CN103195051B - Limestone soil and pervious concrete pile composite foundation and treatment method thereof - Google Patents
Limestone soil and pervious concrete pile composite foundation and treatment method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103195051B CN103195051B CN201310103164.2A CN201310103164A CN103195051B CN 103195051 B CN103195051 B CN 103195051B CN 201310103164 A CN201310103164 A CN 201310103164A CN 103195051 B CN103195051 B CN 103195051B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a limestone soil and pervious concrete pile composite foundation and a treatment method thereof. The limestone soil and pervious concrete pile comprehensive treatment method is adopted to control accumulation and settlement of wet and soft foundations caused by traffic load, and the method is suitable for stabilization of wet and soft foundations, so that the wet and soft foundations are provided with a high carrying capacity and a high permeable capacity. The composite foundation comprises a limestone soil layer and pervious concrete piles embedded under the limestone soil layer dispersedly, and a broken stone hardcore is laid on the surface of the limestone soil. The treatment method of the composite foundation includes: step one, prefabricating the pervious concrete piles; step two, treating superficial layers of the wet and soft foundations through burnt lime with 5-7% of mass dosage to form the limestone soil layer; step three, setting pile holes on the limestone soil layer; step four, placing the pervious concrete piles obtained in the step one in the pile holes, filling coarse sand in surrounding gaps, and arranging the pervious concrete piles in square or triangular shapes; and step five, laying the broken stone hardcore on the surface of the limestone soil layer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of composite foundation, be specifically related to a kind of rendzinas-permeable concrete pile composite foundation and the processing method thereof that are suitable for lower roadbed.Belong to technical field of civil engineering.
Background technology
Udoll ground is generally distributed in the areas such as strand, lake, the lowest point, seabeach, has that natural moisture content is high, void ratio is large, compressibilty is strong, shear strength is low and the feature such as supporting capacity is low.Udoll ground is once be disturbed, and the intensity of soil obviously declines, even in mobility.Therefore, wet and soft foundation is built road and can run into the problems such as the large and more difficult compacting of Roadbed Soil of natural ground cumulative settling distortion, melt the Pluvial in summer in the spring, frost boiling disease takes place frequently, and pavement cracking, maintenance costs is very high.In order to reduce roadbed conduct oneself with dignity cause the excessive sedimentation of ground, account for and plough and reduce Energy Consumption of Construction less, adopt low embankment scheme to become a kind of trend of road construction.But the natural ground that the reduction of depth of fill makes top be positioned at the scope of vehicle loading produces excessive cumulative settling under traffic loading repeated action; And, along with the develop rapidly of transportation, automobile overload phenomenon is also day by day serious, the speed of a motor vehicle is also improving constantly, and this exacerbates the cumulative settling of Udoll ground further, and ground cumulative settling can cause pavement destruction further, cause road surface horizontal wall inscription change greatly, ponding is serious, not only brings safety problem to driving, also can cause the pavement diseases such as Water Damage.Therefore, consolidation process is carried out to Udoll ground and can greatly reduce the risk that destabilization of roadbed or excessive depression occur.
Chinese patent application 201210349658.4 discloses a kind of agitation pile-permeable concrete pile composite foundation and processing method, Chinese patent application 201210352336.5 discloses a kind of granular pile-permeable concrete stake novel binary composite foundation and processing method, Chinese patent application 201210352089.9 discloses a kind of low-intensity rigid pile-permeable concrete stake novel binary composite foundation and processing method, although these three kinds of composite foundations have high-bearing performance and high drainage performance, but all belong to dual compound foundation processing method, two kinds of pile bodies need to construct respectively, and need certain interval time, make the duration longer, and do not carry out treatment, and excessive for water content, swell-shrink characteristic is high, have settlement by soaking, the wet and soft foundation that supporting capacity is low, easily produce under load action and slide or consolidation settlement, be unfavorable for the charge operation such as construction machinery, facility, personnel.So, need to carry out shallow-layer process to wet and soft foundation.
Rendzinas processing method is widely used in the process of Udoll ground shallow, quicklime and soil can occur that a series of reaction makes water in soil divide to reduce, soil particle condenses and forms comparatively buckshot aggregate, soil body chemical reaction generates Compound Water compound simultaneously, and harden gradually in water, thus be bonded together with soil particle the physico-mechanical properties that improve ground.
But, rendzinas and cement-soil foundation reinforcement method treating depth little, just form crust layer on ground top, and the dynamic stress influence depth that the loaded vehicle of running at high speed produces is large, therefore, accelerate the draining of ground deep layer to the accumulation reducing deep layer excess pore water pressure, accelerate wet and soft foundation deep layer cumulative settling significant, but lack relevant technology at present.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for overcoming above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of rendzinas-permeable concrete pile composite foundation and the processing method thereof that are suitable for lower roadbed are provided.The wet and soft foundation cumulative settling that the present invention adopts rendzinas-permeable concrete stake Comprehensive Treatment method control traffic loading to cause, particularly control wet and soft foundation cumulative settling under low embankment (≤1.5m), be applicable to wet and soft foundation reinforce, make wet and soft foundation both have high supporting capacity, there is again strong water permeable ability.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A kind of rendzinas-permeable concrete pile composite foundation, comprise the permeable concrete stake that lime soil layer and dispersion are embedded in below lime soil layer, hardcore bed is laid on the surface of described lime soil layer.
Described permeable concrete stake is some rows, and each row amount is equal, and cover off, overall formation arranged in squares.
Described permeable concrete stake is some rows, from the side of described composite foundation, the permeable concrete stake of each even rows is arranged on the center line of odd number row two adjacent permeable concrete stake lines, and each permeable concrete stake and adjacent two permeable concrete stakes form triangular arrangement.
The thickness of described hardcore bed is 15 ~ 30cm.
The stake footpath of described permeable concrete stake is 350 ~ 600mm, and stake is long is 4 ~ 5m, and the pilespacing of two adjacent permeable concrete stakes is 3 ~ 5 times of a footpath.
The processing method of above-mentioned composite foundation, concrete steps are as follows: 1) prefabricated permeable concrete stake: formwork on compacting, smooth stake place processed, then permeable concrete is built, treat that maintenance to 70% intensity is lifted by crane, and continuing the permeable concrete stake that maintenance obtains 100% intensity, transport is stacked for subsequent use;
2) be that the quicklime of 5 ~ 7% is to wet and soft foundation shallow-layer process formation lime soil layer with quality volume;
3) stake holes is set on lime soil layer, the aperture 20cm larger than stake footpath of described stake holes;
4) the permeable concrete stake that step 1) obtains is arranged in stake holes, landfill coarse sand in space around it; Permeable concrete stake adopts square or triangular arrangement;
5) hardcore bed is laid on lime soil layer surface.
In step 1), the concrete crushing strength of described permeable concrete stake is more than or equal to 20MPa, and transmission coefficient is more than or equal to 2mm/s.
Step 2) in, described quicklime is fresh quicklime or the quicklime after concentrated stacking is cleared up and sieved for 7 ~ 10 days before use.
Step 2) in, described shallow-layer refers to that wet and soft foundation is apart from earth's surface 40 ~ 80cm.
In step 3), lime soil layer is excavated by machine drilling, steel pipe soil compaction or manpower stake holes is set.Operating principle of the present invention:
(1) wet and soft foundation top layer water content is high, and intensity is low.Topsoil and quicklime are mixed and stirred, there is strong interaction with soil in lime, its Main physical and chemical reaction comprise ion-exchange, Ca (OH)
2crystallization, carbonating and pozzolanic reaction.Ca (OH)
2ca after dissociation
2+with the K on Clay Colloids particle counter-ion layet
+, Na
+after there is ion-exchange, colloid adsorption layer is weakened, colloidal solid occurs coalescent, and this is the main cause that early stage strength of lime soil is formed.Ca (OH)
2the hydrated crystal formed with water effect soil particle cementation integrally, thus improves the water stability of rendzinas.And the CaCO formed
3the carbonation reaction of process and the pozzolanic reaction of formation calcium silicates and calcium aluminate process are strength of lime soil and stability-enhanced deciding factor.The initial stage of dirt compound shows as plasticity reduction, optimum moisture content increase, maximum dry density reduction etc.; Later stage change shows as the formation of crystal structure, thus the strength and stability of rendzinas is improved.When the quality of soil property and lime and dosage are determined, the condition that takes care of health and the length of time are also the key factors affecting strength of lime soil and stability.Rendzinas Methods of Shallow Treatment forms crust layer at foundation surface, improves bearing capacity of foundation soil, reduces foundation settlement.Meanwhile, the formation of the crust layer also charge operation such as convenient construction vehicle, facility.
(2) permeable concrete is made up through Special moulding process in specific proportions of the gathering materials of specific grating, cement, reinforcing material, Admixture and water etc.The porosity of permeable concrete is between 10% ~ 25%, and the scope of water/binder ratio is 0.32 ~ 0.40, can draw the match ratio of each composition of permeable concrete according to mixing proportion design method.Cement is 32.5 grades or 42.5 grades of portland cements; Admixture is water reducing agent, and volume is 0 ~ 1.1%; Gather materials and adopt rubble (particle diameter is 0.60 ~ 1.18mm, 2.36 ~ 4.75mm, 4.75 ~ 9.50mm, 9.5 ~ 16mm) or cobble (particle diameter is 2.36 ~ 4.75mm).By the load weighted cement of match ratio and the mix and blend that gathers materials, will add water after stirring and continue to add water and water reducing agent, adopt compacting or vibro-moulding process to make test specimen.Time compressing, permeable concrete compound is weighed into punching block, extrusion forming, closed mould curing demoulding after 3 hours, (temperature is 20 ± 3 DEG C to covered with plastic film at the standard conditions, relative humidity is more than 90%) maintenance to 24h, still covered with plastic film after watering, the 28 day length of time of standard curing; Weighing into Mold for Plastics by newly mixing mixture during vibration moulding, vibrating shaping, curing in airtight condition form removal after 3 days, then use plastic film seal, at the standard conditions maintenance to 28 day length of time.Gather materials the concrete of the cellular structure containing a large amount of connectivity hole (usually between 5% ~ 30% and mostly be the macropore of diameter more than 1mm) between skeleton, in the certain water permeability situation of guarantee, its compressive strength is generally at 3.5MPa ~ 28MPa, and flexural strength is generally at 1MPa ~ 3.8MPa.The transmission coefficient of pervious concrete is generally between 2.0mm/s ~ 5.4mm/s, and what have even reaches 1.2cm/s.The proportioning feature of pervious concrete adopts simple grain level coarse aggregate as skeleton, cement paste or the mortar thin layer adding a small amount of fines are wrapped in the surface of coarse aggregate particle, as the glued layer between particles of aggregates, form skeleton---the porous concrete material of gap structure.
Experimental study shows, the intensity of permeable concrete and water permeability are conflict bodies, shifting, as shown in Figure 1.According to specific requirement, best intensity and osmotic composition should be determined in engineering design.
To Figure 2 shows that after being open to traffic that in (1 year, 2 years and 10 years) natural ground not in the same time, accumulated deformation is with the change curve of the degree of depth.Visible accumulated deformation is very fast with depth attenuation at underground more than 5m, and its lower rate of decay slows down gradually, and illustrate that ground cumulative settling under action of traffic loading is mainly caused by the above soil body accumulated deformation of underground 5m, therefore permeable concrete stake stake is long gets 4 ~ 5m.350 ~ 600mm should be got in stake footpath, and pilespacing should get 3 ~ 5 times of stake footpaths, meets bearing capacity of foundation soil and settlement request.Permeable concrete stake not only water permeability is strong, and it is higher than the intensity of the granular piles such as sand-gravel pile, this makes the transmission of overlying burden power in pile body together with the discharging consolidation PROCESS COUPLING of wet and soft foundation, mutually promote, both wet and soft foundation consolidation rate had been accelerated, reduce cumulative settling, turn improve wet and soft foundation bearing capacity.The comprehensive method for processing foundation that the process of rendzinas shallow-layer combines with permeable concrete stake deep level of processing significantly can reduce soft foundation cumulative settling under low embankment.
At underground 0.7m and 1.2m depth natural ground and excess pore water pressure corresponding to the rendzinas-permeable concrete stake Comprehensive Treatment ground change curve with Vehicle Load times N during Figure 3 shows that road operation.Visible, compared with natural ground, excess pore water pressure in rendzinas-permeable concrete stake Comprehensive Treatment ground is starkly lower than natural ground, this is because permeable concrete stake has good water permeability, and the excess pore water pressure that the traffic loading that can dissipate rapidly causes.
Figure 4 shows that the change curve of ground cumulative settling with the time that is open to traffic.Visible, ground cumulative settling is very fast in the initial stage development that is open to traffic, and then slows down gradually.Rendzinas ground cumulative settling after permeable concrete stake process obviously reduces.Illustrate that rendzinas-permeable concrete stake Comprehensive Treatment method has obvious depression effect to the cumulative settling that traffic loading causes.Therefore, rendzinas-permeable concrete stake Comprehensive Treatment method has significant decompression to wet and soft foundation under low embankment and falls heavy effect.In addition, according to principle of effective stress, in the soil body, excess pore pressure dissipation is faster, and the intensity of the soil body improves faster, and foundation soil will bear more subsidiary stress, thus suitably can reduce the replacement ratio of pile body when composite foundation treatment.The water oozed out by permeable concrete stake is drained by the hardcore bed that composite foundation is laid, and hardcore bed can also adjust stress ratio.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention adopts rendzinas shallow-layer to punish with the comprehensive method for processing foundation of permeable concrete stake deep-layer reinforcing to wet and soft foundation cumulative settling under the low embankment (≤1.5m) controlling traffic loading and cause.Permeable concrete stake not only Rigidity and strength is high, and water permeability is strong, integrates high-bearing performance and high drainage performance, can effectively reduce wet and soft foundation cumulative settling, improves wet and soft foundation intensity.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the relation curve of permeable concrete compressive strength and transmission coefficient;
Fig. 2 is the change curve of accumulated deformation with the degree of depth;
Fig. 3 a is the change curve of 0.7m depth excess pore water pressure with number of loading, and Fig. 3 b is the change curve of 1.2m depth excess pore water pressure with number of loading;
Fig. 4 is that cumulative settling is with the time changing curve that is open to traffic;
Fig. 5 a is that the square of permeable concrete stake lays out pile schematic diagram, and Fig. 5 b is that the triangle of permeable concrete stake lays out pile schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is structural representation of the present invention;
Wherein 1. lime soil layers, 2. permeable concrete stake, 3. hardcore bed.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention will be further elaborated, should be noted that following explanation is only to explain the present invention, not limiting its content.
A kind of rendzinas-permeable concrete pile composite foundation, comprise lime soil layer 1 and disperse to be embedded in the permeable concrete stake 2 of lime soil layer less than 1, hardcore bed 3 is laid on the surface of described lime soil layer 1.
Described permeable concrete stake 2 is some rows, and each row amount is equal, and cover off, overall formation arranged in squares.
Described permeable concrete stake 2 is some rows, from the side of described composite foundation, the permeable concrete stake 2 of each even rows is arranged on the center line of odd number row two adjacent permeable concrete stake 2 lines, and each permeable concrete stake 2 forms triangular arrangement with adjacent two permeable concrete stakes 2.
The thickness of described hardcore bed 3 is 15 ~ 30cm.
The stake footpath of described permeable concrete stake 2 is 350 ~ 600mm, and stake is long is 4 ~ 5m, and the pilespacing of two adjacent permeable concrete stakes 2 is 3 ~ 5 times of a footpath.
The processing method of above-mentioned composite foundation, concrete steps are as follows:
1) prefabricated permeable concrete stake: formwork on compacting, smooth stake place processed, then builds permeable concrete, treats that maintenance to 70% intensity is lifted by crane, and continue the permeable concrete stake 2 that maintenance obtains 100% intensity, and transport is stacked for subsequent use;
2) be that the quicklime of 5 ~ 7% is to wet and soft foundation shallow-layer process formation lime soil layer 1 with quality volume;
3) stake holes is set on lime soil layer 1, the aperture 20cm larger than stake footpath of described stake holes;
4) the permeable concrete stake 2 that step 1) obtains is arranged in stake holes, landfill coarse sand in space around it; Permeable concrete stake 2 adopts square or triangular arrangement;
5) hardcore bed 3 is laid on lime soil layer 1 surface.
In step 1), the concrete crushing strength of described permeable concrete stake 2 is more than or equal to 20MPa, and transmission coefficient is more than or equal to 2mm/s.
Step 2) in, described quicklime is fresh quicklime or the quicklime after concentrated stacking is cleared up and sieved for 7 ~ 10 days before use.
Step 2) in, described shallow-layer refers to that wet and soft foundation is apart from earth's surface 40 ~ 80cm.
In step 3), lime soil layer 1 is excavated by machine drilling, steel pipe soil compaction or manpower stake holes is set.
Test example 1: the rendzinas-permeable concrete composite foundation of depth of fill 1.0m
Certain Highway Foundation is that the Yellow River rushes alluvial soil, and soil property, based on low liquid limit silt, is secondly low liquid limit clay, and local accompanies high liquid limit clay layer.For low liquid limit silt, water content is 25%, void ratio be 0.7 index of plasticity about 10, soil compression coefficient at 0.1 ~ 0.5MPa
-1between, compressibilty soil in genus.Low liquid limit clay water content 22 ~ 35%, void ratio 0.60 ~ 0.89.This Expressway Embankment height is 1.0m.During construction, be first that the quicklime of 5% carries out shallow-layer process to earth's surface 40cm with quality volume, form lime soil layer 1 at foundation surface, then permeable concrete stake 2 of constructing.
Permeable concrete stake 2 adopts arranged in squares.Permeable concrete stake 2 footpaths are 400mm, and pile spacing is 1.6m.Permeable concrete compressive strength is not less than 20MPa, and transmission coefficient is not less than 2mm/s, and all pile body error of perpendicularitys are not more than 1.5%.
Front place of constructing needs clear list processing, carry out draw water, desilting and leveling work.Lay hardcore bed 3 at foundation surface, thickness is 30cm.
Test example 2: the rendzinas-permeable concrete composite foundation of depth of fill 1.5m
Certain Highway Foundation is made up of two-layer weak soil, and upper strata 11m is grey mud, water content 65 ~ 69%, void ratio 1.81 ~ 1.91; Lower floor 4m is muddy loam, water content 46%, void ratio 1.25.Below 15m is basement rock weathered layer.Planning to build Expressway Embankment height is 1.5m.During construction, first with 7% quicklime of quality volume, shallow-layer process is carried out to ground 60cm, form lime soil layer 1 at foundation surface, then permeable concrete stake 2 of constructing.
Permeable concrete stake 2 adopts triangular arrangement.Permeable concrete stake 2 footpaths are 500mm, and pile spacing is 2.5m; Pile body compressive strength is not less than 20MPa, and transmission coefficient is not less than 2mm/s, and all pile body error of perpendicularitys are not more than 1.5%.
Front place of constructing needs clear list processing, carry out draw water, desilting and leveling work.Lay hardcore bed 3 at foundation surface, thickness is 20cm.
By reference to the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is described although above-mentioned; but not limiting the scope of the invention; on the basis of technical scheme of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay various amendment or distortion that creative work can make still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. rendzinas-permeable concrete pile composite foundation, is characterized in that, comprises the permeable concrete stake that lime soil layer and dispersion are embedded in below lime soil layer, and hardcore bed is laid on the surface of described lime soil layer; The stake footpath of described permeable concrete stake is 350 ~ 600mm, and stake is long is 4 ~ 5m, and the pilespacing of two adjacent permeable concrete stakes is 3 ~ 5 times of a footpath;
The processing method of described composite foundation, concrete steps are as follows:
1) prefabricated permeable concrete stake: formwork on compacting, smooth stake place processed, then builds permeable concrete, treats that maintenance to 70% intensity is lifted by crane, and continue the permeable concrete stake that maintenance obtains 100% intensity, and transport is stacked for subsequent use;
2) be that the quicklime of 5 ~ 7% is to wet and soft foundation shallow-layer process formation lime soil layer with quality volume;
3) stake holes is set on lime soil layer, the aperture 20cm larger than stake footpath of described stake holes;
4) by step 1) the permeable concrete stake that obtains is arranged in stake holes, landfill coarse sand in space around it; Permeable concrete stake adopts square or triangular arrangement;
5) hardcore bed is laid on lime soil layer surface.
2. composite foundation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described permeable concrete stake is some rows, and each row amount is equal, and cover off, overall formation arranged in squares.
3. composite foundation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described permeable concrete stake is some rows, from the side of described composite foundation, the permeable concrete stake of each even rows is arranged on the center line of odd number row two adjacent permeable concrete stake lines, and each permeable concrete stake and adjacent two permeable concrete stakes form triangular arrangement.
4. composite foundation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the thickness of described hardcore bed is 15 ~ 30cm.
5. composite foundation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 1) in, the concrete crushing strength of described permeable concrete stake is more than or equal to 20MPa, and transmission coefficient is more than or equal to 2mm/s.
6. composite foundation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 2) in, described quicklime is fresh quicklime or the quicklime after concentrated stacking is cleared up and sieved for 7 ~ 10 days before use.
7. composite foundation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 2) in, described shallow-layer refers to that wet and soft foundation is apart from earth's surface 40 ~ 80cm.
8. composite foundation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 3) in, lime soil layer is excavated by machine drilling, steel pipe soil compaction or manpower stake holes is set.
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| CN105735252A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-07-06 | 海南大学 | Perforated pipe no-fines pervious concrete pile and assembly structure and construction method thereof |
| CN106906816B (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2019-05-03 | 东北大学 | A method of improving soft soil foundation prefabricated pile effect of driving pile |
| CN110747706A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-02-04 | 中国二冶集团有限公司 | Construction method for replacing weak soil of foundation bearing layer |
| CN115110361B (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2024-02-09 | 沧州港务集团有限公司绿化分公司 | Construction treatment method and matched treatment system for special road roadbed |
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| JP2005146609A (en) * | 2003-11-13 | 2005-06-09 | Okutama Kogyo Co Ltd | Ground improving method |
| KR20080008494A (en) * | 2006-07-20 | 2008-01-24 | 고려개발 주식회사 | A stone column reinforced with uniformly graded permeable concrete and method for it |
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