CN117284430A - Marine VOC retrieves ship - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an offshore VOC recovery ship, which comprises a VOC recovery module, a VOC treatment module, a VOC storage module and a VOC utilization module; the VOC recovery module is used for recovering VOC volatilized by the offshore shuttle oil ship; the VOC treatment module is used for converting VOC into LVOC; the VOC storage module is used for LVOC storage; the VOC utilization module is used for mixing LVOC and LNG and then using the mixed LVOC and LNG as fuel to recycle the generator of the VOC recovery ship as fuel; one VOC recovery vessel may serve 6 FPSOs in the same field, or 12 shuttle tankers in a field; the invention reduces the investment cost of the offshore VOC recovery, realizes the maximum utilization rate of the VOC recovery system, reduces the operation and maintenance cost of the shuttle oil tanker additionally provided with the VOC recovery system, and has considerable economic benefit.

Description

Marine VOC retrieves ship

Technical Field

The present invention relates to an offshore VOC recovery technology, and more particularly, to an offshore VOC recovery ship.

Background

The VOC (volatile organic compound) of the tanker mainly refers to a large amount of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) volatilized during the loading and unloading process of the tanker. The main components of the VOC of the crude oil ship are methane gas and non-methane gas, wherein the methane is a greenhouse gas, the influence on the atmospheric temperature chamber effect is higher than that of the carbon dioxide, and the non-methane gas can chemically react with nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere under the action of ultraviolet rays to generate photochemical pollutants, PM and other pollutants. Photochemical contaminants mainly include harmful substances such as aldehydes and ozone, and PM contaminants are one of the main causes of haze weather.

The ship loaded with oil cargo at least needs to comprise the following operation procedures for VOC management planning:

1. when loading goods (maximum volatilization)

2. Navigation (less volatile)

3. When unloading goods (less volatile)

The VOC emission of the crude oil finished oil wharf is treated and removed by the joint culture of the ecological environment department and the transportation department at the end of 2022 in China, and the matched application of the recovery system is realized.

Therefore, most of the oil tanker ports internationally are already or about to be provided with VOC recovery systems at present, and the VOC recovery systems are used for concentrated recovery of VOC during unloading of the oil tanker, so that pollution to urban air environment is avoided.

In view of this, in recent years, various government agencies have continued to act as a limitation to VOC emissions due to the demands for greenhouse gas emissions and air quality control.

FPSO is a floating production storage vessel, a device for crude oil after processing and storage of produced oil in offshore fields. The FPSO is widely applicable to development of deep sea, shallow sea areas and marginal oil fields far away from the coast, and is a mainstream production mode of offshore oil and gas field development.

And storing qualified finished crude oil processed by the FPSO in a cargo oil tank, and conveying the finished crude oil to a shuttle oil carrier through an external conveying system after reaching a certain reserve, wherein the shuttle oil carrier is used for completing the function of conveying the crude oil from the FPSO of the deep sea oil field to a land storage terminal.

When each shuttle tanker is offshore loaded with crude oil by FPSO, a large amount of VOC is volatilized from the cargo tanks, but no VOC recovery device is present, essentially directly vented to the atmosphere. Shuttle tankers can be relieved of cargo tank VOC volatile gas by onshore VOC recovery systems during land terminal unloading conditions, but there is currently no solution for VOC recovery during offshore loading of crude oil from FPSOs.

The shuttle tanker takes about 20 hours per loading time, and works 25 voyages on average each year, one voyage taking about 15 days. This also means that the time required for the offshore VOC recovery system to operate for each shuttle tanker is only 5.7% of the total operating time of the shuttle tanker. The utilization rate of the VOC recovery device added on the shuttle oil ship is very low.

With future global restrictions on VOC emissions from the tanker's full shipping process becoming more stringent. In order to solve the problem of VOC volatile gas release when shuttle tankers are loaded with crude oil, some european tanker operators have recently begun to consider installing VOC recovery systems on newly built shuttle tankers to cope with more stringent restrictions from governments.

The following problems exist in the installation of VOC recovery, treatment, storage and utilization of full-process equipment on shuttle oil boats:

1. the VOC recovery, treatment, storage, and utilization of the full-process facility is expensive, and increasing this set of vessels per vessel requires increasing the initial investment costs of the vessels by about 3000 tens of thousands of cents, with a huge cost pressure, and it is difficult to reclaim the initial investment costs within more than ten years even if the costs of purchasing carbon emissions are considered.

2. VOC recovery, processing, storage (LVOC storage tanks), utilization of full process equipment is numerous, bulky, heavy, all disposed on the open deck surface of shuttle tankers. The loading capacity of the ship is increased by about 450-550 tons, the crude oil loading capacity of the shuttle oil carrier is reduced, the navigational speed of the shuttle oil carrier is reduced, the oil consumption of the shuttle oil carrier is increased, and the operation profit margin of the shuttle oil carrier is further reduced.

3. The storage tank for storing the VOC treated product LVOC is arranged on an weather deck, and is limited by a plurality of factors such as the weight of the receptor volume and the recovery amount of a single ship, and the volume of the storage tank is small. And because the ship is arranged on an open deck, the ship is easily influenced by ambient temperature and sunlight irradiation, and a strong temperature control system is needed, so that more electric energy is consumed, and more electric energy is consumed than the ship-shaped storage tank scheme (arranged in a cabin).

4. The VOC recovery processing system is additionally arranged on the shuttle oil ship and is mainly used for solving the problem of VOC recovery when crude oil is loaded from the FPSO on the sea, the time for loading crude oil from the FPSO by the shuttle oil ship accounts for 5.7% of the operation period of the shuttle oil ship, but the whole operation period of the shuttle oil ship is required to be loaded with the huge system to come and go between the FPSO and land terminals, and the unreasonable problems of high cost, low utilization rate and the like exist.

5. For conventional fuel shuttle tankers that are already in operation, the VOC recovery processed product LVOC has no good utilization solution, is difficult to recycle on conventional fuel shuttle tankers, is typically stored only by LVOC storage tanks, and is delivered to shore on-shore terminals.

6. The VOC recovery system has great influence on the overall technical scheme of the shuttle oil tanker, increases the difficulty and complexity of the design of the shuttle oil tanker, prolongs the period of the design, construction and debugging of the ship, increases the workload of the operation and maintenance of the ship, and brings a lot of difficulties to the design, construction, operation and maintenance of the shuttle oil tanker.

There is thus no mature solution to the VOC recovery process for shuttle tankers when loading crude oil from FPSO offshore. The VOC recovery system is additionally arranged on hundreds of shuttle oil tankers running in the world, and the VOC recovery treatment solutions adopted by all shuttle oil tankers are uneven, so that the technical scheme is not mature enough due to the limitation of factors such as cost, ship scale of the shuttle oil tankers, space, ship body equipment configuration and the like.

In summary, the shuttle oil carrier has a very large VOC emission when loading crude oil from the FPSO, and in recent years, governmental agencies in various sea areas continue to issue policies to limit VOC emission, so that it is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently in recent years to reasonably and efficiently solve the problem of large VOC emission of the shuttle oil carrier during loading.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention solves the problems that the solution scheme of VOC recovery treatment adopted by the shuttle oil tanker is uneven, the scheme principle of the additionally arranged VOC recovery system is different due to the limitation of various factors such as cost, ship scale, space, ship body equipment configuration and the like of the shuttle oil tanker, and the technical scheme is not mature enough, and simultaneously solves the problem that the cost of the additionally arranged VOC recovery system of the shuttle oil tanker is high.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a professional marine VOC recovery ship, compared with a shuttle oil ship with a VOC recovery system, the invention eliminates the function of transporting oil gas by the shuttle oil ship, and has the functions of sailing and dynamic positioning of the ship, and only comprises a VOC recovery module, a VOC processing module, a VOC storage module and a VOC utilization module;

the VOC recovery module is used for recovering VOC volatilized by the offshore shuttle oil ship;

the VOC treatment module is used for converting VOC into LVOC;

the VOC storage module is used for LVOC storage;

and the VOC utilization module is used for mixing LVOC and LNG and then using the mixed LVOC and LNG as fuel to recycle the generator of the VOC recovery ship as fuel.

The implementation of the above-mentioned functional module is achieved by referring to the form of the VOC recovery and treatment functional module and the liquid gas storage and utilization module technology of LNG and LPG carriers, which are installed on Aurora Spirit shuttle tanker as constructed in the three stars of korea, and adaptively changes according to the need.

The VOC recovery ship keeps a proper safe distance with the shuttle oil ship through a dynamic positioning function when in operation.

The VOC recovery ship has self-propulsion capability.

The VOC recovery vessel is fuelled with LNG.

The VOC recovery vessel is propelled with electricity.

The VOC recovery ship has a dynamic positioning function; the dynamic positioning function is to match a certain number of side pushing and full rotation propellers for the ship, so that the ship can keep its own position, the propellers are driven by electricity, and the ship with the dynamic positioning capability is many, such as a shuttle oil ship, a special engineering ship and the like.

The LNG fuel tank and the LVOC storage tanks of the VOC recovery ship are both designed inside the ship body.

One VOC recovery vessel serves 6 FPSOs in the same field with a mating shuttle tanker or 12 shuttle tankers in a single field.

A plurality of LVOC cabins are arranged in the ship body, three schemes of IMO A/B/C cabins are provided for selection, and one scheme can be selected as a real ship technical scheme according to requirements.

The sharing mode method based on any one of the above-mentioned marine VOC recovery ships is as follows:

an oilfield operates with one VOC recovery vessel servicing multiple shuttle tankers;

the VOC recovery ship is used for recovering VOC generated during the shuttle oil ship loading operation; after recovery, the VOC is treated and converted into a product LVOC which is stored in an LVOC cabin; the product LVOC is mixed with LNG as fuel for reuse as fuel to the generator of the VOC recovery vessel.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

(1) The problem of offshore oil field does not have VOC recovery device, the VOC recovery processing of shuttle oil ship when FPSO loads the operation is solved.

(2) The increasingly stringent VOC emission restrictions for each region can provide a fast VOC recovery solution to shuttle tankers already in operation in that region without requiring extensive work on existing shuttle tankers to install VOC recovery processing systems.

(3) The invention can save the huge investment of the oil carrier for installing the VOC recovery system for the future newly-built shuttle oil carrier or installing the VOC recovery system for the running shuttle oil carrier, namely 3000 ten thousand gold is needed to be added for each carrier, reduces the investment cost of the recovery of the marine VOC and has considerable economic benefit: one VOC recovery vessel may serve 12 shuttle tankers in a field, if each shuttle tanker is equipped with one set of VOC recovery device, 3000 tens of thousands of dollars would be required, the total investment of 12 shuttle tankers would be 3000 tens of thousands of dollars, 12=3.6 billions of dollars would be an initial investment, and the cost of operating and maintaining 12 sets of VOC recovery devices would be very high. However, if the oil transportation company invests one VOC recovery ship, the oil transportation company only needs to invest 5500 ten thousand cents, and the initial investment cost of 3.05 hundred million cents is saved.

(4) The operation and maintenance cost of adopting a special VOC recovery ship is lower than that required by respectively installing a set of VOC recovery system on 12 shuttle oil ships, and the later investment is also lower.

(5) The method can reduce a plurality of negative effects such as increased oil consumption, increased maintenance workload, reduced ship cargo capacity and the like of the shuttle oil tanker caused by the fact that the shuttle oil tanker is additionally provided with the VOC recovery treatment system.

(6) Depending on the capacity of the FPSO and the shipping voyage of the shuttle tanker, one VOC recovery vessel may serve at least 12 shuttle tankers in one field. The maximum utilization of the VOC recovery system is achieved. And meanwhile, the operation and maintenance cost of the shuttle oil tanker additionally provided with the VOC recovery system is reduced.

(7) One to two VOC recovery vessels can be configured according to the FPSO number and the loading frequency of the shuttle tanker by taking the oil field as a unit, so that the total investment and the operation and maintenance cost of the tanker operation company are reduced, and the method is the most economical and reasonable technical solution.

(8) The LVOC generated by the VOC recovery ship after treatment can be mixed with the LNG fuel to supply the generator of the VOC recovery ship for supplying the ship fuel, so that the recycling of the VOC at sea after the offshore recovery is realized, the recycling of the VOC at sea is not required to be carried back to a land terminal, the LNG fuel consumption of the VOC recovery ship is reduced, and the local recycling at sea is realized.

(9) Because the VOC recovery ship provides VOC recovery service for a plurality of shuttle oil ships, the quantity of the recovered VOC forms a certain scale, and the configured complete flow treatment system ensures that the yield of the product LVOC after VOC treatment can reach a certain scale, and more options can be provided in the aspect of reutilization.

(10) The processed product LVOC storage of the VOC recovery ship is not simply added with a small-capacity storage tank on the outdoor main deck surface of the ship, but a plurality of LVOC cabins (three options of IMOA/B/C cabins) are arranged in the main hull structure according to the capacity requirement, so that the maximum LVOC storage capacity possibly required by the VOC recovery ship is met. The ship has the advantages of large storage capacity, good ship stability, good heat preservation and insulation effects and the like.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a VOC recovery vessel servicing 6 vessels shuttle 1A-shuttle 6A with a period of 6 days.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the VOC recovery vessel servicing 6 vessels shuttle 1B-6B for one cycle following 6 days.

Detailed Description

The special offshore VOC recovery ship provided by the invention has the advantages that the function of transporting oil gas by the shuttle oil ship is abandoned, and besides the sailing function and the power positioning ability of the ship, the ship is provided with a VOC recovery module, a VOC treatment module, a VOC storage module and a VOC utilization module;

the VOC recovery module is used for recovering VOC volatilized by the offshore shuttle oil ship;

the VOC treatment module is used for converting VOC into LVOC;

the VOC storage module is used for LVOC storage;

and the VOC utilization module is used for mixing LVOC and LNG and then using the mixed LVOC and LNG as fuel to recycle the generator of the VOC recovery ship as fuel.

The VOC recovery ship keeps a proper safe distance with the shuttle oil ship through a dynamic positioning function when in operation.

The VOC recovery ship has self-propulsion capability.

The VOC recovery vessel is fuelled with LNG.

The VOC recovery vessel is propelled with electricity.

The VOC recovery ship has a dynamic positioning function, wherein the dynamic positioning function is to match a certain number of side pushing and full rotation propellers for the ship, so that the ship can keep its own position, the propellers are electrically driven, and the ship with the dynamic positioning capability is very many, such as a shuttle oil ship, a special engineering ship and the like. .

The LNG fuel tank and the LVOC storage tanks of the VOC recovery ship are both designed inside the ship body.

One VOC recovery vessel serves 6 FPSOs in the same field with a mating shuttle tanker or 12 shuttle tankers in a single field.

A plurality of LVOC cabins are arranged in the ship body, three schemes of IMO A/B/C cabins are provided for selection, and one scheme can be selected as a real ship technical scheme according to requirements.

The sharing mode method based on any one of the above-mentioned marine VOC recovery ships is as follows:

an oilfield operates with one VOC recovery vessel servicing multiple shuttle tankers;

the VOC recovery ship is used for recovering VOC generated during the shuttle oil ship loading operation; after recovery, the VOC is treated and converted into a product LVOC which is stored in an LVOC cabin; the product LVOC is mixed with LNG as fuel for reuse as fuel to the generator of the VOC recovery vessel. .

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, one VOC recovery vessel serves at most 6 FPSOs of the same field at the same time, and one VOC recovery vessel can serve at least 12 shuttle vessels in one field.

Because each FPSO is not used for loading crude oil to each shuttle oil ship at the same time, and the average time for loading crude oil to each shuttle oil ship is 20 hours, the function of providing VOC recovery service for a plurality of shuttle oil ships by reasonably arranging the loading time of each shuttle oil ship to the FPSO can be realized. That is, about 12 shuttle tankers can be serviced at the same time by putting a set of VOC recovery processing devices with a cost of 3000 tens of thousands of dollars. One VOC recovery vessel can save 3000 ten thousand america gold, 12=3.6 hundred million america gold initial investment required to install one set of VOC recovery processing device for 12 shuttle tankers. The oil transportation company invests one VOC recovery ship, only 5500 million gold is needed, and the initial investment cost of 3.05 million gold is saved.

Because the recovery ship is an LNG fuel power ship, autonomous navigation and accurate positioning can be realized, the recovery ship can navigate rapidly in an oil field area, a plurality of shuttle oil ships loading crude oil to FPSO are matched to provide VOC recovery treatment service, the recovered VOC product LVOC can be mixed with LNG and then used as fuel to recycle the generator of the VOC recovery ship as fuel, and the offshore local recycling can be realized without returning to a land end.

Specific embodiments of the present invention are described below:

taking the example of the cooperation of 15 ten thousand barrels of FPSOs and 12.5 ten thousand tons of shuttle oil tankers in daily yield, after the shuttle oil tankers of each FPSO are reasonably arranged to load, one VOC recovery ship can serve 6 FPSOs of the same oil field at most.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, one field has FPSO 1-FPSO 6, one FPSO has at least two shuttle tankers serving it, shuttle tankers serving FPSO1 are designated shuttle 1A, shuttle 1B, respectively, and shuttle tankers serving FPSO6 are designated shuttle 6A, shuttle 6B, respectively. The VOC recovery ships take 6 days as a period and serve the shuttling 1A to the shuttling 6A respectively, and take 12 days as a period and provide VOC recovery treatment service for 12 shuttling oil tankers in total from the shuttling 1A to the shuttling 6B respectively _。

In addition, the VOC recovery, processing, storage and utilization module related to the invention can adopt the prior art, such as an Aurora Spirit shuttle tanker built by the three stars in korea, and is provided with the VOC recovery, processing and storage module. The recovery and treatment module disclosed by the invention is consistent with the VOC recovery and treatment module technology of an Aurora Spirit shuttle oil ship. The storage module is preferably about ten times of the storage capacity of the Aurora Spirit shuttle oil ship, and the storage module is different from the storage technology of the Aurora Spirit shuttle oil ship, and adopts a mature liquid gas storage mode of all LNG/LPG gas transport ships in the current market, namely, a plurality of storage tanks (three different cabin types of IMOA/B/C can be adopted) are arranged in a ship body instead of one storage tank on an open-air deck surface of the ship. The utilization module technology of the present invention is consistent with generator gas supply module technology on LNG/LPG gas transport vessels (e.g., LNG carrier Diamond Gas Orchid). That is, the invention adopts a ship model with a brand new function which is built by adopting the mature technology of different existing ship models according to the function requirement of the target ship model.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention by making equivalents and modifications to the technical solution and the inventive concept thereof.

Claims (9)

1. An offshore VOC recovery vessel, characterized by: the system comprises a VOC recovery module, a VOC processing module, a VOC storage module and a VOC utilization module;

the recovery module is used for recovering VOC volatilized by the offshore shuttle oil ship;

the processing module is used for converting the VOC into LVOC;

the storage module is used for LVOC storage;

and the utilization module is used for mixing LVOC with LNG and then using the mixed LVOC as fuel to recycle the power generator of the VOC recovery ship as fuel.

2. The marine VOC recovery vessel of claim 1, wherein the VOC recovery vessel has self-propulsion and dynamic positioning capabilities.

3. Offshore VOC recovery vessel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the VOC recovery vessel is fuelled with LNG.

4. The marine VOC recovery vessel of claim 1 or 2, wherein the VOC recovery vessel is propelled with electricity.

5. The marine VOC recovery vessel of claim 2, wherein the VOC recovery vessel has a dynamic positioning function whereby the VOC recovery vessel maintains a safe distance from the shuttle tanker.

6. The marine VOC recovery vessel of claim 1, wherein the LNG fuel tanks and the LVOC storage tanks of the VOC recovery vessel are each designed inside the hull.

7. The offshore VOC recovery vessel of claim 1, wherein one VOC recovery vessel serves 6 FPSOs of the same field or 12 shuttle vessels within a field.

8. The marine VOC recovery vessel of claim 6, wherein a plurality of LVOC tanks are provided within the hull, the LVOC tanks employing an IMO a/B/C tank solution.

9. A sharing mode method implemented on the basis of the offshore VOC recovery vessel of any one of the preceding claims 1-8, characterized in that an oilfield operates in such a way that one of the VOC recovery vessels serves a plurality of shuttle tankers;

the VOC recovery ship is used for recovering VOC generated during the shuttle oil ship loading operation; after recovery, the VOC is treated and converted into a product LVOC which is stored in an LVOC cabin; the product LVOC is mixed with LNG as fuel for reuse as fuel to the generator of the VOC recovery vessel.