CN117267632B - Gas leakage early warning method and device based on intelligent gas - Google Patents
Gas leakage early warning method and device based on intelligent gas Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 441
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 383
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D5/00—Protection or supervision of installations
- F17D5/02—Preventing, monitoring, or locating loss
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
- F17D1/02—Pipe-line systems for gases or vapours
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D3/00—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations
- F17D3/01—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations for controlling, signalling, or supervising the conveyance of a product
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Abstract
A gas leakage early warning method and device based on intelligent gas relates to the technical field of gas safety. In the method, a house structure and a pipeline structure in a target area are obtained, a plurality of detection points are determined according to the house structure and the pipeline structure, and corresponding sensing equipment is respectively arranged on the plurality of detection points; acquiring target detection data, wherein the target detection data is data for detecting fuel gas of a target detection point by target sensing equipment; judging whether the target detection data is larger than or equal to a preset detection threshold value; if the target detection data is greater than or equal to the preset detection threshold, confirming that the gas leakage occurs at the target detection point, and sending early warning information to the user equipment so that a user corresponding to the user equipment can process the target detection point according to the early warning information. By means of the technical scheme, the position of gas leakage can be rapidly determined by monitoring the gas in the target area in real time, early warning information is sent, and efficiency of manually checking the gas leakage reason is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of gas safety monitoring, in particular to a gas leakage early warning method and device based on intelligent gas.
Background
Along with the continuous development of social economy and the continuous acceleration of industrialization process, the quality of life and the living standard of people are continuously improved, gas is taken as an important energy source, and is closely related to the daily life of people, and the safety problem of a gas pipeline is paid attention to.
Currently, in order to meet the needs of users, intelligent fuel gas is applied to dynamic management of a fuel gas system, so that the intellectualization of the system is realized. The intelligent gas analyzes the urban gas system through information and communication technology, and bidirectional communication with users is realized. Because the gas has the characteristics of inflammability, explosiveness and toxicity, once leakage occurs, the fire and explosion conditions are extremely easy to cause, and in order to ensure the life safety of personnel, an intelligent gas alarm should be installed, and the equipment can send out audible and visual alarm when detecting that the gas is leaked and trigger an electromagnetic valve or a manipulator for closing an air source. However, after determining that the gas leakage occurs, an maintainer needs to arrive at the site to check the reason of the gas leakage, but when manually checking the reason of the gas leakage, pipelines and gas equipment in different areas need to be checked in sequence, so that the whole manual checking efficiency is low.
Therefore, a gas leakage early warning method and device based on intelligent gas are needed to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The method monitors the gas in the target area in real time, judges the detection data of different detection points, can quickly determine the position of gas leakage, sends early warning information, and improves the efficiency of manually checking the gas leakage reason.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a gas leakage early warning method based on intelligent gas, the method including: acquiring a house structure and a pipeline structure in a target area, determining a plurality of detection points according to the house structure and the pipeline structure, respectively setting corresponding sensing equipment on the plurality of detection points, setting one sensing equipment on one detection point, and enabling the target area to be an area corresponding to the same building; acquiring target detection data, wherein the target detection data is data of gas detection of target detection points by target sensing equipment, the target sensing equipment is any one of a plurality of sensing equipment, and the target detection points are any one of a plurality of detection points; judging whether the target detection data is larger than or equal to a preset detection threshold value; if the target detection data is greater than or equal to the preset detection threshold, confirming that the gas leakage occurs at the target detection point, and sending early warning information to the user equipment so that a user corresponding to the user equipment can process the target detection point according to the early warning information.
By adopting the technical scheme, the house structure and the pipeline structure in the target area are acquired, the sensing equipment is arranged on the detection points in the target area, one sensing equipment is arranged on each detection point, the sensing equipment is used for acquiring detection data, judging the target detection data, if the target detection data is greater than or equal to the preset detection threshold value, confirming that the gas leakage occurs at the target detection point, sending early warning information to user equipment, and the user can know the position of the gas leakage and process the target detection point, so that the efficiency of manually checking the gas leakage reason is improved.
Optionally, after determining whether the target detection data is greater than or equal to the preset detection threshold, the method further includes: acquiring the use state of the gas equipment in the target area, wherein the use state comprises an opening state or a closing state; if the gas equipment in the target area is in an on state, acquiring a preset first detection threshold value; calculating a difference value between target detection data and a preset first detection threshold value to obtain a first detection difference value; judging whether the first detection difference value is larger than or equal to a preset detection first difference value or not; if the first detection difference value is larger than or equal to the preset detection first difference value, initially confirming that the gas leakage occurs at the target detection point.
By adopting the technical scheme, the use state of the gas equipment in the target area is acquired, basic data are provided for subsequent judgment of gas leakage, when the gas equipment is in the on state, a corresponding preset first detection threshold value in the on state is acquired, the difference value between the target detection data and the preset first detection threshold value is calculated, a first detection difference value is obtained, when the first detection difference value is greater than or equal to the preset first detection difference value, the gas leakage can be primarily judged, the gas leakage event can be timely found according to the judgment of the gas equipment in the on state, and the safety of a user is ensured.
Optionally, after determining whether the target detection data is greater than or equal to the preset detection threshold, the method further includes: if the gas equipment in the target area is in a closed state, acquiring a preset second detection threshold value; calculating a difference value between the target detection data and a preset second detection threshold value to obtain a second detection difference value; judging whether the second detection difference value is larger than or equal to a preset detection second difference value or not; if the second detection difference value is larger than or equal to the preset detection second difference value, initially confirming that the gas leakage occurs at the target detection point.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when gas equipment is in the state of closing, obtain the second detection threshold value of predetermineeing that corresponds when closing the state, calculate the target detection data and predetermine the difference of second detection threshold value, obtain the second detection difference, when the second detection difference is greater than or equal to predeterminedly detect the second difference, can tentatively judge that gas leakage takes place, judge according to gas equipment in the state of closing, can in time discover gas leakage event, ensure user's safety.
Optionally, after preliminarily confirming that the gas leakage occurs at the target detection point if the first detection difference is greater than or equal to the preset detection first difference, the method further includes: acquiring a first gas concentration value, wherein the first gas concentration value is a gas concentration value detected by target sensing equipment to a target detection point; judging whether the first fuel gas concentration value is larger than or equal to a second fuel gas concentration threshold value; and when the first gas concentration value is greater than or equal to the second gas concentration threshold value, confirming that the gas leakage occurs at the target detection point.
By adopting the technical scheme, the first gas concentration value corresponding to the target detection point is obtained, when the first gas concentration value is greater than or equal to the second gas concentration threshold value, the gas leakage of the target detection point is confirmed, and necessary measures are taken for the target detection point in time so as to ensure the safety of a user.
Optionally, after confirming that the gas leakage occurs at the target detection point if the target detection data is greater than or equal to the preset detection threshold, the method further includes: acquiring a target position, wherein the target position is a position corresponding to a target detection point; judging whether the target position meets a preset first condition or not, wherein the preset first condition is that the position corresponding to the detection point is a gas pipeline; if the target position meets the preset first condition, confirming that the target detection point corresponds to the pipeline fault, so that the gas pipeline of the target detection point can be conveniently checked according to the pipeline fault.
By adopting the technical scheme, the position information corresponding to the target detection point, namely the target position, can be obtained, when the target position meets the preset first condition, the fault of the gas pipeline corresponding to the target detection point can be confirmed, the gas pipeline of the target detection point can be inspected according to the pipeline fault condition, and further corresponding measures are taken for the pipeline problem, so that the gas use safety of a user is ensured.
Optionally, after the target position is obtained and the target position is the position corresponding to the target detection point, the method further includes: judging whether the target position meets a preset second condition, wherein the preset second condition is that the position corresponding to the detection point is gas equipment; if the target position meets the preset second condition, confirming that the target detection point corresponds to the gas equipment fault, so that the gas equipment of the target detection point can be conveniently checked according to the gas equipment fault.
By adopting the technical scheme, the position information corresponding to the target detection point, namely the target position, can be obtained, when the target position meets the preset second condition, the gas equipment corresponding to the target detection point can be confirmed to have faults, the gas equipment of the target detection point can be checked according to the faults of the gas equipment, and further corresponding measures are taken for the gas equipment, so that the normal operation of the gas equipment and the gas use safety are ensured.
Optionally, acquiring a house structure and a pipeline structure in the target area, and determining a plurality of detection points according to the house structure and the pipeline structure specifically includes: obtaining a corresponding pipeline connection position in a pipeline structure, and obtaining a first target position of the pipeline connection position in a house structure; acquiring the corresponding gas equipment installation position of the pipeline structure, and acquiring a second target position of the gas equipment installation position in the house structure; and summarizing the first target position and the second target position to obtain a plurality of detection points.
By adopting the technical scheme, the first target position of the pipeline connecting part in the house structure can be obtained, the second target position of the gas equipment mounting part in the house structure is obtained, the first target position and the second target position are summarized, the position information of a plurality of detection points can be obtained, the problems of different positions are comprehensively considered, and the sensing equipment is arranged at the plurality of detection points so as to improve the gas leakage checking efficiency.
In a second aspect of the present application, a gas leakage early warning device based on intelligent gas is provided, the device includes an acquisition unit, a processing unit and a confirmation unit; the system comprises an acquisition unit, a control unit and a control unit, wherein the acquisition unit acquires a house structure and a pipeline structure in a target area, determines a plurality of detection points according to the house structure and the pipeline structure, sets corresponding sensing equipment on each detection point, sets one sensing equipment on one detection point, and the target area is an area corresponding to the same building; acquiring target detection data, wherein the target detection data is data of gas detection of target detection points by target sensing equipment, the target sensing equipment is any one of a plurality of sensing equipment, and the target detection points are any one of a plurality of detection points; the processing unit is used for judging whether the target detection data is larger than or equal to a preset detection threshold value; and the confirmation unit confirms that the gas leakage occurs at the target detection point if the target detection data is greater than or equal to a preset detection threshold value, and sends early warning information to the user equipment so that a user corresponding to the user equipment can process the target detection point according to the early warning information.
Optionally, the acquiring unit is configured to acquire a use state of the gas device in the target area, where the use state includes an on state or an off state; the processing unit is used for acquiring a preset first detection threshold value if the gas equipment in the target area is in an on state; calculating a difference value between target detection data and a preset first detection threshold value to obtain a first detection difference value; judging whether the first detection difference value is larger than or equal to a preset detection first difference value or not; the confirmation unit is used for preliminarily confirming that the gas leakage occurs at the target detection point if the first detection difference value is larger than or equal to the preset detection first difference value.
Optionally, the acquiring unit is configured to acquire a preset second detection threshold if the gas equipment in the target area is in a closed state; the processing unit is used for calculating a difference value between the target detection data and a preset second detection threshold value to obtain a second detection difference value; judging whether the second detection difference value is larger than or equal to a preset detection second difference value or not; and the confirmation unit is used for preliminarily confirming that the gas leakage occurs at the target detection point if the second detection difference value is larger than or equal to the preset detection second difference value.
Optionally, the acquiring unit is configured to acquire a first gas concentration value, where the first gas concentration value is a gas concentration value detected by the target sensing device to the target detection point; the processing unit is used for judging whether the first fuel gas concentration value is larger than or equal to a second fuel gas concentration threshold value; and the confirmation unit is used for confirming that the gas leakage occurs at the target detection point when the first gas concentration value is greater than or equal to the second gas concentration threshold value.
Optionally, the acquiring unit is configured to acquire a target position, where the target position is a position corresponding to the target detection point; the processing unit is used for judging whether the target position meets a preset first condition, wherein the preset first condition is that the position corresponding to the detection point is a gas pipeline; and the confirming unit is used for confirming that the target detection point corresponds to the pipeline fault if the target position meets the preset first condition so as to facilitate the investigation of the gas pipeline of the target detection point according to the pipeline fault.
Optionally, the processing unit is configured to determine whether the target position meets a preset second condition, where the preset second condition is that a position corresponding to the detection point is a gas device; and the confirming unit is used for confirming that the target detection point corresponds to the gas equipment fault if the target position meets the preset second condition so as to facilitate the investigation of the gas equipment of the target detection point according to the gas equipment fault.
Optionally, the acquiring unit is configured to acquire a corresponding pipeline connection position in the pipeline structure, so as to obtain a first target position of the pipeline connection position in the building structure; the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the corresponding gas equipment installation position of the pipeline structure to obtain a second target position of the gas equipment installation position in the house structure; the processing unit is used for summarizing the first target position and the second target position to obtain a plurality of detection points.
In a third aspect the present application provides an electronic device comprising a processor, a memory for storing instructions, a user interface and a network interface for communicating with other devices, the processor for executing instructions stored in the memory, such that an electronic device performs a method as any one of the above described applications.
In a fourth aspect the present application provides a computer readable storage medium storing instructions which, when executed, perform a method of any one of the above-described aspects of the present application.
In summary, one or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application at least have the following technical effects or advantages:
1. acquiring a house structure and a pipeline structure in a target area, arranging sensing equipment on detection points in the target area, arranging one sensing equipment on each detection point, acquiring detection data through the sensing equipment, judging the target detection data, if the target detection data is larger than or equal to a preset detection threshold value, confirming that the gas leakage occurs at the target detection point, sending early warning information to user equipment, enabling the user to know the position of the gas leakage, processing the target detection point, and improving the efficiency of manually checking the gas leakage reason.
2. The method comprises the steps of obtaining the use state of gas equipment in a target area, providing basic data for subsequent judgment of gas leakage, obtaining a corresponding preset first detection threshold value in an on state when the gas equipment is in the on state, calculating the difference value between the target detection data and the preset first detection threshold value to obtain a first detection difference value, and when the first detection difference value is greater than or equal to the preset first detection difference value, primarily judging that gas leakage occurs, judging the gas equipment in the on state according to the judgment, timely finding a gas leakage event and guaranteeing the safety of a user.
3. When the gas equipment is in a closed state, a corresponding preset second detection threshold value in the closed state is obtained, a difference value between target detection data and the preset second detection threshold value is calculated, a second detection difference value is obtained, when the second detection difference value is larger than or equal to the preset second detection difference value, gas leakage can be primarily judged, and according to the judgment of the gas equipment in the closed state, a gas leakage event can be timely found, so that the safety of a user is ensured.
4. And acquiring a first gas concentration value corresponding to the target detection point, and when the first gas concentration value is greater than or equal to the second gas concentration threshold value, confirming that the gas leakage occurs at the target detection point, and taking necessary measures on the target detection point in time so as to ensure the safety of a user.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a gas leakage early warning method based on intelligent gas according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a gas leakage early warning device based on intelligent gas according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals illustrate: 201. an acquisition unit; 202. a processing unit; 203. a confirmation unit; 300. an electronic device; 301. a processor; 302. a communication bus; 303. a user interface; 304. a network interface; 305. a memory.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present specification, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments.
In the description of embodiments of the present application, words such as "for example" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described herein as "such as" or "for example" should not be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "or" for example "is intended to present related concepts in a concrete fashion.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "plurality" means two or more. For example, a plurality of systems means two or more systems, and a plurality of screen terminals means two or more screen terminals. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating an indicated technical feature. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless expressly specified otherwise.
In the intelligent gas system, the running state of the urban gas system is perceived in real time through on-line monitoring equipment such as a data acquisition instrument, pipe pressure, pipe network scheduling and the like and a visual mode is adopted to organically integrate a gas management department and a gas facility, so that an urban gas Internet of things is formed; the mass information is analyzed and processed in time, corresponding processing results and auxiliary decision suggestions are made, and the whole production, transmission, distribution, service and other processes of the gas system are managed in a finer and dynamic mode, so that the intelligent state is achieved. And the intelligent gas of this application utilizes internet of things and intelligent equipment to manage and control gas supply system, through internet of things, intelligent gas system can realize remote monitoring and control, and then improves the security of gas, improves user's experience.
Currently, in order to meet the needs of users, intelligent fuel gas is applied to dynamic management of a fuel gas system, so that the intellectualization of the system is realized. The intelligent gas analyzes the urban gas system through information and communication technology, and bidirectional communication with users is realized. Because the gas has the characteristics of inflammability, explosiveness and toxicity, once leakage occurs, the fire and explosion conditions are extremely easy to cause, and in order to ensure the life safety of personnel, an intelligent gas alarm should be installed, and the equipment can send out audible and visual alarm when detecting that the gas is leaked and trigger an electromagnetic valve or a manipulator for closing an air source. However, after determining that the gas leakage occurs, an maintainer needs to arrive at the site to check the reason of the gas leakage, but when manually checking the reason of the gas leakage, pipelines and gas equipment in different areas need to be checked in sequence, so that the whole manual checking efficiency is low.
Therefore, how to improve the efficiency of manually checking the cause of gas leakage is a problem that needs to be solved at present. In the application and the server of the gas leakage early warning method based on intelligent gas provided in the embodiment of the present application, the server of the present application may be a platform for providing services for gas companies, and fig. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the gas leakage early warning method based on intelligent gas provided in the embodiment of the present application, and referring to fig. 1, the method includes the following steps S101 to S104.
S101: acquiring a house structure and a pipeline structure in a target area, determining a plurality of detection points according to the house structure and the pipeline structure, respectively setting corresponding sensing equipment on the detection points, setting one sensing equipment on one detection point, and enabling the target area to be an area corresponding to the same building.
In the above S101, in order to better examine the cause of gas leakage, obtain the corresponding building structure and pipeline structure in the target area, in this application, because the building structure layout of each floor in the same building of the same district is the same, so this application is setting up the mounting position of sensing equipment, based on setting up the actual condition of the target area, at this moment the building structure can understand the house type and the layout of room, after confirming the building structure that corresponds in the target area, when installing gas pipeline and gas equipment in the target area again, need confirm the installation of gas pipeline and gas equipment according to the building structure. The target area is an area corresponding to the same building, namely, 1 unit of the xx cell is the target area. Before the detection point is determined according to the house structure and the pipeline structure in the target area, the gas pipeline and the gas equipment in the target area are required to be determined to be installed, namely, the condition that the uninstalled gas pipeline and the uninstalled gas equipment are not exist in the target area is avoided.
The specific steps of determining the plurality of detection points according to the house structure and the pipeline structure are as follows, firstly, the corresponding pipeline connection position in the pipeline structure is required to be obtained, then the first target position of the pipeline connection position in the house structure is obtained, the purpose of obtaining the gas pipeline connection position is that the reasons for causing gas leakage include that the pipeline connection is unstable or aged, in order to improve the investigation efficiency for the reasons for gas leakage, the corresponding pipeline connection position in the pipeline result can be obtained, and the position of the pipeline connection position in the house structure is obtained, so that the pipeline connection position can be accurately positioned, and the follow-up investigation of the pipeline connection problem is facilitated. Secondly, acquire pipeline structure again in corresponding gas equipment installation department, be located the second target position in the house structure in acquisition gas equipment installation department, acquire gas equipment installation department's aim at, lead to the cause of gas leakage still to include gas valve trouble or gas equipment and break down, use the equipment of gas to include gas heater, gas-cooker, gas air conditioner, gas oven and gas insulation can etc.. The specific gas equipment used can be adjusted based on actual conditions. After the second target position of the gas equipment in the house structure is obtained, the position of the gas equipment can be accurately positioned, so that the follow-up troubleshooting of the gas equipment is facilitated. And finally, summarizing the first target position and the second target position, namely positioning the position easy to occur gas leakage, comprehensively considering the probability of gas leakage at different positions, and further obtaining a plurality of detection points. By acquiring the house structure and the pipeline structure in the target area, an accurate map can be established, the trend and the connection relation of the gas pipeline can be determined, and an accurate basis is provided for subsequent sensing equipment arrangement.
After determining a plurality of corresponding detection points in the target area, a corresponding sensing device can be arranged in each detection point, and one sensing device is arranged on one detection point. After the sensing devices are respectively arranged at the positions corresponding to the detection points, detection data of the detection points, namely a plurality of detection data, of the sensing devices are acquired. The sensing device may detect the gas concentration in real time, and the corresponding detection point may be defined as a potential gas leakage point.
S102: acquiring target detection data, wherein the target detection data is data of gas detection of target detection points by target sensing equipment, the target sensing equipment is any one of a plurality of sensing equipment, and the target detection points are any one of a plurality of detection points.
In S102, the sensing device may continuously acquire the detection data, and a plurality of detection points exist in the target area, that is, detection data corresponding to different detection points need to be determined sequentially, so as to determine the position where the gas leakage occurs. The server acquires target detection data, wherein the target detection data is any one detection data of a plurality of detection data, in order to avoid the situation that the acquired plurality of detection data cannot be in one-to-one correspondence with the positions of detection points, namely, the corresponding detection points cannot be determined by the detection data, the plurality of detection points can be sorted according to serial numbers, namely, the target detection points, the second detection points, the third detection points and the like, after the detection points are sorted, the data of the sensing equipment for detecting the target detection points are the target detection data, the data of the sensing equipment for detecting the second detection points are the second detection data, and the data of the sensing equipment for detecting the nth detection points are the nth detection data. The detection data corresponds to the detection points one by one.
At this time, the target detection data is data of gas detection of the target detection point by the target sensing device, the target sensing device is any one of the plurality of sensing devices, and the target detection point is any one of the plurality of detection points.
S103: and judging whether the target detection data is larger than or equal to a preset detection threshold value.
In S103, in order to improve the accurate determination of the gas leakage, different thresholds are further set according to the usage state of the gas equipment, so as to determine the gas leakage in the target area. The method comprises the steps of obtaining the use state of the gas equipment in a target area, wherein the use state comprises an opening state or a closing state, the opening state in the application represents the current use state of the gas equipment, and the closing state represents the current unused state of the gas equipment.
The use state of the gas equipment in the target area is acquired, the use state can be determined through an indicator lamp or a display screen of the gas equipment, and whether the gas equipment is in an on state or an off state can be judged through observing the on or off state of the indicator lamp. And whether the gas equipment is in an open state or not can be judged by reading the gas flowmeter, when the reading of the gas flowmeter is unchanged or zero, the gas equipment is in a closed state, and when the reading of the gas flowmeter is changed, the gas equipment is in an open state when using gas. And specifically selecting any one of the modes to obtain the use state of the gas equipment.
The server obtains the readings of the gas flowmeter through obtaining the readings of the gas flowmeter, the obtained readings are first readings, after the preset time interval is set, the server obtains second readings of the gas flowmeter, compares the first readings with the second readings, judges whether the first readings are consistent with the second readings, and confirms that the gas equipment is in an on state currently if the first readings are inconsistent with the second readings. Acquiring a preset first detection threshold when the gas equipment in the target area is in an on state, wherein the preset first detection threshold is normal detection data set when the gas equipment is in the on state; calculating a difference value between the target detection data and a preset first detection threshold value to obtain a first detection difference value, wherein the first detection difference value can intuitively know the difference value between the current target detection data and the preset first detection threshold value; and judging whether the first detection difference value is larger than or equal to a preset detection first difference value, wherein the preset detection first difference value is a data range in which the detection data can normally fluctuate when the gas equipment is in an on state, and when the first detection difference value is larger than or equal to the preset detection first difference value, preliminarily confirming that the gas leakage occurs at the target detection point.
After the gas leakage of the target detection point is primarily judged in the method, in order to further confirm the position of the gas leakage, the gas concentration of the target detection point can be obtained, and whether the target detection point is the position where the gas leakage occurs or not is further judged through the gas concentration. The gas concentration of the target detection point is detected by the target sensing equipment, so that the gas concentration value of the target detection point, namely the first gas concentration value, can be obtained. And judging whether the first gas concentration value is larger than or equal to a second gas concentration threshold value, wherein the second gas concentration threshold value is a normal gas concentration threshold value of the target detection point when the gas equipment is in an on state. The setting of the second gas concentration threshold value at the different detection points may be adjusted based on the use state of the gas apparatus, which is not limited herein. When the first gas concentration value is greater than or equal to the second gas concentration threshold value, confirming that the gas leakage occurs at the target detection point, and sending early warning information to the user equipment, wherein the user equipment is user equipment bound with the gas equipment.
For example, the gas concentration of the target detection point is obtained by using the target sensing device, the first gas concentration value is 20, and the gas device is confirmed to be in an on state, the second gas concentration threshold is set to 15, when the first gas concentration value is greater than the second gas concentration threshold, the gas leakage of the target detection point is confirmed, the user a for installing the target sensing device in the target area is obtained, early warning information is sent to the user a, the user a is prompted to generate the gas leakage of the current target detection point, and a maintainer needs to be contacted in time to maintain the target detection point.
In addition, when the first reading is consistent with the second reading, the gas equipment is confirmed to be in a closed state currently. Acquiring a preset second detection threshold when the gas equipment in the target area is in a closed state, wherein the preset second detection threshold is normal detection data set when the gas equipment is in the closed state; in order to prevent potential gas leakage risk when the gas equipment is in a closed state, a preset second detection threshold value is set, so that the accuracy of judging gas leakage is improved. Calculating the difference value between the target detection data and a preset second detection threshold value to obtain a second detection difference value, wherein the second detection difference value can intuitively know the difference value between the current target detection data and the preset second detection threshold value; judging whether the second detection difference value is larger than or equal to a preset detection second difference value, wherein the preset detection second difference value is a data range in which detection data can normally fluctuate when the gas equipment is in a closed state, and when the second detection difference value is larger than or equal to the preset detection second difference value, preliminarily confirming that gas leakage occurs at the target detection point.
After the gas leakage of the target detection point is preliminarily determined, in order to further determine whether the gas leakage position is located at the target detection point, the gas concentration of the target detection point can be obtained through the target sensing equipment, namely, a first gas concentration value, and when judging whether the first gas concentration value is greater than or equal to a third gas concentration threshold value, the third gas concentration threshold value is a normal gas concentration threshold value of the target detection point when the gas equipment is in a closed state. When the first gas concentration value is larger than or equal to the third gas concentration threshold value, confirming that gas leakage occurs at the target detection point, and sending early warning information to the user equipment.
For example, the gas concentration of the target detection point is obtained by using the target sensing device, the first gas concentration value is 20, and it is confirmed that the gas device is in the closed state, the third gas concentration threshold is set to 10, when the first gas concentration value is greater than the third gas concentration threshold, it is confirmed that the gas leakage occurs at the target detection point, the user a installing the target sensing device in the target area is obtained, early warning information is sent to the user a, the user a is prompted that the gas leakage occurs at the current target detection point, and a maintainer needs to be contacted in time to repair the target detection point.
When the gas equipment is in an on state, the gas leakage of the detection point is determined, the intelligent gas system can automatically cut off gas supply to prevent greater harm caused by continuous gas leakage, and related departments are automatically notified according to the condition of gas leakage, and comprise gas companies or fire departments so that the related departments can take corresponding measures according to the condition of gas leakage.
S104: if the target detection data is greater than or equal to the preset detection threshold, confirming that the gas leakage occurs at the target detection point, and sending early warning information to the user equipment so that a user corresponding to the user equipment can process the target detection point according to the early warning information.
In S104, when the target detection data is greater than or equal to the preset detection threshold, different preset detection thresholds are set according to the usage state of the gas device in the target area, so as to determine that the gas leakage occurs at the target detection point. And sending the early warning information to user equipment, wherein a user can know the position of the gas, and can process the gas aiming at the target detection point, so that the efficiency of checking the gas leakage reason is improved.
Since the different detection points correspond to different positions, the position refers to a gas pipeline or a gas device, and in order to accurately judge whether the position of the target detection point is the gas pipeline or the gas device, the position can be determined by the following method: the method comprises the steps of acquiring a position corresponding to a target detection point, namely the target position, facilitating accurate positioning of a gas leakage problem, judging whether the target position meets a preset first condition, wherein the preset first condition is that the detection point is located in a gas pipeline corresponding condition at the moment, if the target position meets the preset first condition, determining that the position corresponding to the target detection point is a gas pipeline, namely the target detection point corresponds to a pipeline fault, determining that the gas leakage occurs at the target detection point, and the target detection point corresponds to the gas pipeline fault, sending first early warning information to maintenance personnel, so that the maintenance personnel can conveniently conduct investigation on the gas pipeline of the target detection point according to the first early warning information, omitting the step of sequentially conducting investigation on all the gas pipelines and gas equipment in a target area, and improving the investigation efficiency of the gas leakage reason.
After determining that the target detection point has a pipeline fault, the pipeline fault comprises loosening of the pipeline, loosening of the pipeline connection part and ageing of the pipeline, when gas leakage is caused by the gas pipeline fault, the solution can be displayed to user equipment, the gas pipeline is damaged, the damage possibly occurs due to long-term contact with corrosive substances or the fact that the pipeline anti-corrosion paint falls off and is not timely brushed to cause long-term contact between metal and air, the damaged pipeline is replaced timely, protection of the pipeline is enhanced, the pipeline is checked regularly, and connection between the pipeline connection parts is maintained.
Further, when the target position does not meet the preset first condition, judging whether the target position meets the preset second condition, wherein the preset second condition is that the position corresponding to the detection point is the gas equipment, if the target position meets the preset second condition, confirming that the target detection point corresponds to the gas equipment fault, after confirming that the gas leakage occurs at a certain detection point and the target detection point corresponds to the gas equipment fault, generating second early warning information for maintenance personnel, so that the maintenance personnel can conveniently check the gas equipment of the target detection point according to the second early warning information, and applying for the step of checking all areas in sequence, thereby improving the checking efficiency of the gas leakage reason.
After determining that the gas equipment at the target detection point is out of order, the gas equipment is damaged, wherein the gas equipment is damaged, and the gas leakage can be caused by the fact that the gas meter is used for a long time or the gas equipment is used for a long time.
At this time, when the target position does not meet the preset second condition, the position of the target detection point needs to be acquired again, and the position acquired at this time is judged again, so that the specific fault corresponding to the target detection point is determined, and the efficiency of the maintenance personnel in checking the gas leakage is improved.
Still further, when the target detection data is smaller than the preset detection threshold value, it is confirmed that the gas leakage does not occur at the target detection point, detection data of other detection points can be judged, the situation that the gas leakage cannot be found in time due to the fact that the detection data of other detection points are not judged is avoided, and therefore the gas use safety of a user cannot be guaranteed.
The embodiment of the application further provides a gas leakage early warning device based on intelligent gas, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the gas leakage early warning device based on intelligent gas, and referring to fig. 2, the device includes an obtaining unit 201, a processing unit 202 and a confirmation unit 203.
An acquisition unit 201 for acquiring a house structure and a pipeline structure in a target area, determining a plurality of detection points according to the house structure and the pipeline structure, respectively setting corresponding sensing devices on the detection points, setting one sensing device on one detection point, and setting the target area as an area corresponding to the same building; acquiring target detection data, wherein the target detection data is data of gas detection of target detection points by target sensing equipment, the target sensing equipment is any one of a plurality of sensing equipment, and the target detection points are any one of a plurality of detection points.
The processing unit 202 determines whether the target detection data is greater than or equal to a preset detection threshold.
And the confirmation unit 203 is configured to confirm that the gas leakage occurs at the target detection point if the target detection data is greater than or equal to the preset detection threshold, and send early warning information to the user equipment, so that the user corresponding to the user equipment processes the target detection point according to the early warning information.
In one possible embodiment, the obtaining unit 201 is configured to obtain a usage state of the gas device in the target area, where the usage state includes an on state or an off state; the processing unit 202 is configured to obtain a preset first detection threshold if the gas equipment in the target area is in an on state; calculating a difference value between target detection data and a preset first detection threshold value to obtain a first detection difference value; judging whether the first detection difference value is larger than or equal to a preset detection first difference value or not; the confirmation unit 203 is configured to preliminarily confirm that the gas leakage occurs at the target detection point if the first detection difference is greater than or equal to the preset detection first difference.
In a possible implementation manner, the obtaining unit 201 is configured to obtain the preset second detection threshold value if the gas device in the target area is in a closed state; the processing unit 202 is configured to calculate a difference between the target detection data and a preset second detection threshold, so as to obtain a second detection difference; judging whether the second detection difference value is larger than or equal to a preset detection second difference value or not; the confirmation unit 203 is configured to preliminarily confirm that the gas leakage occurs at the target detection point if the second detection difference is greater than or equal to the preset detection second difference.
In a possible implementation manner, the obtaining unit 201 is configured to obtain a first gas concentration value, where the first gas concentration value is a gas concentration value detected by the target sensing device at the target detection point; the processing unit 202 is configured to determine whether the first gas concentration value is greater than or equal to a second gas concentration threshold; the confirmation unit 203 is configured to confirm that the gas leakage occurs at the target detection point when the first gas concentration value is greater than or equal to the second gas concentration threshold value.
In a possible implementation manner, the obtaining unit 201 is configured to obtain a target position, where the target position is a position corresponding to the target detection point; the processing unit 202 is configured to determine whether the target position meets a preset first condition, where the preset first condition is that a position corresponding to the detection point is a gas pipeline; the confirmation unit 203 is configured to confirm that the target detection point corresponds to the pipeline fault if the target position meets the preset first condition, so as to facilitate the investigation of the gas pipeline at the target detection point according to the pipeline fault.
In a possible implementation manner, the processing unit 202 is configured to determine whether the target position meets a preset second condition, where the preset second condition is that the position corresponding to the detection point is the gas device; the confirmation unit 203 is configured to confirm that the target detection point corresponds to the gas equipment fault if the target position meets the preset second condition, so as to facilitate the investigation of the gas equipment at the target detection point according to the gas equipment fault.
In a possible implementation manner, the obtaining unit 201 is configured to obtain a corresponding pipe connection position in the pipe structure, so as to obtain a first target position of the pipe connection position in the building structure; the acquiring unit 201 is configured to acquire a second target position of the gas equipment installation location in the building structure, where the gas equipment installation location is located; the processing unit 202 is configured to aggregate the first target position and the second target position to obtain a plurality of detection points.
It should be noted that: in the device provided in the above embodiment, when implementing the functions thereof, only the division of the above functional modules is used as an example, in practical application, the above functional allocation may be implemented by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules, so as to implement all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the embodiments of the apparatus and the method provided in the foregoing embodiments belong to the same concept, and specific implementation processes of the embodiments of the method are detailed in the method embodiments, which are not repeated herein.
The application also discloses electronic equipment. Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application. The electronic device 300 may include: at least one processor 301, at least one network interface 304, a user interface 303, a memory 305, at least one communication bus 302.
Wherein the communication bus 302 is used to enable connected communication between these components.
The user interface 303 may include a Display screen (Display), a Camera (Camera), and the optional user interface 303 may further include a standard wired interface, and a wireless interface.
The network interface 304 may optionally include a standard wired interface, a wireless interface (e.g., WI-FI interface), among others.
Wherein the processor 301 may include one or more processing cores. The processor 301 utilizes various interfaces and lines to connect various portions of the overall server, perform various functions of the server and process data by executing or executing instructions, programs, code sets, or instruction sets stored in the memory 305, and invoking data stored in the memory 305. Alternatively, the processor 301 may be implemented in hardware in at least one of digital signal processing (Digital Signal Processing, DSP), field programmable gate array (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA), programmable logic array (Programmable Logic Array, PLA). The processor 301 may integrate one or a combination of several of a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), an image processor (Graphics Processing Unit, GPU), and a modem etc. The CPU mainly processes an operating system, a user interface, an application request and the like; the GPU is used for rendering and drawing the content required to be displayed by the display screen; the modem is used to handle wireless communications. It will be appreciated that the modem may not be integrated into the processor 301 and may be implemented by a single chip.
The Memory 305 may include a random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) or a Read-Only Memory (Read-Only Memory). Optionally, the memory 305 includes a non-transitory computer readable medium (non-transitory computer-readable storage medium). Memory 305 may be used to store instructions, programs, code, sets of codes, or sets of instructions. Memory 305 may include a program area and a data area, where the program area is stored. Instructions for implementing an operating system, instructions for at least one function (such as a touch function, a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.), instructions for implementing the above-described respective method embodiments, etc. may be stored; the storage data area may store data or the like involved in the above respective method embodiments. Memory 305 may also optionally be at least one storage device located remotely from the aforementioned processor 301.
As shown in fig. 3, an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface module, and an application program for intelligent gas-based gas leakage warning may be included in the memory 305 as a computer storage medium.
In the electronic device 300 shown in fig. 3, the user interface 303 is mainly used for providing an input interface for a user, and acquiring data input by the user; and processor 301 may be configured to invoke an application in memory 305 that stores intelligent gas-based gas leak warning, which when executed by one or more processors, causes the electronic device to perform the method as described in one or more of the embodiments above.
It should be noted that, for simplicity of description, the foregoing method embodiments are all expressed as a series of action combinations, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited by the order of actions described, as some steps may be performed in other order or simultaneously in accordance with the present application. Further, those skilled in the art will also appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and that the acts and modules referred to are not necessarily required in the present application.
In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the embodiments are emphasized, and for parts of one embodiment that are not described in detail, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
In the several embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus may be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, such as the division of the units, merely a logical function division, and there may be additional manners of dividing the actual implementation, such as multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be through some service interface, device or unit indirect coupling or communication connection, electrical or otherwise.
The units described as separate units may or may not be physically separate, and units shown as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit. The integrated units may be implemented in hardware or in software functional units.
The integrated units, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as stand-alone products, may be stored in a computer readable memory. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be embodied in essence or a part contributing to the prior art or all or part of the technical solution in the form of a software product stored in a memory, including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned memory includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a magnetic disk or an optical disk.
The foregoing is merely exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. That is, equivalent changes and modifications are contemplated by the teachings of this disclosure, which fall within the scope of the present disclosure. Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure. This application is intended to cover any adaptations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains.
Claims (5)
1. The gas leakage early warning method based on intelligent gas is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
acquiring a house structure and a pipeline structure in a target area, determining a plurality of detection points according to the house structure and the pipeline structure, respectively setting corresponding sensing equipment on the detection points, and setting one sensing equipment on one detection point, wherein the target area is an area corresponding to the same building; the method for acquiring the house structure and the pipeline structure in the target area comprises the steps of determining a plurality of detection points according to the house structure and the pipeline structure, and specifically comprises the following steps: acquiring a corresponding pipeline connection position in the pipeline structure, and obtaining a first target position of the pipeline connection position in the house structure; acquiring a corresponding gas equipment installation position of the pipeline structure, and obtaining a second target position of the gas equipment installation position in the house structure; summarizing the first target position and the second target position to obtain a plurality of detection points;
Acquiring target detection data, wherein the target detection data is data of gas detection of target detection points by target sensing equipment, the target sensing equipment is any one of a plurality of sensing equipment, and the target detection points are any one of a plurality of detection points;
judging whether the target detection data is larger than or equal to a preset detection threshold value;
acquiring the use state of the gas equipment in the target area, wherein the use state comprises an opening state or a closing state; if the gas equipment in the target area is in the starting state, acquiring a preset first detection threshold value; calculating a difference value between the target detection data and the preset first detection threshold value to obtain a first detection difference value; judging whether the first detection difference value is larger than or equal to a preset detection first difference value or not; if the first detection difference value is larger than or equal to the preset detection first difference value, preliminarily confirming that the gas leakage occurs at the target detection point;
if the gas equipment in the target area is in the closed state, acquiring a preset second detection threshold value; calculating a difference value between the target detection data and the preset second detection threshold value to obtain a second detection difference value; judging whether the second detection difference value is larger than or equal to a preset detection second difference value or not; if the second detection difference value is larger than or equal to the preset detection second difference value, preliminarily confirming that the gas leakage occurs at the target detection point;
If the target detection data is larger than or equal to the preset detection threshold, confirming that the gas leakage occurs at the target detection point, and sending early warning information to user equipment so that a user corresponding to the user equipment can process the target detection point according to the early warning information;
acquiring a target position, wherein the target position is a position corresponding to the target detection point; judging whether the target position meets a preset first condition or not, wherein the preset first condition is that the position corresponding to the detection point is a gas pipeline; if the target position meets the preset first condition, confirming that the target detection point corresponds to the pipeline fault, so that the gas pipeline of the target detection point is conveniently inspected according to the pipeline fault;
judging whether the target position meets a preset second condition, wherein the preset second condition is that the position corresponding to the detection point is gas equipment; and if the target position meets the preset second condition, confirming that the target detection point corresponds to the gas equipment fault, so that the gas equipment at the target detection point can be conveniently checked according to the gas equipment fault.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein after preliminarily confirming that the gas leakage occurs at the target detection point if the first detection difference is greater than or equal to the preset detection first difference, the method further comprises:
Acquiring a first gas concentration value, wherein the first gas concentration value is a gas concentration value detected by the target sensing equipment to the target detection point;
judging whether the first fuel gas concentration value is larger than or equal to a second fuel gas concentration threshold value;
and when the first gas concentration value is greater than or equal to the second gas concentration threshold value, confirming that gas leakage occurs at the target detection point.
3. The intelligent gas-based gas leakage early warning device is characterized by comprising an acquisition unit, a processing unit and a confirmation unit;
the acquisition unit acquires a house structure and a pipeline structure in a target area, a plurality of detection points are determined according to the house structure and the pipeline structure, corresponding sensing devices are respectively arranged on the detection points, one sensing device is arranged on one detection point, and the target area is an area corresponding to the same building; the method for acquiring the house structure and the pipeline structure in the target area comprises the steps of determining a plurality of detection points according to the house structure and the pipeline structure, and specifically comprises the following steps: acquiring a corresponding pipeline connection position in the pipeline structure, and obtaining a first target position of the pipeline connection position in the house structure; acquiring a corresponding gas equipment installation position of the pipeline structure, and obtaining a second target position of the gas equipment installation position in the house structure; summarizing the first target position and the second target position to obtain a plurality of detection points; acquiring target detection data, wherein the target detection data is any one detection data of a plurality of detection data, the target detection data is the data of gas detection of target detection points by target sensing equipment, the target sensing equipment is any one sensing equipment of a plurality of sensing equipment, and the target detection points are any one detection point of a plurality of detection points;
The processing unit is used for judging whether the target detection data is larger than or equal to a preset detection threshold value; acquiring the use state of the gas equipment in the target area, wherein the use state comprises an opening state or a closing state; if the gas equipment in the target area is in the starting state, acquiring a preset first detection threshold value; calculating a difference value between the target detection data and the preset first detection threshold value to obtain a first detection difference value; judging whether the first detection difference value is larger than or equal to a preset detection first difference value or not; if the first detection difference value is larger than or equal to the preset detection first difference value, preliminarily confirming that the gas leakage occurs at the target detection point; if the gas equipment in the target area is in the closed state, acquiring a preset second detection threshold value; calculating a difference value between the target detection data and the preset second detection threshold value to obtain a second detection difference value; judging whether the second detection difference value is larger than or equal to a preset detection second difference value or not; if the second detection difference value is larger than or equal to the preset detection second difference value, preliminarily confirming that the gas leakage occurs at the target detection point;
the confirmation unit confirms that the gas leakage occurs at the target detection point if the target detection data is greater than or equal to the preset detection threshold value, and sends early warning information to user equipment so that a user corresponding to the user equipment can process the target detection point according to the early warning information; acquiring a target position, wherein the target position is a position corresponding to the target detection point; judging whether the target position meets a preset first condition or not, wherein the preset first condition is that the position corresponding to the detection point is a gas pipeline; if the target position meets the preset first condition, confirming that the target detection point corresponds to the pipeline fault, so that the gas pipeline of the target detection point is conveniently inspected according to the pipeline fault; judging whether the target position meets a preset second condition, wherein the preset second condition is that the position corresponding to the detection point is gas equipment; and if the target position meets the preset second condition, confirming that the target detection point corresponds to the gas equipment fault, so that the gas equipment at the target detection point can be conveniently checked according to the gas equipment fault.
4. An electronic device comprising a processor (301), a memory (305), a user interface (303) and a network interface (304), the memory (305) being for storing instructions, the user interface (303) and the network interface (304) being for communicating with other devices, the processor (301) being for executing the instructions stored in the memory (305) for causing the electronic device (300) to perform the method according to any of claims 1-2.
5. A computer readable storage medium storing instructions which, when executed, perform the method of any one of claims 1-2.
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| CN112071029A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2020-12-11 | 东本电气科技(苏州)有限公司 | Gas leakage alarm system and method |
| CN112233370A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-15 | 广州广燃设计有限公司 | Gas leakage alarm method, device and equipment |
| CN113534705A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-10-22 | 西安九德创一科技有限公司 | Gas control method, system, equipment and storage medium thereof |
| CN113703381A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2021-11-26 | 四川高诚物联网科技有限公司 | Gas alarm safety data acquisition method and terminal based on Internet of things |
| CN115620490A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2023-01-17 | 鸿蒙安全技术(杭州)有限公司 | Gas safety supervisory systems based on internet of things |
| CN115985056A (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2023-04-18 | 上海源安安全科技有限公司 | Combustible gas real-time monitoring and early warning method and system, storage medium and electronic equipment |
| CN116146910A (en) * | 2023-03-06 | 2023-05-23 | 重庆云内核智能科技有限公司 | Gas leakage detection method based on infrared temperature-sensing camera |
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