CN117266922A - Postmining filling water-reducing process and postmining filling water-reducing equipment for goaf of shallow-buried thin coal seam coal mine - Google Patents
Postmining filling water-reducing process and postmining filling water-reducing equipment for goaf of shallow-buried thin coal seam coal mine Download PDFInfo
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- CN117266922A CN117266922A CN202311342591.6A CN202311342591A CN117266922A CN 117266922 A CN117266922 A CN 117266922A CN 202311342591 A CN202311342591 A CN 202311342591A CN 117266922 A CN117266922 A CN 117266922A
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- gangue
- water
- fixedly connected
- goaf
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 241000251131 Sphyrna Species 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003169 placental effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/08—Filling-up hydraulically or pneumatically
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/02—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft
- B02C13/06—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/02—Supporting means, e.g. shuttering, for filling-up materials
- E21F15/04—Stowing mats; Goaf wire netting; Partition walls
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a postmining filling water-reducing process and equipment for a goaf of a shallow-buried thin coal layer coal mine, belonging to the technical field of coal mining, wherein the postmining filling water-reducing process for the goaf of the shallow-buried thin coal layer coal mine comprises the following steps: step one: isolating the working face by using coal pillars, sealing walls and the like around the working face after the working face is emptied, and reserving water return holes on the sealing walls; step two: the gangue crushing equipment crushes the lifted gangue into powder so that the gangue can be smoothly injected into the goaf after water is added, the gangue and water can be reduced, the gangue can be moved from place to place, and environmental pollution caused by the discharge of the gangue is avoided; meanwhile, the mine roof water can be greatly reduced, the drainage cost and the mine water treatment cost are reduced, and the aim of green exploitation is finally realized through gangue reduction and water reduction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a postmining filling water-reducing process and equipment for a goaf of a shallow-buried thin coal layer coal mine.
Background
Most coal mining in the northern Shaanxi region has a coal seam burial depth of 50-200m, the ground surface is sunk after the coal seam is mined, and the goaf is not filled in due to the higher development of a water guide fracture zone, so that the roof is infiltrated into the goaf under water to form dynamic long-term supply of empty water; the gangue lifting amount is large in the mine exploitation process of partially exploiting a thin coal seam (the coal thickness is 1.3-2 m), the treatment difficulty after the gangue lifting is large, and environmental protection pressure burst is caused;
the traditional filling mining belongs to pre-mining filling, and although the development height of a water guide fracture zone can be controlled, the mining process is complicated along with the filling, the production efficiency is greatly reduced, the influence on the yield is extremely high, and the filling cost is high, so that most coal mine enterprises cannot adopt the filling mining process;
in addition, when filling, coal gangue is required to be crushed by a crusher, the existing crusher is provided with a hammer head on a main shaft, the coal gangue is crushed by the hammer head when the main shaft rotates, the hammer head of the crusher firstly places a positioning hole at the bottom end of the hammer head at a position overlapped with a connecting hole between two partition plates of the main shaft when being installed, then another person passes an inserting rod from one side of the connecting hole through the connecting hole and the positioning hole, then pushes the inserting rod to the other side of the connecting hole, and the other hammer heads are sequentially fixed along with the fixation of one hammer head;
the hammerhead is heavy, one person is required to hold the hammerhead in the mounting process of the hammerhead, the other person is required to operate the inserted link to pass through the connecting hole and the positioning hole, the person holding the inserted link is required to always align the connecting hole, the inserted link and the positioning hole and push the inserted link to insert, and the person holding the hammerhead is required to always bear the gravity of the hammerhead in the process of circulating and reciprocating until all the hammerheads are completely mounted, and the whole process requires a long time and energy until the hammerhead is mounted, and then the main shaft is mounted on the crusher;
the main shaft is required to be disassembled from the crusher shell to be checked after the crusher is used for a period of time, the crushing effect is prevented from being influenced after the wear degree of the hammer is large, the front edge of the hammer is required to be replaced, the hammer is required to be replaced in time when the wear of the edge of the front part of the hammer does not reach the center line of the bottom of the hammer, the hammer is generally in a quadrangle with four edges, so that the main shaft and the shell are required to be disassembled for normal maintenance work of the hammer, the main shaft and the shell are required to be directly installed for work without problems, the main shaft and the hammer are required to be replaced when the problems exist, the hammer is required to be replaced for three times, the main shaft and the hammer are required to be replaced for a plurality of times when the service life of the hammer does not reach the limit, the hammer is required to be disassembled for a plurality of times, the inserted link is required to be disassembled for the replacement of the hammer above each inserted link, and all the hammers above the inserted link are required to be disassembled, so that the work is complex and the efficiency is low.
Based on the above, the invention designs a post-mining filling water-reducing process and equipment for a goaf of a shallow-buried thin coal layer coal mine so as to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a postmining filling water-reducing process and equipment for a goaf of a shallow-buried thin coal seam coal mine, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the postmining filling water-reducing process of the goaf of the shallow-buried thin coal layer coal mine comprises the following steps of:
step one: isolating the working face by using coal pillars, sealing walls and the like around the working face after the working face is emptied, and reserving water return holes on the sealing walls;
step two: the gangue crushing equipment crushes the lifted gangue into powder so as to be smoothly injected into the goaf after water is added;
step three: constructing a filling station near the ground corresponding to the working face goaf, designing ground drilling holes to directly drill into the goaf, injecting crushed gangue powder into the goaf through the drilling holes after water is mixed by using a grouting pump, reasonably designing the drilling hole spacing according to the injection condition, and doping a proper amount of fly ash to reduce the holes of the goaf after injection;
step four: when the gangue and the fly ash cannot be injected, fine particle cementing materials such as cement and the like can be injected again, and the steps are repeated until the pores and the cracks of the goaf are fully filled;
step five: and in the implementation of the third and fourth steps, the water yield of the water return hole of the underground sealing wall and the conditions of the sealing wall are enhanced and observed, the sealing safety is ensured, and the water inflow change condition is recorded at the same time, so that the related data of water reduction of the roof water can be accurately obtained.
The gangue crushing equipment comprises a base, wherein a main shaft is rotationally connected inside the base, motors are fixedly connected to two end parts of the main shaft, the motors are fixedly connected with the base, a shell is connected to the base through bolts, a feed inlet is formed in the shell, a plurality of supporting rods are connected to the main shaft through bolts, a plurality of mounting groups are arranged above the supporting rods, and the mounting groups are used for mounting hammerheads on the supporting rods;
the mounting group comprises a damping rotating shaft, two mounting rods and four limiting holes, wherein the two mounting rods are fixedly connected to the hammer head, the damping rotating shaft is rotationally connected to the supporting rod, the top end of the damping rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a supporting disc, and the top end of the supporting disc is slidably connected with two mounting blocks; the two mounting blocks are fixedly connected with first springs for resetting the mounting blocks, the mounting blocks are provided with mounting holes, the mounting rods are matched with the mounting holes, the two mounting blocks are respectively and slidably connected with limiting rods in the vertical direction, the two limiting rods are positioned in the two limiting holes, the two limiting rods are respectively provided with a through groove, the two through grooves are respectively internally provided with an inserting rod, and the two inserting rods are respectively and slidably connected with the two mounting blocks in the vertical direction; the two inserted bars are fixedly connected with second springs for resetting the inserted bars, and positioning holes are formed below the two inserted bars;
a supporting group is arranged between the two mounting blocks, the supporting group is used for keeping the two mounting blocks in a state of being spaced before the hammer head is not placed, an opening and closing group is arranged on the supporting plate and used for controlling the lifting of the limiting rod and the inserting rod
As a further scheme of the invention, the opening and closing group comprises a lantern ring and two gears, the lantern ring is rotationally connected to the supporting disc, the top end of the lantern ring is fixedly connected with a swivel, two lifting parts are fixedly connected to the swivel, inclined planes are formed at the end parts of the two lifting parts, stand columns are fixedly connected to the tail ends of the two lifting parts, the lifting parts are used for jacking up the limiting rod, the stand columns are used for pushing the limiting rod to rotate, the two gears are rotationally connected to the top end of the supporting disc, rack bars are meshed with one side of the gears, which is close to the inner ring of the supporting disc, of the two gears, the two rack bars are respectively fixedly connected with the two mounting blocks, arc-shaped gear rings are meshed with the outer sides of the two gears, and the two arc-shaped gear rings are fixedly connected to the swivel.
As a further proposal of the invention, the swivel is provided with an extension edge which is embedded in the support disc.
As a further scheme of the invention, a plurality of protruding blocks are integrally formed on the swivel.
As a further scheme of the invention, the supporting group comprises a fixed rod and two abdication grooves, wherein the fixed rod is fixedly connected to the top end of the supporting disc, and the fixed rod is connected with a lower pressing block in a sliding manner; the utility model discloses a lower briquetting, including installation piece lateral wall, lower briquetting, fixed lever, lower briquetting, fixedly connected with third spring between, rotate on the lower briquetting and be connected with two branches, two the axis of rotation of branch is all embedded in the briquetting is inside down and two in the axis of rotation of branch has all cup jointed the torsional spring, two the tip of branch all with two installation piece lateral wall laminating, two the groove of stepping down is seted up two respectively on the installation piece.
As a further scheme of the invention, the top end of the lower pressing block is fixedly connected with a guide part, a groove is opened and closed in the guide part, and arc-shaped parts are arranged on two sides of the guide part.
As a further scheme of the invention, the mounting blocks are U-shaped.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the implementation of the steps can realize gangue reduction and water reduction, realize where the gangue comes from and goes to, and prevent environmental pollution caused by gangue discharge; meanwhile, the mine roof water can be greatly reduced, the drainage cost and the mine water treatment cost are reduced, and the aim of green exploitation is finally realized through gangue reduction and water reduction.
2. When the hammer head is installed, the hammer head is replaced, and the direction of the hammer head is severely replaced through unidirectional wear of the hammer head, the work of the installation, the disassembly and the replacement direction of the hammer head can be realized through the installation group, the operation of a single hammer head can be realized without disassembling a main shaft, the mode that the single hammer head also needs to disassemble the main shaft and then disassemble the hammer head in groups in the traditional mode is avoided, the operation is simple, and the work can be completed more quickly especially under the condition that the hammer heads are more or the hammer head is large.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic general structural view of the gangue sheet crushing equipment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the internal structures of the housing and the base of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the support rod and the spindle;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 4 at A;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the spindle and the limiting hole according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the mounting block, the support plate and the opening and closing set of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between a quick-release slot and a rack bar;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the positional relationship between a support set and a support plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the lower pressing block and the fixed rod according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the extension edge and the support plate according to the present invention.
In the drawings, the list of components represented by the various numbers is as follows:
1. a base; 2. a housing; 3. a feed inlet; 4. a main shaft; 5. a support rod; 6. damping the rotating shaft; 7. a support plate; 8. a mounting block; 9. a first spring; 10. a mounting rod; 11. a limit rod; 12. a through groove; 13. a rod; 14. a second spring; 15. positioning holes; 16. a limiting hole; 17. a collar; 18. a swivel; 19. a lifting part; 20. a column; 21. a gear; 22. a rack bar; 23. an arc gear ring; 24. a fixed rod; 25. pressing the block; 26. a third spring; 27. a support rod; 28. a torsion spring; 29. a relief groove; 30. a guide part; 31. an arc-shaped portion; 32. an extension edge; 33. a mounting hole; 34. and a motor.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1-11, the present invention provides a technical solution: the postmining filling water-reducing process of the goaf of the shallow-buried thin coal layer coal mine comprises the following steps of:
step one: isolating the working face by using coal pillars, sealing walls and the like around the working face after the working face is emptied, and reserving water return holes on the sealing walls;
step two: the gangue crushing equipment crushes the lifted gangue into powder so as to be smoothly injected into the goaf after water is added;
step three: constructing a filling station near the ground corresponding to the working face goaf, designing ground drilling holes to directly drill into the goaf, injecting crushed gangue powder into the goaf through the drilling holes after water is mixed by using a grouting pump, reasonably designing the drilling hole spacing according to the injection condition, and doping a proper amount of fly ash to reduce the holes of the goaf after injection;
step four: when the gangue and the fly ash cannot be injected, fine particle cementing materials such as cement and the like can be injected again, and the steps are repeated until the pores and the cracks of the goaf are fully filled;
step five: and in the implementation of the third and fourth steps, the water yield of the water return hole of the underground sealing wall and the conditions of the sealing wall are enhanced and observed, the sealing safety is ensured, and the water inflow change condition is recorded at the same time, so that the related data of water reduction of the roof water can be accurately obtained.
Through the implementation of the steps, gangue and water can be reduced, where the gangue comes from and where the gangue goes, and environmental pollution caused by gangue discharge is avoided; meanwhile, the mine roof water can be greatly reduced, the drainage cost and the mine water treatment cost are reduced, and the aim of green exploitation is finally realized through gangue reduction and water reduction.
The gangue crushing equipment comprises a base 1, wherein a main shaft 4 is rotatably connected inside the base 1, motors 34 are fixedly connected to two ends of the main shaft 4, the motors 34 are fixedly connected with the base 1, a shell 2 is connected to the base 1 through bolts, a feed inlet 3 is formed in the shell 2, a plurality of supporting rods 5 are connected to the main shaft 4 through bolts, a plurality of installation groups are arranged above the supporting rods 5, and the installation groups are used for installing hammerheads on the supporting rods 5;
the mounting group comprises a damping rotating shaft 6, two mounting rods 10 and four limiting holes 16, wherein the two mounting rods 10 are fixedly connected to a hammer head, the damping rotating shaft 6 is rotatably connected to the supporting rod 5, the top end of the damping rotating shaft 6 is fixedly connected with a supporting disc 7, and the top end of the supporting disc 7 is slidably connected with two mounting blocks 8; the two mounting blocks 8 are fixedly connected with first springs 9 for resetting the mounting blocks, mounting holes 33 are formed in the mounting blocks 8, mounting rods 10 are matched with the mounting holes 33, limiting rods 11 are slidably connected onto the two mounting blocks 8 in the vertical direction, the two limiting rods 11 are positioned inside the two limiting holes 16, through grooves 12 are formed in the two limiting rods 11, inserting rods 13 are arranged inside the two through grooves 12, and the two inserting rods 13 are slidably connected with the two mounting blocks 8 in the vertical direction respectively; the two inserted bars 13 are fixedly connected with a second spring 14 for resetting the inserted bars, and positioning holes 15 are formed below the two inserted bars 13;
a supporting group is arranged between the two mounting blocks 8 and used for enabling the two mounting blocks 8 to keep a state of being spaced before the hammer head is not placed, and an opening and closing group is arranged on the supporting disc 7 and used for controlling lifting of the limiting rod 11 and the inserting rod 13.
When the hammer head is put into practical use, when the hammer head is not installed through the installation group, the two installation blocks 8 can be kept in a state of being spaced under the action of the support group, at the moment, the first springs 9 are in a state of being elastically compressed, the limiting rods 11 are positioned in the two limiting holes 16, the bottom ends of the inserting rods 13 are positioned at the top of the support disc 7 at one side of the positioning holes 15, and at the moment, the second springs 14 are also in an elastic compression state;
the installation steps are as follows:
firstly fixing a supporting rod 5 on a main shaft 4 through bolts, then placing a mounting rod 10 at the bottom end of a hammer head on a supporting group from between two mounting blocks 8, when the hammer head is vertically placed above the supporting group, the supporting group can detect the placement of the hammer head, at the moment, the supporting group is driven to descend under the action of the gravity of the hammer head, after the supporting group descends to the bottommost end, the mounting rod 10 descends to a position corresponding to two mounting holes 33, when the supporting group descends to a limit position, the two mounting blocks 8 are not limited, the two mounting blocks 8 are mutually close and clamped under the action of elastic relaxation of a first spring 9, so that the two mounting holes 33 can be positioned outside the mounting rod 10, and when the two mounting blocks 8 are mutually close, the two mounting blocks are driven to slide along a through groove 12 on a limiting rod 11, until the two mounting blocks 13 move to the position right above the limiting hole 15, and then the second spring 14 elastically pushes the mounting blocks 13 to insert into the limiting hole 15, so that the two mounting blocks 8 can be limited by a rod motor 13, and the gangue can conveniently slide along a crushing disc 7 when the main shaft 4 rotates and the supporting disc 7 is driven to rotate;
after all hammers are installed, the shell 2 is fixed on the base 1 through bolts, then the shell 2 is fed through the feed inlet 3, and the gangue can be crushed, the main shaft 4 drives the supporting rod 5 to rotate when rotating, at the moment, the limiting rod 11 is positioned in the limiting hole 16, the supporting plate 7 is limited through the limiting rod 11, the supporting plate 7 is prevented from rotating, the shell 2 and the inner wall of the base 1 are provided with counterattack plates, the counterattack plates are any one of the prior art, and the lower part of the base 1 is provided with integrally formed or detachable grate plates for crushing the crushed gangue;
when the crushing equipment is used for a certain time, the individual hammerheads are required to be overhauled and replaced, and the hammerheads are subjected to reversing, the operation is as follows;
firstly stopping feeding until the shell 2 and the coal gangue in the inner cavity of the base 1 are crushed completely, stopping the motor 34, then unscrewing a bolt to open the shell 2, and enabling a worker to rotate the main shaft 4 to observe the condition of the hammerhead on the supporting rod 5, wherein one hand is used for righting the inclined hammerhead when the hammerhead needs to be disassembled and replaced, the other hand is used for controlling the opening and closing group to enable the limiting rod 11 to slide and ascend along the inside of the limiting hole 16, the limiting rod 11 can slide and ascend along the mounting block 8 and the top end of the limiting rod 11 can jack the inserting rod 13 upwards from the lower part, at the moment, the inserting rod 13 can slide and ascend along the mounting block 8 and compress the second spring 14 until the limiting rod 11 and the limiting hole 16 are separated, and the opening and closing group also controls the two mounting blocks 8 to be separated from each other, so that the mounting hole 33 and the mounting rod 10 are separated, the limiting block 8 is enabled to release the limit of the hammerhead, at the moment, and if the hammerhead needs to be replaced, the new hammerhead can be directly installed according to the mounting step, if the hammerhead needs to be replaced, the hammerhead can be directly rotated, and the supporting disc 7 can be directly rotated while holding the hammerhead, and the supporting disc 11 can be rotated and the rotating freely (the rotating disc 7 can be in a state of which can be freely rotated after the limiting rod 7 is separated from the limiting rod 6 and the limiting hole 6 after being separated from the limiting hole 16);
through this mode, when the installation tup, change the tup and when the direction of the serious change tup of tup unilateral wearing and tearing, the installation through the installation group is dismantled and the work of change direction to the operation that can realize single tup need not dismantle main shaft 4, the mode of single tup also need dismantle main shaft 4 then the tup of group in having avoided traditional mode, and easy operation, especially can accomplish work more fast under the condition that the tup is many or the tup is big, take off the dismantlement of the tup that bracing piece 5 can make things convenient for whole group through the bolt, be convenient for tup and main shaft 4 break away from.
As a further scheme of the invention, the opening and closing set comprises a collar 17 and two gears 21, the collar 17 is rotatably connected to the supporting disc 7, the top end of the collar 17 is fixedly connected with a swivel 18, two lifting parts 19 are fixedly connected to the swivel 18, inclined surfaces are formed at the end parts of the two lifting parts 19, stand columns 20 are fixedly connected to the tail ends of the two lifting parts 19, the lifting parts 19 are used for jacking up the limiting rod 11, the stand columns 20 are used for pushing the limiting rod 11 to rotate, the two gears 21 are rotatably connected to the top end of the supporting disc 7, one sides, close to the inner ring of the supporting disc 7, of the two gears 21 are respectively meshed with a rack bar 22, the two rack bars 22 are respectively fixedly connected with the two mounting blocks 8, arc-shaped gear rings 23 are respectively meshed with the outer sides of the two gears 21, and the two arc-shaped gear rings 23 are respectively fixedly connected to the swivel 18.
When the opening and closing group works, firstly one hand holds the hammer head of the opening and closing group, then the other hand holds the swivel 18 and rotates the swivel 18 (two persons can work cooperatively), when the swivel 18 rotates, the lantern ring 17 is driven to synchronously rotate, when the lantern ring 17 rotates, the arc-shaped gear ring 23 and the lifting part 19 are driven to synchronously rotate, the arc-shaped gear ring 23 has a certain distance from the gear 21, the arc-shaped gear ring 23 can not be meshed with the gear 21 immediately when the rotation just begins, when the lantern ring 17 begins to rotate, the inclined surface at the front end of the lifting part 19 rotates from the lower part of the limiting rod 11 and gradually jacks up the limiting rod 11 through the inclined surface, when the horizontal plane of the lifting part 19 rotates to the bottom of the limiting rod 11, the limiting rod 11 is jacked up to a state separated from the limiting hole 16, at the moment, the inserting rod 13 is jacked up from the inside of the positioning hole 15 by the limiting rod 11, at this time, the supporting plate 7 loses the limit of the limiting rod 11 and is in a freely rotatable state, the lifting part 19 is positioned below the limiting rod 11 after the plunger rod 13 is separated from the positioning hole 15, the lantern ring 17 is continuously rotated at this time, the lifting part 19 and the arc-shaped gear ring 23 are continuously rotated, the arc-shaped gear ring 23 is meshed with the gear 21 and drives the gear 21 to rotate, the gear 21 is meshed with the rack rod 22 and drives the rack rod 22 and the mounting block 8 to move outwards along the supporting plate 7 when rotating, the first spring 9 is gradually compressed, the upright post 20 is contacted with the limiting rod 11 after the arc-shaped gear ring 23 is meshed with the gear 21 to the limit position (the rotating angle of the lantern ring 17 is less than ninety degrees at this time), the two mounting blocks 8 are mutually separated to the limit degree at this time, if the hammer head is replaced, the long-time replacement is directly taken down, if the direction of the hammer head is adjusted, the lantern ring 17 is continuously rotated, the supporting disc 7 can be rotated and the damping rotating shaft 6 can be rotated around the supporting rod 5 by pushing the upright post 20 until the supporting rod 11 rotates to the rear limiting hole 16 and then the lantern ring 17 is not rotated, but the lantern ring 17 is reversely rotated, because the supporting disc 7 is connected with the supporting rod 5 through the damping rotating shaft 6, when the lantern ring 17 reversely rotates, the lantern ring 17, the conversion 18, the lifting part 19 and the arc gear ring 23 can reset to the initial position, friction between the lifting part 19 and the limiting rod 11 can not drive the supporting disc 7 to rotate until the limiting rod 11 falls into the limiting hole 16 under the pushing of the second spring 14 and the plunger rod 13 after the lifting part 19 is separated from the limiting rod 11, so that the supporting disc 7 is limited again, and when the lantern ring 17 reversely rotates, the first spring 9 pushes the mounting blocks 8 to be meshed with the rack bar 22 according to the gear 21, so that the two mounting blocks 8 are reset, and the hammer is clamped again.
As a further development of the invention, the swivel 18 is provided with an extension 32, which extension 32 engages in the interior of the support disk 7.
In operation, the swivel 18 and the collar 17 can be rotated along the support disk 7 by means of the extension 32 provided.
As a further aspect of the present invention, the swivel 18 is integrally formed with a plurality of protruding blocks.
The above-described solution facilitates the rotation of the swivel 18 by means of the protruding blocks during operation.
As a further scheme of the invention, the supporting group comprises a fixed rod 24 and two abdication grooves 29, the fixed rod 24 is fixedly connected with the top end of the supporting disk 7, and the fixed rod 24 is connected with a lower pressing block 25 in a sliding way; the third spring 26 is fixedly connected between the lower pressing block 25 and the fixing rod 24, two supporting rods 27 are rotatably connected to the lower pressing block 25, the rotating shafts of the supporting rods 27 are embedded into the lower pressing block 25, torsion springs 28 are sleeved on the rotating shafts of the supporting rods 27, the end portions of the supporting rods 27 are attached to the side walls of the mounting blocks 8, and the abdicating grooves 29 are formed in the mounting blocks 8.
As a further scheme of the present invention, the top end of the lower pressing block 25 is fixedly connected with a guiding portion 30, a groove is opened and closed in the guiding portion 30, and two sides of the guiding portion 30 are provided with arc-shaped portions 31.
When the hammer is not mounted, the two support rods 27 are in a horizontal state under the action of the torsion springs 28 and block the two mounting blocks 8, so that the two mounting blocks 8 cannot approach each other under the elastic action of the first springs 9, the bottom ends of the hammer are placed in the grooves in the guide parts 30 until the hammer is placed, the mounting rods 10 can be limited through the arc parts 31, the hammer placement position can be in a standard state, then the weight of the hammer can drive the lower pressing blocks 25 to slide down along the fixed rods 24 and press down the third springs 26, at the moment, the support rods 27 can slide down along the side walls of the two mounting blocks 8, the mounting rods 10 at the bottom of the hammer are lowered to a position coincident with the mounting holes 33 after the lower pressing blocks 25 are lowered to a limit position, at the moment, the support rods 27 can enter the position yielding grooves 29, then the inserting rods 13 are inserted into the positioning holes 15, and the mounting blocks 8 are attached to the mounting rods 10, so that the hammer is mounted;
the hammer head is only required to be held to rotate when the direction of the hammer head is changed, the two mounting blocks 8 are separated through the opening and closing group only when the new hammer head is changed, then the hammer head is taken down, the third spring 26 jacks up the lower pressing block 25 after the hammer head is taken down, the supporting rod 27 moves upwards along the yielding groove 29 at the moment, and the supporting rod 27 is in an inclined state at the moment and rises until the two mounting blocks 8 are far away from the limit position, and the two supporting rods 27 are horizontal under the action of the torsion spring 28.
As a further scheme of the invention, the mounting blocks 8 are all U-shaped.
The above-mentioned scheme is at the during operation, and two installation pieces 8 that are the U type are more stable to the centre gripping of installation pole 10.
Claims (8)
1. The postmining filling water-reducing process for the goaf of the shallow-buried thin coal layer coal mine is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one: isolating the working face by using coal pillars, sealing walls and the like around the working face after the working face is emptied, and reserving water return holes on the sealing walls;
step two: the gangue crushing equipment crushes the lifted gangue into powder so as to be smoothly injected into the goaf after water is added;
step three: constructing a filling station near the ground corresponding to the working face goaf, designing ground drilling holes to directly drill into the goaf, injecting crushed gangue powder into the goaf through the drilling holes after water is mixed by using a grouting pump, reasonably designing the drilling hole spacing according to the injection condition, and doping a proper amount of fly ash to reduce the holes of the goaf after injection;
step four: when the gangue and the fly ash cannot be injected, fine particle cementing materials such as cement and the like can be injected again, and the steps are repeated until the pores and the cracks of the goaf are fully filled;
step five: and in the implementation of the third and fourth steps, the water yield of the water return hole of the underground sealing wall and the conditions of the sealing wall are enhanced and observed, the sealing safety is ensured, and the water inflow change condition is recorded at the same time, so that the related data of water reduction of the roof water can be accurately obtained.
2. The gangue crushing equipment is suitable for the second step of the filling and water reducing process after the goaf of the shallow-buried thin coal seam coal mine, and is used for crushing the lifted gangue into powder, and is characterized in that: the novel hammer comprises a base (1), wherein a main shaft (4) is rotationally connected inside the base (1), motors (34) are fixedly connected to two ends of the main shaft (4), the motors (34) are fixedly connected with the base (1), a shell (2) is connected to the base (1) through bolts, a feed inlet (3) is formed in the shell (2), a plurality of supporting rods (5) are connected to the main shaft (4) through bolts, a plurality of mounting groups are arranged above the supporting rods (5), and the mounting groups are used for mounting hammerheads on the supporting rods (5);
the mounting group comprises a damping rotating shaft (6), two mounting rods (10) and four limiting holes (16), wherein the two mounting rods (10) are fixedly connected to the hammer head, the damping rotating shaft (6) is rotatably connected to the supporting rod (5), the top end of the damping rotating shaft (6) is fixedly connected with a supporting disc (7), and the top end of the supporting disc (7) is slidably connected with two mounting blocks (8); the two mounting blocks (8) are fixedly connected with first springs (9) for resetting the mounting blocks, mounting holes (33) are formed in the mounting blocks (8), mounting rods (10) are matched with the mounting holes (33), limiting rods (11) are slidably connected to the two mounting blocks (8) in the vertical direction, the two limiting rods (11) are located inside the two limiting holes (16), through grooves (12) are formed in the two limiting rods (11), inserting rods (13) are arranged inside the two through grooves (12), and the two inserting rods (13) are slidably connected with the two mounting blocks (8) in the vertical direction respectively; the two inserting rods (13) are fixedly connected with second springs (14) for resetting the inserting rods, and positioning holes (15) are formed below the two inserting rods (13);
a supporting group is arranged between the two mounting blocks (8), the supporting group is used for enabling the two mounting blocks (8) to keep in a spaced state before the hammer head is not placed, an opening and closing group is arranged on the supporting disc (7) and used for controlling lifting of the limiting rod (11) and the inserting rod (13).
3. A gangue breaking apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the opening and closing set comprises a lantern ring (17) and two gears (21), the lantern ring (17) is rotationally connected to a supporting disc (7), a swivel (18) is fixedly connected to the top end of the lantern ring (17), two lifting portions (19) are fixedly connected to the swivel (18), inclined surfaces are formed in the ends of the lifting portions (19), two upright posts (20) are fixedly connected to the tail ends of the lifting portions (19), the lifting portions (19) are used for jacking a limiting rod (11), the upright posts (20) are used for pushing the limiting rod (11) to rotate, the two gears (21) are rotationally connected to the top end of the supporting disc (7), rack bars (22) are meshed to one side, close to the inner ring of the supporting disc (7), of the two gears (21) respectively, two installation blocks (8) are fixedly connected, arc-shaped gear rings (23) are meshed to the outer sides of the two gear rings (21), and the arc-shaped gear rings (23) are fixedly connected to the swivel (18).
4. A gangue breaking apparatus as claimed in claim 3 wherein: an extension edge (32) is arranged on the swivel (18), and the extension edge (32) is embedded in the support disc (7).
5. A gangue breaking apparatus as claimed in claim 3 wherein: a plurality of protruding blocks are integrally formed on the swivel (18).
6. A gangue breaking apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the support group comprises a fixed rod (24) and two abdication grooves (29), the fixed rod (24) is fixedly connected to the top end of the support disc (7), and the fixed rod (24) is connected with a lower pressing block (25) in a sliding manner; fixedly connected with third spring (26) between briquetting down (25) and dead lever (24), rotate on briquetting down (25) and be connected with two branches (27), two the axis of rotation of branch (27) is all embedded in briquetting down (25) inside and two in the axis of rotation of branch (27) has all cup jointed torsional spring (28), two the tip of branch (27) all with two installation piece (8) lateral wall laminating, two give way groove (29) are seted up two respectively on installation piece (8).
7. The gangue breaking apparatus as claimed in claim 5 wherein: the upper end of the lower pressing block (25) is fixedly connected with a guide part (30), a groove is formed in the guide part (30), and arc-shaped parts (31) are formed in two sides of the guide part (30).
8. The gangue breaking apparatus as claimed in claim 5 wherein: the installation blocks (8) are all U-shaped.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311342591.6A CN117266922B (en) | 2023-10-17 | 2023-10-17 | Postmining filling water-reducing process and postmining filling water-reducing equipment for goaf of shallow-buried thin coal seam coal mine |
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| CN202311342591.6A CN117266922B (en) | 2023-10-17 | 2023-10-17 | Postmining filling water-reducing process and postmining filling water-reducing equipment for goaf of shallow-buried thin coal seam coal mine |
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| CN117266922B CN117266922B (en) | 2024-03-19 |
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| CN117266922B (en) | 2024-03-19 |
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