CN117340030A - Production method of battery shell for energy storage and battery shell for energy storage - Google Patents
Production method of battery shell for energy storage and battery shell for energy storage Download PDFInfo
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- CN117340030A CN117340030A CN202311337553.1A CN202311337553A CN117340030A CN 117340030 A CN117340030 A CN 117340030A CN 202311337553 A CN202311337553 A CN 202311337553A CN 117340030 A CN117340030 A CN 117340030A
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 84
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 84
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000000352 storage cell Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910016583 MnAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BNOODXBBXFZASF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].[S] Chemical compound [Na].[S] BNOODXBBXFZASF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
- B21C23/04—Making uncoated products by direct extrusion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
- B21C25/02—Dies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/054—Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
- H01M10/12—Construction or manufacture
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/18—Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
- H01M8/184—Regeneration by electrochemical means
- H01M8/188—Regeneration by electrochemical means by recharging of redox couples containing fluids; Redox flow type batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a production method of a battery shell for energy storage and the battery shell for energy storage, and the production method comprises the following steps: the method optimizes 3003 aluminum alloy components and grain structures through a casting process, improves extrudability of 3003 aluminum alloy, realizes one-step extrusion forming of a thin-wall (less than or equal to 0.8 mm), greatly simplifies production process flow and reduces production cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to a production method of a battery shell for energy storage and the battery shell for energy storage.
Background
Stored energy (stored energy) refers to the process of storing energy by a medium or device and releasing it when needed. According to the energy storage mode, the energy storage can be divided into three types of physical energy storage, chemical energy storage and electromagnetic energy storage, wherein the physical energy storage mainly comprises pumped storage, compressed air energy storage, flywheel energy storage and the like, the chemical energy storage mainly comprises lead-acid batteries, lithium ion batteries, sodium-sulfur batteries, flow batteries and the like, and the electromagnetic energy storage mainly comprises super capacitor energy storage and superconductive energy storage. Lithium ion battery energy storage is the current hottest energy storage mode.
At present, higher requirements are placed on the energy density of a battery system. There are two paths to increase battery energy density: firstly, the specific energy of the single battery cell is increased; and secondly, the structure of the battery pack is light. The specific energy of the single battery cell is improved, the technical difficulty is high, the research and development period is long, the investment is high, and compared with the conventional battery pack, the structure of the battery pack is light and easy to realize. In the prior art, a stamping forming method is generally adopted for the battery shell for energy storage, a punch press and an oil press are used for blanking and blanking an aluminum plate, then the aluminum plate is stretched for a plurality of times (7-8 times are usually needed), and the aluminum plate is tempered to remove stress.
Accordingly, there is a need for a method of producing a battery case for energy storage, which can reduce the thickness of the battery case while reducing the production process, thereby reducing the weight of the battery pack.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for producing a battery case for energy storage and a battery case for energy storage, which are used for shortening the production process, reducing the wall thickness, realizing the light weight of the structure of the battery pack, and improving the energy density of the battery.
In one aspect, the present invention provides a method for producing a battery case for energy storage, comprising:
a step of preparing an aluminum melt comprising:
providing a master alloy, and controlling the mass percentage of each component in the master alloy: 0.06% -0.2% of Si, less than 0.05% of Mg, 0.3% -0.45% of Fe, 0.10% -0.18% of Cu, 1.06% -1.20% of Mn, less than 0.10% of Cr, less than 0.05% of Ti, less than 0.05% of Zn and the balance of Al;
providing a furnace burden, wherein the furnace burden comprises 20% -80% of electrolytic aluminum liquid, less than or equal to 50% of compound aluminum liquid and less than or equal to 10% of compound ingot, and further comprises waste materials generated in the process of manufacturing a battery shell for energy storage;
putting the furnace burden into a smelting furnace for smelting, controlling the smelting temperature to be 720-760 ℃, and adding intermediate alloy when the furnace burden is molten to 730-750 ℃; refining and standing to obtain an aluminum melt; the aluminum melt is subjected to SNIF online treatment and filtration, and the hydrogen content of the aluminum melt is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.16ml/100g.Al, the Na content is controlled to be less than or equal to 2ppm and the Ca content is controlled to be less than or equal to 3ppm;
casting, namely cooling the aluminum melt to form an aluminum rod;
homogenizing, wherein the homogenizing temperature is 620 ℃ plus 5 ℃/6 hours;
the step of extruding and forming once to obtain the battery shell for energy storage comprises the following steps: extruding the aluminum bar through a die to produce a battery shell for energy storage;
quenching and cooling;
and straightening, namely straightening and adjusting the shell of the energy storage battery.
Optionally, in the step of extruding and forming to obtain the battery shell for energy storage, the temperature of the extruding cylinder is 400 ℃ +/-20 ℃, the temperature of the die is 470 ℃ +/-10 ℃, the heating temperature of the aluminum bar is 450 ℃ -550 ℃, the extrusion adopts constant-speed extrusion, the filling pressure is less than or equal to 110bar, the limiting pressure of the main cylinder is less than or equal to 260bar, the gradient of the breakthrough pressure is less than or equal to 5sec, the attenuation ratio of the extrusion speed is-15% -5%, the length of the extruding bar is 500mm-1000mm, and the speed of the extruding bar is 3.0mm/s-7.0mm/s.
Optionally, in the quenching and cooling step, the quenching mode is air cooling, and the temperature of the energy storage battery shell after cooling is less than or equal to 250 ℃.
Optionally, the straightening requirement is that the error is within 0.5% -1%.
Optionally, the mass fraction of the waste is 80% or less when the waste is 1 grade waste, and 20% or less when the waste is 2 grade waste.
Optionally, the step of preparing the aluminum melt further comprises smelting sampling, wherein the temperature of smelting sampling is 725-745 ℃.
Optionally, in the step of preparing the aluminum melt, the refining temperature is 725-740 ℃, and the standing time is more than or equal to 30min.
Optionally, a mixed gas of argon and chlorine is adopted in the refining step, and the chlorine amount is 2% -5%; refining time is 40min-60min.
Optionally, in the casting step, the aluminum melt is injected into an ingot, the aluminum melt is cooled by a crystallizer to form an aluminum rod, the casting starting temperature is 670-700 ℃, the casting starting speed is 135-175 mm/min, the intermediate casting temperature is 680-710 ℃, the intermediate casting speed is 130-170 mm/min, the water inlet temperature is 15-45 ℃, and the water flow rate is 590m < 3 >/h +/-100 m < 3 >/h.
Alternatively, the filtration is CFF bipolar plate filtration.
The invention also provides a battery shell for energy storage, which is manufactured by the production method, and the wall thickness of the shell is less than or equal to 0.8mm.
Optionally, the size of the crystal grains in the shell is less than or equal to 100 μm.
Alternatively, the housing is circular or rectangular.
Optionally, the thickness of the shell is unequal, and the thickness of the middle part of the shell is greater than the thickness of the edge of the shell.
Compared with the prior art, the production method of the battery shell for energy storage and the battery shell for energy storage provided by the invention have the advantages that at least the following beneficial effects are realized:
according to the production method of the battery shell for energy storage, disclosed by the invention, the battery shell for energy storage is produced by adopting a mode of extruding and forming the aluminum bar through the die for one time, so that the production procedure is shortened, the flow is shortened, the energy consumption is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, and the manufacturing cost is correspondingly reduced;
in the step of manufacturing the aluminum melt, the mass percentages of all components in the intermediate alloy are controlled: 0.06% -0.2% of Si, less than 0.05% of Mg, 0.3% -0.45% of Fe, 0.10% -0.18% of Cu, 1.06% -1.20% of Mn, less than 0.10% of Cr, less than 0.05% of Ti, less than 0.05% of Zn and the balance of Al, the invention optimally adjusts the content of Mn element in the alloy, mn can increase the strength of the alloy, the content of Mn element is controlled to be 1.06% -1.20%, a large amount of brittle compound MnAl6 can be prevented from being formed, and the alloy is easy to crack in the extrusion forming process; the invention controls the content of Fe element in the alloy to be 0.3-0.45%, and chain-shaped Fe phase is spheroidized after high-temperature homogenization, thus being capable of promoting the recrystallization of particles; the invention reduces the content of Si element in the alloy, and because Si is an impurity, the impurity Si can increase the hot cracking tendency of the alloy and reduce the casting performance, so the invention reduces the content of Si element and can improve the casting performance; the grain structure prepared by the invention is compact.
The battery shell for energy storage manufactured by the method has compact grain structure and grain size of less than or equal to 100 mu m, so that the wall thickness of the shell after one-time extrusion molding is smaller and less than or equal to 0.8mm, thereby realizing the light weight of the structure of the battery pack and improving the energy density of the battery.
Of course, it is not necessary for any one product embodying the invention to achieve all of the technical effects described above at the same time.
Other features of the present invention and its advantages will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for producing a battery case for energy storage according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a battery case for energy storage according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a battery case for energy storage according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a battery case for energy storage according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a scanning electron microscope image of a die in a housing.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless it is specifically stated otherwise.
The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart of a production method of a battery case for energy storage according to the present invention, and the production method in fig. 1 includes the following steps:
s1, preparing an aluminum melt, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps of:
s11, providing a master alloy, and controlling the mass percentages of all components in the master alloy: 0.06% -0.2% of Si, less than 0.05% of Mg, 0.3% -0.45% of Fe, 0.10% -0.18% of Cu, 1.06% -1.20% of Mn, less than 0.10% of Cr, less than 0.05% of Ti, less than 0.05% of Zn and the balance of Al;
s12, providing a furnace burden, wherein the furnace burden comprises 20% -80% of electrolytic aluminum liquid, less than or equal to 50% of compound aluminum liquid and less than or equal to 10% of compound ingot, and further comprises waste materials generated in the process of manufacturing a battery shell for energy storage;
s13, placing the furnace burden into a smelting furnace for smelting, controlling the smelting temperature to be 720-760 ℃, and adding intermediate alloy when the furnace burden is molten to 730-750 ℃; refining and standing to obtain an aluminum melt; the aluminum melt is subjected to SNIF online treatment and filtration, and the hydrogen content of the aluminum melt is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.16ml/100g.Al, the Na content is controlled to be less than or equal to 2ppm and the Ca content is controlled to be less than or equal to 3ppm;
s2, casting, namely cooling the aluminum melt to form an aluminum rod;
s3, homogenizing, wherein the homogenizing temperature is 620 ℃ plus 5 ℃/6 hours;
s4, extruding and forming to obtain the battery shell for energy storage at one time, wherein the step comprises the following steps: extruding the aluminum bar through a die to produce a battery shell for energy storage;
s5, quenching and cooling;
s6, straightening, namely straightening and adjusting the shell of the battery for energy storage to enable the size and the straightness to meet the requirements.
Specifically, in step S1, the step of preparing the aluminum melt may be performed simultaneously, or may be performed after step S11 is performed before step S12 is performed, or may be performed after step S12 is performed before step S11 is performed.
Alternatively, the mass percentage of Si may be 0.06%, 0.07%, 0.08%, 0.09%, 0.1%, 0.11%, 0.12%0.13%, 0.14%, 0.15%, 0.16%, 0.17%, 0.18%, 0.19%, or 0.2%. Optionally, the mass percentage of Si is 0.06% -0.08%. The invention reduces the content of Si element in the alloy, and because Si is an impurity, the impurity Si can increase the hot cracking tendency of the alloy and reduce the casting performance, so the invention greatly reduces the mass percent of Si element, thereby improving the casting performance. Alternatively, the mass percent of Mg may be 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04%, or 0.05%, the mass percent of Mn may be 1.06%, 1.07%, 1.08%, 1.09%, 1.1%, 1.11%, 1.12%, 1.13%, 1.14%, 1.15%, 1.16%, 1.17%, 1.18%, 1.19%, 1.20%, and preferably, the mass percent of Mn is 1.11% -1.2%, it being understood that Mg may increase the tensile strength of the alloy, mn may supplement strengthening, and the tensile strength increases by about 34MPa per 1% Mg increase. Of course, if Mn is added at 1% or less, the strengthening effect may be supplemented. Therefore, the content of Mg can be reduced after Mn is added, namely, the higher the content of Mn is, the content of Mg can be correspondingly reduced, of course, mn can reduce the hot cracking tendency, and in addition, mn can also lead to Mg 5 Al 8 The compounds precipitate on average, improving the corrosion resistance. According to the invention, the content of Mn element in the alloy is optimally regulated, mn can increase the strength of the alloy, the content of Mn element is controlled to be 1.06% -1.20%, a large amount of brittle compound MnAl6 can be prevented from being formed, and the alloy is easy to crack in the extrusion forming process due to the large amount of brittle compound MnAl 6; the invention controls the content of Fe element in the alloy to be 0.3-0.45%, and chain-shaped Fe phase is spheroidized after high-temperature homogenization, thus being capable of promoting the recrystallization of particles.
In the invention, the components of the intermediate alloy (aluminum alloy) are controlled, and the mass percentages of the components in the intermediate alloy are controlled: 0.06% -0.2% of Si, less than 0.05% of Mg, 0.3% -0.45% of Fe, 0.10% -0.18% of Cu, 1.06% -1.20% of Mn, less than 0.10% of Cr, less than 0.05% of Ti, less than 0.05% of Zn and the balance of Al, and the shell manufactured according to the mass percentage has compact grain structure and can improve the extrudability of the final aluminum bar.
According to the invention, the components and grain structures of the 3003 aluminum alloy are optimized through the casting process, so that the extrudability of the 3003 aluminum alloy is improved, the one-step extrusion forming of the thin-wall (less than or equal to 0.8 mm) battery shell is realized, the production process flow is greatly simplified, and the production cost is reduced.
In the step S12, a furnace burden is provided, wherein the furnace burden comprises 20% -80% of electrolytic aluminum liquid, less than or equal to 50% of compound aluminum liquid or less than or equal to 10% of compound ingot, and the furnace burden also comprises waste materials generated in the process of manufacturing the battery shell for energy storage;
specifically, when the burden includes electrolytic aluminum liquid, the mass of solid material of the electrolytic aluminum liquid is between 20% and 80%, for example, the mass of solid material of the electrolytic aluminum liquid is 20%, 25%, 30%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, when the burden includes the compound aluminum liquid, the mass of solid material of the compound aluminum liquid can be 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, when the burden includes a compound ingot, the mass of solid material in the compound ingot can be 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, and the burden can also include waste materials, which are waste materials generated in the process of manufacturing the battery case for energy storage, of course, the cost can be reduced advantageously. The total amount of solid materials in the furnace burden is required to be more than 20%.
In the above step S13, the purpose of smelting is: and melting the solid furnace burden to obtain an aluminum alloy melt with chemical components meeting the requirements. Specifically, the furnace burden is put into a smelting furnace to be melted, the smelting temperature is controlled to be 720 ℃ to 760 ℃, for example, the smelting temperature can be 720 ℃, 725 ℃, 730 ℃, 735 ℃, 740 ℃, 745 ℃, 750 ℃, 755 ℃ and 760 ℃, and when the furnace burden is melted to 730 ℃ to 750 ℃, for example, the furnace burden is melted to 730 ℃, 735 ℃, 740 ℃, 745 ℃, 750 ℃, and the master alloy is added; refining and standing to obtain an aluminum melt; the aluminum melt is subjected to SNIF on-line treatment and filtration, and the hydrogen content of the aluminum melt is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.16ml/100g.Al, the Na content is controlled to be less than or equal to 2ppm and the Ca content is controlled to be less than or equal to 3ppm.
It will be appreciated that the casting step of the present invention may take the form of prior art structures, and is not specifically limited herein. The crystallizer is specific can be hollow cylindrical fretwork district, and the aluminium fuse-element is poured into hollow cylindrical fretwork district into, and the crystallizer has inner wall and outer wall, can pour into coolant into between inner wall and the outer wall, and coolant can be water into, cools off after the aluminium fuse-element pours into hollow cylindrical fretwork district into, forms the aluminium bar from this.
In the step S3, the purpose of homogenization is to lead the unbalanced eutectic structure in the aluminum bar to be distributed in the matrix to be uniform, the supersaturated solid solution elements are separated out from the solid solution, the stress of the aluminum bar is eliminated, and the structure and the performance of the processed product are improved.
In step S4 of the present invention, the step of extruding the aluminum bar to produce the target energy storage battery case is performed by extrusion once to form the energy storage battery case, wherein the die is determined according to the shape of the target energy storage battery case.
In the prior art, a stamping forming method is generally adopted for the battery shell for energy storage, a punch press and an oil press are used for blanking and blanking an aluminum plate, then the aluminum plate is subjected to multiple stretching (7-8 times are usually needed), and tempering is performed to remove stress.
The invention also comprises a quenching cooling step S5 and a straightening step S6, so that the size and straightness of the quality of the produced battery shell for energy storage meet the requirements, the product percent of pass is higher, and the product percent of pass can reach more than 99 percent.
Compared with the prior art, the production method of the battery shell for energy storage provided by the invention has the advantages that at least the following beneficial effects are realized:
in the step of manufacturing the aluminum melt, the mass percentages of all components in the intermediate alloy are controlled: 0.06% -0.2% of Si, less than 0.05% of Mg, 0.3% -0.45% of Fe, 0.10% -0.18% of Cu, 1.06% -1.20% of Mn, less than 0.10% of Cr, less than 0.05% of Ti, less than 0.05% of Zn and the balance of Al, the invention optimally adjusts the content of Mn element in the alloy, mn can increase the strength of the alloy, the content of Mn element is controlled to be 1.06% -1.20%, a large amount of brittle compound MnAl6 can be prevented from being formed, and the alloy is easy to crack in the extrusion forming process; the invention controls the content of Fe element in the alloy to be 0.3-0.45%, and chain-shaped Fe phase is spheroidized after high-temperature homogenization, thus being capable of promoting the recrystallization of particles; the invention reduces the content of Si element in the alloy, and because Si is an impurity, the impurity Si can increase the hot cracking tendency of the alloy and reduce the casting performance, so the invention reduces the content of Si element and can improve the casting performance; the grain structure prepared by the invention is compact.
According to the invention, the aluminum bar is extruded through the die to form the battery shell for energy storage at one time, so that the production process is shortened, the flow is shortened, the energy consumption is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, and the manufacturing cost is correspondingly reduced.
In some alternative embodiments, with continued reference to fig. 1, in step S4 of extrusion once to obtain the battery case for energy storage, the temperature of the extrusion barrel is 400 ℃ ± 20 ℃, the die temperature is 470 ℃ ± 10 ℃, the aluminum bar heating temperature is 450 ℃ -550 ℃, constant-speed extrusion is adopted for extrusion, the filling pressure is less than or equal to 110bar, the master cylinder limiting pressure is less than or equal to 260bar, the break-through pressure slope is less than or equal to 5sec, the extrusion speed attenuation ratio is-15% -5%, the length of the extrusion bar is 500mm-1000mm, and the extrusion rod speed is 3.0mm/S-7.0mm/S.
The temperature of the extrusion vessel may be any temperature value between 380 ℃ and 420 ℃, for example 380 ℃, 390 ℃, 400 ℃, 410 ℃, 420 ℃.
The temperature of the extrusion cylinder is in the temperature range, which is favorable for prolonging the service life of equipment, and meanwhile, the temperature of the aluminum bar can be ensured not to be too low at 380-420 ℃.
The mold temperature may be any temperature value between 460 ℃ and 480 ℃, for example, 460 ℃, 470 ℃, 480 ℃.
The temperature of the die is set in the temperature range, so that the die has good performance, the extrusion difficulty is increased when the temperature is lower than the standard (460 ℃), and the surface quality of a die working belt exceeding the standard (480 ℃) is poor.
The heating temperature of the aluminum rod may be any temperature value between 450 ℃ and 550 ℃, for example, 450 ℃, 460 ℃, 470 ℃, 480 ℃, 490 ℃, 500 ℃, 510 ℃, 520 ℃, 530 ℃, 540 ℃, 550 ℃. The heating temperature of the aluminum bar can meet the performance requirement in the range, the extrusion difficulty is high when the temperature of the aluminum bar is lower than the standard (450 ℃) requirement, the requirement exceeds the standard (550 ℃) requirement, and the surface quality of the product is poor.
When the filling pressure is less than or equal to 110bar, for example, the filling pressure is 110-130bar, the filling pressure is small, the gas remains in the extrusion cylinder, the filling pressure is large, and the service life of the equipment is influenced.
The master cylinder limiting pressure was 260bar, which is an intrinsic parameter of the device.
The break-through pressure gradient is 5sec, which is lower than the standard, the product is cracked, exceeds the standard, and the extrusion productivity is low.
The extrusion speed decay ratio is-15% to-5%, for example, -15%, -14%, -13%, -12%, -11%, -10%, -9%, -8%, -7%, -6%, -5%, -4%, -3%, -2%, -1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%. The extrusion speed attenuation is more than-5%, the product is easy to crack, the extrusion speed attenuation is less than-15%, and the extrusion productivity is low.
The length of the extrusion rod is 500mm-1000mm, for example, the extrusion rod can be 500mm, 600mm, 700mm, 800mm, 900mm, 1000mm. The extrusion bar length was less than 500mm, the extrusion capacity was low, and the extrusion apparatus allowed the longest bar length to be 1000mm.
The extrusion rod speed is 3.0mm/s-7.0mm/s, for example, the extrusion rod speed can be 3.0mm/s, 4.0mm/s, 5.0mm/s, 6.0mm/s, 7.0mm/s. The extrusion rod speed is lower than 3.0mm, the productivity is low and higher than 7.mm/s, the surface quality of the product is poor, and cracks are easy to generate.
The invention adopts reasonable process conditions, and can manufacture the battery shell for energy storage through one-step extrusion molding, thereby simplifying the process flow and reducing the production cost.
In some alternative embodiments, in the step of quenching, the quenching mode is air cooling, and the temperature of the battery shell for energy storage after cooling is less than or equal to 250 ℃.
Specifically, the quenching method may be cooling with strong wind, and after cooling with strong wind, the temperature of the energy storage battery case is required to be reduced below 250 ℃, for example, the temperature of the energy storage battery case is between 200 ℃ and 250 ℃, such as 200 ℃, 210 ℃, 220 ℃, 230 ℃, 240 ℃, 250 ℃, or any value between 200 ℃ and 250 ℃. The temperature of the battery shell for energy storage after cooling is higher than 250 ℃, the product performance is unqualified, and the extrusion efficiency is low. The temperature of the battery shell for energy storage after cooling is less than or equal to 250 ℃, the qualification rate of the product characteristics is high, and the extrusion efficiency is high.
In some alternative embodiments, in connection with fig. 1, the straightening requirement is that the error be within 0.5% -1%.
The straightening requirement may be 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, or 1%,
the required error of straightening is lower than 0.5%, the product cannot be straightened, the size is easy to be unqualified, the required error of straightening is higher than 1%, and orange peel is easy to generate on the surface.
In some alternative embodiments, the mass fraction of scrap is 80% or less for grade 1 scrap and 20% or less for grade 2 scrap.
The waste materials in the invention are classified into 1-grade waste materials and 2-grade waste materials, wherein the mass fraction of the 1-grade waste materials is less than or equal to 80%, for example, the 1-grade waste materials can be cast stub bars, launder waste materials, cast ingot crop ends, tail end cutting and scrapped cast ingots, extruded stubs, stub bars with the length of more than 200mm, die samples, low-power samples, oxidized products and the like, and the mass fraction of the 2-grade waste materials is less than or equal to 20%, for example, the waste materials can be metals in waste residues, machined aluminum scraps and the like. Waste materials in workshops can be utilized to realize waste utilization, and cost is reduced.
In some alternative embodiments, a smelting sample is also included in the step of preparing the aluminum melt, the smelting sample having a temperature of 725 ℃ to 745 ℃.
It will be appreciated that the purpose of the smelting sampling is to detect whether the chemical composition meets standard requirements.
Alternatively, the smelting sampling temperature may be 725 ℃, 730 ℃, 735 ℃, 740 ℃, 745 ℃, or any value between 725 ℃ and 745 ℃, which is not particularly limited herein.
When the smelting sampling temperature is lower than 725 ℃, insufficient smelting is performed, and when the smelting sampling temperature is higher than 745 ℃, fuel is consumed, and the product is easy to absorb hydrogen.
In some alternative embodiments, during the step of preparing the aluminum melt, the refining temperature is between 725 ℃ and 740 ℃ and the time of rest is greater than or equal to 30 minutes.
It will be appreciated that the purpose of refining is to remove oxide inclusions, gases, from the melt.
The temperature of refining is between 725 deg.c and 740 deg.c, for example 725 deg.c, 730 deg.c, 735 deg.c and 740 deg.c.
The refining temperature is lower than 725 ℃, the refining is insufficient, the refining temperature is higher than 740 ℃, the fuel is lost, and the product is easy to absorb hydrogen.
The time of standing is more than or equal to 30min, the longer the time of standing is, the more thoroughly oxide inclusions and gases in the melt are removed, and of course, the time of standing cannot be too long, the production efficiency is reduced, and the production beat is affected.
In some alternative embodiments, a mixed gas of argon and chlorine is adopted in the refining step, and the chlorine amount is 2% -5%; refining time is 40min-60min.
The amount of chlorine may be 2%, 3%, 4%, or 5%. The refining time can be 40min, 45min, 50min, 55min, 60min.
It is understood that the refining aims at removing oxide inclusions and gas in the melt, and the refining time is 40-60 min, so that the oxide inclusions and gas in the melt can be thoroughly removed, and the production efficiency is not reduced due to overlong time.
Chlorine is harmful gas, exceeds the standard, is harmful to human body, is easy to corrode equipment, is lower than the standard, and has no refining effect. The chlorine amount is 2% -5%, equipment is not easy to corrode, and the refining effect can be achieved.
In some alternative embodiments, with continued reference to FIG. 1, in the casting step, an aluminum melt is injected into the ingot, the aluminum melt is cooled by a crystallizer to form an aluminum bar, the temperature of the initial casting is 670-700 ℃, the initial casting speed is 135-175 mm/min, the intermediate casting temperature is 680-710 ℃, the intermediate casting speed is 130-170 mm/min, the water inlet temperature is 15-45 ℃, and the water flow rate is 590m 3 /h±100m 3 /h。
The temperature at which casting is started is 670-700 ℃, for example 670 ℃, 680 ℃, 690 ℃, 700 ℃.
The temperature for starting casting is lower than 670 ℃, casting is insufficient, the temperature for starting casting is higher than 700 ℃, and grains are easy to be coarse.
The casting speed is from 135mm/min to 175mm/min, for example, the casting speed can be 135mm/min, 140mm/min, 145mm/min, 150mm/min, 155mm/min, 160mm/min, 165mm/min, 170mm/min, 175mm/min.
The casting speed is low, the efficiency is low, the casting speed is too high, the product surface quality is poor, and the casting speed is from 135mm/min to 175mm/min in the embodiment, so that the casting efficiency can be ensured, and the product surface quality can be ensured.
The intermediate casting temperature is 680-710 ℃, for example, the intermediate casting temperature may be 680 ℃, 690 ℃, 700 ℃, 710 ℃.
The intermediate casting speed is 130mm/min-170mm/min, for example, the intermediate casting speed can be 130mm/min, 135mm/min, 140mm/min, 145mm/min, 150mm/min, 155mm/min, 160mm/min, 165mm/min, 170mm/min. The casting speed is slow, the efficiency is low, the casting speed exceeds the standard, the product surface quality is poor, in this embodiment, the middle casting speed is 130mm/min-170mm/min, the casting efficiency can be ensured, and the product surface quality can be ensured.
The water temperature of the inlet water is 15-45 ℃, for example, 15 ℃, 20 ℃, 25 ℃, 30 ℃, 35 ℃, 40 ℃ and 45 ℃. The water temperature is lower than 15 ℃, the cost is increased, the water temperature exceeds 45 ℃, and the cooling effect is poor.
The water flow is 590m 3 /h±100m 3 The water flow rate of the water/h is 490m 3 /h to 590m 3 Any value between/h, for example 490m 3 /h、500m 3 /h、500m 3 /h、520m 3 /h、530m 3 /h、540m 3 /h、550m 3 /h、560m 3 /h、570m 3 /h、580m 3 /h、590m 3 And/h. The water flow is lower than the standard, the cooling effect is poor, and the water flow exceeds the standard, so that the water flow is easy to generateAnd (5) cracking.
The aluminum bar meeting the requirements can be cast through a reasonable manufacturing process.
In some alternative embodiments, with continued reference to fig. 1, the filtration is CFF bipolar plate filtration.
The invention adopts SNIF degassing on-line treatment, CFF bipolar plate type filtering can be adopted for filtering, and CFF can adopt 30PPi+50PPi, so that impurities and hydrogen in aluminum liquid can be removed, and the purity of melt is improved.
Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention further provides a battery case for energy storage, which is manufactured by the manufacturing method of any one of the embodiments described above, referring to fig. 2 to 5, fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the battery case for energy storage provided by the present invention, fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the battery case for energy storage provided by the present invention, fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the battery case for energy storage provided by the present invention, fig. 5 is a scanning electron microscope image of crystal grains in the case, and a wall thickness of the case is less than or equal to 0.8mm.
It should be noted that the dimensions in fig. 2 to 4 are only schematically illustrated, and are not limiting to the actual product. Of course, the wall thickness of the shell manufactured by the invention is smaller and smaller than or equal to 0.8mm, and the minimum can reach 0.45mm. The wall thickness of the shell is less than or equal to 0.8mm, so that the structure of the battery pack can be lightened, and the energy density of the battery can be improved.
Optionally, the size of the grains in the shell is 100 μm or less.
The size of the crystal grain in the shell is less than or equal to 100 mu m, and the crystal grain structure is compact, so that the wall thickness of the shell after one-time extrusion molding is smaller, and the wall thickness of the shell is less than or equal to 0.8mm, thereby realizing the light weight of the structure of the battery pack and improving the energy density of the battery.
In some alternative embodiments, referring to fig. 2-4, the housing is circular or rectangular.
The housing in fig. 2 and 3 is rectangular and in fig. 4 the housing is circular.
The battery shell for energy storage manufactured by the method has compact grain structure and high strength and tensile property because the grain size is less than or equal to 100 mu m, and the shell after one-time extrusion molding can be manufactured into different shapes, such as rectangle or circle, according to the requirements, so that the product diversification can be realized.
In some alternative embodiments, with continued reference to FIG. 2, the thickness of the shell is not equal, with the thickness of the shell at the center being greater than the thickness at the edges of the shell.
The thickness of the housing in fig. 3 is equal. In fig. 2, the thickness of the shell is different, the thickness of the middle part of the shell is larger than that of the edge of the shell, and although the thickness of the edge of the shell is smaller, the strength requirement of the shell can be still ensured because of compact grain structure in the invention, and the structure of the battery pack can be further lightened because of the smaller thickness of the edge of the shell, so that the energy density of the battery is improved.
Cell shell for energy storage in the prior art and cell shell comparison table for energy storage
| Prior Art | The invention is that |
| Stamping multiple passes | Extrusion one-step molding |
| Wall thickness of more than 0.8mm | The wall thickness is below 0.8mm |
| Grain size: > 160 μm | Grain size: less than or equal to 100 mu m |
The technical effects of the present invention will be described below with reference to examples 1 to 3.
Example 1:
the process comprises the following steps: smelting-casting-homogenizing-extrusion
1. And (3) casting:
1.1 casting according to internal control chemical composition, the chemical composition is as follows:
the actual measurement results of the chemical compositions in this example are shown in the following table:
1.2 smelting temperature: 725-745 deg.C;
1.3 adding component additives when the furnace burden is melted to 730 ℃;
1.4 smelting and sampling temperature is 730 ℃;
1.5 refining temperature 735 ℃, standing time: 30min;
1.6, refining by using gas, wherein the refining gas is argon, and the refining time is 30min;
1.7 on-line treatment: adopting SNIF degassing on-line treatment, and performing CFF bipolar plate filtration (30PPi+50PPi);
1.8 Metallurgical quality control
H content: 0.12ml/100g.Al;
na content: 1.5ppm;
ca content: 2.2ppm;
2. casting:
2.1 ingot casting specification: phi 127mm;
2.2 casting start temperature: 680 deg.c;
2.3 intermediate casting temperature: 690 deg.c;
2.4 start casting speed: 145mm/min;
2.5 intermediate casting speed: 150mm/min;
2.6 water inlet temperature: t=20 ℃;
2.7 water flow rate: 550m3/h;
3. homogenizing: 622 ℃,6H, and forced air cooling.
4. Extrusion
4.1 extrusion apparatus: 1100T;
4.2 setting the temperature of the extrusion cylinder: 400 ℃;
4.3 die temperature set up: 470 ℃;
4.4 aluminium bar heating temperature: 460 ℃;
4.5 extrusion adopts constant-speed extrusion, the filling pressure is set to be 110bar, the master cylinder limiting pressure is 260bar, and the breakthrough pressure inclination is set: 5sec, extrusion speed decay ratio: -10% extrusion bar length: 600mm, extrusion rod speed: 7.0mm/s;
4.6 quenching mode: cooling by wind;
4.7 straightening: 0.7%;
4.8 grain size detection: 90 μm.
The energy storage battery case is shown in fig. 2.
Example 2:
the process comprises the following steps: smelting-casting-homogenizing-extrusion
And (3) casting:
1.1 casting according to internal control chemical composition, the chemical composition is as follows:
the actual measurement results of the chemical components are shown in the following table:
1.2 smelting temperature: 740 DEG C
1.3 adding component additives when the furnace burden is melted to 735 ℃;
1.4 smelting and sampling temperature is 735 ℃;
1.5 refining temperature 735 ℃, standing time: for 40min;
1.6, refining by using gas, wherein the refining gas is argon, and the refining time is 35min;
1.7 on-line treatment: adopting SNIF degassing on-line treatment, and performing CFF bipolar plate filtration (30PPi+50PPi);
1.8 Metallurgical quality control
H content: 0.13ml/100g. Al
Na content: 1.8ppm
Ca content: 2.5ppm;
2. casting:
2.1 ingot casting specification: phi 127mm;
2.2 casting start temperature: 685 ℃;
2.3 intermediate casting temperature: 695 ℃;
2.4 start casting speed: 155mm/min;
2.5 intermediate casting speed: 160mm/min;
2.6 water inlet temperature: t=20 ℃;
2.7 water flow rate: 580m3/h.
3. Homogenizing: 618 ℃,6H, and strong air cooling.
4. Extrusion
4.1 setting the temperature of the extrusion cylinder: 400 ℃;
4.2 die temperature set up: 475 deg.c;
4.3 aluminium bar heating temperature: 470 ℃;
4.4 extrusion adopts constant-speed extrusion, the filling pressure is set to be 110bar, the master cylinder limiting pressure is 260bar, and the breakthrough pressure inclination is set: 5sec, extrusion speed decay ratio: -5% extrusion bar length: 800mm, extrusion rod speed: 5.0mm/s;
4.5 quenching mode: cooling by wind;
4.6 straightening: 0.7%;
4.7 grain size detection: 90 μm.
The energy storage battery case is shown in fig. 3.
Example 3:
the process comprises the following steps: smelting-casting-homogenizing-extrusion
And (3) casting:
1.1 casting according to internal control chemical composition, the chemical composition is as follows:
the actual measurement results of the chemical components are shown in the following table:
1.2 smelting temperature: 745 deg.c;
1.3 adding component additives when the furnace burden is melted to 740 ℃;
1.4 smelting and sampling temperature is 735 ℃;
1.5 refining temperature 735 ℃, standing time: 35min;
1.6, refining by using gas, wherein the refining gas is argon, and the refining time is 40min;
1.7 on-line treatment: adopting SNIF degassing on-line treatment, and performing CFF bipolar plate filtration (30PPi+50PPi);
1.8 Metallurgical quality control
H content: 0.11ml/100g.Al;
na content: 1.7ppm;
ca content: 2.8ppm.
2. Casting:
2.1 ingot casting specification: phi 127mm;
2.2 casting start temperature: 695 ℃;
2.3 intermediate casting temperature: 700 ℃;
2.4 start casting speed: 152mm/min;
2.5 intermediate casting speed: 160mm/min;
2.6 water inlet temperature: t=20 ℃;
2.7 water flow rate: 600m3/h
3. Homogenizing:
620 ℃ 6H, strong air cooling
4. Extrusion
4.1 setting the temperature of the extrusion cylinder: 400 ℃;
4.2 die temperature set up: 475 deg.c;
4.3 aluminium bar heating temperature: 500 ℃;
4.4 extrusion adopts constant-speed extrusion, the filling pressure is set to be 110bar, the master cylinder limiting pressure is 260bar, and the breakthrough pressure inclination is set: 5sec, extrusion speed decay ratio: -5% extrusion bar length: 750mm, extrusion rod speed: 5.5mm/s;
4.5 quenching mode: cooling by wind;
4.6 straightening: 0.7%;
4.7 grain size detection: 88 μm.
The energy storage battery case is shown in fig. 4.
According to the embodiment, the production method of the battery shell for energy storage and the battery shell for energy storage provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
according to the production method of the battery shell for energy storage, disclosed by the invention, the battery shell for energy storage is produced by adopting a mode of extruding and forming the aluminum bar through the die for one time, so that the production procedure is shortened, the flow is shortened, the energy consumption is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, and the manufacturing cost is correspondingly reduced;
in the step of manufacturing the aluminum melt, the mass percentages of all components in the intermediate alloy are controlled: 0.06% -0.2% of Si, less than 0.05% of Mg, 0.3% -0.45% of Fe, 0.10% -0.18% of Cu, 1.06% -1.20% of Mn, less than 0.10% of Cr, less than 0.05% of Ti, less than 0.05% of Zn and the balance of Al, the invention optimally adjusts the content of Mn element in the alloy, mn can increase the strength of the alloy, the content of Mn element is controlled to be 1.06% -1.20%, a large amount of brittle compound MnAl6 can be prevented from being formed, and the alloy is easy to crack in the extrusion forming process; the invention controls the content of Fe element in the alloy to be 0.3-0.45%, and chain-shaped Fe phase is spheroidized after high-temperature homogenization, thus being capable of promoting the recrystallization of particles; the invention reduces the content of Si element in the alloy, and because Si is an impurity, the impurity Si can increase the hot cracking tendency of the alloy and reduce the casting performance, so the invention reduces the content of Si element and can improve the casting performance; the grain structure prepared by the invention is compact.
The battery shell for energy storage manufactured by the method has compact grain structure and grain size of less than or equal to 100 mu m, so that the wall thickness of the shell after one-time extrusion molding is smaller and less than or equal to 0.8mm, thereby realizing the light weight of the structure of the battery pack and improving the energy density of the battery.
While certain specific embodiments of the invention have been described in detail by way of example, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (14)
1. A method of producing a battery case for energy storage, comprising:
a step of preparing an aluminum melt comprising:
providing a master alloy, and controlling the mass percentages of all components in the master alloy: 0.06% -0.2% of Si, less than 0.05% of Mg, 0.3% -0.45% of Fe, 0.10% -0.18% of Cu, 1.06% -1.20% of Mn, less than 0.10% of Cr, less than 0.05% of Ti, less than 0.05% of Zn and the balance of Al;
providing a furnace burden, wherein the furnace burden comprises 20% -80% of electrolytic aluminum liquid, less than or equal to 50% of compound aluminum liquid and less than or equal to 10% of compound ingot, and further comprises waste materials generated in the process of manufacturing the battery shell for energy storage;
the furnace burden is put into a smelting furnace to be melted, the smelting temperature is controlled to be 720 ℃ to 760 ℃, and when the furnace burden is melted to 730 ℃ to 750 ℃, the intermediate alloy is added; refining and standing to obtain an aluminum melt; the aluminum melt is subjected to SNIF online treatment and filtration, and the hydrogen content of the aluminum melt is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.16ml/100g.Al, the Na content is controlled to be less than or equal to 2ppm, and the Ca content is controlled to be less than or equal to 3ppm;
casting, namely cooling the aluminum melt to form an aluminum rod;
homogenizing, wherein the homogenizing temperature is 620 ℃ plus 5 ℃/6 hours;
the step of extruding and forming once to obtain the battery shell for energy storage comprises the following steps: extruding the aluminum bar through a die to produce a battery shell for energy storage;
quenching and cooling;
and straightening, namely straightening and adjusting the shell of the battery for energy storage.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step of forming the battery case for energy storage by extrusion, the temperature of the extrusion cylinder is 400 ℃ ± 20 ℃, the die temperature is 470 ℃ ± 10 ℃, the aluminum bar heating temperature is 450 ℃ -550 ℃, the extrusion is performed at a constant speed, the filling pressure is less than or equal to 110bar, the master cylinder limiting pressure is less than or equal to 260bar, the break-through pressure slope is less than or equal to 5sec, the extrusion speed attenuation ratio is-15% -5%, the length of the extrusion bar is 500mm-1000mm, and the extrusion rod speed is 3.0mm/s-7.0mm/s.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the quenching and cooling step, the quenching is air cooling, and the temperature of the energy storage battery case after cooling is 250 ℃ or less.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the straightening is required to be within 0.5% -1%.
5. The method for producing a battery case for energy storage according to claim 1, wherein the mass fraction of the waste material is 80% or less when the waste material is a class 1 waste material, and the mass fraction of the waste material is 20% or less when the waste material is a class 2 waste material.
6. The method of producing a battery case for energy storage according to claim 1, wherein the step of preparing an aluminum melt further comprises a melting sample, the temperature of the melting sample being 725 ℃ to 745 ℃.
7. The method for producing a battery case for energy storage according to claim 1, wherein in the step of preparing an aluminum melt, the refining temperature is 725-740 ℃, and the standing time is 30min or longer.
8. The method for producing a battery case for energy storage according to claim 7, wherein a mixed gas of argon and chlorine is used in the refining step, and the amount of the chlorine is 2% -5%; the refining time is 40min-60min.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the casting step, the aluminum melt is poured into an ingot, the aluminum melt is cooled by a crystallizer to form an aluminum rod, the casting start temperature is 670-700 ℃, the casting start speed is 135-175 mm/min, the intermediate casting temperature is 680-710 ℃, the intermediate casting speed is 130-170 mm/min, the water inflow temperature is 15-45 ℃, and the water flow rate is 590m3/h + -100 m3/h.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the filtering is CFF bipolar plate filtering.
11. The battery case for energy storage manufactured by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the wall thickness of the case is 0.8mm or less.
12. The energy storage battery case according to claim 11, wherein a size of crystal grains in the case is 100 μm or less.
13. The energy storage battery housing of claim 11, wherein the housing is circular or rectangular.
14. The energy storage cell casing according to claim 11, wherein the thickness of the casing is not equal, and the thickness of the casing at the center is greater than the thickness of the casing at the edge.
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