CN117317455B - Power battery low-temperature emergency heating starting method based on thermochemical energy storage - Google Patents
Power battery low-temperature emergency heating starting method based on thermochemical energy storage Download PDFInfo
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- CN117317455B CN117317455B CN202311587590.8A CN202311587590A CN117317455B CN 117317455 B CN117317455 B CN 117317455B CN 202311587590 A CN202311587590 A CN 202311587590A CN 117317455 B CN117317455 B CN 117317455B
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 98
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 hydroxide ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- VMQMZMRVKUZKQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu+ Chemical compound [Cu+] VMQMZMRVKUZKQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-temperature emergency heating starting method of a power battery based on thermochemical energy storage, which relates to the technical field of low-temperature emergency heating starting of power batteries and comprises the steps of selecting materials, selecting materials for selecting manufacturing materials, manufacturing and installing the materials after the materials are selected, manufacturing and installing the materials for manufacturing a plate heat exchanger and a reaction tank and connecting the materials with the power battery, manufacturing the plate heat exchanger by selecting copper materials, manufacturing the plate heat exchanger to be the same as the sizes of the power battery and the reaction tank in length and width, and simultaneously ensuring that the cross section area of a flow passage of heat transfer liquid of the plate heat exchanger is 0.2m 3 And the flow rate of the heat transfer liquid is adjusted to be 1.4m/s and the flow rate is adjusted to be 0.28L/s, so that the heat transfer efficiency is improved to the greatest extent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of low-temperature emergency heating and starting of power batteries, in particular to a low-temperature emergency heating and starting method of a power battery based on thermochemical energy storage.
Background
The low-temperature emergency heating starting method of the power battery is a technical scheme for solving the problem that the power battery cannot be started and operated normally in a low-temperature environment, and the SOC of the power battery is reduced and the charge and discharge performance is affected in the low-temperature environment. This can lead to the unable normal start-up of vehicle and operation, uses on-vehicle heating device and external charging facility to preheat generally, and heating efficiency is not high, heating device's burden is heavier, and a power battery low temperature emergency heating starting method based on thermochemical energy storage can provide convenience for power battery low temperature start-up.
The existing low-temperature emergency heating starting method for the power battery has the following defects:
in JP2005214011, a heating system of an energy storage device for a vehicle is disclosed which mainly considers how to maintain the power battery temperature at a level that ensures the starting of an electric vehicle by a control mode, and is capable of maintaining the power battery temperature at a mode that ensures the best performance of the vehicle, and does not consider the problem of how to improve the heat transfer efficiency;
in application document CN112910049a, an auxiliary device for low-temperature starting of an electric heating vehicle is disclosed, which mainly considers how to meet the low-temperature starting requirement of an army vehicle, but does not consider how to cope with the faults of a thermochemical energy storage device or related facilities, and improves the reliability of the system;
in patent document CN111769341B, a power battery low-temperature starting emergency heating device based on thermochemical energy storage and a control method thereof are disclosed, mainly considering how to solve the problems of difficult starting, low capacity and reduced stability of the power battery at low temperature, but not considering how to provide monitoring protection;
4. patent document CN108232344B discloses a low-temperature heating system and method for a power battery coupled with a non-dissipative equalization system, which mainly consider how to solve the problems of low-temperature charging of the power battery and cold starting of an electric automobile, but do not consider how to rapidly provide heat, and the problem of long starting time of the power battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a power battery low-temperature emergency heating starting method based on thermochemical energy storage so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the low-temperature emergency heating starting method of the power battery based on thermochemical energy storage comprises the steps of selecting materials, wherein the materials are used for selecting manufacturing materials, manufacturing and mounting are needed after the materials are selected, and the manufacturing and mounting are used for manufacturing a plate heat exchanger and a reaction tank and are connected with the power battery;
when the materials are selected, copper materials are selected to manufacture the plate heat exchanger, the plate heat exchanger is used for absorbing heat conduction, the size is required to be controlled to be consistent with that of the power battery when the plate heat exchanger is manufactured, and the cross section area of a flow passage of the plate heat exchanger is controlled to be 0.2m 2 And then, arranging a temperature sensor and a pressure valve at the inlet and outlet of the plate heat exchanger and providing a control system, wherein the control system is used for controlling the opening degree of the pressure valve under the feedback of the temperature sensor and adjusting the flow rate and the flow velocity.
Preferably, the low-temperature emergency heating starting method of the power battery comprises the following steps:
step S1, material selection: 1. copper;
2. lithium hydroxide;
3. heat-resistant steel;
s2, manufacturing and installing: the plate heat exchanger is manufactured by selecting copper material, the size of the plate heat exchanger is made to be the same as the size of the power battery in length and width, and the cross section area of the flow passage of the heat transfer liquid of the plate heat exchanger is ensured to be 0.2m 2 ；
The reaction tank is designed and manufactured by using heat-resistant steel as a thermochemical energy storage device, a water inlet is arranged on the reaction tank for being connected with a water supply pipeline, lithium hydroxide is used as a chemical reaction material in the thermochemical energy storage device, and the reaction tank is connected with an inlet of the plate heat exchanger.
Preferably, the low-temperature emergency heating starting method of the power battery further comprises the following steps:
step S3, a control system: the temperature of the heat transfer liquid is monitored by installing a temperature sensor at the inlet and outlet of the plate heat exchanger, meanwhile, the flow rate and the flow rate of the heat transfer liquid in the plate heat exchanger are monitored by using a flow rate and flow rate sensor, the opening degree of a pressure valve is adjusted according to the feedback of the temperature sensor, the flow rate of the heat transfer liquid is controlled to be 1.4m/s, and the flow rate of the heat transfer liquid is controlled to be 0.28L/s.
Preferably, the low-temperature emergency heating starting method of the power battery further comprises the following steps:
step S4, multiple backup: an electric blanket which is 1.5 times longer and wider than the power battery is used, the electric blanket is covered on the top, two sides, the front and the back of the power battery, and meanwhile, the electric blanket is fixed by using a binding belt and a clamp, so that the plate heat exchanger is tightly contacted with the bottom of the power battery, and the electric blanket is connected to a power supply.
Preferably, the low-temperature emergency heating starting method of the power battery further comprises the following steps:
step S5, monitoring and protecting: by arranging a temperature sensor and a pressure valve at the inlet and the outlet of the plate heat exchanger, the pressure valve can be opened to release fluid or gas when the pressure in the inlet and the outlet of the plate heat exchanger exceeds 2.5 MPa;
the temperature sensor is matched with the flow rate and flow velocity sensor to form a monitoring system, the monitoring system is used for monitoring the flow rate and the temperature of an inlet and an outlet of the plate heat exchanger and monitoring the temperature of the power battery, and when the temperature of the power battery exceeds 15 ℃, the monitoring system is matched with the control system to control the pressure valve to be closed so as to stop providing heat transfer liquid for the plate heat exchanger;
step S6, low-temperature monitoring and thermochemical reaction triggering: when the control system monitors that the temperature of any part of the power battery (1) is reduced to minus 5 ℃, the system triggers a temperature monitoring algorithm, so that the control system opens a water inlet, water is led into a reaction tank to contact with lithium hydroxide to generate chemical reaction to release heat, and meanwhile, a pressure valve is opened to enable heat transfer liquid formed by contact and mixing of the lithium hydroxide and the water to flow in a plate heat exchanger, so that the plate heat exchanger transfers heat to the power battery to heat the power battery, and the temperature of the power battery is increased.
Preferably, in the step S2, the method further includes the following steps:
step S21, the calculation formula of the cross-sectional area is as follows:
A=Q/V
wherein Q is flow, A is cross-sectional area, and V is flow rate;
step S22, the plate heat exchanger 2, the reaction tank 5 and lithium hydroxide are matched to form a thermochemical energy storage device which is used for heating the power battery by thermochemical.
Preferably, in the step S4, the method further includes the following steps:
step S41, connecting an electric blanket to a power supply and turning on a power switch, wherein the electric blanket is electrified to generate heat and transmits the heat to a power battery, so that the power battery absorbs the heat and gradually heats up, thereby heating the power battery, and multiple backups are formed by utilizing the cooperation of the electric blanket and a thermochemical energy storage device.
Preferably, in the step S5, the method further includes the following steps:
step S51, when the pressure valve is opened to release the fluid or gas, the internal pressure of the system is reduced;
the temperature data measured by the temperature sensor is transmitted to the control system, the control system analyzes the temperature by utilizing a temperature monitoring algorithm and selects whether to execute thermochemical reaction according to the temperature, and when the temperature does not reach-5 ℃, the control system continues to detect the low temperature.
Preferably, in the step S6, the method further includes the following steps:
step S61, introducing water into the reaction tank to react with lithium hydroxide, wherein the chemical equation is as follows:
LiOH+H 2 O→Li + +OH - +H 2 O
the lithium hydroxide is dissociated into lithium ions and hydroxide ions in water to release heat;
meanwhile, the temperature sensor is used by the monitoring system to continuously monitor the temperature of the power battery, meanwhile, the temperature of the inlet and outlet of the plate heat exchanger and the pressure valve are continuously monitored by the control system, when the detected temperature is abnormal, the control system automatically enters a safety mode, controls all equipment to be closed, and alarms to prompt staff to overhaul.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention manufactures the plate heat exchanger by selecting copper material, and the size of the plate heat exchanger is made into the same length and width as the size of the power battery and the reaction tank, and simultaneously ensures that the cross section area of the flow passage of the heat transfer liquid of the plate heat exchanger is 0.2m 2 The heat transfer surface area is increased, more effective heat transfer is promoted, a temperature sensor and a pressure valve are arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the plate heat exchanger, the opening of the pressure valve is regulated by a control system, so that the flow rate of heat transfer liquid is regulated to 1.4m/s, the flow rate of the heat transfer liquid is controlled to 0.28L/s, the cooling liquid provides more heat transfer time in the plate heat exchanger, and the proper flow rate of the cooling liquid is ensured to be in the plate heat exchangerThe best heat transfer effect is realized, and the heat transfer efficiency is further improved to the greatest extent.
2. The invention uses lithium hydroxide as chemical reaction material in the thermochemical energy storage device, uses a reaction tank designed by heat-resistant steel to store lithium hydroxide, and simultaneously uses an electric blanket which is 1.5 times longer and wider than the power battery, covers the top, two sides, front and back of the power battery, and simultaneously uses a binding belt and a clamp to fix the electric blanket, so that the plate heat exchanger is closely contacted with the bottom of the power battery, the electric blanket is connected to a power supply and a power switch is turned on, the electric blanket is electrified to generate heat, and transmits the heat to the power battery, so that the power battery absorbs the heat to gradually heat the power battery, thereby realizing heating of the power battery, reducing the internal resistance of the power battery, enabling the power battery to release stored electric energy more easily in a low-temperature environment, forming multiple backup with the thermochemical energy storage device, using the electric blanket to heat the power battery when the thermochemical energy storage device fails to use accidentally, assisting the power battery to start, thereby coping with the faults of the thermochemical energy storage device or related facilities, and improving the reliability of the system.
3. According to the invention, the temperature sensor and the pressure are arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the plate heat exchanger, the pressure valve is used for monitoring the pressure inside the inlet and the outlet of the plate heat exchanger, the monitored data are transmitted to the monitoring system, the monitoring system can cooperate with the control system, when the pressure exceeds 2.5MPa, the pressure valve is controlled to be opened to release fluid or gas, meanwhile, the temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature of the power battery, when the temperature of the power battery exceeds 15 ℃, the monitoring system can cooperate with the control system to control the pressure valve to be closed to stop providing heat transfer liquid for the plate heat exchanger, so that the monitoring protection is provided, and the safety is improved.
4. The temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature of the power battery, and when the temperature of any part of the power battery is reduced to minus 5 ℃, the control system triggers a temperature monitoring algorithm to open the water inlet of the control system, so that water is introduced into the reaction tank to be contacted with lithium hydroxide to generate LiOH+H 2 O→Li + +OH - +H 2 O chemical reaction, lithium hydroxide in waterThe dissociation into lithium ion and hydroxyl ion is an exothermic reaction, a large amount of heat can be generated to form heat transfer liquid, meanwhile, a pressure valve is opened to enable the heat transfer liquid formed by contact and mixing of lithium hydroxide and water to flow in the plate heat exchanger, the plate heat exchanger is enabled to transfer the heat to the power battery, the power battery is heated, the temperature of the power battery is increased, and an electric blanket is matched to ensure that enough heat is provided for the power battery under the low-temperature condition, so that the starting time of the power battery is shortened.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the thermochemical energy storage structure of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a power battery; 2. a plate heat exchanger; 3. a temperature sensor; 4. a pressure valve; 5. a reaction tank; 6. and a water inlet.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, a power battery low-temperature emergency heating starting method based on thermochemical energy storage includes steps of S1, material selection: 1. copper: manufacturing a plate heat exchanger 2;
2. lithium hydroxide: as a thermochemical reactant;
3. heat-resistant steel: manufacturing a reaction tank 5;
further, the materials are selected for selecting manufacturing materials, and after the materials are selected, manufacturing and installation are needed, and the manufacturing and installation are used for manufacturing the plate heat exchanger 2 and the reaction tank 5 and are connected with the power battery 1;
selection at material selectionThe plate heat exchanger 2 is made of copper material, the plate heat exchanger 2 is used for absorbing heat conduction, the control size is consistent with the power battery 1 when the plate heat exchanger 2 is manufactured, and the cross section area of the flow passage of the plate heat exchanger 2 is controlled to be 0.2m 2 A temperature sensor 3 and a pressure valve 4 are then arranged at the inlet and outlet of the plate heat exchanger 2 and a control system is provided for controlling the opening of the pressure valve 4 under feedback from the temperature sensor 3, regulating the flow and the flow rate.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, a power battery low-temperature emergency heating starting method based on thermochemical energy storage includes steps of S2, manufacturing and installing: the plate heat exchanger 2 is manufactured by selecting copper material, and the plate heat exchanger 2 is sized to have the same length and width as those of the power cell 1, while ensuring that the cross-sectional area of the flow passage of the heat transfer liquid of the plate heat exchanger 2 is 0.2m 2 The plate heat exchanger 2, the reaction tank 5 and lithium hydroxide are matched to form a thermochemical energy storage device, and the thermochemical energy storage device is used for utilizing the thermochemical heating power battery 1 to ensure that the optimal heat transfer efficiency is realized under different load conditions;
the cross-sectional area is calculated as follows:
A=Q/V
wherein Q is flow, A is cross-sectional area, and V is flow rate;
the reaction tank 5 is designed and manufactured by using heat-resistant steel as a thermochemical energy storage device, a water inlet is arranged on the reaction tank 5 and is used for being connected with a water supply pipeline, lithium hydroxide is used as a chemical reaction material in the thermochemical energy storage device, and the reaction tank 5 is connected with the inlet of the plate heat exchanger 2;
further, step S3, the control system: the temperature of the heat transfer liquid is monitored by installing the temperature sensor 3 at the inlet and outlet of the plate heat exchanger 2, meanwhile, the flow rate and the flow rate of the heat transfer liquid in the plate heat exchanger 2 are monitored by utilizing the flow rate and flow rate sensor, the opening degree of the pressure valve 4 is adjusted according to the feedback of the temperature sensor 3, the flow rate of the heat transfer liquid is controlled to be 1.4m/s, and the flow rate of the heat transfer liquid is controlled to be 0.28L/s, so that the cooling liquid provides more heat transfer time in the heat exchanger, the proper flow rate of the cooling liquid is ensured, and the optimal heat transfer effect in the heat exchanger is realized.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, a power battery low-temperature emergency heating starting method based on thermochemical energy storage includes steps of S4, multiple backup: an electric blanket which is 1.5 times longer and wider than the power battery 1 is used, the electric blanket is covered on the top, two sides, the front and the back of the power battery 1, and the electric blanket is fixed by using a binding belt and a clamp, so that the plate heat exchanger 2 is tightly contacted with the bottom of the power battery 1, and the electric blanket is connected to a power supply;
further, the electric blanket is connected to a power supply and the power switch is turned on, the electric blanket is electrified to generate heat, the heat is transferred to the power battery 1, the battery starts to be heated, the internal resistance of the battery is reduced, the power battery 1 releases stored electric energy more easily in a low-temperature environment, the power battery 1 absorbs the heat to gradually heat, and therefore the power battery 1 is heated, and multiple backups are formed by the cooperation of the electric blanket and the thermochemical energy storage device.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, a power battery low-temperature emergency heating starting method based on thermochemical energy storage, step S5, monitoring and protecting: by providing the temperature sensor 3 and the pressure valve 4 at the inlet and outlet of the plate heat exchanger 2, the pressure valve 4 can be opened to release the fluid or gas when the pressure in the inlet and outlet of the plate heat exchanger 2 exceeds 2.5MPa, and the internal pressure of the system can be reduced when the pressure valve 4 is opened to release the fluid or gas, so that the reduced pressure helps to prevent the explosion or pipeline rupture of the reaction tank 5 or the plate heat exchanger 2, thereby reducing the potential danger;
the temperature sensor 3 and the flow rate sensor are matched to form a monitoring system, the monitoring system is used for monitoring the flow rate and the temperature of an inlet and an outlet of the plate heat exchanger 2 and monitoring the temperature of the power battery 1, when the temperature of the power battery 1 exceeds 15 ℃, the monitoring system is matched with the control system to control the pressure valve 4 to close and stop providing heat transfer liquid for the plate heat exchanger 2, temperature data measured by the temperature sensor 3 are transmitted to the control system, the control system can analyze the temperature by utilizing a temperature monitoring algorithm and select whether to execute thermochemical reaction according to the temperature, and when the temperature does not reach-5 ℃, low-temperature detection is continued;
further, a temperature sensor 3 and a pressure valve 4 are installed at the inlet and outlet of the plate heat exchanger 2, the pressure inside the inlet and outlet of the plate heat exchanger 2 is monitored by the pressure valve 4, the monitored data is transmitted to a monitoring system, the monitoring system can cooperate with a control system, the pressure valve 4 is controlled to be opened when the pressure exceeds 2.5MPa to release fluid or gas, meanwhile, the monitoring system can monitor the temperature of the power battery 1 by the temperature sensor 3, when the temperature of the power battery 1 exceeds 15 ℃, the monitoring system can cooperate with the control system to control the pressure valve 4 to be closed to stop providing heat transfer liquid for the plate heat exchanger 2, so that monitoring protection is provided, safety is improved, the temperature monitoring system can use the sensor to measure the temperature and then is connected with the control system to execute necessary operations.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, a power battery low-temperature emergency heating starting method based on thermochemical energy storage includes steps of S6, low-temperature monitoring and thermochemical reaction triggering: when the control system monitors that the temperature of any part of the power battery 1 is reduced to minus 5 ℃, the system triggers a temperature monitoring algorithm, the control system opens the water inlet 6, water is led into the reaction tank 5 to be contacted with lithium hydroxide to generate chemical reaction to release heat, meanwhile, the pressure valve 4 is opened to enable heat transfer liquid formed by contact and mixing of the lithium hydroxide and the water to flow in the plate heat exchanger 2, the plate heat exchanger 2 is enabled to transfer heat to the power battery 1, the power battery 1 is heated, the temperature of the power battery 1 is increased, and the chemical equation of the water led into the reaction tank 5 to react with the lithium hydroxide is as follows:
LiOH+H 2 O→Li + +OH - +H 2 O
in this reaction, lithium hydroxide dissociates into lithium ions and hydroxide ions in water, an exothermic reaction, which generates a large amount of heat;
further, once the thermochemical reaction starts, the monitoring system continuously monitors the temperature of the power battery 1 by using the temperature sensor 3, meanwhile, the control system continuously monitors the inlet and outlet temperatures of the plate heat exchanger 2 and the pressure valve 4, when the detected temperature is abnormal, the control system automatically enters a safety mode, controls and closes all equipment and alarms to prompt workers to overhaul, the control system controls the opening degree of the pressure valve 4 according to the feedback of the temperature sensor 3, so that the flow rate and the flow velocity of the heat transfer liquid are increased, the heat exchange between the heat transfer liquid and the power battery 1 is quickened, the temperature of the power battery 1 is improved, after the temperature of the power battery 1 is increased, the control system gradually reduces the opening degree of the pressure valve 4, so that the flow rate and the flow velocity of the heat transfer liquid are reduced, the heat exchange between the heat transfer liquid and the power battery 1 is slowed down, and the temperature of the power battery 1 is kept stable.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, a power battery low-temperature emergency heating starting method based on thermochemical energy storage comprises a power battery 1, wherein a thermochemical energy storage device is arranged at the bottom of the power battery 1, the thermochemical energy storage device comprises a plate heat exchanger 2 arranged at the bottom of the power battery 1, a temperature sensor 3 and a pressure valve 4 are arranged at an inlet and an outlet of the plate heat exchanger 2, the pressure valve 4 is positioned at one side, far away from the plate heat exchanger 2, of the temperature sensor 3, a reaction tank 5 is connected at an inlet of the plate heat exchanger 2, lithium hydroxide is placed in the reaction tank 5, and a water inlet 6 is arranged on one side of the reaction tank 5 in a penetrating manner;
further, the power battery 1 can provide a storage space for electric power and can provide support for the plate heat exchanger 2, the plate heat exchanger 2 is used for providing a circulation channel for heat exchange liquid and transmitting heat to the power battery 1 by utilizing the heat exchange liquid to transmit heat, and can provide support for the pressure valve 4 and the temperature sensor 3, the temperature sensor 3 can monitor the temperature at the inlet and the outlet of the plate heat exchanger 2, meanwhile, the control system can monitor the temperature of the power battery 1 by utilizing other temperature sensors 3, the pressure valve 4 can control the opening of the inlet and the outlet, the flow rate and the flow velocity are convenient to adjust, the reaction tank 5 can provide a storage space for lithium hydroxide and a space for lithium hydroxide to react with water, and the water inlet 6 can provide a channel for water to enter the reaction tank 5.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (3)
1. A power battery low-temperature emergency heating starting method based on thermochemical energy storage is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the steps of selecting materials, selecting manufacturing materials, manufacturing and installing the materials after the materials are selected, and connecting the manufacturing and installing materials with a power battery (1) for manufacturing a plate heat exchanger (2) and a reaction tank (5);
when the materials are selected, copper materials are selected to manufacture the plate heat exchanger (2), the plate heat exchanger (2) is used for absorbing heat conduction, the size is required to be controlled to be consistent with that of the power battery (1) when the plate heat exchanger (2) is manufactured, and the cross section area of a flow passage of the plate heat exchanger (2) is controlled to be 0.2m 2 A temperature sensor (3) and a pressure valve (4) are arranged at the inlet and outlet of the plate heat exchanger (2) and a control system is provided, and the control system is used for controlling the opening of the pressure valve (4) under the feedback of the temperature sensor (3) and adjusting the flow rate and the flow velocity;
the low-temperature emergency heating starting method of the power battery comprises the following steps:
step S1, material selection: copper (I);
(II) lithium hydroxide;
thirdly, heat-resistant steel;
s2, manufacturing and installing: the plate heat exchanger (2) is manufactured by selecting copper material, the size of the plate heat exchanger (2) is made to be the same as the size of the power battery (1) in length and width, and the cross section area of the flow passage of the heat transfer liquid of the plate heat exchanger (2) is ensured to be 0.2m 2 ；
The heat-resistant steel is used for designing and manufacturing the reaction tank (5) as a thermochemical energy storage device, a water inlet is arranged on the reaction tank (5) and is used for being connected with a water supply pipeline, lithium hydroxide is used as a chemical reaction material in the thermochemical energy storage device, and the reaction tank (5) is connected with the inlet of the plate heat exchanger (2);
the low-temperature emergency heating starting method of the power battery further comprises the following steps:
step S3, a control system: the temperature of the heat transfer liquid is monitored by installing a temperature sensor (3) at the inlet and outlet of the plate heat exchanger (2), meanwhile, the flow rate and the flow rate of the heat transfer liquid in the plate heat exchanger (2) are monitored by using a flow rate and flow rate sensor, the opening degree of a pressure valve (4) is adjusted according to the feedback of the temperature sensor (3), the flow rate of the heat transfer liquid is controlled to be 1.4m/s, and the flow rate of the heat transfer liquid is controlled to be 0.28L/s;
the low-temperature emergency heating starting method of the power battery further comprises the following steps:
step S4, multiple backup: an electric blanket which is 1.5 times longer and wider than the power battery (1) is used, the electric blanket is covered on the top, two sides, the front and the back of the power battery (1), and the electric blanket is fixed by using a binding belt and a clamp, so that the plate heat exchanger (2) is tightly contacted with the bottom of the power battery (1), and the electric blanket is connected to a power supply;
the low-temperature emergency heating starting method of the power battery further comprises the following steps:
step S5, monitoring and protecting: by arranging a temperature sensor (3) and a pressure valve (4) at the inlet and outlet of the plate heat exchanger (2), the pressure valve (4) can be opened to release fluid or gas when the pressure in the inlet and outlet of the plate heat exchanger (2) exceeds 2.5 MPa;
the temperature sensor (3) is matched with the flow rate and flow velocity sensor to form a monitoring system, the monitoring system is used for monitoring the flow rate and the temperature of an inlet and an outlet of the plate heat exchanger (2) and monitoring the temperature of the power battery (1), and when the temperature of the power battery (1) exceeds 15 ℃, the monitoring system is matched with the control system to control the pressure valve (4) to be closed so as to stop providing heat transfer liquid for the plate heat exchanger (2);
step S6, low-temperature monitoring and thermochemical reaction triggering: when the control system monitors that the temperature of any part of the power battery (1) is reduced to minus 5 ℃, the system triggers a temperature monitoring algorithm, so that the control system opens a water inlet (6), water is led into a reaction tank (5) to contact with lithium hydroxide to generate chemical reaction to release heat, meanwhile, a pressure valve (4) is opened to enable heat transfer liquid formed by contact and mixing of the lithium hydroxide and the water to flow in a plate heat exchanger (2), the plate heat exchanger (2) is enabled to transfer heat to the power battery (1), the power battery (1) is heated, and the temperature of the power battery (1) is increased;
the step S4 further includes the following steps:
step S41, connecting an electric blanket to a power supply and turning on a power switch, wherein the electric blanket is electrified to generate heat and transmits the heat to the power battery (1), so that the power battery (1) absorbs the heat and gradually heats up, thereby heating the power battery (1), and multiple backups are formed by utilizing the cooperation of the electric blanket and a thermochemical energy storage device;
the step S5 further includes the following steps:
step S51, when the pressure valve (4) is opened to release the fluid or gas, the internal pressure of the system is reduced;
the temperature data measured by the temperature sensor (3) are transmitted to the control system, the control system analyzes the temperature by utilizing a temperature monitoring algorithm and selects whether to execute thermochemical reaction according to the temperature, and when the temperature does not reach-5 ℃, the low-temperature detection is continued.
2. The thermochemical energy storage-based power cell low-temperature emergency heating starting method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step S2 further includes the following steps:
step S21, the calculation formula of the cross-sectional area is as follows:
A=Q/V
wherein Q is flow, A is cross-sectional area, and V is flow rate;
and S22, the plate heat exchanger (2), the reaction tank (5) and lithium hydroxide are matched to form a thermochemical energy storage device which is used for heating the power battery (1) by using thermochemical.
3. The thermochemical energy storage-based power cell low-temperature emergency heating starting method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step S6 further includes the following steps:
step S61, introducing water into the reaction tank (5) to react with lithium hydroxide, wherein the chemical equation is as follows:
LiOH+H 2 O→Li + +OH - +H 2 O
the lithium hydroxide is dissociated into lithium ions and hydroxide ions in water to release heat;
meanwhile, the temperature sensor (3) is utilized by the monitoring system to continuously monitor the temperature of the power battery (1), meanwhile, the temperature of the inlet and outlet of the plate heat exchanger (2) and the pressure valve (4) are continuously monitored by the control system, when the abnormal temperature is detected, the control system automatically enters a safety mode, controls all equipment to be closed, and alarms to prompt staff to overhaul.
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