CN117317455A - Power battery low-temperature emergency heating starting method based on thermochemical energy storage - Google Patents
Power battery low-temperature emergency heating starting method based on thermochemical energy storage Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 93
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 hydroxide ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- VMQMZMRVKUZKQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu+ Chemical compound [Cu+] VMQMZMRVKUZKQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于热化学储能的动力电池低温应急加热启动方法，涉及动力电池低温应急加热启动技术领域，包括材料选择，材料选择用于选取制作材料，在材料选择后需要进行制作安装，制作安装用于制作板式换热器和反应槽并与动力电池连接在一起，本发明通过选择铜制材料制造板式换热器，并将板式换热器的尺寸制作成与动力电池和反应槽的尺寸相同的长度和宽度，同时保证板式换热器的热传递液的流动通道横截面积为0.2m3，并调整热传递液的流速到1.4m/s，流量到0.28L/s，进而最大程度地提高热传递效率。
The invention discloses a low-temperature emergency heating startup method for power batteries based on thermochemical energy storage. It relates to the technical field of low-temperature emergency heating startup of power batteries and includes material selection. Material selection is used to select production materials. After material selection, production and installation are required. , manufacturing and installation is used to make plate heat exchangers and reaction tanks and connect them with power batteries. The present invention manufactures plate heat exchangers by selecting copper materials, and makes the size of the plate heat exchangers to match the power batteries and reaction tanks. The dimensions are the same length and width, while ensuring that the cross-sectional area of the flow channel of the heat transfer fluid of the plate heat exchanger is 0.2m 3 , and adjust the flow rate of the heat transfer fluid to 1.4m/s and the flow rate to 0.28L/s, and then Maximize heat transfer efficiency.
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及动力电池低温应急加热启动技术领域，具体为一种基于热化学储能的动力电池低温应急加热启动方法。The invention relates to the technical field of low-temperature emergency heating start-up of power batteries, specifically a low-temperature emergency heating start-up method for power batteries based on thermochemical energy storage.
背景技术Background technique
动力电池低温应急加热启动方法是解决动力电池在低温环境下无法正常启动和运行的技术方案，在低温环境下，动力电池的SOC会降低，充放电性能也会受到影响。这可能导致车辆无法正常启动和运行，通常使用车载加热装置和外部充电设施进行预热，加热效率不高、加热装置的负担较重，而一种基于热化学储能的动力电池低温应急加热启动方法能够为动力电池低温启动提供便捷。The low-temperature emergency heating start method of power batteries is a technical solution to solve the problem that power batteries cannot start and operate normally in low-temperature environments. In low-temperature environments, the SOC of power batteries will decrease and the charge and discharge performance will also be affected. This may cause the vehicle to be unable to start and operate normally. Usually, on-board heating devices and external charging facilities are used for preheating. The heating efficiency is not high and the burden on the heating device is heavy. However, a low-temperature emergency heating start-up of power batteries based on thermochemical energy storage This method can provide convenience for low-temperature starting of power batteries.
现有的动力电池低温应急加热启动方法存在的缺陷是：The existing shortcomings of the low-temperature emergency heating start-up method of power batteries are:
1、专利文件JP2005214011中，公开了车用储能装置加热系统，其主要考虑如何通过控制模式将动力电池温度维持在确保电动车辆启动的水平，并且能够将动力电池温度维持在确保车辆性能最佳的模式，并没有考虑如何提高热传递效率的问题；1. The patent document JP2005214011 discloses a vehicle energy storage device heating system, which mainly considers how to maintain the power battery temperature at a level that ensures the startup of the electric vehicle through the control mode, and can maintain the power battery temperature at a level to ensure optimal vehicle performance. model does not consider how to improve heat transfer efficiency;
2、申请文件CN112910049A中，公开了沥青一种电加热车辆低温启动辅助装置，主要考虑如何满足部队车辆的低温启动要求的问题，并没有考虑到如何应对热化学储能装置或相关设施故障，提高系统可靠性的问题；2. The application document CN112910049A discloses a low-temperature starting auxiliary device for electrically heated vehicles using asphalt. It mainly considers how to meet the low-temperature starting requirements of military vehicles. It does not consider how to deal with failures of thermochemical energy storage devices or related facilities and improve System reliability issues;
3、专利文件CN111769341B中，公开了基于热化学储能的动力电池低温启动应急加热装置及其控制方法，主要考虑如何解决动力电池在低温下启动难、容量低和稳定性下降的问题，并没有考虑到如何提供监测保护的问题；3. The patent document CN111769341B discloses a low-temperature starting emergency heating device for power batteries based on thermochemical energy storage and its control method. It mainly considers how to solve the problems of difficult starting, low capacity and reduced stability of power batteries at low temperatures. There is no Consideration of how surveillance protection is provided;
4、专利文件CN108232344B中，公开了一种耦合非耗散式均衡系统的动力电池低温加热系统及方法，主要考虑如何解决了动力电池低温充电和电动汽车的冷启动问题，没有考虑到如何迅速提供热量，动力电池的启动时间长的问题。4. The patent document CN108232344B discloses a power battery low-temperature heating system and method coupled with a non-dissipative balancing system. It mainly considers how to solve the problem of low-temperature charging of power batteries and cold start of electric vehicles, but does not consider how to quickly provide Heat and long start-up time of the power battery are issues.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种基于热化学储能的动力电池低温应急加热启动方法，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-temperature emergency heating starting method for power batteries based on thermochemical energy storage to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种基于热化学储能的动力电池低温应急加热启动方法，包括材料选择，材料选择用于选取制作材料，在材料选择后需要进行制作安装，制作安装用于制作板式换热器和反应槽并与动力电池连接在一起；In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a low-temperature emergency heating start method for power batteries based on thermochemical energy storage, including material selection. The material selection is used to select production materials. After the material selection, production and installation need to be carried out. Installation is used to make plate heat exchangers and reaction tanks and connect them with power batteries;
在材料选择时选用铜制材料制造板式换热器，板式换热器用于吸收导热，在制造板式换热器时需要控制尺寸与动力电池一致，并控制板式换热器的流动通道横截面积在0.2m3，随后在板式换热器的进出口处设置温度传感器和压力阀并配备控制系统，控制系统用于在温度传感器的反馈下控制压力阀的开度，调节流量和流速。When selecting materials, copper materials are used to manufacture plate heat exchangers. Plate heat exchangers are used to absorb heat. When manufacturing plate heat exchangers, the size needs to be controlled to be consistent with the power battery, and the cross-sectional area of the flow channel of the plate heat exchanger needs to be controlled within 0.2m 3 , and then set a temperature sensor and a pressure valve at the inlet and outlet of the plate heat exchanger and equip it with a control system. The control system is used to control the opening of the pressure valve and adjust the flow rate and flow rate under the feedback of the temperature sensor.
优选的，所述动力电池低温应急加热启动方法如下：Preferably, the low-temperature emergency heating starting method of the power battery is as follows:
步骤S1、材料选择：一、铜；Step S1. Material selection: 1. Copper;
二、氢氧化锂；2. Lithium hydroxide;
三、耐热钢；3. Heat-resistant steel;
步骤S2、制作安装：选择铜制材料制造板式换热器，并将板式换热器的尺寸制作成与动力电池尺寸相同的长度和宽度，同时保证板式换热器的热传递液的流动通道横截面积为0.2m3；Step S2. Production and installation: Select copper material to make the plate heat exchanger, and make the size of the plate heat exchanger to the same length and width as the size of the power battery, while ensuring that the flow channel of the heat transfer fluid of the plate heat exchanger is horizontal. The cross-sectional area is 0.2m 3 ;
使用耐热钢设计制作反应槽作为热化学储能装置，同时在反应槽上设置一个入水口用于与送水管路连接，并在热化学储能装置中使用氢氧化锂作为化学反应材料，将反应槽与板式换热器的入口连接。Use heat-resistant steel to design and manufacture a reaction tank as a thermochemical energy storage device. At the same time, a water inlet is provided on the reaction tank to connect to the water supply pipeline, and lithium hydroxide is used as a chemical reaction material in the thermochemical energy storage device. The reaction tank is connected to the inlet of the plate heat exchanger.
优选的，所述动力电池低温应急加热启动方法还包括：Preferably, the power battery low-temperature emergency heating starting method further includes:
步骤S3、控制系统：利用在板式换热器的进出口处安装温度传感器，来监测热传递液的温度，同时利用流量流速传感器监测板式换热器中热传递液的流速和流量，根据温度传感器的反馈来调整压力阀的开度，控制热传递液的流速到1.4m/s，并控制热传递液的流量到0.28L/s。Step S3. Control system: Use a temperature sensor installed at the inlet and outlet of the plate heat exchanger to monitor the temperature of the heat transfer fluid, and use a flow rate sensor to monitor the flow rate and flow rate of the heat transfer fluid in the plate heat exchanger. According to the temperature sensor Feedback is used to adjust the opening of the pressure valve, control the flow rate of the heat transfer fluid to 1.4m/s, and control the flow rate of the heat transfer fluid to 0.28L/s.
优选的，所述动力电池低温应急加热启动方法还包括：Preferably, the power battery low-temperature emergency heating starting method further includes:
步骤S4、多重备份：取用一个比动力电池的长和宽大1.5倍的电热毯，将电热毯盖在动力电池的顶部、两侧、正面和背面，同时利用绑带和夹具固定电热毯，使板式换热器与动力电池的底部紧密接触，并将电热毯连接到电源。Step S4, multiple backups: Take an electric blanket that is 1.5 times longer and wider than the power battery, cover the top, sides, front and back of the power battery with the electric blanket, and use straps and clamps to fix the electric blanket so that The plate heat exchanger is in close contact with the bottom of the power battery and connects the electric blanket to the power source.
优选的，所述动力电池低温应急加热启动方法还包括：Preferably, the power battery low-temperature emergency heating starting method further includes:
步骤S5、监测保护：通过在板式换热器的进出口处设置温度传感器和压力阀其内部压力和温度，当板式换热器进出口内压力超过2.5MPa时压力阀会打开并释放流体或气体；Step S5. Monitoring and protection: By setting a temperature sensor and a pressure valve at the inlet and outlet of the plate heat exchanger to determine the internal pressure and temperature, when the pressure inside the inlet and outlet of the plate heat exchanger exceeds 2.5MPa, the pressure valve will open and release the fluid or gas. ;
温度传感器与流量流速传感器配合组成监测系统，监测系统用于监测板式换热器进出口的流量流速与温度，并监测动力电池的温度，当动力电池的温度超过15℃监测系统则会与控制系统配合控制压力阀关闭停止为板式换热器提供热传递液；The temperature sensor and the flow rate sensor cooperate to form a monitoring system. The monitoring system is used to monitor the flow rate and temperature of the inlet and outlet of the plate heat exchanger, and monitor the temperature of the power battery. When the temperature of the power battery exceeds 15°C, the monitoring system will communicate with the control system. Cooperate with the control pressure valve to close and stop providing heat transfer fluid to the plate heat exchanger;
步骤S6、低温监测和热化学反应触发：当控制系统监测到动力电池（1）任何部分的温度下降到-5℃时系统将触发温度监测算法，使控制系统打开进水口，使水引入反应槽中与氢氧化锂接触产生化学反应进行放热，同时打开压力阀使氢氧化锂与水接触混合形成的热传递液进在板式换热器中流通，使板式换热器将热量传递给动力电池，对动力电池进行加热，提高动力电池的温度。Step S6, low temperature monitoring and thermochemical reaction triggering: When the control system detects that the temperature of any part of the power battery (1) drops to -5°C, the system will trigger the temperature monitoring algorithm, causing the control system to open the water inlet and introduce water into the reaction tank. The contact with lithium hydroxide produces a chemical reaction and releases heat. At the same time, the pressure valve is opened to allow the heat transfer liquid formed by contact and mixing of lithium hydroxide and water to flow in the plate heat exchanger, allowing the plate heat exchanger to transfer heat to the power battery. , heating the power battery and increasing the temperature of the power battery.
优选的，所述步骤S2中，还包括如下步骤：Preferably, step S2 also includes the following steps:
步骤S21、横截面积的计算公式如下：Step S21, the calculation formula of the cross-sectional area is as follows:
A=Q/VA=Q/V
其中，Q是流量，A是横截面积，V是流速；Among them, Q is the flow rate, A is the cross-sectional area, and V is the flow velocity;
步骤S22、板式换热器2、反应槽5和氢氧化锂配合组成热化学储能装置，用于利用热化学升温动力电池。In step S22, the plate heat exchanger 2, the reaction tank 5 and lithium hydroxide are combined to form a thermochemical energy storage device, which is used to heat the power battery using thermochemistry.
优选的，所述步骤S4中，还包括如下步骤：Preferably, step S4 also includes the following steps:
步骤S41、将电热毯连接到电源并打开电源开关，电热毯将会将通电产生热量，并将热量传递给动力电池，使动力电池吸收热量逐渐升温，从而实现加热动力电池，利用电热毯和热化学储能装置配合形成多重备份。Step S41: Connect the electric blanket to the power supply and turn on the power switch. The electric blanket will generate heat when energized and transfer the heat to the power battery, so that the power battery absorbs heat and gradually heats up, thereby heating the power battery and using the electric blanket and heat. Chemical energy storage devices cooperate to form multiple backups.
优选的，所述步骤S5中，还包括如下步骤：Preferably, step S5 also includes the following steps:
步骤S51、当压力阀打开释放流体或气体时系统内部压力会降低；Step S51: When the pressure valve is opened to release fluid or gas, the internal pressure of the system will decrease;
温度传感器测量到的温度数据会传递给控制系统，控制系统则会利用温度监测算法对温度进行分析并根据温度选择是否执行热化学反应，当温度没有达到-5℃，则继续进行低温检测。The temperature data measured by the temperature sensor will be passed to the control system, which will use the temperature monitoring algorithm to analyze the temperature and choose whether to perform a thermochemical reaction based on the temperature. When the temperature does not reach -5°C, it will continue to perform low-temperature detection.
优选的，所述步骤S6中，还包括如下步骤：Preferably, the step S6 also includes the following steps:
步骤S61、将水引入反应槽中与氢氧化锂反应的化学方程式如下：Step S61: The chemical equation of introducing water into the reaction tank to react with lithium hydroxide is as follows:
LiOH+H2O→Li++OH-+H2OLiOH+H 2 O→Li + +OH - +H 2 O
氢氧化锂在水中离解成锂离子和氢氧根离子，进行放热；Lithium hydroxide dissociates into lithium ions and hydroxide ions in water and releases heat;
同时监测系统将利用温度传感器持续监测动力电池的温度，同时控制系统会持续监测板式换热器进出口温度和压力阀，当检测温度发生异常控制系统将自动进入安全模式，控制关闭所有设备并报警提示工作人员进行检修。At the same time, the monitoring system will use the temperature sensor to continuously monitor the temperature of the power battery. At the same time, the control system will continue to monitor the inlet and outlet temperature of the plate heat exchanger and the pressure valve. When an abnormality occurs in the detected temperature, the control system will automatically enter the safe mode, control the shutdown of all equipment and alarm Prompt staff to perform maintenance.
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1、本发明通过选择铜制材料制造板式换热器，并将板式换热器的尺寸制作成与动力电池和反应槽的尺寸相同的长度和宽度，同时保证板式换热器的热传递液的流动通道横截面积为0.2m3，增加传热表面积和促进更有效的热传递，并在板式换热器的进出口处安装温度传感器和压力阀，利用控制系统调节压力阀的开度，从而调整热传递液的流速到1.4m/s，并控制热传递液的流量到0.28L/s，使冷却液在板式换热器内提供更多的热量传递时间，确保适当的冷却液流量，以在板式换热器内实现最佳的热传递效果，进而最大程度地提高热传递效率。1. The present invention manufactures a plate heat exchanger by selecting copper materials, and making the size of the plate heat exchanger into the same length and width as the size of the power battery and reaction tank, while ensuring the heat transfer liquid of the plate heat exchanger. The cross-sectional area of the flow channel is 0.2m 3 to increase the heat transfer surface area and promote more effective heat transfer. A temperature sensor and a pressure valve are installed at the inlet and outlet of the plate heat exchanger, and the control system is used to adjust the opening of the pressure valve, thereby Adjust the flow rate of the heat transfer fluid to 1.4m/s, and control the flow rate of the heat transfer fluid to 0.28L/s, so that the coolant can provide more heat transfer time in the plate heat exchanger to ensure appropriate coolant flow. Achieve optimal heat transfer within the plate heat exchanger to maximize heat transfer efficiency.
2.本发明通过.在热化学储能装置中使用氢氧化锂作为化学反应材料，使用耐热钢设计的反应槽储存氢氧化锂，同时取用一个比动力电池的长和宽大1.5倍的电热毯，将电热毯盖在动力电池的顶部、两侧、正面和背面，同时利用绑带和夹具固定电热毯，使板式换热器与动力电池的底部紧密接触，并将电热毯连接到电源并打开电源开关，电热毯将会将通电产生热量，并将热量传递给动力电池，使动力电池吸收热量逐渐升温，从而实现加热动力电池，减少动力电池内部电阻，使动力电池在低温环境中更容易释放储存的电能，从而与热化学储能装置形成多重备份，在热化学储能装置出现意外无法使用时利用电热毯对动力电池进行加热，辅助动力电池启动，从而应对热化学储能装置或相关设施的故障，提高系统的可靠性。2. The present invention uses lithium hydroxide as a chemical reaction material in a thermochemical energy storage device, uses a reaction tank designed with heat-resistant steel to store lithium hydroxide, and at the same time uses an electric heater that is 1.5 times longer and wider than the power battery. Blanket, cover the top, sides, front and back of the power battery with the electric blanket, and use straps and clamps to fix the electric blanket so that the plate heat exchanger is in close contact with the bottom of the power battery, and connect the electric blanket to the power source and When the power switch is turned on, the electric blanket will generate heat and transfer the heat to the power battery, causing the power battery to absorb heat and gradually heat up, thereby heating the power battery, reducing the internal resistance of the power battery, and making it easier for the power battery to operate in low-temperature environments. Release the stored electrical energy to form multiple backups with the thermochemical energy storage device. When the thermochemical energy storage device unexpectedly becomes unusable, the electric blanket is used to heat the power battery and assist in starting the power battery, thereby coping with the thermochemical energy storage device or related facility failures and improve system reliability.
3.本发明通过在板式换热器的进出口处安装温度传感器和压力，利用压力阀监测板式换热器进出口内部的压力，并将监测到的数据传输给监测系统，监测系统会与控制系统协同，在压力超过2.5MPa时控制压力阀打开，释放流体或气体，同时监测系统会利用温度传感器监测动力电池的温度，当动力电池温度超过15℃，监测系统则会与控制系统配合控制压力阀关闭停止为板式换热器提供热传递液，从而提供监测保护，提高安全性。3. The present invention installs a temperature sensor and pressure at the inlet and outlet of the plate heat exchanger, uses a pressure valve to monitor the pressure inside the inlet and outlet of the plate heat exchanger, and transmits the monitored data to the monitoring system, which will communicate with the control system. The system cooperates to control the pressure valve to open when the pressure exceeds 2.5MPa to release fluid or gas. At the same time, the monitoring system will use the temperature sensor to monitor the temperature of the power battery. When the temperature of the power battery exceeds 15°C, the monitoring system will cooperate with the control system to control the pressure. Valve closure stops the supply of heat transfer fluid to the plate heat exchanger, thereby providing monitoring protection and improving safety.
4.本发明通过利用温度传感器监测动力电池的温度，当动力电池任何部分的温度下降到-5℃时控制系统将触发温度监测算法，使控制系统打开进水口，使水引入反应槽中与氢氧化锂接触产生LiOH+H2O→Li++OH-+H2O化学反应，氢氧化锂在水中离解成锂离子和氢氧根离子，是一个放热反应，会产生大量热量，形成热传递液，同时打开压力阀使氢氧化锂与水接触混合形成的热传递液进在板式换热器中流通，使板式换热器将热量传递给动力电池，对动力电池进行加热，提高动力电池的温度，并配合电热毯确保在低温条件下迅速为动力电池提供足够的热量，缩短动力电池的启动时间。4. The present invention monitors the temperature of the power battery by using a temperature sensor. When the temperature of any part of the power battery drops to -5°C, the control system will trigger the temperature monitoring algorithm, causing the control system to open the water inlet and introduce water into the reaction tank to mix with hydrogen. The contact of lithium oxide produces a chemical reaction of LiOH+H 2 O→Li + +OH - +H 2 O. Lithium hydroxide dissociates into lithium ions and hydroxide ions in water. It is an exothermic reaction that generates a large amount of heat and forms heat. Transfer fluid, and at the same time open the pressure valve to allow the heat transfer fluid formed by contact and mixing of lithium hydroxide and water to flow in the plate heat exchanger, so that the plate heat exchanger transfers heat to the power battery, heats the power battery, and improves the efficiency of the power battery. temperature, and combined with an electric blanket ensures that sufficient heat is quickly provided to the power battery under low temperature conditions and shortens the start-up time of the power battery.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的流程图；Figure 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
图2为本发明的模块图；Figure 2 is a module diagram of the present invention;
图3为本发明的热化学储能结构示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the thermochemical energy storage structure of the present invention.
图中：1、动力电池；2、板式换热器；3、温度传感器；4、压力阀；5、反应槽；6、进水口。In the picture: 1. Power battery; 2. Plate heat exchanger; 3. Temperature sensor; 4. Pressure valve; 5. Reaction tank; 6. Water inlet.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
实施例一：Example 1:
请参阅图1、图2和图3，一种基于热化学储能的动力电池低温应急加热启动方法，包括步骤S1、材料选择，材料选择：一、铜：制作板式换热器2；Please refer to Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, a low-temperature emergency heating startup method for power batteries based on thermochemical energy storage, including step S1, material selection, material selection: 1. Copper: Make a plate heat exchanger 2;
二、氢氧化锂：作为热化学反应剂；2. Lithium hydroxide: as a thermochemical reagent;
三、耐热钢：制作反应槽5；3. Heat-resistant steel: Make reaction tank 5;
进一步，材料选择用于选取制作材料，在材料选择后需要进行制作安装，制作安装用于制作板式换热器2和反应槽5并与动力电池1连接在一起；Furthermore, material selection is used to select production materials. After material selection, production and installation are required. Production and installation are used to make the plate heat exchanger 2 and the reaction tank 5 and connect them with the power battery 1;
在材料选择时选用铜制材料制造板式换热器2，板式换热器2用于吸收导热，在制造板式换热器2时需要控制尺寸与动力电池1一致，并控制板式换热器2的流动通道横截面积在0.2m3，随后在板式换热器2的进出口处设置温度传感器3和压力阀4并配备控制系统，控制系统用于在温度传感器3的反馈下控制压力阀4的开度，调节流量和流速。When selecting materials, copper materials are used to manufacture plate heat exchanger 2. Plate heat exchanger 2 is used to absorb heat conduction. When manufacturing plate heat exchanger 2, it is necessary to control the size to be consistent with power battery 1 and control the size of plate heat exchanger 2. The cross-sectional area of the flow channel is 0.2m 3 , and then a temperature sensor 3 and a pressure valve 4 are installed at the inlet and outlet of the plate heat exchanger 2 and equipped with a control system. The control system is used to control the pressure valve 4 under the feedback of the temperature sensor 3 Opening, adjust flow and flow rate.
实施例二：Example 2:
请参阅图1、图2和图3，一种基于热化学储能的动力电池低温应急加热启动方法，包括步骤S2、制作安装：选择铜制材料制造板式换热器2，并将板式换热器2的尺寸制作成与动力电池1尺寸相同的长度和宽度，同时保证板式换热器2的热传递液的流动通道横截面积为0.2m3，板式换热器2、反应槽5和氢氧化锂配合组成热化学储能装置，用于利用热化学升温动力电池1，确保在不同负载条件下实现最佳的热传递效率；Please refer to Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, a low-temperature emergency heating startup method for power batteries based on thermochemical energy storage, including step S2, production and installation: select copper material to manufacture plate heat exchanger 2, and The size of the heat exchanger 2 is made to be the same length and width as the size of the power battery 1, while ensuring that the cross-sectional area of the flow channel of the heat transfer fluid of the plate heat exchanger 2 is 0.2m 3 , the plate heat exchanger 2, the reaction tank 5 and the hydrogen Lithium oxide is combined to form a thermochemical energy storage device, which is used to heat the power battery 1 using thermochemistry to ensure optimal heat transfer efficiency under different load conditions;
横截面积的计算公式如下：The formula for calculating cross-sectional area is as follows:
A=Q/VA=Q/V
其中，Q是流量，A是横截面积，V是流速；Among them, Q is the flow rate, A is the cross-sectional area, and V is the flow velocity;
使用耐热钢设计制作反应槽5作为热化学储能装置，同时在反应槽5上设置一个入水口用于与送水管路连接，并在热化学储能装置中使用氢氧化锂作为化学反应材料，将反应槽5与板式换热器2的入口连接；The reaction tank 5 is designed and manufactured using heat-resistant steel as a thermochemical energy storage device. At the same time, a water inlet is provided on the reaction tank 5 for connection with the water supply pipeline, and lithium hydroxide is used as a chemical reaction material in the thermochemical energy storage device. , connect the reaction tank 5 with the inlet of the plate heat exchanger 2;
进一步，步骤S3、控制系统：利用在板式换热器2的进出口处安装温度传感器3，来监测热传递液的温度，同时利用流量流速传感器监测板式换热器2中热传递液的流速和流量，根据温度传感器3的反馈来调整压力阀4的开度，控制热传递液的流速到1.4m/s，并控制热传递液的流量到0.28L/s，使冷却液在热交换器内提供更多的热量传递时间，确保适当的冷却液流量，以在热交换器内实现最佳的热传递效果。Further, step S3, control system: use a temperature sensor 3 installed at the inlet and outlet of the plate heat exchanger 2 to monitor the temperature of the heat transfer fluid, and use a flow rate sensor to monitor the flow rate and flow rate of the heat transfer fluid in the plate heat exchanger 2. flow, adjust the opening of the pressure valve 4 according to the feedback from the temperature sensor 3, control the flow rate of the heat transfer fluid to 1.4m/s, and control the flow rate of the heat transfer fluid to 0.28L/s, so that the coolant is in the heat exchanger Provides more heat transfer time and ensures proper coolant flow for optimal heat transfer within the heat exchanger.
实施例三：Embodiment three:
请参阅图1、图2和图3，一种基于热化学储能的动力电池低温应急加热启动方法，包括步骤S4、多重备份：取用一个比动力电池1的长和宽大1.5倍的电热毯，将电热毯盖在动力电池1的顶部、两侧、正面和背面，同时利用绑带和夹具固定电热毯，使板式换热器2与动力电池1的底部紧密接触，并将电热毯连接到电源；Please refer to Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, a low-temperature emergency heating startup method for power batteries based on thermochemical energy storage, including step S4, multiple backups: use an electric blanket that is 1.5 times longer and wider than power battery 1 , cover the electric blanket on the top, sides, front and back of the power battery 1, and use straps and clamps to fix the electric blanket so that the plate heat exchanger 2 is in close contact with the bottom of the power battery 1, and connect the electric blanket to power supply;
进一步，将电热毯连接到电源并打开电源开关，电热毯将会将通电产生热量，并将热量传递给动力电池1，开始加热电池，减少电池内部电阻，使动力电池1在低温环境中更容易释放储存的电能，使动力电池1吸收热量逐渐升温，从而实现加热动力电池1，利用电热毯和热化学储能装置配合形成多重备份。Further, connect the electric blanket to the power source and turn on the power switch. The electric blanket will generate heat when energized and transfer the heat to the power battery 1. It will start to heat the battery and reduce the internal resistance of the battery, making it easier for the power battery 1 to operate in a low-temperature environment. The stored electric energy is released so that the power battery 1 absorbs heat and gradually heats up, thereby heating the power battery 1. The electric blanket and the thermochemical energy storage device are used to form multiple backups.
实施例四：Embodiment 4:
请参阅图1、图2和图3，一种基于热化学储能的动力电池低温应急加热启动方法，步骤S5、监测保护：通过在板式换热器2的进出口处设置温度传感器3和压力阀4其内部压力和温度，当板式换热器2进出口内压力超过2.5MPa时压力阀4会打开并释放流体或气体，当压力阀4打开释放流体或气体时系统内部压力会降低，以降低压力有助于防止反应槽5或板式换热器2爆炸或管道破裂，从而减少潜在的危险；Please refer to Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, a low-temperature emergency heating start method of power battery based on thermochemical energy storage, step S5, monitoring and protection: by setting the temperature sensor 3 and pressure at the inlet and outlet of the plate heat exchanger 2 The internal pressure and temperature of valve 4. When the pressure in the inlet and outlet of plate heat exchanger 2 exceeds 2.5MPa, pressure valve 4 will open and release fluid or gas. When pressure valve 4 opens to release fluid or gas, the internal pressure of the system will decrease to Reducing the pressure helps prevent the reaction tank 5 or plate heat exchanger 2 from exploding or pipe rupture, thereby reducing potential dangers;
温度传感器3与流量流速传感器配合组成监测系统，监测系统用于监测板式换热器2进出口的流量流速与温度，并监测动力电池1的温度，当动力电池1的温度超过15℃监测系统则会与控制系统配合控制压力阀4关闭停止为板式换热器2提供热传递液，温度传感器3测量到的温度数据会传递给控制系统，控制系统则会利用温度监测算法对温度进行分析并根据温度选择是否执行热化学反应，当温度没有达到-5℃，则继续进行低温检测；The temperature sensor 3 and the flow rate sensor cooperate to form a monitoring system. The monitoring system is used to monitor the flow rate and temperature of the inlet and outlet of the plate heat exchanger 2, and monitor the temperature of the power battery 1. When the temperature of the power battery 1 exceeds 15°C, the monitoring system It will cooperate with the control system to control the pressure valve 4 to close and stop providing heat transfer fluid to the plate heat exchanger 2. The temperature data measured by the temperature sensor 3 will be transmitted to the control system. The control system will use the temperature monitoring algorithm to analyze the temperature and calculate the temperature according to the Temperature selects whether to perform thermochemical reactions. When the temperature does not reach -5℃, low temperature detection will continue;
进一步，在板式换热器2的进出口处安装温度传感器3和压力阀4，利用压力阀4监测板式换热器2进出口内部的压力，并将监测到的数据传输给监测系统，监测系统会与控制系统协同，在压力超过2.5MPa时控制压力阀4打开，释放流体或气体，同时监测系统会利用温度传感器3监测动力电池1的温度，当动力电池1温度超过15℃，监测系统则会与控制系统配合控制压力阀4关闭停止为板式换热器2提供热传递液，从而提供监测保护，提高安全性，温度监测系统可以使用传感器来测量温度，然后与控制系统连接，以执行必要的操作。Further, a temperature sensor 3 and a pressure valve 4 are installed at the inlet and outlet of the plate heat exchanger 2, and the pressure valve 4 is used to monitor the pressure inside the inlet and outlet of the plate heat exchanger 2, and the monitored data is transmitted to the monitoring system. The monitoring system It will cooperate with the control system to control the pressure valve 4 to open when the pressure exceeds 2.5MPa to release fluid or gas. At the same time, the monitoring system will use the temperature sensor 3 to monitor the temperature of the power battery 1. When the temperature of the power battery 1 exceeds 15°C, the monitoring system will It will cooperate with the control system to control the pressure valve 4 to close and stop providing heat transfer fluid to the plate heat exchanger 2, thereby providing monitoring protection and improving safety. The temperature monitoring system can use sensors to measure the temperature, and then connect with the control system to perform necessary operation.
实施例五：Embodiment five:
请参阅图1、图2和图3，一种基于热化学储能的动力电池低温应急加热启动方法，步骤S6、低温监测和热化学反应触发：当控制系统监测到动力电池1任何部分的温度下降到-5℃时系统将触发温度监测算法，使控制系统打开进水口6，使水引入反应槽5中与氢氧化锂接触产生化学反应进行放热，同时打开压力阀4使氢氧化锂与水接触混合形成的热传递液进在板式换热器2中流通，使板式换热器2将热量传递给动力电池1，对动力电池1进行加热，提高动力电池1的温度，将水引入反应槽5中与氢氧化锂反应的化学方程式如下：Please refer to Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, a low-temperature emergency heating start method of power battery based on thermochemical energy storage, step S6, low temperature monitoring and thermochemical reaction trigger: when the control system monitors the temperature of any part of power battery 1 When the temperature drops to -5℃, the system will trigger the temperature monitoring algorithm, causing the control system to open the water inlet 6, so that water is introduced into the reaction tank 5 to contact with lithium hydroxide to produce a chemical reaction to release heat, and at the same time, the pressure valve 4 is opened to allow the lithium hydroxide to react with The heat transfer liquid formed by water contact and mixing flows into the plate heat exchanger 2, so that the plate heat exchanger 2 transfers heat to the power battery 1, heats the power battery 1, increases the temperature of the power battery 1, and introduces water into the reaction The chemical equation for the reaction with lithium hydroxide in tank 5 is as follows:
LiOH+H2O→Li++OH-+H2OLiOH+H 2 O→Li + +OH - +H 2 O
在这个反应中，氢氧化锂在水中离解成锂离子和氢氧根离子，是一个放热反应，会产生大量热量；In this reaction, lithium hydroxide dissociates into lithium ions and hydroxide ions in water, which is an exothermic reaction and generates a large amount of heat;
进一步，一旦开始进行热化学反应，监测系统将利用温度传感器3持续监测动力电池1的温度，同时控制系统会持续监测板式换热器2进出口温度和压力阀4，当检测温度发生异常控制系统将自动进入安全模式，控制关闭所有设备并报警提示工作人员进行检修，控制系统会根据温度传感器3的反馈，控制压力阀4的开度，使热传递液的流量和流速增加，从而加快热传递液与动力电池1的热量交换，提高动力电池1的温度，当动力电池1的温度升高后，控制系统会逐渐减小压力阀4的开度，使热传递液的流量和流速降低，从而减缓热传递液与动力电池1的热量交换，保持动力电池1的温度稳定。Furthermore, once the thermochemical reaction starts, the monitoring system will use the temperature sensor 3 to continuously monitor the temperature of the power battery 1. At the same time, the control system will continue to monitor the inlet and outlet temperature of the plate heat exchanger 2 and the pressure valve 4. When an abnormality occurs in the detected temperature, the control system It will automatically enter the safe mode, control to shut down all equipment and alarm to prompt the staff for maintenance. The control system will control the opening of the pressure valve 4 based on the feedback from the temperature sensor 3, so as to increase the flow and velocity of the heat transfer fluid, thereby accelerating heat transfer. The heat exchange between the fluid and the power battery 1 increases the temperature of the power battery 1. When the temperature of the power battery 1 rises, the control system will gradually reduce the opening of the pressure valve 4, causing the flow and velocity of the heat transfer fluid to decrease, thus Slow down the heat exchange between the heat transfer fluid and the power battery 1 and keep the temperature of the power battery 1 stable.
实施例六：Embodiment 6:
请参阅图1、图2和图3，一种基于热化学储能的动力电池低温应急加热启动方法，包括动力电池1，动力电池1的底部设置有热化学储能装置，热化学储能装置包括设置在动力电池1底部的板式换热器2，板式换热器2的进出口处安装有温度传感器3和压力阀4，且压力阀4位于温度传感器3远离板式换热器2的一侧，板式换热器2的进口处连接有反应槽5，反应槽5内放置有氢氧化锂，反应槽5的一侧贯穿安装有进水口6；Please refer to Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3. A low-temperature emergency heating starting method of a power battery based on thermochemical energy storage includes a power battery 1. A thermochemical energy storage device is provided at the bottom of the power battery 1. The thermochemical energy storage device It includes a plate heat exchanger 2 arranged at the bottom of the power battery 1. A temperature sensor 3 and a pressure valve 4 are installed at the inlet and outlet of the plate heat exchanger 2, and the pressure valve 4 is located on the side of the temperature sensor 3 away from the plate heat exchanger 2. , the inlet of the plate heat exchanger 2 is connected to a reaction tank 5, lithium hydroxide is placed in the reaction tank 5, and a water inlet 6 is installed through one side of the reaction tank 5;
进一步，动力电池1能够为电力提供储存空间，并且能够为板式换热器2提供支撑，板式换热器2用于为热交换液体提供流通通道，并利用热交换液体传递热量，将热量传递给动力电池1，并且能够为压力阀4和温度传感器3提供支撑，温度传感器3能够监测板式换热器2进出口处的温度，同时控制系统能够利用其他温度传感器3监测动力电池1的温度，而压力阀4能够控制进出口的开度，方便调节流量和流速，而反应槽5能够为氢氧化锂提供储存空间，并能够为氢氧化锂提供与水发生反应的空间，而进水口6能够为水提供进入反应槽5中的通道。Furthermore, the power battery 1 can provide storage space for electricity, and can provide support for the plate heat exchanger 2. The plate heat exchanger 2 is used to provide a circulation channel for the heat exchange liquid, and uses the heat exchange liquid to transfer heat, and transfer the heat to Power battery 1, and can provide support for the pressure valve 4 and temperature sensor 3. The temperature sensor 3 can monitor the temperature at the inlet and outlet of the plate heat exchanger 2. At the same time, the control system can use other temperature sensors 3 to monitor the temperature of the power battery 1, and The pressure valve 4 can control the opening of the inlet and outlet to facilitate the adjustment of flow rate and flow rate, while the reaction tank 5 can provide storage space for lithium hydroxide and a space for lithium hydroxide to react with water, while the water inlet 6 can provide Water provides access into the reaction tank 5 .
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as illustrative and non-restrictive from any point of view, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is therefore intended that all claims falling within the claims All changes within the meaning and scope of equivalent elements are included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims shall not be construed as limiting the claim in question.
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