CN117322301A - Plant hydrogel for growth of spray-seeding alfalfa, preparation method and application - Google Patents
Plant hydrogel for growth of spray-seeding alfalfa, preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a plant hydrogel for growing alfalfa by spray seeding, a preparation method and application thereof, which is prepared by mixing super absorbent soil, an adhesive, a water retaining agent, biological polysaccharide, alfalfa seeds and water. The invention uses hydrophilic substances with different types and proportions to enable the soil to be gel-like, the water absorption, water retention and slow release performances of the prepared plant hydrogel are enhanced, so that the grown plants can better cope with drought and water shortage stress, and simultaneously, the added adhesive can enable the soil matrix to be better attached to the desert or rock, thereby being convenient for desert greening in desert areas and side slope areas with less rainfall by adopting a spray seeding mode, and having good economic and social benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of land restoration, and particularly relates to a plant hydrogel for the growth of spray-seeding alfalfa, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Because the ecological system in the desert is very fragile, the soil layer is thin and lean and drought and little rain are caused, when large-scale spray seeding greening is carried out, plant seeds cannot be effectively contacted with soil and moisture, so that the germination rate of the seeds is low, the growth vigor is weak, the resistance to the environment is weak, the high death rate is easy to cause, and the desertification control effect and the desertification control process are seriously restricted. Meanwhile, as the blocking objects on the desert are less, the erosion force of strong wind and running water to the soil layer is strong, and the plant seeds and the guest soil or media after spray seeding are easily eroded and weathered, the prepared media containing plant seeds, nutrient substances and the like need to have good adhesion in the process of desertification control, so that the media can be attached to the soil, and the survival rate of the seeds and the desertification control effect are improved.
The hydrogel is a hydrophilic three-dimensional network structure gel, and is composed of natural hydrophilic polymers, including polysaccharides such as starch, cellulose, alginic acid, hyaluronic acid, chitosan and the like, and polypeptides such as collagen, poly-L-lysine, poly-L-glutamic acid and the like. They have strong water-retaining and moisture-retaining properties, are widely applied to medicines and cosmetics, and have successful reports in the field of agriculture and forestry water-retaining agents. Due to the existence of the crosslinked network, the hydrogel can swell and retain a large amount of water, and the hydrogel in a solid form can maintain a certain shape and volume under certain conditions, so that a large amount of water can be preserved for a long time to supply plants for growth in soil remediation, and meanwhile, a certain shape is maintained to support the plants. In addition, the adhesive is added into the hydrogel to improve the adhesive property and the adhesion effect, so that the hydrogel can be used as a good potential soil restoration raw material. For example, chinese patent CN114766316a discloses a sandy plant planting auxiliary material for land desertification control and a planting method thereof, which adopts cellulose, glycine, sodium hydroxide solution and polyvinyl alcohol to prepare hydrogel, and when biomass charcoal and water are added to form hydrogel, the water retention of the material can be greatly improved and the toughness of sandy soil can be increased; CN113372918A discloses an application of hydrogel in wind prevention and sand fixation, which uses sodium alginate-polyacrylamide to prepare hydrogel with strong adhesion property, which is used for adhering loose sand; CN108017750a discloses a temperature-sensitive hydrogel water-retaining agent, a preparation method and application thereof, which utilizes acrylate water-soluble polymerized monomers, an initiator, a cross-linking agent or/and tool monomers to prepare the known hydrogel water-retaining agent through mixing reaction, can spontaneously regulate water absorption and water release behaviors through the change of the external environment temperature, has fast water absorption rate and water release rate, and can save a large amount of water resources.
However, the chemical gel is sodium alginate, polyacrylamide gel or crystal mud, which can inhibit plant growth to a certain extent, so that the water retention capacity of soil is only improved to a certain extent, and the chemical gel is not suitable for plant growth, vegetation establishment and desert greening, and the dosage of the substances should be reduced as much as possible in practical application. The existing hydrogel capable of being applied to soil treatment only plays an auxiliary role, and the real desertification treatment work also needs a lot of steps, manpower and material resources. Therefore, how to apply the prepared plant hydrogel to spray seeding and complete soil restoration, such as desertification control, slope restoration and the like at one time, is still to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a plant hydrogel for the growth of spray-seeding alfalfa, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein chemical polysaccharide gel sodium alginate or polyacrylamide is combined with biological polysaccharide gel aloe powder or konjak powder to prepare the formed plant hydrogel, so that the spray-seeding of a matrix and the seeding of plants can be completed in one step while the growth of plants is not influenced, and desertification control or slope restoration work can be completed at one step.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a plant hydrogel for alfalfa growth, comprising a super absorbent soil, an adhesive, a water retaining agent, a biological polysaccharide, alfalfa seeds and water.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the super absorbent soil to the adhesive to the water-retaining agent to the biological polysaccharide to the alfalfa seeds is 1: (0.06-0.1): (0.2-0.4): (0.1-0.3): (0.01-0.03).
Preferably, the super absorbent soil is peat soil, coco coir and bentonite, and the mass ratio of the peat soil to the coco coir to the bentonite is 1: (0.5-1.5): (0.5-1.5) and mixing.
Preferably, the adhesive is starch, chitosan, sodium alginate and crystal mud, and the mass ratio is 1: (0.2-0.5): (0.3-0.7): (0.2-0.5) and mixing.
Preferably, the water-retaining agent is polyacrylamide water solution with the concentration of 0.5%.
Preferably, the biological polysaccharide is konjaku flour or aloe powder.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the plant hydrogel suitable for the growth of the alfalfa by spray seeding, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing high water absorption soil: weighing peat soil, coconut coir and bentonite according to a proportion, and stirring and uniformly mixing;
(2) Preparing a crystal mud solution: heating the crystal mud to 60-80 ℃, and stirring for dissolving;
(3) Preparing an adhesive: weighing starch, chitosan, sodium alginate and crystal mud solution according to a proportion, and stirring and uniformly mixing;
(4) Preparing a water-retaining agent: weighing polyacrylamide, and stirring in water to obtain a polyacrylamide aqueous solution;
(5) Preparing alfalfa seeds: selecting complete alfalfa seeds with full grains, removing foreign matters, sterilizing, and spraying and soaking for later use;
(6) Mixing the super absorbent soil, the adhesive, the water-retaining agent, the biological polysaccharide, the alfalfa seeds and the water according to a proportion, uniformly stirring, and standing overnight to prepare the plant hydrogel.
Preferably, the alfalfa seeds are sterilized by soaking in 2% sodium hypochlorite for 0.2-1.0h, and the spray-soaked solution is water.
The invention also provides application of the plant hydrogel for alfalfa growth in land restoration in low rainfall areas.
Preferably, the low rainfall area is a desert or side slope with annual rainfall less than or equal to 350 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the soil is gelatinous by utilizing hydrophilic substances such as polyacrylamide and the like in different types and proportions, so that the water absorption, water retention and slow release performances of the soil are obviously enhanced, plant seeds contained in the soil can be better used for coping with drought and water shortage stress, the soil can be better used for repairing soil in low precipitation areas such as desert areas, normal growth of plants is ensured, stress resistance of the plants to the environment is enhanced, and the soil repairing effect is ensured.
According to the invention, substances such as starch, crystal mud, chitosan and the like are added into the plant hydrogel as an adhesive, so that the adhesion performance of the plant hydrogel is obviously enhanced, the prepared matrix can be better adhered to soil layers or rocks on a desert, the erosion influence caused by wind and water is reduced, the soil restoration effect is ensured, and the plant hydrogel is convenient to adopt spraying and marketing for desert greening.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the growth of alfalfa after 15d in example 1 at different high water uptake soil ratios, wherein the ratios of peat soil, coconut coir and bentonite are 1:0.5:1.5, 1:0.5:0.5, 1:1:1, 1:1.5:1.5, respectively, from left to right.
Fig. 2 shows the morphology of the plant hydrogel prepared by different binder types and proportions in example 2, wherein the mass ratio of starch, chitosan, sodium alginate, and crystal mud is 0:6:0:4,3:0:0:3,2:3:2:3,5:1:2:2, and 3:2:4:1 from left to right.
FIG. 3 is a plot showing the effect of the type and ratio of biopolysaccharide in example 4 on the water retention of the plant hydrogel.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and it should be noted that the following embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and the scope of the present invention shall be defined by the claims. Modifications and substitutions made by those skilled in the art without the inventive effort fall within the scope of the present invention.
EXAMPLE 1 high Water uptake soil formulation
Peat soil, coco coir and bentonite are selected as the constituent raw materials of the super absorbent soil, the super absorbent soil is prepared according to different proportions, then 20 alfalfa seeds are sown, the growth condition of alfalfa under the condition that moisture is not supplemented within 15 days is observed, and the proportion of the super absorbent soil is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 mass ratio of substances in super absorbent soil and growth conditions
Note that: the survival rate is measured 15d after alfalfa seeds are sown, and moisture is not supplied all the time in the growth process.
As a result, it was found that (FIG. 1) the germination percentage was high using only one of peat soil, coconut husk and bentonite as the seeds of the super absorbent soil, but the growth was limited without watering, whereas the super absorbent soil prepared by mixing the three materials had good water retention ability and continued to grow without supplementing water, and therefore, the formulation (No. 9) of peat soil, coconut husk and bentonite at 1:1.5:1.5 was selected for the subsequent experiment.
EXAMPLE 2 Effect of different adhesive ratios on plant hydrogels
Because the polyacrylamide is a water-retaining agent commonly used in agriculture and forestry on the one hand and a better gel preparation method on the other hand, the polyacrylamide is selected as a raw material for hydrogel planting, and the specific preparation method is as follows:
(1) Dissolving polyacrylamide in water to prepare 0.5% polyacrylamide aqueous solution serving as a water-retaining agent;
(2) Heating the crystal mud to 60 ℃ for dissolution to obtain crystal mud solution;
(3) Mixing the high water absorption soil (sequence number 9) with the optimal proportion determined in the example 1 and the water-retaining agent obtained in the step (1) according to the proportion, sequentially adding starch, chitosan, sodium alginate and crystal mud solution according to the proportion, additionally supplementing water with the weight 1.5 times of that of the high water absorption soil, uniformly stirring, and standing overnight to obtain a plant hydrogel, wherein the proportion of each substance in the plant hydrogel is shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2 mass ratios and adhesion of the various substances of the plant hydrogels
The prepared 9 plant hydrogel is subjected to adhesion test by adopting an analytical balance and scrap iron method, and the morphology is observed, and the morphological result is shown as figure 2, and when starch and sodium alginate are not contained, the plant hydrogel is in a thin paste shape, and the fluidity of the gel is high; when the chitosan and crystal mud are not contained, the planted hydrogel is too viscous and becomes large in brittleness, and is in a culture medium form; when the dosage ratio of starch, chitosan, sodium alginate and crystal mud in the plant hydrogel is different, the forms are also different, wherein when the dosage ratio of the starch, the chitosan, the sodium alginate and the crystal mud is (3-5): (1-2): (2-3): and (2-3), the jelly-like shape is optimal, and the adhesive, elastic and flexible properties are better. The adhesion test result shows that the No. 5 plant hydrogel formula has the highest adhesion, reaching 135.8KN/M 2 Indicating that it is applied to the existing soil layer or rockThe adhesive has the strongest adhesive property, can reduce the influence caused by erosion, and is predicted to be used in a large scale in desert, so that the formula of the adhesive selected in the follow-up experiment is starch, chitosan, sodium alginate and crystal mud according to the mass ratio of 5:1:2:2.
example 3
(1) Selecting intact and full alfalfa seeds, and removing gravel, stones or foreign matters doped in seed summary;
(2) Soaking seeds in 2% sodium hypochlorite solution for 0.5h for sterilization, and then spraying clear water for soaking for standby;
(3) The seeds obtained by the treatment in the step (2) are proportionally added into the No. 5 and No. 8 plant hydrogels prepared in the example 2, water (the water is added to be 2.5 times of the weight of the super absorbent soil) is added, and the mixture is stirred for 0.5h and then is left to stand overnight, so that the plant hydrogel containing alfalfa seeds is prepared, wherein the dosage proportion of the alfalfa seeds is shown in Table 3:
TABLE 3 mass ratios of the respective substances of the plant hydrogel containing alfalfa seeds and growth conditions
Note that: the plant height of 10 seedlings was measured for each treatment, and no additional water was applied during cultivation.
The plant hydrogels containing alfalfa seeds of different qualities were placed in the plant hydrogels of No. 5 and No. 8, and after 15d cultivation without supplementing water, the germination rate, survival rate and growth condition of alfalfa seeds were counted, and the results are shown in table 3. The results show that: although the adhesive force of the No. 5 implant hydrogel was the strongest, it inhibited growth after germination of alfalfa seeds compared to the No. 8 implant hydrogel, so the No. 8 implant hydrogel formulation was selected at a later stage. Meanwhile, when the content of alfalfa seeds in the plant hydrogel is too much, the survival rate and the growth condition of the plant hydrogel are reduced (sequence numbers 3 and 6), and the seedling is sparse when the content is low, and considering the comprehensive properties, when the mass ratio of the alfalfa seed content to the plant hydrogel is controlled to be 0.03, the performance of the 8 th plant hydrogel combination (namely sequence number 5) is most excellent, so that in the subsequent experiments, the 8 th plant hydrogel formula in the embodiment 2 is selected as the optimal proportion for further experiments.
EXAMPLE 4 Effect of biological polysaccharide on the performance of a plant hydrogel
In order to further improve the water retention performance of the plant hydrogel, selectively adding a certain proportion of biological polysaccharide into the plant hydrogel, wherein the biological polysaccharide is konjaku flour or aloe powder, counting the water retention rate of the plant hydrogel and observing the growth condition of alfalfa seeds, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing peat soil, coconut coir and bentonite according to a mass ratio of 1:1.5:1.5 to prepare high-water-absorption soil;
(2) Heating the crystal mud to 60 ℃ for dissolution to obtain crystal mud solution;
(3) Starch, chitosan, sodium alginate and crystal mud solution are mixed according to the mass ratio of 5:1:2:2, mixing, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain an adhesive;
(4) Dissolving polyacrylamide in water to prepare 0.5% polyacrylamide aqueous solution serving as a water-retaining agent;
(5) Healthy and full alfalfa seeds are selected, foreign matters such as gravel, stones and the like are removed, then soaked in 2% sodium hypochlorite for 0.5h for sterilization, and then soaked in clear water for standby;
(7) The high water absorption soil prepared in the step (1), the adhesive prepared in the step (3), the water-retaining agent prepared in the step (4), the biological polysaccharide, the alfalfa seeds in the step (5) and the water are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:0.1:0.3: (0.1-0.2): 0.03:2.5, stirring for 0.5h to fully and uniformly mix, and standing overnight to prepare the plant hydrogel; wherein the biological polysaccharide is konjak powder or aloe gel, and the specific dosage formula is shown in Table 5:
TABLE 4 type, amount and evaluation of biological polysaccharide in plant hydrogel
Note that: the type of the plant hydrogel is that the plant hydrogel No. 8 is uniformly selected, and different combinations represent the proportion of the hydrogel, the aloe powder and the konjaku flour.
The effect of the biological polysaccharide aloe powder and konjak powder on the water retention of the plant hydrogel is shown in fig. 3, and the result is found; the water retention rate of the plant hydrogel decreases most slowly when a small amount of biological polysaccharide is added, wherein the water retention rate of the plant hydrogel with the sequence number 3 decreases most slowly, the highest water absorption can be ensured at 25 days, the water retention rate is about 30%, the water retention rate is the lowest at 25 days, namely the water retention rate is about 4, and the water retention rate is about 10%, which indicates that the water retention capacity of the plant hydrogel is obviously improved when a small amount of biological polysaccharide is added, and the water content is higher than that of a control (sequence number 1) after 25 days of growth. The results of statistics of growth conditions of alfalfa in the plant hydrogel prepared by using aloe powder or konjak powder are shown in Table 4, and compared with the case that no biological polysaccharide (sequence number 1) is added in the plant hydrogel, the results show that when a small amount of konjak powder (sequence numbers 4 and 5) is added in the plant hydrogel, the survival rate and plant height of alfalfa seeds at 15d are obviously reduced, and the more obvious the survival rate and plant height of alfalfa seeds are reduced along with the increase of the consumption of konjak powder, the fact that the addition of konjak powder in the plant hydrogel is unfavorable for growth of alfalfa seeds is shown; the survival rate and plant height of the alfalfa seeds are not obviously affected when a small amount of aloe powder is added into the plant hydrogel, and the survival rate and plant height of the alfalfa seeds are gradually increased when the dosage of the aloe powder is increased from 0.1 to 0.2, which shows that the aloe powder is added into the plant hydrogel, so that the water retention rate can be improved, the growth of the alfalfa seeds can be promoted, and the aloe powder with the ratio of 1:0.2 is selected as biological polysaccharide to be added into the plant hydrogel.
EXAMPLE 5 use of a plant hydrogel
(1) Mixing peat soil, coconut coir and bentonite according to a mass ratio of 1:1.5:1.5 to prepare high-water-absorption soil;
(2) Heating the crystal mud to 60 ℃ for dissolution, and then mixing starch, chitosan, sodium alginate and crystal mud solution according to the mass ratio of 1:0.3:0.2:0.4 to obtain an adhesive;
(3) Dissolving polyacrylamide in water to prepare an aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 0.5%, namely the water-retaining agent;
(4) Selecting complete and full alfalfa seeds, removing foreign matters such as gravel, stones and the like, soaking in a 2% sodium hypochlorite solution for 0.5h, taking out, airing, and spraying with clear water for later use;
(5) The mass ratio is 1:0.1:0.3:0.2:0.03:2.5 mixing the super absorbent soil prepared in the step (1), the adhesive prepared in the step (2), the water-retaining agent prepared in the step (3), the biological polysaccharide (aloe powder), the alfalfa seeds prepared in the step (4) and water according to the proportion, stirring for 0.5h to fully and uniformly mix the materials, and standing overnight to obtain the plant hydrogel;
(6) The prepared plant hydrogel is sprayed on desert and side slope regions of the construction site of Fukang pumped storage power station at the upstream of the Xinjiang Changji white poplar river in 2022 month by a spraying machine, the local elevation is 1540-2400 m, the plant hydrogel is positioned in the east longitude 87.98 degrees, the north latitude is 44.16 degrees, the plant hydrogel is hot and arid in summer, the winter is cold and rainy, the annual average air temperature is 6.3 ℃, the extreme minimum air temperature is-37 ℃, the extreme maximum air temperature is 41.5 ℃, the annual average precipitation is 265.1mm, and the annual average evaporation amount is up to 1419.6mm. The soil layer is mainly made of rock, gravel and rock soil, surface soil resources are short after engineering construction, the soil is barren and the saline-alkali content is high, and the vegetation type belongs to a transitional area of forest grassland, meadow grassland and temperate desert. The spray thickness was 3-8cm, the adhesiveness of the planted hydrogel was counted, and the growth of alfalfa seeds was counted under the condition that no water was added in 25-30d, and the results are shown in Table 6:
TABLE 6 environmental remediation effect of the plant hydrogels
The data in Table 6 show that the prepared plant hydrogel has stronger adhesion capability to deserts and slopes in a spray seeding mode on sites of a Fukang pumped storage power station, and the germination rate and the survival rate of alfalfa seeds are obviously higher than those of other comparative examples, so that in the production practice, the plant hydrogel can be used for deserts and slope management in areas with less precipitation, so that the growing plants can better cope with drought and water shortage stress, and meanwhile, the added adhesive can enable soil matrixes to be better adhered to deserts or rocks.
Comparative example 1
(1) Mixing peat soil, coconut coir and bentonite according to a mass ratio of 1:1:1 to prepare high-water-absorption soil;
(2) Dissolving polyacrylamide in water to prepare an aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 0.5%, namely the water-retaining agent;
(3) Selecting complete and full alfalfa seeds, removing foreign matters such as gravel, stones and the like, soaking in a 2% sodium hypochlorite solution for 0.5h, taking out, airing, and spraying with clear water for later use;
(4) The mass ratio is 1:0.1:0.4:0.3:0.03:2, mixing the super absorbent soil prepared in the step (1), the water-retaining agent prepared in the step (2), the alfalfa seeds prepared in the step (3), aloe powder and water, stirring for 0.5h to fully and uniformly mix, and standing overnight to obtain the plant hydrogel.
Observing the state of the planted hydrogel, and counting the germination rate of alfalfa seeds under the condition of 5d natural precipitation, wherein the survival rate is 30d later.
Comparative example 2
A plant hydrogel was prepared according to the method of example 5, and alfalfa seeds were selected only after the preparation of the plant hydrogel and then sown on the surface of the plant hydrogel, and the germination rate of alfalfa seeds after 5d was counted under natural rainfall conditions and the survival rate after 30d was counted.
Comparative example 3
A plant hydrogel was prepared according to the method of example 5, replacing only polyacrylamide with 1.5% by mass, preparing a plant hydrogel and observing the state of the plant hydrogel and counting the germination rate of alfalfa seeds under natural precipitation conditions within 5 days, survival rate after 30 days.
Claims (10)
1. A plant hydrogel for use in the growth of spray-sown alfalfa, characterized by: the plant hydrogel comprises super absorbent soil, an adhesive, a water retaining agent, biological polysaccharide, alfalfa seeds and water.
2. A plant hydrogel for use in the growth of spray-sown alfalfa as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the super absorbent soil to the adhesive to the water-retaining agent to the biological polysaccharide to the alfalfa seeds is 1: (0.06-0.1): (0.2-0.4): (0.1-0.3): (0.01-0.03).
3. A plant hydrogel for alfalfa growth according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the high water absorption soil is peat soil, coco coir and bentonite, and the mass ratio of the peat soil to the coco coir to the bentonite is 1: (0.5-1.5): (0.5-1.5) and mixing.
4. A plant hydrogel for alfalfa growth according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the adhesive is starch, chitosan, sodium alginate and crystal mud according to the mass ratio of 1: (0.2-0.5): (0.3-0.7): (0.2-0.5) and mixing.
5. A plant hydrogel for alfalfa growth according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the water-retaining agent is polyacrylamide water solution with the concentration of 0.5 percent.
6. A plant hydrogel for alfalfa growth according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the biological polysaccharide is konjaku flour or aloe powder.
7. A method of preparing a plant hydrogel for use in the growth of alfalfa as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing high water absorption soil: weighing peat soil, coconut coir and bentonite according to a proportion, and stirring and uniformly mixing;
(2) Preparing a crystal mud solution: heating the crystal mud to 60-80 ℃, and stirring for dissolving;
(3) Preparing an adhesive: weighing starch, chitosan, sodium alginate and crystal mud solution according to a proportion, and stirring and uniformly mixing;
(4) Preparing a water-retaining agent: weighing polyacrylamide, and stirring in water to obtain a polyacrylamide aqueous solution;
(5) Preparing alfalfa seeds: selecting complete alfalfa seeds with full grains, removing foreign matters, sterilizing, and spraying and soaking for later use;
(6) Mixing the super absorbent soil, the adhesive, the water-retaining agent, the biological polysaccharide, the alfalfa seeds and the water according to a proportion, uniformly stirring, and standing overnight to prepare the plant hydrogel.
8. The method of manufacturing according to claim 7, wherein: the method for sterilizing alfalfa seeds comprises soaking herba Medicaginis seeds in 2% sodium hypochlorite for 0.2-1.0 hr, and spraying the soaked solution into water.
9. Use of a plant hydrogel for the growth of spray-sown alfalfa according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or prepared according to any one of claims 7 to 8 in land restoration in low rainfall areas.
10. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that: the low rainfall area is a desert or side slope with annual rainfall less than or equal to 350 mm.
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