CN117275826A

CN117275826A - High-speed differential cable and differential signal line group thereof

Info

Publication number: CN117275826A
Application number: CN202311507577.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王自和
Original assignee: Dongguan Ipt Industrial Co ltd
Current assignee: Dongguan Ipt Industrial Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-11-14
Filing date: 2023-11-14
Publication date: 2023-12-22

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of communication cables, in particular to a high-speed differential cable and a differential signal line group thereof, wherein the differential signal line group comprises two wire cores which are arranged side by side, at least one ground wire, a line group shielding layer and/or a line group middle layer; the wire core or the ground wire is provided with a positioning notch on the cover layer in the wire group, the ground wire is matched with the positioning notch, the wire group shielding layer wraps the wire core and the ground wire together, and adjacent supporting structures of two adjacent wire cores are mutually aligned. The wire core and the ground wire are effectively prevented from being displaced when the multi-group differential signal wire group is twisted and the cable is pulled, the comprehensive dielectric constant epsilon is kept stable, adjacent supporting structures of two adjacent wire cores are mutually aligned, mutual support is realized, the structural stability of the wire core insulating medium layer is kept, and the dielectric constant of the insulating medium layer is kept stable.

Description

High-speed differential cable and differential signal line group thereof

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of communications cables, and in particular, to a high-speed differential cable and a differential signal cable set thereof.

Background

Communication cables are a collective term for various wires that transmit electrical or optical signals. With the continuous increase of the transmission speed requirements between electronic devices and components, the increase of the data transmission speed is of great importance to the communication industry, so that high-speed high-frequency cables and optical fibers become a main transmission mode.

A high-speed differential cable is a common high-frequency high-speed communication cable, and generally includes a plurality of differential signal wire groups twisted together, where the differential signal wire groups generally include two wires such as a wire core and a ground wire. When the high-speed differential cable in the prior art is used for twisting a plurality of differential signal wire groups and the cable is pulled in a pulling way, the positions of the cable core and the ground wire are easy to change, the comprehensive dielectric constant epsilon of the insulating dielectric layer of the cable core is not stable enough, and the characteristic impedance matching property, the return loss and the attenuation performance of the differential signal cable are deteriorated, so that the signal transmission rate and the stability of signal transmission are affected.

Disclosure of Invention

First, the technical problem to be solved

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks and shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a high-speed differential cable and a differential signal line set thereof, which solve the technical problems caused by the easy change of the positions of the wire core and the ground wire and the insufficient stability of the overall dielectric constant epsilon of the insulating medium layer of the wire core when the high-speed differential cable is twisted and when the cable is pulled.

(II) technical scheme

In order to achieve the above purpose, the main technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps:

in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a differential signal line group, where the differential signal line group includes two wire cores arranged side by side, at least one ground wire, and a line group shielding layer, where the wire cores are provided with positioning notches, the ground wire is matched with the positioning notches, and the line group shielding layer wraps the wire cores and the ground wire together; or alternatively

The differential signal line group comprises two line cores which are arranged side by side, at least one ground wire, a line group shielding layer and a line group middle coating layer, wherein the line group middle coating layer wraps the two line cores which are arranged side by side, a positioning notch is arranged on the line group middle coating layer, the ground wire is matched with the positioning notch, and the line group shielding layer wraps the line cores and the ground wire;

wherein, evenly be equipped with a plurality of bearing structures around the conductor in the sinle silk, and the adjacent bearing structure of two sinle silk aligns each other.

According to the differential signal line group provided by the embodiment of the invention, the positioning notch is arranged on the wire core or the layer in the line group according to the specific structure of the differential signal line group, and the ground wire can be positioned and fixed by utilizing the positioning notch and the line group shielding layer, so that the unstable position of the wire core and the ground wire caused by the displacement of the positions of the wire core and the ground wire when a plurality of groups of differential signal line groups are twisted and the cable is pulled, and meanwhile, a plurality of supporting structures are uniformly arranged in the wire core around the conductor, and the adjacent supporting structures of the two adjacent wire cores are mutually aligned, so that the mutual support is realized, and the structural stability of the wire core insulating medium layer can be kept when the cable is stressed, so that the dielectric constant of the insulating medium layer is kept stable.

Optionally, the wire core comprises a conductor and an insulating medium layer wrapped on the conductor, wherein a plurality of holes parallel to the axis of the conductor are uniformly formed around the conductor in the insulating medium layer, and a supporting structure is formed between every two adjacent holes, wherein in any cross section of the wire core, the cross sections of all holes are identical in shape and are in axisymmetric patterns, and the symmetry axis of the cross section of each hole is intersected with the center of the circle of the cross section of the conductor;

adjacent support structures of adjacent two cores are aligned with each other.

The wire core evenly is equipped with a plurality of holes parallel with the axis of conductor around the conductor in insulating medium layer inside, forms bearing structure between the hole to, the combination of hole and bearing structure has not only increased insulating medium layer's toughness and has made it be difficult for the rupture when receiving tensile, buckling or even extrusion, has alleviateed the weight of wire core moreover, has reduced dielectric constant, has improved signal transmission rate.

Optionally, the number of the ground wires is 1, and arc-shaped notches are formed at adjacent positions of the two wire cores arranged side by side to form the positioning notch; or alternatively

The number of the ground wires is 2, 1 positioning notch is respectively arranged on two sides of each of the two wire cores arranged side by side, and the ground wires are respectively arranged on two sides of each of the two wire cores arranged side by side and matched with the corresponding positioning notch.

Optionally, the number of the ground wires is 1, and the positioning notch is arranged at a position corresponding to the adjacent position of the two wire cores on the outer side of the quilt layer in the wire group; or the number of the ground wires is 2, positioning notches are formed at two ends of the quilt cover in the wire group, and the ground wires are respectively positioned at two sides of the two wire cores which are arranged side by side and matched with the corresponding positioning notches.

Optionally, the wire set shielding layer is surrounded by a wire set outer coating layer.

Optionally, the cross section is isosceles triangle;

each isosceles triangle is a reverse triangle or a forward triangle; or alternatively

The isosceles triangle comprises a forward triangle and a reverse triangle, and the forward triangle and the reverse triangle are arranged at intervals;

the cross section of the supporting structure is columnar;

the reverse triangle refers to an isosceles triangle with the vertex pointing to the conductor, and the forward triangle refers to an isosceles triangle with the vertex pointing opposite to the vertex pointing of the reverse triangle.

The cross section of the hole of the wire core is designed into an isosceles triangle, so that the wire core has higher compressive strength when being subjected to external forces such as extrusion and bending, and is easier to rebound after the external forces disappear; meanwhile, the cross sections of the holes are isosceles triangles, and the vertical lines of the top angle and the bottom edge of each isosceles triangle are intersected with the circle center of the cross section of the conductor, so that the symmetry axis of each hole is the symmetry axis of the whole wire core, the holes are distributed around the symmetry circumference of the whole wire core, and the dielectric constants in all directions are ensured to be consistent.

Optionally, the conductor diameter is 0.16 to 0.2mm;

the diameter of the insulating medium layer is 0.32-0.4mm;

the side length of the isosceles triangle is 0.02mm.

The small-size wire diameter is adopted, so that the cable is more suitable for being applied to scenes needing high-frequency and high-speed cables with small outer diameters, such as aviation equipment.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a high-speed differential signal cable, including at least 1 single branch cable, where the single branch cable includes a plurality of differential signal line groups according to the first aspect, a first shielding layer, a second shielding layer, and a cable jacket layer;

the first shielding layer is internally wrapped with two differential signal line groups which are arranged in parallel, the wire cores of the two differential signal line groups are mutually aligned, and the adjacent supporting structures of the adjacent wire cores are mutually aligned;

a plurality of the differential signal line groups are arranged around the periphery of the first shielding layer;

the second shielding layer is wrapped outside the first shielding layer, and the differential signal line groups are arranged around the first shielding layer and between the first shielding layer and the second shielding layer;

the cable outer coating is wrapped on the outer side of the second shielding layer.

According to the high-speed differential cable provided by the embodiment of the invention, the two shielding layers are arranged in the single branch cable, the two differential signal wire groups which are arranged in parallel are arranged in the first shielding layer, and the wire cores of the two differential signal wire groups are aligned, so that the supporting structures of the wire cores are vertically and horizontally corresponding to each other, the wire cores can be mutually supported when being stressed, the structural stability of the wire core insulating medium layer is further improved, and the dielectric constant change is small after the wire cores are extruded.

Optionally, a braid layer is further disposed between the cable jacket and the second shielding layer.

Optionally, the high-speed differential signal cable includes 2 single branch cables, the two single branch cables are arranged side by side, and the cable outer layers of the two single branch cables are connected, and a connecting rib is formed between the two single branch cables.

The cable outer layers of the two single cables forming the high-speed differential signal cable are connected, and connecting ribs are formed between the two single branch cables, so that the high-speed differential signal cable has elasticity, is extrusion-resistant and is easy to rebound, and after the cable is stressed, the buffer of the outer sleeve layer is increased, so that the structural stability of the wire core insulating medium layer is further kept.

(III) beneficial effects

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

1. according to the specific structure of the differential signal line group, a positioning notch is arranged on a wire core or a layer in the line group, and the positioning notch and a line group shielding layer can be utilized to position and fix a ground wire, so that when a plurality of groups of differential signal line groups are twisted and a cable is drawn, the positions of the wire core and the ground wire are effectively prevented from being displaced, the stability of the comprehensive dielectric constant epsilon is maintained, meanwhile, a plurality of holes parallel to the axis of the conductor are uniformly formed in the insulating medium layer around the conductor by the wire core, supporting structures are formed between the holes, and the adjacent supporting structures of the two adjacent wire cores are mutually aligned, so that mutual support is realized, the structural stability of the insulating medium layer of the wire core can be maintained when the cable is stressed, the toughness of the insulating medium layer is increased when the holes and the supporting structures are combined, the insulating medium layer is not easy to break when the insulating medium layer is stretched, bent or extruded, the weight of the wire core is lightened, the dielectric constant is reduced, and the signal transmission rate is improved;

2. the cross section of the hole of the wire core is designed into an isosceles triangle, so that the wire core has higher compressive strength when being subjected to external forces such as extrusion and bending, and is easier to rebound after the external forces disappear; meanwhile, the cross sections of the holes are isosceles triangles, and the vertical lines of the top angle and the bottom edge of each isosceles triangle are intersected with the circle center of the cross section of the conductor, so that the symmetry axis of each hole is the symmetry axis of the whole wire core, the holes are distributed around the symmetry circumference of the whole wire core, and the dielectric constants in all directions are ensured to be consistent;

3. the small-size wire diameter is adopted, so that the cable is more suitable for being applied to scenes needing high-frequency and high-speed cables with small outer diameters, such as aviation equipment;

4. two shielding layers are arranged in a single branch cable of the high-speed differential cable, two differential signal wire groups which are arranged in parallel are arranged in a first shielding layer, wire cores of the two differential signal wire groups are aligned, so that supporting structures of the wire cores are vertically and horizontally corresponding to each other, the wire cores can be mutually supported when being stressed, the structural stability of a wire core insulating medium layer is further improved, and the dielectric constant change of the extruded wire cores is small;

5. the cable outer coating layers of the two single cables forming the high-speed differential signal cable are connected, and connecting ribs are formed between the two single branch cables, so that the high-speed differential signal cable has elasticity, is extrusion-resistant and is easy to rebound, and after the cable is stressed, the buffer of the cable outer coating layer is increased, so that the structure stability of the cable core insulating medium layer is further maintained.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a differential signal line group in some possible embodiments of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a differential signal line group in some possible implementations of embodiment 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a differential signal line group in some possible implementations of embodiment 1;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a core of a differential signal line group in some possible embodiments in embodiment 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of the core wire in some possible embodiments of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of lines in other possible embodiments of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of the core wire in still other possible embodiments of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of some possible solutions of the high-speed differential cable of embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of another possible embodiment of the high-speed differential cable of embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[ reference numerals description ]

10, a wire core; 11, conductors; 12, an insulating medium layer; 121, holes; 122, a support structure; 13, an outer coating layer; o, circle center; l, symmetry axis; s1, a center point of a reverse triangle; s2, a center point of the reverse triangle; 20, differential signal line groups; 21, ground wire; 22, a wire set shielding layer; 23, positioning the notch; 24, the wire group is covered; 25, a wire set outer coating layer; a first shielding layer 26; 27, a second shielding layer; 28, cable jacket; 281, connecting ribs; 29, braiding layers.

Detailed Description

The invention will be better explained by the following detailed description of the embodiments with reference to the drawings.

The differential signal line group comprises two wire cores, at least one ground wire and a line group shielding layer, wherein the wire cores are provided with positioning gaps, the ground wire is matched with the positioning gaps, and the line group shielding layer wraps the wire cores and the ground wire together; or the differential signal line group comprises two line cores arranged side by side, at least one ground wire, a line group shielding layer and a line group middle layer, wherein the line group middle layer wraps the two line cores arranged side by side, a positioning notch is arranged on the line group middle layer, the ground wire is matched with the positioning notch, and the line group shielding layer wraps the line cores and the ground wire; the wire core comprises a conductor and an insulating medium layer wrapped on the conductor, wherein a plurality of holes parallel to the axis of the conductor are uniformly formed around the conductor in the insulating medium layer, and a supporting structure is formed between every two adjacent holes; adjacent support structures of adjacent two cores are aligned with each other.

According to the specific structure of the differential signal line group, a positioning notch is formed on a wire core or a layer in the line group, and the positioning notch and the line group shielding layer can be used for positioning and fixing the ground wire, so that when a plurality of groups of differential signal line groups are twisted and a cable is drawn, the positions of the wire core and the ground wire are effectively prevented from being displaced, the unstable comprehensive dielectric constant epsilon is caused, meanwhile, a plurality of holes parallel to the axis of the conductor are uniformly formed in the insulating medium layer around the conductor, supporting structures are formed between the holes, the adjacent supporting structures of the two adjacent wire cores are mutually aligned, and thus mutual support is realized, the structural stability of the wire core insulating medium layer can be kept when the cable is stressed, the dielectric constant of the insulating medium layer is kept stable, in addition, the combination of the holes and the supporting structures not only increases the toughness of the insulating medium layer, so that the insulating medium layer is not easy to break when the insulating medium layer is stretched, bent or extruded, but also reduces the weight of the wire core, and improves the signal transmission rate.

In order that the above-described aspects may be better understood, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

Description of the specific embodimentsportions of the present invention are described.

Example 1:

referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a differential signal line group suitable for a high-speed differential cable.

In some possible solutions, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the differential signal line set 20 includes two wire cores 10 arranged side by side, a ground line 21, and a line set shielding layer 22. The wire core 10 is provided with a positioning notch 23, the ground wire 21 is matched with the positioning notch 23, and the wire group shielding layer 22 wraps the wire core 10 and the ground wire 21 together.

The wire core 10 includes a conductor 11 and an insulating medium layer 12 wrapped on the conductor 11, a plurality of holes 121 parallel to the axis of the conductor 11 are uniformly formed around the conductor 11 in the insulating medium layer 12, and a supporting structure 122 is formed between adjacent holes 121, wherein in any cross section of the wire core, the cross sections of the holes 121 are identical in shape and are all in axisymmetric patterns, the symmetry axis of the cross section of each hole 121 intersects with the center of the cross section of the conductor 11, and adjacent supporting structures 122 of two adjacent wire cores 10 are mutually aligned.

In practical application, as shown in fig. 1, the number of the ground wires 21 may be 1, and in this case, the adjacent positions of the two wire cores 10 arranged side by side are provided with the positioning notch 23.

In practical application, as shown in fig. 2, the number of the ground wires 21 may be 2, two sides of the two wire cores 10 arranged side by side are respectively provided with 1 positioning notch 23, and the two ground wires 21 are respectively located at two sides of the two wire cores 10 arranged side by side and are matched with the corresponding positioning notches 23.

It should be noted that, the core outer coating 13 of the core 10 is not necessary, and if the core 10 is provided with the core outer coating 13, the positioning notch 23 may be disposed on the core outer coating 13; if the core 10 does not have the core outer coating 13, the positioning notch 23 may be provided on the insulating medium layer 12. In practical applications, the two wire cores 10 may be wrapped together by the wire core outer coating 13 (as shown in fig. 1 and 2), and the effect of the wire core outer coating 13 is the same as that of the coating 24 in the wire set, i.e. the two wire cores 10 are wrapped together. In practical application, the core outer coating layer 13 may be separately disposed on each core 10.

In some possible solutions, referring to fig. 3, the differential signal line set 20 includes two line cores 10 arranged side by side, a ground line 21, a line set shielding layer 22, and a line set cover layer 24. The two wire cores 10 arranged side by side are wrapped together by the layer 24 in the wire group, the positioning notch 23 is arranged on the layer 24 in the wire group, the ground wire 21 is matched with the positioning notch 23, and the wire core 10 and the ground wire 21 are wrapped together by the shielding layer 22 in the wire group.

In practical applications, the quilt layer 24 in the string can be processed by extrusion or taping.

In practical application, the number of the ground wires 21 can be 2, and positioning notches 23 are arranged at two ends of the quilt layer 24 in the wire group; the ground wires 21 are respectively located at two sides of the two wire cores 10 arranged side by side and are matched with the corresponding positioning notches 23.

In practical application, the number of the ground wires 21 may be 1, and the positioning notch 23 is disposed at a position corresponding to the adjacent position of the two wire cores 10 on the outer side of the cover layer 24 in the wire set.

The differential signal line group comprises two line cores which are arranged side by side, and the line cores are provided with the positioning notches, so that the ground wires can be positioned and fixed by utilizing the positioning notches and the line group shielding layers, and the instability of the comprehensive dielectric constant epsilon caused by the displacement of the positions of the line cores and the ground wires when the differential signal line groups are twisted and the cables are pulled and stretched is effectively avoided.

In some possible implementations, referring still to fig. 3, the differential signal line set may further include a line set cover layer 25 wrapped around the line set shield layer 22.

In practical applications, the wire-set outer coating 25 may be wrapped by hot-melt mailer or plastic extrusion.

In some possible solutions, referring to fig. 4 to 7, the cross section of the hole 121 of the core 10 may be in a symmetrical pattern such as a circle, an ellipse, or an equilateral polygon, and the symmetry axis L thereof intersects the center O of the conductor 11, so that the holes 11 are distributed around the whole core symmetry circumference, and the dielectric constants in all directions are guaranteed to be consistent.

In practical application, referring to fig. 4, in any cross section of the wire core 10, the cross section of each hole 121 is isosceles triangle, each isosceles triangle is reverse triangle, and the cross section of the support structure 122 is columnar.

In this embodiment, the reverse triangle means an isosceles triangle whose apex angle is directed to the axis of the conductor 11, and the forward triangle means an isosceles triangle whose apex angle is directed opposite to the apex angle of the reverse triangle.

In practical application, please continue to refer to fig. 4, the cross section of the conductor 11 is a circular cross section, and the vertical line from the top to the bottom of each reverse triangle (i.e. the symmetry axis L) intersects with the center O of the circular cross section of the conductor 11; the center points S1 are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the concentric circles of the circular cross section of the conductor 11, i.e., the distances from the center point S1 to the center point O of each reverse triangle are equal.

In practice, the support structure 122 has a cylindrical cross-sectional shape, and the width of one end thereof away from the conductor 11 is smaller than the width of the other end thereof.

In practical applications, the isosceles triangles may be equilateral triangles; or the waist triangles may have only two sides equal and the angle of the apex angle is greater than the angle of the base angle, for example, the apex angle may be set at 70, where the base angle is 55. The angle of the top angle is designed to be larger than the angle of the bottom angle, so that the support structure is favorable for forming a columnar structure with a small outer end and a large inner end, the support effect is better, the cross section of the hole 11 is prevented from being too narrow, and the processing precision of the wire core 10 is further improved.

Since the triangle structure has the strongest stability, when the cross section of the hole 121 is isosceles triangle, the wire core 10 has higher compressive strength when being subjected to external force such as extrusion and bending, and the triangle is more easy to rebound after the external force disappears. The symmetry axis of each isosceles triangle is also the symmetry axis of the wire core 10, the whole wire core 10 is of a symmetrical circumference structure, the dielectric constants in all directions can be guaranteed to be consistent, the dielectric constant can be reduced to 1.1 from original 2.3, after the dielectric constant is reduced, the transmission rate is faster, and the rate can be increased from 32G to 64G. In addition, the vertex angle of the reverse triangle is arranged to point to the hole of the circle center of the lead, so that the stress at the position of the vertex angle is more concentrated when the wire core 10 is bent, the adhesive force of the insulating medium layer attached to the conductor is further improved, and the wire core 10 has better protection effect when being subjected to external force.

In practical application, referring to fig. 5, the vertex angle of each isosceles triangle is a regular triangle, the distances from the center point S2 of each regular triangle to the center point O are equal, and the cross-section of the support structure 122 is columnar.

In practical application, as shown in fig. 5, the vertical line from the vertex to the base of each forward triangle (i.e., the symmetry axis L) intersects with the center O of the circular cross section of the conductor 11; the center points S2 are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the concentric circles of the circular cross section of the conductor 11, i.e., the distances from the center point S2 of each of the forward triangles to the center O are equal.

In practical applications, when the cross section of each hole 11 is in the shape of a regular triangle or a reverse triangle, the number of holes 121 provided around the conductor 11 may be an odd number, such as 9, 11 or 13; an even number, such as 8, 10 or 12, is also possible. When the number of the holes 121 is an even number, the holes 121 may be uniformly and symmetrically distributed around the conductor 11.

In some possible implementations, referring to fig. 6, the isosceles triangle includes a forward triangle and a reverse triangle, and the forward triangle and the reverse triangle are spaced apart.

With continued reference to fig. 6, the distances from the center point S1 of each reverse triangle to the center point O are equal, the distances from the center point S2 of each forward triangle to the center point O are also equal, and the distances from the center point S1 of each reverse triangle to the center point O are greater than the distances from the center point S2 of each forward triangle to the center point, so that the vertex angle of each reverse triangle is flush or substantially flush with the edge of each forward triangle, interference between each forward triangle and the adjacent reverse triangle is avoided, and breakage of the wire core 10 caused by too thin position of the support structure 122 close to the conductor 11 is avoided.

In practical applications, as shown in fig. 6, the number of the forward triangles and the reverse triangles is equal, and may be an even number, for example, 6 for each of the forward triangles and the reverse triangles, and total 12 holes. The two support structures 122 on both sides of each regular triangle are in a group, uniformly and symmetrically distributed around the conductor 11, and the sides L1 and L2 of the two support structures 122 are parallel to each other. In this way, the whole wire core 10 can be in a symmetrical circumferential structure, the dielectric constants in all directions are ensured to be consistent, and the flexibility of the wire core 10 is improved.

In practical applications, referring to fig. 7, the core 10 may further include a core coating layer 13 wrapped on the insulating dielectric layer 12.

In practical applications, the material of the conductor 11 includes zinc-plated copper or tin-plated copper. The insulating medium layer 12 can be made by foaming process, and the material of the insulating medium layer comprises polypropylene PP, perfluoroethylene propylene copolymer FEP, polyethylene PE, soluble polytetrafluoroethylene PFA or polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE. The material of the core outer coating layer comprises polyvinyl chloride PVC, thermoplastic rubber TPE, polyurethane PU, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer ETFE, soluble polytetrafluoroethylene PFA, polypropylene PP, polyethylene PE, crosslinked polyethylene XLEP or chlorinated polyethylene CPE.

The wire core 10 can be applied to a high-frequency high-speed cable with a small structure, and the diameter of the conductor 11 is 0.16 to 0.2mm; the diameter of the insulating medium layer 12 is 0.32-0.4mm; the isosceles triangle of the cross section of the hole has a side length of 0.02mm.

In practical applications, the wire diameter and the impedance of the wire core 10 can be selected according to practical situations, for example, the impedance can be set between 80 Ω and 120 Ω.

In this embodiment, the positioning notch is arranged on the wire core or the layer in the wire group according to the specific structure of the differential signal wire group, and the positioning notch and the wire group shielding layer can be used for positioning and fixing the ground wire, so that when a plurality of groups of differential signal wire groups are twisted and the cable is drawn and stretched, the position of the wire core and the ground wire are effectively prevented from being displaced, the instability of the comprehensive dielectric constant epsilon is caused, meanwhile, a plurality of holes parallel to the axis of the conductor are uniformly formed in the insulating medium layer around the conductor by the wire core, supporting structures are formed between the holes, and the adjacent supporting structures of the two adjacent wire cores are mutually aligned, so that the mutual support is realized, the structural stability of the wire core insulating medium layer can be kept when the cable is stressed, the toughness of the insulating medium layer is kept stable, and the combination of the holes and the supporting structures not only increases the toughness of the insulating medium layer, so that the insulating medium layer is not easy to break when the insulating medium layer is stretched, bent or extruded, but also reduces the weight of the wire core, and improves the signal transmission rate.

Example 2:

on the basis of the foregoing embodiments, this embodiment 2 proposes a high-speed differential signal cable.

Referring to fig. 8, in some possible implementations, the high-speed differential signal cable includes 1 single branch cable. The single branch cable includes a plurality of differential signal wire sets 20, a first shielding layer 26, a second shielding layer 27, and a cable jacket 28 as described in embodiment 1.

The first shielding layer 26 is internally wrapped with two differential signal line groups 20 which are arranged in parallel, the wire cores 10 of the two differential signal line groups 20 are aligned with each other, and the adjacent supporting structures 122 of the adjacent wire cores 10 are aligned with each other; the second shielding layer 27 is wrapped on the outer side of the first shielding layer 26, and the plurality of differential signal line groups 20 are arranged around the first shielding layer 26 and are arranged between the first shielding layer 26 and the second shielding layer 27; the cable jacket 28 is wrapped around the outside of the second shield 27.

After the cables are twisted, the hollow white portions may be pressed, leaving only a small gap or completely pressed without a gap.

In practical applications, the wire set shielding layer 22, the first shielding layer 26 and the second shielding layer 27 may be made of aluminum foil/copper foil/graphene, and the width and thickness thereof may be customized according to the needs, and may be processed by means of drawing or wrapping. The cable coating 28 is made of polyvinyl chloride PVC, thermoplastic rubber TPE, polyurethane PU, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer ETFE, soluble polytetrafluoroethylene PFA, polypropylene PP, polyethylene PE, cross-linked polyethylene XLEP, or chlorinated polyethylene CPE.

Two shielding layers are arranged in a single branch cable, two differential signal wire groups which are arranged in parallel are arranged in the first shielding layer 26, and the wire cores 10 of the two differential signal wire groups are aligned, so that the supporting structures 122 of the wire cores 10 are vertically and horizontally corresponding to each other, the wire cores 10 can be mutually supported when being stressed, the structural stability of the wire core insulating medium layer 12 is further improved, and the dielectric constant change value of the extruded wire cores 10 is reduced.

In some possible solutions, as shown in fig. 8, a braid 29 is also provided between the cable jacket 28 and the second shielding layer 27.

In practical application, the braiding layer can be braided by copper, and the size and the number of copper wires can be customized according to the needs.

In some possible implementations, the high-speed differential signal cable may include 2 single branch cables disposed side by side with the cable jackets 28 of the two single branch cables connected and forming a connection rib 281 between the two single branch cables.

The cable outer coating layers 28 of the two single cables forming the high-speed differential signal cable are connected, and the connecting ribs 281 are formed between the two single branch cables, so that the high-speed differential signal cable 28 has elasticity, is extrusion-resistant and is easy to rebound, and after the high-speed differential signal cable is stressed, the buffer of the cable outer coating layers is increased, so that the structural stability of the cable core insulating medium layer 12 is further maintained.

The high-frequency high-speed cable of the present invention has the following advantages in combination with embodiment 1 and embodiment 2:

1. according to the specific structure of the differential signal line group, a positioning notch is arranged on a wire core or a layer in the line group, and the positioning notch and a line group shielding layer can be utilized to position and fix a ground wire, so that when a plurality of groups of differential signal line groups are twisted and a cable is drawn, the positions of the wire core and the ground wire are effectively prevented from being displaced, the unstable comprehensive dielectric constant epsilon is caused, meanwhile, a plurality of holes parallel to the axis of the conductor are uniformly formed in the insulating medium layer around the conductor by the wire core, a supporting structure is formed between the holes, the adjacent supporting structures of the two adjacent wire cores are mutually aligned, and thus mutual support is realized, the structural stability of the insulating medium layer of the wire core can be kept when the cable is stressed, the dielectric constant of the insulating medium layer is kept stable, in addition, the combination of the holes and the supporting structure not only increases the toughness of the insulating medium layer, so that the insulating medium layer is not easy to break when the insulating medium layer is stretched, bent or even extruded, but also reduces the weight of the wire core, and improves the signal transmission rate;

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; may be a communication between two elements or an interaction between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature is "on" or "under" a second feature, which may be in direct contact with the first and second features, or in indirect contact with the first and second features via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicate that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level lower than the second feature.

In the description of the present specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "particular examples," or "some examples," etc., refer to particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example as being included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.

While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that alterations, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made in the above embodiments by those skilled in the art within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The differential signal line group is suitable for a high-speed differential cable and is characterized in that the differential signal line group (20) comprises two wire cores (10) which are arranged side by side, at least one ground wire (21) and a line group shielding layer (22), wherein a positioning notch (23) is formed in the wire cores (10), the ground wire (21) is matched with the positioning notch (23), and the line group shielding layer (22) wraps the wire cores (10) and the ground wire (21) together; or alternatively

The differential signal line group (20) comprises two line cores (10) which are arranged side by side, at least one ground wire (21), a line group shielding layer (22) and a line group middle-cover layer (24), wherein the line group middle-cover layer (24) wraps the two line cores (10) which are arranged side by side, a positioning notch (23) is arranged on the line group middle-cover layer (24), the ground wire (21) is matched with the positioning notch (23), and the line group shielding layer (22) wraps the line cores (10) and the ground wire (21) together;

a plurality of supporting structures (122) are uniformly arranged in the wire cores (10) around the conductors (11), and adjacent supporting structures (122) of the two wire cores (10) are mutually aligned.

2. A differential signal line group according to claim 1, characterized in that the wire core (10) comprises a conductor (11) and an insulating medium layer (12) wrapped on the conductor (11), the insulating medium layer (12) is internally and uniformly provided with a plurality of holes (121) parallel to the axis of the conductor (11) around the conductor (11), the supporting structure (122) is formed between the adjacent holes (121), wherein in any cross section of the wire core, the cross section of each hole (121) has the same shape and is in an axisymmetric pattern, and the symmetry axis of the cross section of each hole (121) intersects with the center of the cross section of the conductor (11).

3. Differential signal line group according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of the ground lines (21) is 1, and the positioning notch (23) is arranged adjacent to the two wire cores (10) arranged side by side; or alternatively

The number of the ground wires (21) is 2, 1 positioning notch (23) is respectively arranged on two sides of each of the two wire cores (10) which are arranged side by side, and the ground wires (21) are respectively arranged on two sides of each of the two wire cores (10) which are arranged side by side and are matched with the corresponding positioning notch (23).

4. Differential signal line group according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of the ground lines (21) is 1, and that the outer side of the cover layer (24) in the line group is provided with the positioning notch (23) at a position corresponding to the adjacent position of the two wire cores (10); or alternatively

The number of the ground wires (21) is 2, positioning notches (23) are formed in two ends of a quilt layer (24) in the wire group, and the ground wires (21) are respectively located on two sides of the two wire cores (10) which are arranged side by side and are matched with the corresponding positioning notches (23).

5. A differential signal line set according to claim 1, characterized in that the line set shielding layer (22) is surrounded by a line set cover layer (25).

6. The differential signal line group according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the cross-section of the post (121) is in the shape of an isosceles triangle;

the cross-sectional shape of the support structure (122) is columnar;

wherein the reverse triangle refers to an isosceles triangle with the apex angle pointing to the conductor (11), and the forward triangle refers to an isosceles triangle with the apex angle pointing opposite to the apex angle of the reverse triangle.

7. A differential signal line group according to claim 6, characterized in that the conductor (11) has a diameter of 0.16 to 0.2mm;

the diameter of the insulating medium layer (12) is 0.32-0.4mm;

the side length of the isosceles triangle is 0.02mm.

8. A high-speed differential signal cable, characterized by comprising at least 1 single branch cable, said single branch cable comprising a plurality of differential signal line groups (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, a first shielding layer (26), a second shielding layer (27) and a cable jacket layer (28);

the first shielding layer (26) is internally wrapped with two differential signal line groups (20) which are arranged in parallel, the wire cores (10) of the two differential signal line groups (20) are mutually aligned, and the adjacent supporting structures (122) of the adjacent wire cores (10) are mutually aligned;

the second shielding layer (27) is wrapped outside the first shielding layer (26), and the plurality of differential signal line groups (20) are arranged around the first shielding layer (26) and are arranged between the first shielding layer (26) and the second shielding layer (27);

the cable outer coating (28) is wrapped outside the second shielding layer (27).

9. The high-speed differential signal cable according to claim 8, characterized in that a braid (29) is further provided between the cable jacket (28) and the second shielding layer (27).

10. The high-speed differential signal cable according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the high-speed differential signal cable comprises 2 single branch cables, which are arranged side by side, and that the cable jackets (28) of the two single branch cables are connected and form a connecting rib (281) between the two single branch cables.