CN117250617B - Satellite-borne phased array antenna-based full-polarization SAR system radio frequency network - Google Patents
Satellite-borne phased array antenna-based full-polarization SAR system radio frequency network Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/024—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using polarisation effects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/03—Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/282—Transmitters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/285—Receivers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/35—Details of non-pulse systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/35—Details of non-pulse systems
- G01S7/352—Receivers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S2013/0236—Special technical features
- G01S2013/0245—Radar with phased array antenna
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
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- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a satellite-borne phased array antenna-based full-polarization SAR system radio frequency network, which comprises a first signal processing radio frequency network and a second signal processing radio frequency network, wherein the second signal processing radio frequency network comprises a phased array antenna, a first radio frequency transceiving/calibrating network, a second radio frequency transceiving/calibrating network and a plurality of TR components. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the radio frequency network is reduced, the radio frequency cable and the power divider are correspondingly reduced, the weight reduction is facilitated, and the material cost and the emission cost can be reduced; secondly, the radio frequency devices are correspondingly reduced, so that the reliability of the system can be improved, and the on-orbit service life can be prolonged; furthermore, the radio frequency access is correspondingly reduced, so that the ground test period and the on-orbit adjustment period can be reduced, and the development period is shortened; finally, the radio frequency cable and the power divider are correspondingly reduced, so that the layout of other single machines on the antenna and the wiring of the low-frequency cable are more friendly, and the difficulties of assembly and later maintenance and disassembly are greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of SAR systems, and particularly relates to a full-polarization SAR system radio frequency network based on a satellite-borne phased array antenna.
Background
Compared with an optical satellite, a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) satellite has all-weather imaging detection capability in the whole day, and is very suitable for earth observation of long-time weather such as cloud, rain, fog and the like. Therefore, the space-borne SAR system has unique advantages in the aspects of disaster monitoring, environment monitoring, ocean monitoring, resource exploration, crop estimation, mapping, military and the like, can play a role which is difficult to play by other remote sensing means, and is therefore more and more paid attention to all countries of the world.
The space-borne SAR system antenna mainly comprises a reflecting surface antenna and a phased array antenna, wherein the reflecting surface antenna generally adopts a concentrated emission type high-power feed system, and a radio frequency network is relatively simple. The phased array antenna is composed of a plurality of radiation array elements, has the electric scanning capability of two dimensions, is more flexible to use, can realize multi-point imaging without depending on a satellite platform, and can support more imaging modes. Because the phased array antenna adopts a distributed array element design, the radio frequency network of the phased array antenna can be complex.
The full polarization SAR system has VV, VH, HH, HV imaging capability, more polarization information and more data application. Compared with the traditional single-polarization SAR system, the full-polarization SAR system has more receiving channels, so that the system radio frequency network is more complex.
With the continuous development of the spaceborne SAR system, more imaging modes and more polarization information will be the development trend of the spaceborne SAR system, so that the radio frequency network of the spaceborne SAR system will be more and more complicated.
The traditional satellite-borne SAR system radio frequency network mainly comprises a radio frequency transceiver network, a radio frequency calibration network and an internal calibration module. The radio frequency transceiver network and the radio frequency calibration network are composed of several stages of power dividers and radio frequency cables, the radio frequency cables mainly comprise semisteel cables, and for the phased array antenna of the satellite-borne SAR system, the number of radio frequency cables of each set of network is hundreds of magnitude or even more. The internal calibration module is used for realizing path switching and level conversion of the radio frequency signals so as to realize various working tasks of the SAR system, such as imaging tasks, internal calibration tasks (transmitting calibration tasks, receiving calibration tasks and reference calibration tasks).
During an imaging task, the radio frequency signal is finally sampled by the receiver through the radio frequency transceiver network, and during a calibration task, the calibration signal is finally sampled by the receiver through the calibration network and the calibration module. A block diagram of a conventional satellite-borne SAR system radio frequency network is shown in fig. 1. During different tasks, the signal flow is as follows:
during an imaging session, the transmit signal flows to 1-2-3 and the echo signal flows to 3-2-9.
During the transmit scaling task, the scaling signal flows to 1-2-4-5-7-8.
During the reception of the scaling task, the scaling signal flows to 10-6-5-4-2-9.
During the reference scaling task, the scaling signal flows to 10-6-7-8.
For a satellite-borne full-polarization phased array SAR system, if the traditional satellite-borne SAR system radio frequency network design is adopted, besides the increase of a transmitting branch and a receiving branch caused by full polarization, the channel number of a radio frequency receiving-transmitting network, a radio frequency calibration network and a calibration module needs to be doubled, and the number of channels of the radio frequency receiving-transmitting network 2 sets, the number of channels of the radio frequency calibration network 2 sets and the number of channels of the radio frequency calibration network 4 sets are increased, so that a plurality of problems can be brought to a satellite-borne SAR antenna with originally-borne space shortage, such as the increase of the system weight, the decrease of the system reliability, the increase of the difficulty of system test, the difficulty of implementation of internal layout and wiring of the antenna and the like, which seriously restrict the development of a commercial satellite-borne SAR system. Therefore, how to make the radio frequency network of the satellite-borne SAR system simpler and more reliable is important on the premise of meeting more application scenes.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a radio frequency network of a full-polarization SAR system based on a satellite-borne phased array antenna, so as to solve the problem that the radio frequency network of the full-polarization SAR system based on the satellite-borne phased array antenna is too complex.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the utility model provides a full polarization SAR system radio frequency network based on spaceborne phased array antenna, includes signal processing radio frequency network one and signal processing radio frequency network two, signal processing radio frequency network two includes phased array antenna and distributed radio frequency transceiver/calibration network one, radio frequency transceiver/calibration network two and a plurality of TR subassembly in it, radio frequency transceiver/calibration network one, radio frequency transceiver/calibration network two all with signal processing radio frequency network one two-way communication, each interface of radio frequency transceiver/calibration network one, radio frequency transceiver/calibration network two corresponds same TR subassembly respectively, each TR subassembly is connected with the polarization port of phased array antenna respectively.
Further, the first signal processing radio frequency network comprises a radar host, a transmitter, a driving amplifier, a radar coupler, two power dividers, two radar circulators, two limiters, three switch arrays, a first receiver and a second receiver which are distributed in the radar host, wherein the transmitter is connected with the 1 port of the radar coupler through the driving amplifier, the 3 port of the radar coupler is sequentially connected with the first receiver and the second receiver after passing through a fixed attenuator, one switch array and one power divider, the 2 port of the radar coupler is connected with the other power divider, the two ports of the other power divider are respectively connected with the 1 port of the two radar circulators, the first radio frequency transceiving/scaling network and the second radio frequency transceiving/scaling network are respectively connected with the 2 ports of the two radar circulators, and the 3 ports of the two radar circulators are respectively connected to the first receiver and the second receiver through one limiter and one switch array.
Further, each TR assembly includes two TR switches, a V transmitting branch, a V receiving branch, an H transmitting branch, an H receiving branch, two TR circulators and two TR couplers, the first rf transceiver/scaler and the second rf transceiver/scaler are respectively connected to one TR switch, a scaling loop is further connected between the two TR switches, one end of the V transmitting branch and one end of the V receiving branch are connected to one TR switch, the other end of the V transmitting branch and the other end of the V receiving branch are sequentially connected to a polarization port through one TR circulator and one TR coupler, one end of the H transmitting branch and one end of the H receiving branch are sequentially connected to the other TR switch, the other end of the H transmitting branch and the other TR coupler are sequentially connected to the polarization port through the other TR circulator and the other TR coupler, and each TR coupler is further connected to one TR switch through a fixed attenuator; a calibration branch is also formed between the TR coupler and the TR switch;
the working mode comprises an imaging mode and a default calibration mode, wherein in the imaging mode, the radio frequency transceiving/calibration network is a radio frequency transceiving network, and in the default calibration mode, the radio frequency transceiving/calibration network is a radio frequency calibration network;
the imaging mode includes an imaging task;
the internal calibration mode comprises a V polarization emission calibration task, an H polarization emission calibration task, a V polarization receiving calibration task, an H polarization receiving calibration task, a reference calibration one task, a reference calibration two task and a reference calibration three task.
Further, the imaging task flow comprises an imaging task transmitting signal and an imaging task echo signal;
the path of the imaging task emission signal is: the transmitting signals are sent out from the transmitter, sequentially pass through the driving amplifier, the radar coupler and the power divider, then are sent to 1 ports of two radar circulators, the two paths of transmitting signals are respectively output to a first radio frequency transceiving/scaling network and a second radio frequency transceiving/scaling network, are output to an inlet of each TR assembly after passing through the first radio frequency transceiving/scaling network and the second radio frequency transceiving/scaling network, are selectively output to a V transmitting branch and an H transmitting branch of the TR assembly through a TR switch of the TR assembly, and are output to two polarized ports of an antenna through the TR circulators and the TR coupler;
the imaging task echo signal paths are as follows: echo signals enter the TR component through two polarized ports of the antenna, enter a V receiving branch and an H receiving branch of the TR component through the TR coupler and the TR circulator, are output to a first radio frequency transceiving/scaling network and a second radio frequency transceiving/scaling network through the switch selection of the TR component, and finally output two paths of echo signals to a first receiver and a second receiver of a radar host after sequentially passing through the two radar circulators, the two limiters and the two switch arrays.
Further, the V-polarized emission calibration task is divided into full-array-plane V-polarized emission calibration and single TR component V-polarized emission calibration;
full array plane V polarization emission scaling: the calibration signal of the V polarization emission calibration task flows through the V emission branches and the calibration branches of all the TR components;
single TR module V polarization emission scaling: for the TR component to be tested, a calibration signal of the V polarization emission calibration task flows through a V emission branch and a calibration branch of the TR component to be tested; for other TR components, the calibration signals of the V-polarization transmitting calibration tasks are selectively output to a 50Ω matching load through the TR switches of the other TR components, and do not flow to the V-transmitting branch and the calibration branch in the other TR components;
the path of the V-polarized emission scaling task is: the transmitting signal is sent out from the transmitter, sequentially passes through the driving amplifier and the radar coupler and then is output to the power divider, the 2-port output signal of the power divider is absorbed by the 50Ω matching load, the 1-port output signal of the power divider is output to the first radio frequency transceiving/calibrating network through the radar circulator, the first radio frequency transceiving/calibrating network outputs the calibrating signal, and the calibrating signal sequentially passes through the V transmitting branch, the TR circulator, the TR coupler and the calibrating loop after being selected by the TR switch in the TR assembly and is output to the second radio frequency transceiving/calibrating network, and finally is output to the second receiver of the radar host through the radar circulator, the limiter and the switch array.
Further, the task of H polarization emission calibration is divided into full array plane H polarization emission calibration and single TR component H polarization emission calibration:
full array plane H polarization emission scaling: the calibration signal of the H polarization emission calibration task flows through the H emission branches and the calibration branches of all the TR components;
single TR assembly H polarized emission scaling: for the TR component to be tested, the calibration signal of the H polarization emission calibration task only flows through the H emission branch and the calibration branch of the TR component to be tested; for other TR components, the calibration signal of the H polarization emission calibration task is selectively output to a 50Ω matching load through a TR switch of the TR component, and does not flow to an H emission branch and a calibration branch in the TR component;
the path of the H polarization emission scaling task is: the transmitting signal is sent out from the transmitter, sequentially passes through the driving amplifier and the radar coupler and then is output to the power divider, the 1-port output signal of the power divider is absorbed by the 50Ω matching load, the 2-port output signal of the power divider is output to the radio frequency transceiving/calibration network II through the radar circulator, the radio frequency transceiving/calibration network II outputs the calibration signal, and the calibration signal sequentially passes through the H transmitting branch, the TR circulator, the TR coupler and the calibration loop after being selected by the TR switch in the TR assembly and is output to the radio frequency transceiving/calibration network I, and finally is output to the receiver I of the radar host through the radar circulator, the limiter and the switch array.
Further, the V polarization receiving calibration task is divided into full array plane V polarization receiving calibration and single TR component V polarization receiving calibration;
full array plane V polarization receiving scaling: the calibration signal of the V polarization receiving calibration task flows through the V receiving branches and the calibration branches of all the TR components;
single TR module V polarization reception scaling: the calibration signal of the V polarization receiving calibration task only flows through the V receiving branch and the calibration branch of the TR component to be tested; for other TR components, the calibration signals of the V polarization receiving calibration tasks can be selectively output to a 50Ω matching load through the TR switches of the other TR components, and do not flow to the V receiving branch and the calibration branch in the TR components;
the path of the V-polarization reception scaling task is: the transmitting signal is sent out from the transmitter, sequentially passes through the driving amplifier and the radar coupler and then is output to the power divider, the 1-port output signal of the power divider is absorbed by the 50Ω matching load, the 2-port output signal of the power divider is output to the radio frequency transceiving/calibration network II through the radar circulator, the radio frequency transceiving/calibration network II outputs the calibration signal, and the calibration signal sequentially passes through the calibration loop, the TR coupler, the TR circulator and the V receiving branch circuit after being selected by the TR switch in the TR assembly and is output to the radio frequency transceiving/calibration network I, and finally is output to the receiver I of the radar host through the radar circulator, the limiter and the switch array.
Further, the H polarization receiving calibration task is divided into full array plane H polarization receiving calibration and single TR component H polarization receiving calibration;
full array plane H polarization receiving and scaling: the calibration signal of the H polarization receiving calibration task flows through the H receiving branches and the calibration branches of all TR components;
single TR module H-polarization reception scaling: the calibration signals of the H polarization receiving calibration tasks only flow through the H receiving branch and the calibration branch of the TR component to be tested, and for other TR components, the calibration signals of the H polarization receiving calibration tasks are selectively output to a 50Ω matching load through the TR switch of the TR component and do not flow to the H receiving branch and the calibration branch in the other TR components;
the path of the H polarization receiving scaling task is: the transmitting signal is sent out from the transmitter, sequentially passes through the driving amplifier and the radar coupler and then is output to the power divider, the 2-port output signal of the power divider is absorbed by the 50Ω matching load, the 1-port output signal of the power divider is output to the first radio frequency transceiving/calibrating network through the radar circulator, the first radio frequency transceiving/calibrating network outputs the calibrating signal, and the calibrating signal sequentially passes through the calibrating loop, the TR coupler, the TR circulator and the H receiving branch and is output to the second radio frequency transceiving/calibrating network after being selected by the TR switch in the TR assembly, and finally is output to the second receiver of the radar host through the radar circulator, the limiter and the switch array.
Further, the reference scale a path of a task is: the transmitting signal is sent from the transmitter, and is received by the first receiver and the second receiver after passing through the driving amplifier, the radar coupler and the switch array in sequence, and the 1 port and the 2 port of the power divider are connected with 50 omega matching loads.
Further, the reference scale two task path is: the transmitting signal is sent out from the transmitter, sequentially passes through the driving amplifier and the radar coupler and then is output to the power divider, the output signal of the 2 port of the power divider is absorbed by the 50 omega matching load, the output signal of the 1 port of the power divider is output to the first radio frequency transceiving/calibrating network through the radar circulator, the first radio frequency transceiving/calibrating network outputs the calibrating signal, the calibrating signal is returned to the second radio frequency transceiving/calibrating network through the calibrating loop after being selected by the TR switch in the TR assembly, and finally is output to the second receiver of the radar host through the radar circulator, the limiter and the switch array.
Further, the reference scaling triplex path is: the transmitting signal is sent out from the transmitter, sequentially passes through the driving amplifier and the radar coupler and then is output to the power divider, the output signal of the port 1 of the power divider is absorbed by the 50 omega matching load, the output signal of the port 2 of the power divider is output to the radio frequency transceiving/scaling network II through the radar circulator, the radio frequency transceiving/scaling network II outputs a scaling signal, the scaling signal is output to the radio frequency transceiving/scaling network I through the scaling loop through the TR switch in the TR assembly, and finally is output to the receiver I of the radar host through the radar circulator, the limiter and the switch array.
Compared with the prior art, the fully polarized SAR system radio frequency network based on the satellite-borne phased array antenna has the following advantages:
according to the satellite-borne phased array antenna-based full-polarization SAR system radio frequency network, the radio frequency network is reduced, the radio frequency cables and the power dividers are correspondingly reduced, and the fact that the satellite-borne SAR system antenna radio frequency cables are longer and more in number is considered, so that the satellite-borne phased array antenna-based full-polarization SAR system radio frequency network is helpful for reducing weight, and the material cost and the emission cost can be reduced; the radio frequency network is reduced, the radio frequency devices are correspondingly reduced, the reliability of the system can be improved, and the on-orbit service life is prolonged; the reduction of the radio frequency network can correspondingly reduce the radio frequency access, reduce the ground test period and the on-orbit adjustment period, and shorten the development period; the radio frequency network is reduced, the radio frequency cable and the power divider are correspondingly reduced, and the space of the phased array antenna is limited, so that the layout of other single machines on the antenna and the wiring of the low-frequency cable are more friendly, and the difficulties of assembly and later maintenance and disassembly are greatly reduced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a scheme of a conventional satellite-borne single-polarization SAR system radio frequency network;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a radio frequency network of a satellite-borne full-polarization SAR system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a flow of an emission signal of an imaging task according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow diagram of an echo signal of an imaging task according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the flow of the V-polarized transmit scaling signal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic flow diagram of H-polarized transmit scaling signals according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the flow of the V-polarized received scaling signal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic flow diagram of H-polarized received scaling signals according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a reference scaling signal flow according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a reference scaled two signal flow according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a reference scaled three signal flow according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific case.
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 11, a fully polarized SAR system radio frequency network based on a satellite-borne phased array antenna includes a first signal processing radio frequency network and a second signal processing radio frequency network, where the second signal processing radio frequency network includes a phased array antenna and 2 sets of radio frequency transceiving/scaling networks therein, a polarization port and a plurality of TR modules, each set of radio frequency transceiving/scaling network is respectively in bidirectional communication with the first signal processing radio frequency network, each interface of each set of radio frequency transceiving/scaling network corresponds to one TR module, specifically, as shown in fig. 2, a first interface of the uppermost ends of the first radio frequency transceiving/scaling network and the second radio frequency transceiving/scaling network corresponds to the first TR module, a second interface of the first radio frequency transceiving/scaling network and the second radio frequency transceiving/scaling network corresponds to the second TR module, and so on, and the single radio frequency scaling network and scaling module in the conventional scheme are removed, and the system radio frequency SAR switch array is composed of 2 sets of radio frequency transceiving/scaling networks (including a radar host and a plurality of TR modules). The radio frequency transceiving/scaling network plays different roles under different tasks and plays a radio frequency transceiving network under an imaging task. And the internal calibration mode is used as a radio frequency calibration network, and loop control is performed through the microwave switch array. In actual use, different tasks are required to be executed through ground control selection, and a radio frequency network block diagram is shown in fig. 2.
Imaging task
During imaging task signal transmission, the transmission signal flow is shown in dashed lines in fig. 3. The transmitting signals are sent out from the transmitter, pass through the drive amplifier, pass through the radar coupler, pass through the 1 minute 2 power divider, and reach the 1 port of two radar circulators, the two paths of transmitting signals are respectively output to 2 radio frequency transceiving/calibration networks, output to the entry of each TR subassembly after the network, select the transmitting branch of outputting to the TR subassembly through the switch of TR subassembly to 2 polarized ports of antenna are output to through TR circulators and TR coupler.
During reception of the imaging task signal, the echo signal flow is shown in dashed lines in fig. 4. Echo signals enter the TR assembly through 2 polarized ports of the antenna, enter a receiving channel of the TR assembly through the TR coupler and the TR circulator, are selectively output to a radio frequency transceiving/calibration network through a switch of the TR assembly, are output to a radar host after being combined, and are finally output to 2 receivers of the radar host through the radar circulator and the limiter.
V-polarized emission scaling task
The V-polarization emission calibration task can be divided into full-array-plane V-polarization emission calibration and single TR component V-polarization emission calibration. For full array plane V-polarization transmit scaling, the scaled signal will flow through the transmit branches and scaling branches of all TR components. For single TR component V polarization emission calibration, calibration signals only flow through the emission branch and the calibration branch of the TR component to be tested, and for other components, signals are selectively output to a 50Ω matching load through a switch of the TR component and do not flow to the emission branch and the calibration branch inside the TR component.
The V polarization emission calibration, the calibration signal flow is shown in the broken line of figure 5, the emission signal is sent out from the emitter, through the drive amplifier, through the radar coupler, through the 1 minute 2 power divider, the output signal of the 2 ports of the power divider is absorbed by the 50Ω matching load, the output signal of the 1 ports of the power divider is output to the radio frequency transceiving/calibration network I of the antenna through the radar circulator, through the switch selection inside the TR assembly, the calibration signal flows through the emission branch inside the TR assembly and is output to the radio frequency transceiving/calibration network II through the TR coupler and the calibration loop, and finally is output to the receiver II of the radar host through the radar circulator, the limiter and the switch array.
H polarization emission scaling task
The H polarization emission calibration task can be divided into full array plane H polarization emission calibration and single TR component H polarization emission calibration. For full array plane H polarization transmit scaling, the scaled signal will flow through the transmit branches and scaling branches of all TR components. For the single TR component H polarized emission calibration, the calibration signal only flows through the emission branch and the calibration branch of the TR component to be tested, and for other components, the signal is selectively output to a 50Ω matching load through a switch of the TR component and does not flow to the emission branch and the calibration branch in the TR component.
H polarization emission calibration, wherein the flow of calibration signals is shown as a dotted line in fig. 6, the transmission signals are sent out from a transmitter, pass through a driving amplifier, pass through a radar coupler, pass through a 1-division-2 power divider, the output signals of the 1-port of the power divider are absorbed by a 50 omega matching load, the output signals of the 2-port of the power divider are output to a radio frequency transceiving/calibration network II of an antenna through a radar circulator, and are selected by a switch in a TR assembly, and the calibration signals flow through a transmission branch in the TR assembly and are output to the radio frequency transceiving/calibration network I through the TR coupler and a calibration loop, and are finally output to a receiver I of a radar host through the radar circulator, a limiter and the switch array.
V-polarization reception scaling task
The V-polarization receiving calibration task can be divided into full-array-plane V-polarization receiving calibration and single TR component V-polarization receiving calibration. For full-array-plane V-polarization receive scaling, the scaled signal will flow through the receive branches and scaling branches of all TR components. For the V polarization receiving calibration of the single TR component, the calibration signal only flows through the receiving branch and the calibration branch of the TR component to be tested, and for other components, the signal is selectively output to the 50Ω matching load through the switch of the TR component and does not flow to the receiving branch and the calibration branch inside the TR component.
The V polarization receiving calibration, the calibration signal flow is shown in the broken line of figure 7, the transmitting signal is sent out from the transmitter, through the driving amplifier, through the radar coupler, through the 1 minute 2 power divider, the output signal of the 1 port of the power divider is absorbed by the 50Ω matching load, the output signal of the 2 port of the power divider is output to the radio frequency receiving/calibration network II of the antenna through the radar circulator, through the switch selection in the TR assembly, the calibration signal is output to the V polarization receiving branch of the TR assembly through the calibration loop, and is output to the radio frequency receiving/calibration network I, and is finally output to the receiver I of the radar host through the radar circulator, the limiter and the switch array.
H polarization reception scaling task
The H polarization receiving and scaling task can be divided into full array plane H polarization receiving and scaling and single TR assembly H polarization receiving and scaling. For full-array-plane H-polarization receive scaling, the scaled signal will flow through the receive branches and scaling branches of all TR components. For the single TR component H polarization receiving calibration, the calibration signal only flows through the receiving branch and the calibration branch of the TR component to be tested, and for other components, the signal is selectively output to the 50Ω matching load through the switch of the TR component and does not flow to the receiving branch and the calibration branch inside the TR component.
The H polarization receiving calibration, the calibration signal flow is shown in the broken line of figure 8, the transmitting signal is sent out from the transmitter, through the driving amplifier, through the radar coupler, through the 1 minute 2 power divider, the output signal of the 2 ports of the power divider is absorbed by the 50 omega matching load, the output signal of the 1 ports of the power divider is output to the radio frequency receiving/calibration network I of the antenna through the radar circulator, the calibration signal is output to the H polarization receiving branch of the TR component through the calibration loop by the switch selection in the TR component, and is output to the radio frequency receiving/calibration network II, and finally output to the receiver II of the radar host through the radar circulator, the limiter and the switch array.
Reference scaling a task
Referring to the first calibration, the flow of the calibration signal is shown as a dotted line in fig. 9, the transmitting signal is sent from the transmitter, passes through the driving amplifier, passes through the radar coupler, is received by the first receiver and the second receiver through the switch array, the ports 1 and 2 of the power divider are connected with 50 omega matching loads, and the calibration signal does not flow to the next stage loop. By referring to the calibration one, the amplitude difference of two receiving channels of the radar host can be calibrated.
Reference scaling two tasks
Referring to the scaling second, the scaling signal flows to the dashed line in fig. 10, the transmitting signal is sent from the transmitter, passes through the driving amplifier, passes through the radar coupler, passes through the 1-to-2 power divider, the output signal of the 2-port of the power divider is absorbed by the 50Ω matching load, the output signal of the 1-port of the power divider is output to the radio frequency transceiving/scaling network first of the antenna through the radar circulator, the scaling signal does not pass through the transmitting and receiving branches of the TR assembly, but is selected to be returned to the receiving branch of the radar host by the scaling loop through the switch inside the TR assembly, and finally is output to the receiver second of the radar host. By referring to the second calibration, the amplitude difference of the radio frequency network in front of the TR assembly can be calibrated out.
Reference scaling three-task
Referring to scaling three, the scaling signal flow is shown by a dotted line in fig. 11, the transmitting signal is sent from the transmitter, passes through the driving amplifier, passes through the radar coupler, passes through the 1-to-2 power divider, the output signal of the 1-port of the power divider is absorbed by the 50Ω matching load, the output signal of the 2-port of the power divider is output to the radio frequency transceiving/scaling network II of the antenna through the radar circulator, the scaling signal does not pass through the transmitting and receiving branches of the TR assembly, but is selected to be returned to the receiving branch of the radar host by the scaling loop through a switch in the TR assembly, and finally is output to the receiver I of the radar host. By referring to the calibration III, the amplitude difference of the radio frequency network in front of the TR assembly can be calibrated out.
The invention has the advantages that:
the radio frequency network is reduced, the radio frequency cables and the power divider are correspondingly reduced, and the fact that the space-borne SAR system antenna radio frequency cables are relatively long and are large in number is considered, so that the space-borne SAR system antenna radio frequency cables are very helpful for weight reduction, and the material cost and the emission cost can be reduced.
The radio frequency network is reduced, and the radio frequency devices are correspondingly reduced, so that the reliability of the system can be improved, and the on-orbit service life can be prolonged.
The reduction of the radio frequency network can correspondingly reduce the radio frequency access, reduce the ground test period and the on-orbit adjustment period, and shorten the development period;
the radio frequency network is reduced, the radio frequency cable and the power divider are correspondingly reduced, and the space of the phased array antenna is limited, so that the layout of other single machines on the antenna and the wiring of the low-frequency cable are more friendly, and the difficulties of assembly and later maintenance and disassembly are greatly reduced.
It should be noted that the electrical components involved in the present invention, including the radar host and the phased array antenna, are all prior art.
Example 1
Sequentially measuring amplitude value and phase value of two receiving channels by reference calibration one, respectively recorded as，/>Wherein->The channel number is marked, the amplitude and the phase difference of the other channel are obtained by taking the first channel as a reference, and the amplitude and the phase difference are marked as +.>，In the case of full polarization imaging, this error is compensated into echo data, and the full polarization imaging performance is improved.
The response function of the receiving and transmitting channel of the system can be obtained through a task of full array surface V (H) polarization transmitting calibration, full array surface V (H) polarization receiving calibration and reference calibration, and the measured value before transmitting is recorded asThe on-track measurement is recorded as->Can get +.>The change of the receiving and transmitting response function of the SAR system is reflected, and the radiation precision can be corrected according to the ground image processing and the external calibration data.
By single TR component V (H) transmit scaling, one canObtaining the phase value of the transmitting channel of each TR component, and recording the measured value before transmitting asThe on-track measurement is recorded as->The phase difference value of each channel can be obtained and is recorded as +.>The correction and optimization of the antenna transmission pattern can be realized accordingly.
The receiving channel amplitude value and the phase value of each TR component can be obtained through the receiving calibration of the single TR component V (H), and the measured value before transmission is recorded as，/>The on-track measurement is recorded as->，/>The phase difference value of each channel can be obtained and is recorded as +.>，/>The correction and optimization of the antenna reception pattern can be realized accordingly.
By referring to the second calibration and the third calibration, the amplitude-phase characteristics of the passive network of each channel in the radio frequency network can be calibrated, and the amplitude-phase changes of each link of the radio frequency network can be accurately positioned by combining other calibration data. A good means for tracking the amplitude and phase data and checking the problems is provided for the test at each stage before the emission or the on-orbit test.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A satellite-borne phased array antenna-based full-polarization SAR system radio frequency network is characterized in that: the system comprises a signal processing radio frequency network I and a signal processing radio frequency network II, wherein the signal processing radio frequency network II comprises a phased array antenna, a radio frequency transceiving/scaling network I, a radio frequency transceiving/scaling network II and a plurality of TR components which are distributed in the phased array antenna, the radio frequency transceiving/scaling network I and the radio frequency transceiving/scaling network II are in bidirectional communication with the signal processing radio frequency network I, each interface of the radio frequency transceiving/scaling network I and the radio frequency transceiving/scaling network II corresponds to the same TR component respectively, and each TR component is connected with a polarized port of the phased array antenna respectively;
the working modes of the radio frequency network comprise an imaging mode and a default calibration mode, wherein in the imaging mode, the radio frequency transceiving/calibration network is a radio frequency transceiving network, and in the default calibration mode, the radio frequency transceiving/calibration network is a radio frequency calibration network;
the imaging mode includes an imaging task;
the internal calibration mode comprises a V polarization emission calibration task, an H polarization emission calibration task, a V polarization receiving calibration task, an H polarization receiving calibration task, a reference calibration one task, a reference calibration two task and a reference calibration three task;
the signal processing radio frequency network I comprises a radar host and transmitters, a driving amplifier, a radar coupler, two power dividers, two radar circulators, two limiters, three switch arrays, a receiver I and a receiver II which are distributed in the radar host, wherein the transmitters are connected with 1 port of the radar coupler through the driving amplifier, 3 port of the radar coupler sequentially passes through a fixed attenuator, one switch array and one power divider and then is respectively connected with the receiver I and the receiver II, 2 port of the radar coupler is connected with the other power divider, two ports of the other power divider are respectively connected with 1 port of the two radar circulators, the radio frequency transceiving/scaling network I and the radio frequency transceiving/scaling network II are respectively connected with 2 port of the two radar circulators, and 3 port of the two radar circulators are respectively connected to the receiver I and the receiver II through one limiter and one switch array;
each TR component comprises two TR switches, a V transmitting branch, a V receiving branch, an H transmitting branch, an H receiving branch, two TR circulators and two TR couplers, wherein a first radio frequency transceiving/scaling network and a second radio frequency transceiving/scaling network are respectively connected with one TR switch, a scaling loop is further connected between the two TR switches, one end of the V transmitting branch and one end of the V receiving branch are connected with one TR switch, the other end of the V transmitting branch and the other end of the V receiving branch are sequentially connected with a polarization port through one TR circulator and one TR coupler, one end of the H transmitting branch and one end of the H receiving branch are connected with the other TR switch, the other end of the H transmitting branch and the other end of the H receiving branch are sequentially connected with the polarization port through the other TR circulator and the other TR coupler, and each TR coupler is also respectively connected with one TR switch through a fixed attenuator; and a calibration branch circuit is also formed between the TR coupler and the TR switch.
2. A fully polarized SAR system radio frequency network based on a satellite-borne phased array antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the imaging task flow comprises an imaging task transmitting signal and an imaging task echo signal;
the path of the imaging task emission signal is: the transmitting signals are sent out from the transmitter, sequentially pass through the driving amplifier, the radar coupler and the power divider, then are sent to 1 ports of two radar circulators, the two paths of transmitting signals are respectively output to a first radio frequency transceiving/scaling network and a second radio frequency transceiving/scaling network, are output to an inlet of each TR assembly after passing through the first radio frequency transceiving/scaling network and the second radio frequency transceiving/scaling network, are selectively output to a V transmitting branch and an H transmitting branch of the TR assembly through a TR switch of the TR assembly, and are output to two polarized ports of an antenna through the TR circulators and the TR coupler;
the imaging task echo signal paths are as follows: echo signals enter the TR component through two polarized ports of the antenna, enter a V receiving branch and an H receiving branch of the TR component through the TR coupler and the TR circulator, are output to a first radio frequency transceiving/scaling network and a second radio frequency transceiving/scaling network through the switch selection of the TR component, and finally output two paths of echo signals to a first receiver and a second receiver of a radar host after sequentially passing through the two radar circulators, the two limiters and the two switch arrays.
3. A fully polarized SAR system radio frequency network based on a satellite-borne phased array antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the V-polarized emission calibration task is divided into full array plane V-polarized emission calibration and single TR component V-polarized emission calibration;
full array plane V polarization emission scaling: the calibration signal of the V polarization emission calibration task flows through the V emission branches and the calibration branches of all the TR components;
single TR module V polarization emission scaling: for the TR component to be tested, a calibration signal of the V polarization emission calibration task flows through a V emission branch and a calibration branch of the TR component to be tested; for other TR components, the calibration signals of the V-polarization transmitting calibration tasks are selectively output to a 50Ω matching load through the TR switches of the other TR components, and do not flow to the V-transmitting branch and the calibration branch in the other TR components;
the path of the V-polarized emission scaling task is: the transmitting signal is sent out from the transmitter, sequentially passes through the driving amplifier and the radar coupler and then is output to the power divider, the 2-port output signal of the power divider is absorbed by the 50Ω matching load, the 1-port output signal of the power divider is output to the first radio frequency transceiving/calibrating network through the radar circulator, the first radio frequency transceiving/calibrating network outputs the calibrating signal, and the calibrating signal sequentially passes through the V transmitting branch, the TR circulator, the TR coupler and the calibrating loop after being selected by the TR switch in the TR assembly and is output to the second radio frequency transceiving/calibrating network, and finally is output to the second receiver of the radar host through the radar circulator, the limiter and the switch array.
4. A fully polarized SAR system radio frequency network based on a satellite-borne phased array antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the H polarization emission calibration task is divided into full array plane H polarization emission calibration and single TR component H polarization emission calibration:
full array plane H polarization emission scaling: the calibration signal of the H polarization emission calibration task flows through the H emission branches and the calibration branches of all the TR components;
single TR assembly H polarized emission scaling: for the TR component to be tested, the calibration signal of the H polarization emission calibration task only flows through the H emission branch and the calibration branch of the TR component to be tested; for other TR components, the calibration signal of the H polarization emission calibration task is selectively output to a 50Ω matching load through a TR switch of the TR component, and does not flow to an H emission branch and a calibration branch in the TR component;
the path of the H polarization emission scaling task is: the transmitting signal is sent out from the transmitter, sequentially passes through the driving amplifier and the radar coupler and then is output to the power divider, the 1-port output signal of the power divider is absorbed by the 50Ω matching load, the 2-port output signal of the power divider is output to the radio frequency transceiving/calibration network II through the radar circulator, the radio frequency transceiving/calibration network II outputs the calibration signal, and the calibration signal sequentially passes through the H transmitting branch, the TR circulator, the TR coupler and the calibration loop after being selected by the TR switch in the TR assembly and is output to the radio frequency transceiving/calibration network I, and finally is output to the receiver I of the radar host through the radar circulator, the limiter and the switch array.
5. A fully polarized SAR system radio frequency network based on a satellite-borne phased array antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the V polarization receiving calibration task is divided into full array plane V polarization receiving calibration and single TR component V polarization receiving calibration;
full array plane V polarization receiving scaling: the calibration signal of the V polarization receiving calibration task flows through the V receiving branches and the calibration branches of all the TR components;
single TR module V polarization reception scaling: the calibration signal of the V polarization receiving calibration task only flows through the V receiving branch and the calibration branch of the TR component to be tested; for other TR components, the calibration signals of the V polarization receiving calibration tasks can be selectively output to a 50Ω matching load through the TR switches of the other TR components, and do not flow to the V receiving branch and the calibration branch in the TR components;
the path of the V-polarization reception scaling task is: the transmitting signal is sent out from the transmitter, sequentially passes through the driving amplifier and the radar coupler and then is output to the power divider, the 1-port output signal of the power divider is absorbed by the 50Ω matching load, the 2-port output signal of the power divider is output to the radio frequency transceiving/calibration network II through the radar circulator, the radio frequency transceiving/calibration network II outputs the calibration signal, and the calibration signal sequentially passes through the calibration loop, the TR coupler, the TR circulator and the V receiving branch circuit after being selected by the TR switch in the TR assembly and is output to the radio frequency transceiving/calibration network I, and finally is output to the receiver I of the radar host through the radar circulator, the limiter and the switch array.
6. A fully polarized SAR system radio frequency network based on a satellite-borne phased array antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the H polarization receiving calibration task is divided into full array plane H polarization receiving calibration and single TR component H polarization receiving calibration;
full array plane H polarization receiving and scaling: the calibration signal of the H polarization receiving calibration task flows through the H receiving branches and the calibration branches of all TR components;
single TR module H-polarization reception scaling: the calibration signals of the H polarization receiving calibration tasks only flow through the H receiving branch and the calibration branch of the TR component to be tested, and for other TR components, the calibration signals of the H polarization receiving calibration tasks are selectively output to a 50Ω matching load through the TR switch of the TR component and do not flow to the H receiving branch and the calibration branch in the other TR components;
the path of the H polarization receiving scaling task is: the transmitting signal is sent out from the transmitter, sequentially passes through the driving amplifier and the radar coupler and then is output to the power divider, the 2-port output signal of the power divider is absorbed by the 50Ω matching load, the 1-port output signal of the power divider is output to the first radio frequency transceiving/calibrating network through the radar circulator, the first radio frequency transceiving/calibrating network outputs the calibrating signal, and the calibrating signal sequentially passes through the calibrating loop, the TR coupler, the TR circulator and the H receiving branch and is output to the second radio frequency transceiving/calibrating network after being selected by the TR switch in the TR assembly, and finally is output to the second receiver of the radar host through the radar circulator, the limiter and the switch array.
7. A fully polarized SAR system radio frequency network based on a satellite-borne phased array antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the path of the reference scale one task is: the transmitting signal is sent from the transmitter, and is received by the first receiver and the second receiver after passing through the driving amplifier, the radar coupler and the switch array in sequence, and the 1 port and the 2 port of the power divider are connected with 50 omega matching loads.
8. A fully polarized SAR system radio frequency network based on a satellite-borne phased array antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the paths of the reference scaling two tasks are: the transmitting signal is sent out from the transmitter, sequentially passes through the driving amplifier and the radar coupler and then is output to the power divider, the output signal of the 2 port of the power divider is absorbed by the 50 omega matching load, the output signal of the 1 port of the power divider is output to the first radio frequency transceiving/calibrating network through the radar circulator, the first radio frequency transceiving/calibrating network outputs the calibrating signal, the calibrating signal is returned to the second radio frequency transceiving/calibrating network through the calibrating loop after being selected by the TR switch in the TR assembly, and finally is output to the second receiver of the radar host through the radar circulator, the limiter and the switch array.
9. A fully polarized SAR system radio frequency network based on a satellite-borne phased array antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the reference scaled three-task path is: the transmitting signal is sent out from the transmitter, sequentially passes through the driving amplifier and the radar coupler and then is output to the power divider, the output signal of the port 1 of the power divider is absorbed by the 50 omega matching load, the output signal of the port 2 of the power divider is output to the radio frequency transceiving/scaling network II through the radar circulator, the radio frequency transceiving/scaling network II outputs a scaling signal, the scaling signal is output to the radio frequency transceiving/scaling network I through the scaling loop through the TR switch in the TR assembly, and finally is output to the receiver I of the radar host through the radar circulator, the limiter and the switch array.
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