,继续反应1h,反应器C升温至80℃,向中加入10ml的去离子水,进行水解反应,继续反应6h后,得到粗产物,粗产物经减压蒸馏后,得到柔性固化剂。
实施例2
制备柔性固化剂:
A1、向反应器A中加入30mL的甲苯作为溶剂,向中搅拌加入0.25mol的甲基异丁基酮和0.9g的催化剂对甲苯磺酸,反应器升温至108℃后,向中滴加0.1mol的二乙烯三胺,搅拌反应4h,停止搅拌,减压蒸馏,得到酮亚胺;
A2、向反应器B中加入0.1mol的异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯,向反应器B中通入氮气并搅拌加热,升温至68℃时,向反应器B中滴加20g的聚乙二醇(PEG400),控制滴加速率为0.5滴/s,滴加完毕后,继续反应10min,停止加热,冷却至室温后,得到预聚体;
A3、向反应器C中加入30mL的甲苯作为溶剂,向中搅拌加入23g的步骤A1制备的酮亚胺,向反应器C中通入氮气并搅拌加热,升温至68℃时,向反应器C中滴加步骤A2中制备的预聚体,控制滴加速率为0.5滴/s,滴加过程中,取少量产物滴定-NCO含量,至-NCO反应完全,停止滴加,继续反应1h,反应器C升温至80℃,向中加入10ml的去离子水,进行水解反应,继续反应6h后,得到粗产物,粗产物经减压蒸馏后,得到柔性固化剂。
实施例3
制备柔性固化剂:
A1、向反应器A中加入30mL的甲苯作为溶剂,向中搅拌加入0.25mol的甲基异丁基酮和1.0g的催化剂对甲苯磺酸,反应器升温至110℃后,向中滴加0.1mol的二乙烯三胺,搅拌反应4h,停止搅拌,减压蒸馏,得到酮亚胺;
A2、向反应器B中加入0.1mol的异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯,向反应器B中通入氮气并搅拌加热,升温至70℃时,向反应器B中滴加20g的聚乙二醇(PEG400),控制滴加速率为0.5滴/s,滴加完毕后,继续反应10min,停止加热,冷却至室温后,得到预聚体;
A3、向反应器C中加入30mL的甲苯作为溶剂,向中搅拌加入23g的步骤A1制备的酮亚胺,向反应器C中通入氮气并搅拌加热,升温至70℃时,向反应器C中滴加步骤A2中制备的预聚体,控制滴加速率为0.5滴/s,滴加过程中,取少量产物滴定-NCO含量,至-NCO反应完全,停止滴加,继续反应1h,反应器C升温至80℃,向中加入10ml的去离子水,进行水解反应,继续反应6h后,得到粗产物,粗产物经减压蒸馏后,得到柔性固化剂。
实施例4
制备双组份柔性环氧胶:
双组份柔性环氧胶,包括A组份和B组份;
所述A组分,以重量份计,包括如下原料:
其中,环氧树脂为环氧树脂E-44,环氧当量为250-300g/eq,粘度为30000-40000mPa·s;增强填料为滑石粉;增韧剂为端胺基丁腈橡胶;稀释剂为1,4-丁二醇二缩水甘油醚;消泡剂为消泡剂6800。
所述B组分,以重量份计,包括如下原料:
实施例1制备的柔性固化剂25份;
固化促进剂2份。
其中,固化促进剂为1-苄基苯-2-乙基咪唑。
双组份柔性环氧胶的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、按照重量份称取A组分的各原料,将环氧树脂、增韧剂、稀释剂、消泡剂按照加入反应器D中,在25℃条件下真空搅拌混合0.5h,然后向反应器D中加入增强填料,恒温真空搅拌混合0.5h,得到组分A;
S2、按照重量份称取A组分的各原料,将实施例1制备的柔性固化剂和固化促进剂加入到反应器E中,在25℃条件下真空搅拌混合1h,得到组分B。
实施例5
制备双组份柔性环氧胶:
双组份柔性环氧胶,包括A组份和B组份;
所述A组分,以重量份计,包括如下原料:
其中,环氧树脂为环氧树脂E-44,环氧当量为250-300g/eq,粘度为30000-40000mPa·s;增强填料为膨润土;增韧剂为端胺基丁腈橡胶;稀释剂为三羟甲基丙烷三缩水甘油醚;消泡剂为消泡剂CF-555。
所述B组分,以重量份计,包括如下原料:
实施例2制备的柔性固化剂35份;
固化促进剂6份;
所述固化促进剂为2-甲基咪唑。
双组份柔性环氧胶的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、按照重量份称取A组分的各原料,将环氧树脂、增韧剂、稀释剂、消泡剂按照加入反应器D中,在50℃条件下真空搅拌混合1h,然后向反应器D中加入增强填料,恒温真空搅拌混合1h,得到组分A;
S2、按照重量份称取A组分的各原料,将实施例2制备的柔性固化剂和固化促进剂加入到反应器E中,在50℃条件下真空搅拌混合2h,得到组分B。
实施例6
制备双组份柔性环氧胶:
双组份柔性环氧胶,包括A组份和B组份;
所述A组分,以重量份计,包括如下原料:
其中,环氧树脂为环氧树脂E-44,环氧当量为250-300g/eq,粘度为30000-40000mPa·s;增强填料为硅微粉;增韧剂为端胺基丁腈橡胶;稀释剂为新戊二醇二缩水甘油醚;消泡剂为消泡剂BYK-011。
所述B组分,以重量份计,包括如下原料:
实施例3制备的柔性固化剂40份;
固化促进剂12份。
所述固化促进剂为1-氨基乙基-2-甲基咪唑。
双组份柔性环氧胶的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、按照重量份称取A组分的各原料,将环氧树脂、增韧剂、稀释剂、消泡剂按照加入反应器D中,在60℃条件下真空搅拌混合1h,然后向反应器D中加入增强填料,恒温真空搅拌混合1h,得到组分A;
S2、按照重量份称取A组分的各原料,将实施例3制备的柔性固化剂和固化促进剂加入到反应器E中,在60℃条件下真空搅拌混合2h,得到组分B。
对比例1
对比例1为实施例5的对照组,将实施例5中的实施例2制备柔性固化剂替换为聚醚胺,聚醚胺的重均分子量为2000,EO/PO比为6/29,HLB值为2.8,其余原料及用量与对比例5保持不变,最终得到组分A和组分B。
对实施例4-实施例6和对比例1制备的双组份柔性环氧胶进行性能测试,检测过程如下,检测结果如表1所示:
a.分别检测实施例4、实施例5、实施例6和对比例1四组中的组分A和组分B的黏度,然后按照质量比2:1分别进行混合均匀,检测环氧胶的黏度、固含量、固化时间、柔韧性和附着力,具体检测标准如下:
黏度:用旋转粘度计进行测量,测试温度为(25±2)℃;
固含量:按GB/T15022.2-2007《电气绝缘用树脂基活性复合物第2部分:试验方法》中第11条测试;
固化时间:185℃/120s热态不粘。
柔韧性:固化物对搓50次不开裂,不脱落;
附着力:按照GB/T9286-1998《色漆和清漆划格试验》测试。
b.将实施例4、实施例5、实施例6和对比例1四组中的组分A和组分B按照质量比2:1分别进行混合均匀,得到四组双组份柔性环氧胶,喷涂在一片表面经过清洗烘干后的木板上,将涂胶面与另一片木板贴合,加压固化,得到胶合木板,检测胶合木板的性能。
表1
由表1可以看出,本发明实施例4-6制备的双组份柔性环氧胶的黏度适中、固化时间较短、涂膜外观光滑无缩孔,剥离强度适合,并且具有优异的柔韧性。
需要说明的是,在本文中,诸如术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含,从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素,而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素,或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (4)
1.一种双组份柔性环氧胶,其特征在于,包括A组份和B组份;
所述A组份,以重量份计,包括如下原料:
所述B组份,以重量份计,包括如下原料:
柔性固化剂 25-40份;
固化促进剂 2-12份;
所述环氧树脂为环氧树脂E-44,环氧当量为250-300g/eq,并且粘度为30000-40000mPa·s;
所述增强填料为滑石粉、膨润土和硅微粉中的一种;
所述增韧剂为端氨基丁腈橡胶;
所述稀释剂为1,4-丁二醇二缩水甘油醚、三羟甲基丙烷三缩水甘油醚、新戊二醇二缩水甘油醚中的一种;
所述柔性固化剂为利用酮胺法合成的柔性聚氨酯型胺类固化剂,并且所述柔性固化剂由以下步骤制备而成:
A1、向甲苯中搅拌加入甲基异丁基酮和对甲苯磺酸,升温至105-110℃后,向其中滴加二乙烯三胺,搅拌反应3.5-4h,停止搅拌,减压蒸馏,得到酮亚胺;
A2、向异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯中通入氮气并搅拌加热,升温至65-70℃时,向其中滴加聚乙二醇,控制滴加速率为0.5滴/s,滴加完毕后,继续反应10min,停止加热,冷却至室温后,得到预聚体;
A3、向甲苯中搅拌加入步骤A1制备的酮亚胺,向其中通入氮气并搅拌加热,升温至65-70℃时,向其中滴加步骤A2中制备的预聚体,控制滴加速率为0.5滴/s,滴加过程中,取少量产物滴定-NCO含量,至-NCO反应完全,停止滴加,继续反应1h,升温至80℃,向其中加入去离子水,继续反应6h后,得到粗产物,粗产物经减压蒸馏后,得到柔性固化剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种双组份柔性环氧胶,其特征在于,消泡剂为消泡剂6800、消泡剂CF-555和消泡剂BYK-011中的一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种双组份柔性环氧胶,其特征在于,所述固化促进剂为2-甲基咪唑和1-氨基乙基-2-甲基咪唑中一种。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的一种双组份柔性环氧胶的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1、按照重量份称取A组份的各原料,将环氧树脂、增韧剂、稀释剂、消泡剂,在25-60℃条件下真空搅拌混合0.5-1h,然后向其中加入增强填料,恒温真空搅拌混合0.5-1h,得到A组份;
S2、按照重量份称取B组份的各原料,将柔性固化剂和固化促进剂,在25-60℃条件下真空搅拌混合1-2h,得到B组份。
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