CN112479453B - System for recycling and utilizing mechanical energy of ballast water of top tank - Google Patents
System for recycling and utilizing mechanical energy of ballast water of top tank Download PDFInfo
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- CN112479453B CN112479453B CN202011231010.8A CN202011231010A CN112479453B CN 112479453 B CN112479453 B CN 112479453B CN 202011231010 A CN202011231010 A CN 202011231010A CN 112479453 B CN112479453 B CN 112479453B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 180
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 108010066057 cabin-1 Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 231100000989 no adverse effect Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
- C02F1/325—Irradiation devices or lamp constructions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/008—Originating from marine vessels, ships and boats, e.g. bilge water or ballast water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/001—Build in apparatus for autonomous on board water supply and wastewater treatment (e.g. for aircrafts, cruiseships, oil drilling platforms, railway trains, space stations)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a system for recycling and utilizing mechanical energy of ballast water of a top tank, which comprises: drainage system, water inlet system and power generation system. According to the invention, when the ballast water of the ship needs to be discharged, the potential energy of the ballast water of the top tank of the ship is recovered by utilizing the height advantage of the ballast water of the top tank of the ship, so that the loss of the energy of the ship is reduced, meanwhile, the mechanical energy contained in the ballast water of the top tank of the ship is converted into electric energy to supply power for part of the lamp tubes in the ultraviolet treatment device, the power consumption of the ultraviolet treatment device on the ship is reduced, the load of a ship power grid can be effectively reduced, and in addition, the electric energy generated in the system can be directly used for part of the ultraviolet lamp tubes through the rectification voltage regulating device without intermediate processes stored in a storage battery and the like, so that the intermediate energy consumption is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ships, and particularly relates to a system for recycling and utilizing mechanical energy of ballast water of a top tank.
Background
Currently, as cargo transportation is required, the types of ships are becoming more diverse, and cargo ships include various types of cargo ships, bulk carriers, container ships, roll-on-roll carriers, barges, tankers, liquefied gas carriers, and refrigerated carriers. Because of the special transportation of bulk carriers, the bulk carriers usually travel in an empty load, such as sand carriers in bulk carriers, and because the produced sand exists only near the cargo port, the sand carriers usually cannot load the cargo when the sand carriers arrive at the unloading port for returning, i.e. the empty load travels. However, the normal sailing of the ship needs to maintain a certain draft to avoid the situation that the center of gravity of the ship is too high and is easy to overturn, and meanwhile, the draft of the ship is also used for ensuring that the screw propeller behind the ship is always under the horizontal plane and no galloping phenomenon occurs, so that the ship needs to drive in a certain weight of seawater to maintain the draft, and the seawater is called as "ballast water", so that the ballast water is an important guarantee for safe, stable and efficient sailing of the ship.
Ballast water is in the ballast tanks of the ship, and in some bulk cargo ships, the ballast tanks of the ship are divided into a top tank and a bottom tank, wherein the top tank is located at a higher height, the height of the top tank from the horizontal plane can reach about 20m when the large bulk cargo ship is in no-load navigation, the ship consumes a large amount of energy when driving the ballast water into the top tank, and from another angle, when the ship arrives at a cargo port to discharge the ballast water of the top tank, a large amount of available mechanical energy is contained in the ballast water in the top tank.
In addition, although the existence of the ballast water of the ship ensures the safety of the ship sailing, the distance between the cargo port and the unloading port is far due to the long route of the ocean ship, and the biological species in the two sea areas are greatly different, so if the ballast water carried by the unloading port is directly discharged into the water area near the cargo port, a large amount of organisms contained in the ballast water can influence the organisms in the discharged water area, and even can cause biological extinction. For this reason, the international maritime organization requires that the ship must be provided with a ballast water treatment apparatus for treating ballast water during loading and discharging of the ballast water.
At present, ballast water treatment methods on ships are divided into a plurality of types, wherein ultraviolet treatment ballast water has the advantages of simple treatment method, no toxic or side effect, no adverse effect on ship pipelines, pump bodies and cabin coatings and the like, and is widely applied to ballast water treatment. However, in the ballast water treatment process, the higher the ultraviolet irradiation degree is, the better the sterilization effect is, so that in the ballast water treatment system, the power of the ultraviolet lamp tube can reach hundreds of kilowatts in order to achieve the better treatment effect, and a large amount of precious ship electric energy can be consumed.
Therefore, if the method can recover the mechanical energy in the ballast water and use the mechanical energy to provide the electric energy for the ultraviolet lamp tube when the ballast water in the top tank of the ship is discharged, the method has greater practical significance and is also in line with the current 'green shipping' theme.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, and provides a system for recovering and utilizing mechanical energy of ballast water in a top tank, which can recover energy contained in ballast water discharged by the top tank of a ship, convert the energy into electric energy and supply power for part of lamp tubes in an ultraviolet treatment device, reduce the power consumption of the ultraviolet treatment device to the ship, and realize energy conservation and emission reduction of the ship.
The system comprises: the system comprises a top tank, a branch water pipe, a water main, a water turbine stop valve, a water turbine, an ultraviolet treatment device, a first drain valve, a ballast pump, a second drain valve, a ballast pump bypass valve, a filter stop valve, a filter, a generator, a rectifying pressure regulator, a main bypass valve and a water inlet valve. The system can be divided into a drainage system, a water inlet system and a power generation system.
The drainage system includes: the system comprises a top side cabin, a branch water pipe, a water main, a water turbine stop valve, a water turbine, an ultraviolet treatment device, a first drain valve, a ballast pump, a second drain valve and a main bypass valve.
The water intake system includes: a ballast pump bypass valve, a filter device stop valve, a filter device and a water inlet valve.
The power generation system includes: a generator and a rectifying and voltage regulating device.
The top side cabins are closed cabins positioned at corners at two sides of the top of the cargo hold, and a plurality of top side cabins are arranged on the ship.
And branch water pipes for entering and exiting ballast water are arranged in the top side cabin, and each branch water pipe is communicated with the water main.
A water turbine is arranged in a water main close to the top side cabin, a water turbine stop valve is arranged between the water turbine and a pipeline of the top side cabin, an ultraviolet treatment device, a first drain valve, a ballast pump and a second drain valve are sequentially arranged on one side, far away from the top side cabin, of the water turbine in the water main, and the water main extends to the outside.
The water turbine in the water main is connected with a generator, the generator is connected with a rectifying and pressure regulating device through an electric wire, and the rectifying and pressure regulating device is also connected with a circuit of part of ultraviolet lamp tubes in the ultraviolet treatment device.
And a pipeline is connected between the first drain valve and the ballast pump on the water main, the other end of the pipeline is communicated with the outboard seawater, and a ballast pump bypass valve is arranged on the pipeline.
And a pipeline is also connected between the water turbine and the ultraviolet treatment device on the water main, the other end of the pipeline is arranged between a water turbine stop valve and the joint of each branch water pipe and the water main, and the pipeline is provided with a water inlet valve.
And a pipeline is also connected between the second drain valve and the ballast pump on the water main, the other end of the pipeline is arranged on the water main between the first drain valve and the ultraviolet treatment device, and a filter device stop valve and a filter device are also arranged on the pipeline.
A drainage bypass pipeline is further arranged in the system, and a main bypass valve is arranged on the drainage bypass pipeline.
When the bulk cargo ship arrives at the port of the cargo, the ballast water of the top tank needs to be discharged, a water turbine stop valve, a first drain valve and a second drain valve in the system are opened, the rest valves are closed, at the moment, the ballast water in the top tank is collected into a water main through a branch water pipe, and then sequentially discharged out of the ship through the water turbine stop valve, the water turbine, an ultraviolet treatment device, the first drain valve, the ballast pump and the second drain valve; or a water turbine stop valve, a first drain valve and a ballast pump bypass valve in the system are opened, and other valves are closed, at this time, under the action of gravity, ballast water in the top tank is collected into a main water pipe through a branch water pipe, and then is discharged out of the board through the water turbine stop valve, the water turbine, the ultraviolet treatment device, the first drain valve and the ballast pump bypass valve in sequence.
In the drainage system, under the action of gravity, the discharge of ballast water in the top tank can drive the water turbine in the water main to rotate, thereby driving the generator connected with the water turbine to generate electricity, and the power supply parameters can reach the requirements of the ultraviolet lamp tube through the rectifying and voltage regulating device, so that the effect of killing microorganisms can be achieved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. when the ship needs to discharge the ballast water, the invention utilizes the height advantage of the top tank of the ship to recycle the potential energy in the ballast water of the top tank, reduces the loss of mechanical energy in the ballast water of the ship and improves the economic benefit of the ship.
2. According to the invention, the mechanical energy contained in the ballast water of the ship top tank is converted into electric energy to supply power to part of the lamp tubes in the ultraviolet treatment device, so that the power consumption of the ultraviolet treatment device to the ship is reduced, and the load of a ship power grid can be effectively reduced.
3. The system design method is simple and practical, the generated electric energy can be directly used by part of ultraviolet lamp tubes through the rectification voltage regulating device, and complicated intermediate links such as storage batteries or integration into a ship power grid are not needed, so that the investment of electric hardware equipment and the energy consumption in the process are reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the position of the roof on the vessel according to the invention;
in the accompanying drawings: 1. a roof side compartment; 2. branch water pipe 3, main water pipe 4, water turbine stop valve; 5. a water turbine; 6. an ultraviolet treatment device; 7. a first drain valve; 8. a ballast pump bypass valve; 9. a ballast pump; 10. a second drain valve; 11. a filter device shut-off valve; 12. a filtering device; 13. a generator; 14. rectifying and voltage regulating device; 15. a main bypass valve; 16. and (3) a water inlet valve.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent.
A system for recovering and utilizing mechanical energy of ballast water in a top tank, as shown in fig. 1, the system comprising: the water turbine water treatment system comprises a top side cabin 1, a branch water pipe 2, a main water pipe 3, a water turbine stop valve 4, a water turbine 5, an ultraviolet treatment device 6, a first water discharge valve 7, a ballast pump bypass valve 8, a ballast pump 9, a second water discharge valve 10, a filter device stop valve 11, a filter device 12, a generator 13, a rectifying pressure regulating device 14, a main bypass valve 15 and a water inlet valve 16.
The system for recycling and utilizing the mechanical energy of the ballast water of the top tank can be divided into a drainage system, a water inlet system and a power generation system.
The drainage system includes: the water turbine water treatment device comprises a top side cabin 1, a branch water pipe 2, a water main 3, a water turbine stop valve 4, a water turbine 5, an ultraviolet treatment device 6, a first drain valve 7, a ballast pump 9, a second drain valve 10 and a main bypass valve 15.
The water intake system includes: ballast pump bypass valve 8, filter shutoff valve 11, filter 12, and inlet valve 16.
The power generation system includes: a generator 13 and a rectifying and voltage regulating device 14.
The top side tanks 1 are closed tanks at corners at both sides of the top of the cargo tank, as shown in fig. 2, and are provided in plurality on the ship.
The top tank 1 is internally provided with water branch pipes 2 for entering and exiting ballast water, and each water branch pipe 2 is communicated with a water main 3.
A water turbine 5 is arranged in the water main 3 close to the top side cabin 1, a water turbine stop valve 4 is arranged between the water turbine 5 and a pipeline of the top side cabin 1, an ultraviolet treatment device 6, a first drain valve 7, a ballast pump 9 and a second drain valve 10 are sequentially arranged on one side of the water turbine 5 in the water main 3, which is far from the top side cabin 1, and the water main 3 extends to the outside.
The water turbine 5 in the water main 3 is connected with the generator 13, the generator 13 is connected with the rectifying and pressure regulating device 14 through wires, and the rectifying and pressure regulating device 14 is also connected with the circuit of part of ultraviolet lamp tubes in the ultraviolet treatment device 6.
A pipeline is connected between the first drain valve 7 and the ballast pump 9 on the main pipe 3, the other end of the pipeline is communicated with the outboard seawater, and a ballast pump bypass valve 8 is arranged on the pipeline.
A pipeline is connected between the second drain valve 10 and the ballast pump 9 on the main water pipe 3, the other end of the pipeline is arranged on the main water pipe 3 between the first drain valve 7 and the ultraviolet treatment device 6, and a filter device stop valve 11 and a filter device 12 are also arranged on the pipeline.
A pipeline is also connected between the water turbine 5 and the ultraviolet treatment device 6 on the water main 3, the other end of the pipeline is arranged between the water turbine stop valve 4 and the joint of each branch water pipe 2 and the water main 3, and the pipeline is provided with a water inlet valve 16.
The system is also provided with a drainage bypass pipeline, the drainage bypass pipeline is provided with a main bypass valve 15, and the drainage bypass pipeline has the function of directly discharging ballast water into water without treatment when a ship encounters a special condition, such as loading ballast water and discharging ballast water in the same sea area.
When the bulk carrier arrives at a cargo port, and ballast water in the top tank 1 needs to be discharged, a water turbine stop valve 4, a first drain valve 7 and a second drain valve 10 in the system are opened, and other valves are closed, at the moment, the ballast water in the top tank 1 is collected into a main water pipe 3 through a branch water pipe 2, and then is discharged out of the ship through the water turbine stop valve 4, a water turbine 5, an ultraviolet treatment device 6, the first drain valve 7, a ballast pump 9 and the second drain valve 10 in sequence; or the water turbine stop valve 4, the first drain valve 7 and the ballast pump bypass valve 8 in the system are opened, and the rest valves are closed, at this time, under the action of gravity, the ballast water in the top tank 1 is collected into the total water pipe 3 through the branch water pipe 2, and then sequentially discharged out of the ship through the water turbine stop valve 4, the water turbine 5, the ultraviolet treatment device 6, the first drain valve 7 and the ballast pump bypass valve 8.
In the drainage system, under the action of gravity, the discharge of ballast water in the top tank 1 drives the water turbine 5 in the water main 3 to rotate, thereby driving the generator 13 connected with the water turbine to generate electricity, and the power supply parameters reach the requirements of the ultraviolet lamp tube through the rectifying and pressure regulating device 14, so that the established sterilization effect is achieved. Because the ultraviolet lamp tube consumes more energy, the electric energy generated by the part can supply power to part of the lamp tubes in the ultraviolet device 6, and the other ultraviolet lamp tubes still need the electric energy in the ship power grid to maintain normal work.
When the bulk carrier is about to start from the port, seawater is required to be pumped into the top tank 1, the ballast pump bypass valve 8, the filter shut-off valve 11 and the water inlet valve 16 are opened and the remaining valves are closed. At this time, the seawater outside the ship enters from the water main 3, passes through the ballast pump bypass valve 8, the ballast pump 9, the filter device shutoff valve 11, the filter device 12, the ultraviolet treatment device 6, and the water intake valve 16 in this order, and then is carried out in each ballast tank 1 through the branch pipe 2 connected to each ballast tank 1.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but is not limited to the examples described above, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. A system for recycling and utilizing mechanical energy of ballast water of a top tank is characterized in that: the system comprises a top side cabin (1), a branch water pipe (2), a main water pipe (3), a water turbine stop valve (4), a water turbine (5), an ultraviolet treatment device (6), a first drain valve (7), a ballast pump bypass valve (8), a ballast pump (9), a second drain valve (10), a filter device stop valve (11), a filter device (12), a generator (13), a rectifying pressure regulating device (14) and a main bypass valve (15), and can be divided into a drainage system, a water inlet system and a power generation system;
the drainage system includes: the system comprises a top tank (1), branch water pipes (2), a water main (3), a water turbine stop valve (4), a water turbine (5), an ultraviolet treatment device (6), a first drain valve (7), a ballast pump (9), a second drain valve (10) and a main bypass valve (15), wherein the top tank (1) is a closed tank positioned at corners at two sides of the top of a cargo hold, the branch water pipes (2) for entering and exiting ballast water are arranged in the top tank (1), and the branch water pipes (2) are communicated with the water main (3);
a water turbine (5) is arranged in the water pipe (3) close to the top side cabin (1), and the water turbine (5) is connected with a generator (13); a water turbine stop valve (4) is arranged between the water turbine (5) and a pipeline of the top tank (1), an ultraviolet treatment device (6), a first drain valve (7), a ballast pump (9) and a second drain valve (10) are sequentially arranged on one side, far from the top tank (1), of the water turbine (5) in the water main (3), and the water main (3) extends to the outside;
the water intake system includes: a ballast pump bypass valve (8), a filter device shut-off valve (11), a filter device (12) and a water inlet valve (16);
the power generation system includes: the device comprises a generator (13) and a rectifying and voltage regulating device (14), wherein the generator (13) is connected with the rectifying and voltage regulating device (14) through an electric wire, and the rectifying and voltage regulating device (14) is also connected with a circuit of part of ultraviolet lamp tubes in the ultraviolet treatment device (6).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011231010.8A CN112479453B (en) | 2020-11-06 | 2020-11-06 | System for recycling and utilizing mechanical energy of ballast water of top tank |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011231010.8A CN112479453B (en) | 2020-11-06 | 2020-11-06 | System for recycling and utilizing mechanical energy of ballast water of top tank |
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| CN112479453A CN112479453A (en) | 2021-03-12 |
| CN112479453B true CN112479453B (en) | 2023-11-21 |
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| CN116161739A (en) * | 2023-03-07 | 2023-05-26 | 天津大学 | Mountain area drinking water disinfection system and method based on vortex motor |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013004240A1 (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2013-01-10 | Grundfos Holding A/S | A method for producing and storing desalinated water on a marine vessel |
| CN110342705A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-10-18 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of ship ballast water treatment system |
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2020
- 2020-11-06 CN CN202011231010.8A patent/CN112479453B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013004240A1 (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2013-01-10 | Grundfos Holding A/S | A method for producing and storing desalinated water on a marine vessel |
| CN110342705A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-10-18 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of ship ballast water treatment system |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| （日本）佐藤拓郎等.2.2.1.2水力发电技术介绍.《智能电网标准：规范、需求与技术》.机械工业出版社,2020,(第1版),第26页. * |
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