CN117306588A - Environment-friendly ecological retaining wall building block and production process thereof - Google Patents
Environment-friendly ecological retaining wall building block and production process thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117306588A CN117306588A CN202311338451.1A CN202311338451A CN117306588A CN 117306588 A CN117306588 A CN 117306588A CN 202311338451 A CN202311338451 A CN 202311338451A CN 117306588 A CN117306588 A CN 117306588A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- block
- concrete
- retaining wall
- structural
- building block
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 157
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000537371 Fraxinus caroliniana Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010891 Ptelea trifoliata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims 6
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000011469 building brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010016807 Fluid retention Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/08—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting
- B28B1/087—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting by means acting on the mould ; Fixation thereof to the mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
- B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/02—Moulds with adjustable parts specially for modifying at will the dimensions or form of the moulded article
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/22—Moulds for making units for prefabricated buildings, i.e. units each comprising an important section of at least two limiting planes of a room or space, e.g. cells; Moulds for making prefabricated stair units
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
- B28C5/003—Methods for mixing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
- C04B18/08—Flue dust, i.e. fly ash
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/14—Waste materials; Refuse from metallurgical processes
- C04B18/141—Slags
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/16—Waste materials; Refuse from building or ceramic industry
- C04B18/167—Recycled materials, i.e. waste materials reused in the production of the same materials
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
- E02D29/0258—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features
- E02D29/0266—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features made up of preformed elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological environment protection, in particular to an environment-friendly ecological retaining wall block and a production process thereof. The invention provides an environment-friendly ecological retaining wall building block which is of a block-shaped structure, wherein the upper surface of the block-shaped structure is provided with a groove, the building block comprises a structural part, a penetrating part and a groove, the structural part and the penetrating part are respectively positioned at two sides of the building block, and the groove is positioned at the upper part of the building block. According to the environment-friendly ecological retaining wall building block and the production process thereof, the fly ash, the blast furnace slag and the waste concrete blocks are added into the raw materials of the building block, so that the dependence on natural resources is reduced, the recycling of wastes is promoted, and the environment impact is reduced while the excessive utilization of the natural resources is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological environment protection, in particular to an environment-friendly ecological retaining wall block and a production process thereof.
Background
The environment-friendly ecological retaining wall block is an innovative product combining environmental protection, civil engineering and building material science. Conventional retaining wall structures typically use concrete or other non-renewable materials that can negatively impact the environment. Under the background of increasing environmental awareness, people adopt renewable materials or materials subjected to environmental treatment to prepare a sustainable retaining wall material so as to reduce dependence on natural resources, and meanwhile, the material has good compression resistance, impermeability and durability, and can meet the requirements of retaining wall structures. The design of such blocks also typically takes into account their impact on the ecosystem, such as providing vegetation covered surfaces, promoting vegetation growth, improving the surrounding environment, and having a good drainage system to mitigate rain water pollution to soil and groundwater.
Chinese patent publication No. CN108395156B discloses a method for preparing bricks for ecological landscape architecture. The building brick provided by the invention is H-shaped, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing 30-40 parts of cement, 20-30 parts of waste ceramic tile powder, 10-20 parts of diatomite, 10-20 parts of bentonite, 3-5 parts of microbial fertilizer and 0.5-1 part of photocatalyst additive according to parts by weight, adding water and uniformly stirring to form a concrete, sequentially adding the microbial fertilizer and the photocatalyst additive, continuously stirring to obtain a viscous paste, and placing the paste into a mould to press into an H-shaped brick body with connecting piles at two ends of the lower surface and a boss on the left side surface; then pressing first clamping grooves, right side pressing grooves and front side pressing planting holes vertically penetrating through the brick body at two ends of the upper surface of the brick body by using a pressing groove die; then pressing out second clamping grooves on the upper surface and the lower surface respectively, pressing out a placing groove between the two second clamping grooves on the upper surface, and demoulding and curing to obtain the building brick; the raw materials of the invention contain microbial fertilizer and photocatalyst additive, so that plants can be cultivated on bricks, and the ecological landscape architecture spliced by the bricks is beautiful and environment-friendly. Therefore, the invention does not consider the problems that the strength of the brick body is insufficient and the brick body cannot be perfectly matched with surrounding brick bodies when the brick for building is applied to places with large gradient and uneven surfaces and needs soil protection and erosion control.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides an environment-friendly ecological retaining wall block and a production process thereof, which are used for solving the problem that the strength and the water permeability of the block cannot be considered to cause the failure of the retaining capacity of the block along with the increase of the service time when the retaining wall block is applied to a place needing soil protection and erosion control in the prior art.
To achieve the above object, in one aspect, the present invention provides an environmental protection type ecological retaining wall block, which is a block structure having a groove on an upper surface, the block comprising a structural part, a penetration part and a groove, wherein:
the structure part and the penetration part are respectively positioned at two sides of the building block, and the groove is positioned at the upper part of the building block;
the structure part is connected with the penetrating part through a first connecting surface, the groove is arranged on the upper surface of the structure part after being connected with the penetrating part, the groove is not contacted with the outer side surface of the building block, and the first connecting surface is connected with the bottom surface and the side surface of the groove;
the grooves are used for filling planting soil and planting vegetation, and the height of the grooves is 1/2 of the height of the building blocks;
the structural part adopts structural concrete for providing support for the building block and preventing water in a groove from penetrating to the exposed surface of the building block, the water permeability coefficient of the structural concrete is less than or equal to 10 (-4) cm/s, and the structural concrete comprises 3 parts of cement, 8 parts of sand and 9 parts of structural aggregate;
the permeable part adopts permeable concrete, which is used for enabling moisture to permeate between the groove and the environmental soil, the permeability coefficient of the permeable concrete is more than or equal to 10 (-3) cm/s, and the permeable concrete comprises 1 part of cement and 9 parts of coarse aggregate;
wherein, the volume ratio of the structural concrete to the permeable concrete is less than or equal to 1:1, the water-ash mass ratio of the structural concrete is 0.5, and the water-ash mass ratio of the permeable concrete is 0.35.
Further, the structural aggregate in the structural concrete comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
recycled concrete aggregate: coarse aggregate: fine aggregate = 6:9:5, a step of;
the recycled concrete aggregate is obtained by crushing waste concrete blocks, the grain size range of the recycled concrete aggregate is 5-20 mm, and the strength of the waste concrete blocks is greater than or equal to that of the structural concrete;
the grain size range of the coarse aggregate is 10-20 mm, and the grain size range of the fine aggregate is 5-10 mm.
Further, the structural concrete comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
ordinary Portland cement: blast furnace slag: fly ash = 14:3:3.
further, the composition mass ratio of each component of cement in the permeable concrete is as follows:
ordinary Portland cement: blast furnace slag: fly ash = 3:4:3.
further, the infiltrated concrete further comprises:
the water reducing agent is used for reducing the cement requirement by reducing the water consumption of the permeable concrete, so that the compactness of the permeable concrete is reduced to improve the water permeability;
a recycled fiber to increase toughness of the infiltrated concrete and to reduce cracking of the infiltrated concrete;
and the pore generating agent is used for improving the water permeability of the building block by generating a pore structure in the permeable concrete and enabling the vegetation root system to contact with the environmental soil of the retaining wall through the permeable part of the building block.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a production process of the environment-friendly ecological retaining wall block, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing structural concrete;
step S11, ordinary Portland cement, fly ash, blast furnace slag, recycled concrete, crushed ore, broken stone, sand and water are weighed according to a proportion for standby;
step S12, crushing the recycled concrete into recycled concrete aggregate with the particle size of 5-20 mm, crushing the crushed ore and/or crushed stone into coarse aggregate with the particle size of 10-20 mm, and continuously crushing one third of the coarse aggregate into fine aggregate with the particle size of 5-10 mm;
step S13, adding water into the materials in the step S11 and the step S12, and stirring in a stirrer until the materials are uniformly mixed;
step S2, determining a movable mould block in a block mould according to the inclination of the retaining wall, and determining a first pouring height of a structural part of the block according to the inclination of the retaining wall and the movable mould block;
s3, pouring the structural concrete into a block mold to the first pouring height in a divided manner, and vibrating the block mold after each pouring to avoid air bubbles in the structural concrete so as to prepare a structural part of the block;
s4, preparing permeable concrete, and pouring the permeable concrete into the block mold in a divided manner and filling the permeable concrete to the whole pouring height of the block when the strength of the structural part is greater than or equal to the preset strength, so that the permeable concrete and the structural concrete are integrally formed;
the first pouring height is smaller than the integral pouring height of the building block.
Further, in the step S2, the block mold includes an outer mold and a movable mold block provided inside the outer mold, wherein:
the outer die is used for forming the overall shape of the building block, and the overall shape is a combined shape of the structural part shape, the penetrating part shape and the shape formed after the groove is filled;
the movable mould blocks comprise a first movable mould block and a second movable mould block, and are arranged on the inner side wall of the outer mould and used for forming the groove shape of the building block;
the first movable die block and the second movable die block are of three-dimensional structures with different sizes and same shape, and the size of the first die block is larger than that of the second die block;
the center of the inner side wall of the movable mould block is overlapped with the inner side wall of the outer mould;
the pouring opening of the external mold is arranged on the side surface of the penetrating part, which is far away from the structural part.
Further, step S2 includes:
s21, placing reinforcing materials in the block mold along the block pouring direction;
s22, pouring the prepared structural concrete into the external mold, filling the structural concrete to the pouring height, and compacting the structural concrete;
s23, curing the poured structural concrete in the block mold to have preset strength;
the reinforcing material comprises steel bars and wire netting, wherein the steel bars are uniformly distributed along the lower surface parallel to the building blocks, the net surface of the wire netting is parallel to the lower surface of the building blocks, and the length of the steel bars and the wire netting is greater than that of the building blocks.
Further, in the step S2, the first casting height is determined according to the slope of the retaining wall and the height of the height block of the movable mold, and the first casting height is calculated by the following formula:
wherein H is the first casting height of the building block, H1 is the whole casting height of the building block, H2 is the height of the movable mould block determined according to the slope of the retaining wall, alpha is the slope of the retaining wall, and b is the soil influence coefficient of the retaining wall.
Further, in the step S4, the infiltrated concrete is poured into the block mold, and passed through a screen such that fine aggregate having a size equal to or smaller than the mesh aperture of the screen in the infiltrated concrete is piled up at the lower part of the block, and coarse aggregate having a size larger than the mesh aperture of the screen in the infiltrated concrete is piled up at the upper part of the block, to form a layered-arrangement infiltrated part;
wherein the mesh aperture of the screen is 80% of the average particle size of the coarse aggregate.
Compared with the prior art, the preparation process of the environment-friendly ecological retaining wall block provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that the size ratio of the structural part of the block to the size of the movable mould block is determined according to the ratio of the slope of the retaining wall to the preset slope, so that the size ratio of the structural concrete to the permeable concrete of the ecological block and the size of the movable mould block can be adjusted, and the ecological retaining wall block can be applied to places with different gradients and needing soil protection and erosion control.
Further, fly ash, blast furnace slag and waste concrete blocks are added into the raw materials of the building blocks, so that dependence on natural resources is reduced, reuse of waste is promoted, and environmental impact is reduced while overutilization of natural resources is reduced. The fly ash is used as a fine powder gangue byproduct, so that the compressive strength and durability of the building block can be effectively improved; the blast furnace slag improves the fire resistance and durability of the ecological block; the addition of the waste concrete blocks reduces the accumulation of wastes, can recycle waste materials, reduces the preparation cost of the building blocks, and has the advantages of economy and sustainability.
Furthermore, the reinforcing steel bars or the wire meshes with the length larger than that of the external mold are added in the preparation process of the ecological building block, so that the building block can be more firmly embedded into a place to be protected when in use. So as to improve the impact resistance and stability of the ecological block, and enable the ecological block to bear larger pressure and impact, thereby prolonging the service life and reducing the maintenance cost. Meanwhile, the structure can also effectively prevent the block from shifting or falling off under extreme environmental conditions, enhance the adaptability of the block in severe natural environments and improve the practicability and reliability of the block in protection engineering.
Further, the building blocks with the structures of the thin steel bars or the wire meshes have independence, the problem that the building blocks are mutually influenced with surrounding building blocks is effectively avoided, and if one building block is damaged or falls off, the building blocks can be replaced and repaired under the condition that other adjacent building blocks are not influenced. The overall maintenance cost is reduced, the convenience of construction and maintenance is improved, and meanwhile, the stability and the integrity of the structure are maintained. This independent replacement feature makes maintenance work more economical and efficient, reduces downtime, while ensuring continued availability of the ecological retaining wall project.
Further, the relatively fine aggregate in the permeable concrete is piled up at the lower part of the building block, the layered layout of the relatively coarse aggregate in the permeable concrete piled up at the upper part of the building block enhances the strength and stability of the building block, and the characteristics of the fine aggregate at the lower part and the coarse aggregate at the upper part are utilized to enable the building block to bear larger load and pressure, so that the service life of the building block is prolonged.
Furthermore, the layered layout structure of the permeable concrete realizes the water retention of the building blocks, is beneficial to the growth and rooting of plants planted in the building blocks in places needing protection, such as river levees, and can play a role in preventing soil loss.
Furthermore, the layered layout structure of the permeable concrete also promotes water in the upper layer building blocks to smoothly flow to the lower layer building blocks and places to be protected through the permeable concrete, thereby realizing the full utilization and distribution of water resources, promoting the whole water circulation and having positive significance for environmental protection and ecological balance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the vertical placement of an environment-friendly ecological retaining wall block according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic stacking view of blocks corresponding to a 70 ° retaining wall according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the vertical placement of an environment-friendly ecological retaining wall block with two reinforcing bars according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the vertical placement of an environment-friendly ecological retaining wall block with an iron wire mesh according to an embodiment of the invention;
wherein: 1, a structural part; 2, a penetration part; 31, a first reinforcing bar; 32, second reinforcing bars; 33, wire netting.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent, the invention will be further described with reference to the following examples; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are merely for explaining the technical principles of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the vertical placement of the environmental-friendly ecological retaining wall blocks according to the embodiment of the invention. The embodiment of the invention provides an environment-friendly ecological retaining wall building block which is of a block-shaped structure with a groove on the upper surface, wherein the building block comprises a structural part 1, a penetrating part 2 and the groove, and the environment-friendly ecological retaining wall building block comprises the following components:
the structure part 1 and the penetrating part 2 are respectively positioned at two sides of the building block, and the groove is positioned at the upper part of the building block;
the structure part 1 is connected with the penetrating part 2 through a first connecting surface, the groove is arranged on the upper surface of the structure part 1 connected with the penetrating part 2, the groove is not contacted with the outer side surface of the building block, and the first connecting surface is connected with the bottom surface and the side surface of the groove;
the grooves are used for filling planting soil and planting vegetation, and the height of the grooves is 1/2 of the height of the building blocks;
the structural part 1 adopts structural concrete for providing support for the building block and preventing water in a groove from penetrating to the exposed surface of the building block, wherein the water permeability coefficient of the structural concrete is less than or equal to 10 (-4) cm/s, and the structural concrete comprises 3 parts of cement, 8 parts of sand and 9 parts of structural aggregate;
the penetrating part 2 adopts penetrating concrete, which is used for penetrating moisture between the groove and the environmental soil, wherein the water permeability coefficient of the penetrating concrete is more than or equal to 10 (-3) cm/s, and the penetrating concrete comprises 1 part of cement and 9 parts of coarse aggregate;
wherein, the volume ratio of the structural concrete to the permeable concrete is less than or equal to 1:1, the water-ash mass ratio of the structural concrete is 0.5, and the water-ash mass ratio of the permeable concrete is 0.35.
Specifically, the structural aggregate in the structural concrete comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
recycled concrete aggregate: coarse aggregate: fine aggregate = 6:9:5, a step of;
the recycled concrete aggregate is obtained by crushing waste concrete blocks, the grain size range of the recycled concrete aggregate is 5-20 mm, and the strength of the waste concrete blocks is greater than or equal to that of the structural concrete;
the grain size range of the coarse aggregate is 10-20 mm, and the grain size range of the fine aggregate is 5-10 mm.
In practice, recycled concrete aggregate is derived from waste concrete blocks in demolishd, rebuilt or recycled projects by crushing and/or processing; the aggregate is formed by crushing broken stone or crushed ore, and the fine aggregate is formed by continuously crushing part of coarse aggregate.
Specifically, the structural concrete comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
ordinary Portland cement: blast furnace slag: fly ash = 14:3:3.
specifically, the composition mass ratio of each component of cement in the permeable concrete is as follows:
ordinary Portland cement: blast furnace slag: fly ash = 3:4:3.
specifically, the penetrating concrete further comprises:
the water reducing agent is used for reducing the cement requirement by reducing the water consumption of the permeable concrete, so that the compactness of the permeable concrete is reduced to improve the water permeability;
a recycled fiber to increase toughness of the infiltrated concrete and to reduce cracking of the infiltrated concrete;
and the pore generating agent is used for improving the water permeability of the building block by generating a pore structure in the permeable concrete and enabling the vegetation root system to contact with the environmental soil of the retaining wall through the permeable part 2 of the building block.
It is understood that the regenerated fibers include polypropylene fibers.
The building block of the embodiment of the invention is provided with a cuboid structure with a rectangular groove on the upper surface, and it is understood that the concrete shape of the building block is not limited, and the building block can be provided with a regular or irregular shape according to specific requirements, so long as the building block can be overlapped and densely distributed along a soil retaining position to be paved.
Taking the cuboid building block of the embodiment shown in fig. 1 as an example, the lower part of the building block in the figure is a structural part 1, structural concrete is adopted for preparation, the upper part of the building block is a penetrating part 2, the penetrating concrete is adopted for preparation, the building block is horizontally placed when used for building an ecological retaining wall, the groove is upward, the penetrating part 2 is connected with soil to be protected, and the structural part 1 is far away from the soil to be protected. The grooves of the building blocks are filled with planting soil and used for cultivating vegetation, the vegetation can acquire water required by growth in a direct mode such as rainfall or manual irrigation, water can be acquired from soil retaining through the permeation effect through the permeation part 2 of the building blocks, channels for acquiring water by the vegetation are increased, the requirement of the vegetation on external water is reduced, and the environment is protected;
meanwhile, due to the fact that the water permeability coefficient of the structural part 1 is low, moisture can be well kept in the grooves and the soil, moisture evaporation is reduced, the porous structure and the water permeability of the permeable part 2 can promote vegetation roots to grow into holes of the permeable part 2, when the structural strength of the building block is reduced along with time, the vegetation roots gradually extend into the soil outside the permeable part 2 along with the growth time of the vegetation, and the soil fixing capacity is improved, and soil retaining and water and soil loss preventing capacity is improved.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a production process of the environment-friendly ecological retaining wall block, which is applied to the environment-friendly ecological retaining wall block provided by the embodiment of the invention, and comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing structural concrete;
step S11, ordinary Portland cement, fly ash, blast furnace slag, recycled concrete, crushed ore, broken stone, sand and water are weighed according to a proportion for standby;
step S12, crushing recycled concrete into recycled concrete aggregate with the particle size of 5-20 mm, crushing crushed ore and/or broken stone into coarse aggregate with the particle size of 10-20 mm, and continuously crushing one third of the coarse aggregate into fine aggregate with the particle size of 5-10 mm;
step S13, adding water into the materials in the step S11 and the step S12, and stirring in a stirrer until the materials are uniformly mixed;
step S2, determining a movable mould block in a adopted block mould according to the slope of the retaining wall, and determining a first pouring height of a structural part of the block according to the slope of the retaining wall and the height of the movable mould block;
s3, pouring the structural concrete into a block mold to the first pouring height in a divided manner, and vibrating the block mold after each pouring to avoid air bubbles in the structural concrete so as to prepare a structural part 1 of the block;
s4, preparing permeable concrete, and pouring the permeable concrete into the block mold in a divided manner and filling the permeable concrete into the whole pouring height of the block when the strength of the structural part 1 is greater than or equal to the preset strength, so that the permeable concrete and the structural concrete are integrally formed;
the first pouring height is smaller than the integral pouring height of the building block.
It will be appreciated that the compressive strength of the structural portion 1 after 28 days of curing generally reaches or approximates the design value of its structural concrete, and that in the preparation of the block, the casting of the infiltrated concrete may begin after the actual strength of the structural portion 1 reaches a predetermined strength, which is 50% of the design value of the structural concrete strength.
Because the strength of the C20 concrete must reach more than 50% of the design strength in 3 days under the condition of standard curing conditions, after the structural part 1 of the building block is prepared in the step S3, the structural part 1 can be cured for three days, the permeable part 2 can be continuously poured in the mould in the step S4, and the permeable part 2 and the structural part 1 of the building block are integrally formed after the whole building block is cured for 28-30 days.
Specifically, the block mold comprises an outer mold and a movable mold block disposed inside the outer mold, wherein:
the outer die is used for forming the overall shape of the building block, and the overall shape is a combined shape of the structural part 1, the shape of the penetrating part 2 and the shape formed after the groove is filled;
the movable mould blocks comprise a first movable mould block and a second movable mould block, and are arranged on the inner side wall of the outer mould and used for forming the groove shape of the building block;
the first movable die block and the second movable die block are of three-dimensional structures with different sizes and same shape, and the size of the first die block is larger than that of the second die block;
the center of the inner side wall of the movable mould block is overlapped with the inner side wall of the outer mould;
the pouring opening of the external mold is arranged on the side surface of the penetrating part 2, which is far away from the structural part 1.
In one embodiment, the outer mold is (200X 400) cm 3 Is a rectangular parallelepiped of (100×100×350) cm 3 Is a rectangular parallelepiped of (100×100×200) cm 3 Is provided. The block prepared by combining the outer die and the second movable die block is suitable for the slope range of the retaining wall and the horizontal plane (35 degrees, 60 degrees), and the block prepared by combining the outer die and the first movable die block is suitable for the slope range of the retaining wall and the horizontal plane (28 degrees, 35 degrees)]And [60 °,83 °).
Referring to fig. 3 and fig. 4, a schematic view of vertical placement of the environment-friendly ecological retaining wall block with steel bar according to the embodiment of the invention and a schematic view of vertical placement of the environment-friendly ecological retaining wall block with iron wire mesh according to the embodiment of the invention are shown respectively.
Specifically, step S2 includes:
s21, placing reinforcing materials in the block mold along the block pouring direction;
s22, pouring the prepared structural concrete into the external mold, filling the structural concrete to the pouring height, and compacting the structural concrete;
s23, curing the poured structural concrete in the block mold to have preset strength;
the reinforcing material comprises steel bars and wire netting, wherein the steel bars are uniformly distributed along the lower surface parallel to the building blocks, the net surface of the wire netting is parallel to the lower surface of the building blocks, and the length of the steel bars and the wire netting is greater than that of the building blocks. A first rebar 31 and a second rebar 32 are provided.
Specifically, in the step S2, the first casting height is determined according to the slope of the retaining wall and the movable mold block, and the first casting height is calculated by the following formula:
wherein H is the first casting height of the building block, H1 is the whole casting height of the building block, H2 is the height of the movable mould block determined according to the slope of the retaining wall, alpha is the slope of the retaining wall, and b is the soil influence coefficient of the retaining wall.
It will be appreciated that either the first movable mold block or the second movable mold block is used in accordance with the slope of the retaining wall to the horizontal and then the first casting height of the block is determined in accordance with the determined movable mold block.
In practice, the soil influence coefficient b of the retaining wall is determined according to the ratio of the shearing resistance of the soil at the average water content of the soil to the shearing resistance of the soil at the water content of 10%.
Please continue to refer to fig. 2, which is a schematic diagram illustrating stacking of blocks corresponding to a 70 ° retaining wall according to an embodiment of the present invention. In practice, for example, the slope of the retaining wall to be built from the horizontal is 70 °, the soil influence coefficient b=0.95 of the place where the retaining wall is located:
selecting an external mold and a first movable mold block to prepare a block;
determining a first casting height under the condition
Specifically, in the step S4, the infiltrated concrete is passed through a screen such that fine aggregate having a size of less than or equal to the mesh aperture of the screen in the infiltrated concrete is piled up at the lower part of the block and coarse aggregate having a size of greater than the mesh aperture of the screen in the infiltrated concrete is piled up at the upper part of the block when the infiltrated concrete is poured into the block mold to form a layered layout of the infiltrated part 2;
wherein the mesh aperture of the screen is 80% of the average particle size of the coarse aggregate.
It will be appreciated that if reinforcing bars are selected as reinforcing materials, it is necessary to put a screen having a mesh size of 80% of the average particle size of coarse aggregate into the penetrating concrete when the penetrating concrete is poured, pass the penetrating concrete through the penetrating portion 2 where the screen is layered, and take out the screen after the penetrating concrete is poured. If the wire netting is selected as the reinforcing material, the wire netting having a mesh diameter of 80% of the average particle diameter of the coarse aggregate is directly selected as the reinforcing material, and the wire netting 33 does not need to be taken out after the permeable concrete is poured.
Through layering layout, the lower half part of the penetrating part 2 of the building block has larger pores, which is beneficial to the extension of vegetation root systems to soil retaining soil and the penetration of moisture.
Thus far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent modifications and substitutions for related technical features may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and substitutions will be within the scope of the present invention.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention; various modifications and variations of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an environmental protection type ecological retaining wall building block, its characterized in that is the cubic structure that the upper surface was equipped with the recess, and the building block includes structural part, infiltration portion and recess, wherein:
the structure part and the penetration part are respectively positioned at two sides of the building block, and the groove is positioned at the upper part of the building block;
the structure part is connected with the penetrating part through a first connecting surface, the groove is arranged on the upper surface of the structure part after being connected with the penetrating part, the groove is not contacted with the outer side surface of the building block, and the first connecting surface is connected with the bottom surface and the side surface of the groove;
the grooves are used for filling planting soil and planting vegetation, and the height of the grooves is 1/2 of the height of the building blocks;
the structural part adopts structural concrete for providing support for the building block and preventing water in a groove from penetrating to the exposed surface of the building block, the water permeability coefficient of the structural concrete is less than or equal to 10 (-4) cm/s, and the structural concrete comprises 3 parts of cement, 8 parts of sand and 9 parts of structural aggregate;
the permeable part adopts permeable concrete, which is used for enabling moisture to permeate between the groove and the environmental soil, the permeability coefficient of the permeable concrete is more than or equal to 10 (-3) cm/s, and the permeable concrete comprises 1 part of cement and 9 parts of coarse aggregate;
wherein, the volume ratio of the structural concrete to the permeable concrete is less than or equal to 1:1, the water-ash mass ratio of the structural concrete is 0.5, and the water-ash mass ratio of the permeable concrete is 0.35.
2. The environment-friendly ecological retaining wall block according to claim 1, wherein the structural concrete comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
recycled concrete aggregate: coarse aggregate: fine aggregate = 6:9:5, a step of;
the recycled concrete aggregate is obtained by crushing waste concrete blocks, the grain size range of the recycled concrete aggregate is 5-20 mm, and the strength of the waste concrete blocks is greater than or equal to that of the structural concrete;
the grain size range of the coarse aggregate is 10-20 mm, and the grain size range of the fine aggregate is 5-10 mm.
3. The environment-friendly ecological retaining wall block according to claim 1, wherein the structural concrete comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
ordinary Portland cement: blast furnace slag: fly ash = 14:3:3.
4. the environment-friendly ecological retaining wall block according to claim 1, wherein the composition mass ratio of the components of cement in the permeable concrete is:
ordinary Portland cement: blast furnace slag: fly ash = 3:4:3.
5. the environmentally friendly ecological retaining wall block of claim 1, wherein the penetrating concrete further comprises:
the water reducing agent is used for reducing the cement requirement by reducing the water consumption of the permeable concrete, so that the compactness of the permeable concrete is reduced to improve the water permeability;
a recycled fiber to increase toughness of the infiltrated concrete and to reduce cracking of the infiltrated concrete;
and the pore generating agent is used for improving the water permeability of the building block by generating a pore structure in the permeable concrete and enabling the vegetation root system to contact with the environmental soil of the retaining wall through the permeable part of the building block.
6. A process for producing an environment-friendly ecological retaining wall block, which is applied to the environment-friendly ecological retaining wall block as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing structural concrete;
step S11, ordinary Portland cement, fly ash, blast furnace slag, recycled concrete, crushed ore, broken stone, sand and water are weighed according to a proportion for standby;
step S12, crushing the recycled concrete into recycled concrete aggregate with the particle size of 5-20 mm, crushing the crushed ore and/or broken stone into coarse aggregate with the particle size of 10-20 mm, and continuously crushing one third of the coarse aggregate into fine aggregate with the particle size of 5-10 mm;
step S13, adding water into the materials in the step S11 and the step S12, and stirring in a stirrer until the materials are uniformly mixed;
step S2, determining a movable mould block in a block mould according to the inclination of the retaining wall, and determining a first pouring height of a structural part of the block according to the inclination of the retaining wall and the movable mould block;
s3, pouring the structural concrete into a block mold to the first pouring height in a divided manner, and vibrating the block mold after each pouring to avoid air bubbles in the structural concrete so as to prepare a structural part of the block;
s4, preparing permeable concrete, and pouring the permeable concrete into the block mold in a divided manner and filling the permeable concrete to the whole pouring height of the block when the strength of the structural part is greater than or equal to the preset strength, so that the permeable concrete and the structural concrete are integrally formed;
the first pouring height is smaller than the integral pouring height of the building block.
7. The process for producing an eco-friendly retaining wall block as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step S2, the block mold comprises an outer mold and a movable mold block provided inside the outer mold, wherein:
the outer die is used for forming the overall shape of the building block, and the overall shape is a combined shape of the structural part shape, the penetrating part shape and the shape formed after the groove is filled;
the movable mould blocks comprise a first movable mould block and a second movable mould block, and are arranged on the inner side wall of the outer mould and used for forming the groove shape of the building block;
the first movable die block and the second movable die block are of three-dimensional structures with different sizes and same shape, and the size of the first die block is larger than that of the second die block;
the center of the inner side wall of the movable mould block is overlapped with the inner side wall of the outer mould;
the pouring opening of the external mold is arranged on the side surface of the penetrating part, which is far away from the structural part.
8. The process for producing an environment-friendly ecological retaining wall block according to claim 7, wherein the step S2 comprises:
s21, placing reinforcing materials in the block mold along the block pouring direction;
s22, pouring the prepared structural concrete into the external mold, filling the structural concrete to the pouring height, and compacting the structural concrete;
s23, curing the poured structural concrete in the block mold to have preset strength;
the reinforcing material comprises steel bars and/or wire netting, wherein the steel bars are uniformly distributed along the lower surface parallel to the building block, the net surface of the wire netting is parallel to the lower surface of the building block, and the length of the steel bars and the wire netting is greater than that of the building block.
9. The process for producing an eco-friendly retaining wall block as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step S2, the first casting height is determined according to the slope of the retaining wall and the height of the movable mold block, and is calculated by the following formula:
wherein H is the first casting height of the building block, H1 is the whole casting height of the building block, H2 is the height of the movable mould block determined according to the slope of the retaining wall, alpha is the slope of the retaining wall, and b is the soil influence coefficient of the retaining wall.
10. The environmental protection type ecological retaining wall block according to claim 9, wherein in the step S4, the infiltration concrete is passed through a mesh wire net so that fine aggregate having a size of less than or equal to a mesh aperture of a mesh in the infiltration concrete is piled in a lower portion of the block and coarse aggregate having a size of greater than the mesh aperture of the mesh in the infiltration concrete is piled in an upper portion of the block when the infiltration concrete is poured into the block mold to form a layered infiltration portion;
wherein the mesh aperture of the screen is 80% of the average particle size of the coarse aggregate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311338451.1A CN117306588A (en) | 2023-10-17 | 2023-10-17 | Environment-friendly ecological retaining wall building block and production process thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311338451.1A CN117306588A (en) | 2023-10-17 | 2023-10-17 | Environment-friendly ecological retaining wall building block and production process thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117306588A true CN117306588A (en) | 2023-12-29 |
Family
ID=89242446
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311338451.1A Pending CN117306588A (en) | 2023-10-17 | 2023-10-17 | Environment-friendly ecological retaining wall building block and production process thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117306588A (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-10-17 CN CN202311338451.1A patent/CN117306588A/en active Pending
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105970979B (en) | A kind of ecological bank protecting method based on utilizing solidified earth from sludge | |
| CN101486555A (en) | Cast-in-situ invert filter type pervious ecological concrete and method for constructing slope protection thereof | |
| CN103541289A (en) | Colored high-titanium heavy slag permeable pavement brick and production method thereof | |
| CN103572966B (en) | The construction method of silo funnel liner | |
| CN107059791A (en) | A kind of slag core concrete is for anti-stone and preparation method | |
| CN110578290A (en) | Abutment back backfilling structure of bridgehead and construction method thereof | |
| CN103195051B (en) | Limestone soil and pervious concrete pile composite foundation and treatment method thereof | |
| CN117306588A (en) | Environment-friendly ecological retaining wall building block and production process thereof | |
| CN210031903U (en) | Retaining wall structure based on mortar rubble | |
| CN213115347U (en) | Dampproof ground | |
| CN211057836U (en) | Cushion cap foundation backfill structure | |
| CN1245284C (en) | Fiber reinforced building composite material and making method thereof | |
| CN210262945U (en) | Cemented sand gravel buttress dam structure | |
| KR100813216B1 (en) | Manufacturing method of environmentally friend planting block utilizing charcoal powder and recycled aggregates of dolomite | |
| CN206800322U (en) | A kind of slag core concrete is for anti-stone | |
| CN201635049U (en) | Large-clearance multifunctional ecological concrete block | |
| CN215976679U (en) | Environment-friendly steel slag recycled concrete interpenetration pavement brick and preparation mold thereof | |
| CN110499775B (en) | Bearing platform foundation backfill structure and construction method | |
| CN113860805B (en) | Green pervious concrete and preparation method thereof | |
| CN107761540A (en) | A kind of multi-joint upper filling construction method of steel flanged beam arch bridge arch of large span | |
| CN114956732B (en) | Solidified soil brick moulding bed and construction method thereof | |
| CN214005305U (en) | Permeable ground structure | |
| KR100822061B1 (en) | Environmentally friend planting block utilizing charcoal powder and recycled aggregates | |
| CN211922683U (en) | Concrete rigid foundation adopting large-particle-size coarse aggregate and free of stirring | |
| CN212026308U (en) | Novel building foundation structure |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication |