CN115995674B - All-sky meteor detection receiving antenna, transmitting antenna and antenna array - Google Patents
All-sky meteor detection receiving antenna, transmitting antenna and antenna array Download PDFInfo
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- CN115995674B CN115995674B CN202310292924.2A CN202310292924A CN115995674B CN 115995674 B CN115995674 B CN 115995674B CN 202310292924 A CN202310292924 A CN 202310292924A CN 115995674 B CN115995674 B CN 115995674B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a full-sky meteor detection receiving antenna, a transmitting antenna and an antenna array, wherein the full-sky meteor detection receiving antenna comprises an active component, a reflecting component and a first supporting rod, the active component comprises two half-wave dipole antennas which are erected in an orthogonal mode, and a feed position of each half-wave dipole antenna is connected with a first matcher; the T-shaped matching branch knot comprises a first linear conductor and at least two connecting conductors which are connected with the first linear conductor in a T-shaped manner, wherein the first linear conductor is parallel to the half-wave dipole antenna and is connected with the half-wave dipole antenna through the connecting conductors; the reflecting component comprises two second straight conductors which are erected in an orthogonal mode, the active component and the reflecting component are both fixed on the first supporting rod, and the reflecting component is arranged far away from the detected target relative to the active component. The invention can realize the adjustment of the standing wave ratio of the antenna, thereby improving the signal receiving performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of meteor detection, in particular to a full sky meteor detection receiving antenna, a transmitting antenna and an antenna array.
Background
With the development of radar technology and storage and processing technology, meteor radar has been widely used in the fields of aerodynamics in MLT (Mesosphere and Low Thermosphere, middle layer-low thermal layer) area, average wind field of the atmosphere, atmospheric tides, and atmospheric planetary waves, etc., and has become an important space detection means for acquiring aerodynamics in meteor occurrence areas.
At present, the meteor radar antenna system is taken as one of important components, and has important significance on whether the whole radar system can accurately acquire parameters such as meteor flux, meteor position, meteor movement speed and the like. The dipole antenna has the advantages of simple structure and reliable operation, and is widely applied to the meteor detection field.
However, most of the existing dipole receiving antennas have simple orthogonal structures, and standing wave ratio adjustment of the antennas is difficult to achieve, so that the working performance of the receiving antennas is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent. Therefore, a first object of the present invention is to provide an all-sky meteor detection receiving antenna to realize unbalanced and balanced conversion of feed signals and standing wave ratio adjustment of the antenna, thereby improving signal receiving performance.
A second object of the present invention is to provide an all-sky-meteor sounding transmitting antenna.
A third object of the present invention is to provide an all-sky meteor sounding antenna array.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an all-sky meteor sounding receive antenna comprising: the antenna comprises an active component, a reflecting component and a first supporting rod, wherein the active component and the reflecting component are both fixed on the first supporting rod, the active component comprises two half-wave dipole antennas which are erected in an orthogonal mode, a first matcher is connected to a feed position of each half-wave dipole antenna, a first balun is arranged in the first matcher and is connected with the two half-wave dipole antennas which are erected in an orthogonal mode, at least one half-wave dipole antenna is provided with a T-shaped matching branch knot, the T-shaped matching branch knot comprises a first straight line conductor and at least two connecting conductors which are connected with the first straight line conductor in a T-shaped mode, and the first straight line conductor is arranged in parallel with the corresponding half-wave dipole antenna and is connected with the corresponding half-wave dipole antenna through at least two connecting conductors;
the reflection component comprises two second straight conductors which are erected in an orthogonal mode, a first preset height difference exists between a plane where the reflection component is located and a plane where the active component is located, the reflection component is far away from a detected target relative to the active component, the all-sky meteor detection receiving antenna realizes unbalance and balance conversion of feed signals through the first matcher, and realizes standing wave ratio adjustment of the antenna through the T-shaped matching branches.
Optionally, the midpoint of the two half-wave dipole antennas is the intersection point of the two half-wave dipole antennas.
Optionally, the number of the T-shaped matching branches is the same as the number of the half-wave dipole antennas.
Optionally, the number of the connection conductors is even, and the connection conductors are symmetrically arranged with the orthogonal crossing point of the two half-wave dipole antennas as a center.
Optionally, the first preset height difference is 0.15 λ1, where λ1 is the working wavelength of the all-sky meteor detection receiving antenna.
To achieve the above object, a second aspect of the present invention provides an all-sky-meteor detection transmitting antenna, wherein a radio signal transmitted by the all-sky-meteor detection transmitting antenna is received by the all-sky-meteor detection receiving antenna, the all-sky-meteor detection transmitting antenna comprising:
the active vibrator and the reflecting vibrator are fixed on the second supporting rod, wherein,
the active oscillator comprises two folded dipole antennas which are erected in an orthogonal mode, a feed port is arranged at the middle point of each folded dipole antenna, a second matcher is connected to the feed port, and a second balun is arranged in each second matcher so as to realize unbalanced and balanced conversion of feed signals through the second balun; the reflection oscillator comprises two third linear conductors which are erected in an orthogonal mode, a second preset height difference exists between the plane where the reflection oscillator is located and the plane where the active oscillator is located, and the reflection oscillator is far away from a detected target relative to the active oscillator.
Optionally, the midpoint of the two folded dipole antennas is the crossing point where the two folded dipole antennas are orthogonal.
Optionally, the second preset height difference is 0.15 λ2, where λ2 is the working wavelength of the all-sky meteor detection transmitting antenna.
To achieve the above object, a third aspect of the present invention provides an all-sky-star detecting antenna array, including a transmitting antenna array and a receiving antenna array, wherein,
the transmitting antenna array comprises at least one all-sky meteor detection transmitting antenna;
the receiving antenna array comprises two antenna baselines, each antenna baseline comprises at least three all-sky-star detection receiving antennas, the antenna intervals in the antenna baselines comprise long baseline intervals and short baseline intervals, and the length of the long baseline intervals is larger than that of the short baseline intervals.
Optionally, the length of the long baseline interval is 2.5λ1, and the length of the short baseline interval is 2λ1, where λ1 is the working wavelength of the all-sky meteor detection receiving antenna.
The invention has at least the following technical effects:
1. the active component in the all-sky meteor detection receiving antenna comprises two half-wave dipole antennas which are erected in an orthogonal mode, wherein a first matcher is connected to the feed position of each half-wave dipole antenna, and unbalance and balance conversion of feed signals can be achieved through a first balun in the first matcher; in addition, the half-wave dipole antenna is provided with a T-shaped matching branch, a first straight line conductor and at least two connecting conductors which are connected with the first straight line conductor in a T-shaped mode are arranged in the T-shaped matching branch, and the standing wave ratio of the antenna can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the connecting conductors and the distance between the connecting conductors and the center position of the half-wave dipole antenna, so that the standing wave ratio requirement of the antenna is met, and signal receiving performance can be further improved.
2. The invention also provides the all-sky meteor detection transmitting antenna and the all-sky meteor detection antenna array formed by the all-sky meteor detection transmitting antenna and the corresponding receiving antenna, and meteor trail echoes can be more accurately and effectively received by the all-sky meteor detection antenna array, so that the all-sky meteor positioning is convenient to realize.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an all-sky meteor sounding transmitting antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an all-sky meteor detection receiving antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a standing wave ratio schematic diagram of the whole sky meteor detection receiving antenna according to the embodiment of the invention when loading the T-shaped matching branches.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of standing wave ratio when the all-sky meteor detection receiving antenna according to the embodiment of the invention is not loaded with T-shaped matching branches.
Fig. 5 is a two-dimensional pattern of an embodiment of the invention when a T-shaped matching branch is loaded on an all-sky meteor detection receiving antenna.
Fig. 6 is a two-dimensional pattern of an embodiment of the invention when the all-sky meteor detection receiving antenna is not loaded with a T-shaped matching branch.
Fig. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of a balun in an all-sky-meteor detection receiving antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a T-type array structure of a receiving antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an L-shaped array structure of a receiving antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a cross array structure of a receiving antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present embodiment is described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
The full sky-flow sounding receiving antenna, transmitting antenna and antenna array of the present embodiment are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
For ease of understanding, the description will be given first of all of the all-sky meteor detection transmitting antennas for transmitting radio signals to meteor trails, and radio signals reflected by meteor trails are received by all-sky meteor detection receiving antennas.
Example 1
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an all-sky meteor sounding transmitting antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the all-sky meteor sounding transmitting antenna includes: an active vibrator 101, a reflective vibrator 102 and a second support bar 104, wherein the reflective vibrator 102 is arranged away from the detected object with respect to the active vibrator 101.
In this embodiment, the active resonator 101 includes two folded dipole antennas 101A and 101B that are orthogonally arranged, and the folded dipole antennas 101A and 101B participate in radiation by in-phase current components on two wires, which corresponds to a thickened diameter of the resonator, and is beneficial to improvement of impedance characteristics.
In this embodiment, the midpoints of the two folded dipole antennas 101A and 101B are orthogonal cross points, and the lengths of the folded dipole antennas 101A and 101B are both 0.48 λ2, and λ2 is the operating wavelength of the all-sky-space sounding transmitting antenna. A feed port is provided at the midpoint of the folded dipole antenna 101A or 101B, and a second matcher 103 is connected to the feed port. The second matcher 103 is provided with a second balun, which is a hairpin balun, i.e. a U-tube balun, which is capable of achieving not only 1:4, and also has the unbalanced-balanced conversion function, and is suitable for the feed of half-wave folded vibrators. At this time, by adjusting the difference in the lengths of the external feeder cables of the two folded dipole antennas 101A and 101B to 1/4 λ2, the phase difference of the two folded dipole antennas 101A and 101B can be adjusted to 90 °, thereby realizing the circular polarization characteristic of the all-sky-star detecting transmitting antenna.
In order to achieve high power for the all-sky meteor detection transmitting antenna, a high temperature resistant double wire with a polytetrafluoroethylene sheath may be used as the winding in the second matcher 103 and as the wire of the U-tube balun. In this embodiment, the input end of the second matcher 103 is connected to one end of a hyscf_50-7-2T-B type ultra-soft high-power low-loss cable, and the other end of the hyscf_50-7-2T-B type ultra-soft high-power low-loss cable is connected to a radio frequency connector, where the cable can bear 30kW (kilowatt) of emitted pulse power when the duty cycle is not more than 10%, and the attenuation value is 2.2dB/100m (at 39 MHz), i.e. 2.2dB per 100 meters at 39MHz, and the rated operating voltage is 4.5kV (kilovolts).
Meanwhile, in order to avoid a fire striking between the folded dipole antennas 101A and 101B, an insulating process may be performed between the two folded dipole antennas 101A and 101B, i.e., an insulating spacer layer may be provided in a space between the upper and lower sides of the folded dipole antennas 101A and 101B at the intersection of the two folded dipole antennas 101A and 101B.
In this embodiment, the reflective resonator 102 includes two third straight conductors 102A and 102B that are perpendicularly arranged, each having a length of about 0.5λ2, and is located at a position 0.15λ2 below the active resonator 101, that is, a second preset height difference of 0.15λ2 exists between the plane of the reflective resonator 102 and the plane of the active resonator 101. At this time, the input impedance of folded dipole antennas 101A and 101B is 4 times that of a normal dipole, and thus, as described above, impedance matching needs to be performed at the input port using second matcher 103. In this embodiment, the reflective vibrator 102 can be regarded as a parasitic element, and has a reflective effect, so that the radiation characteristic of the all-sky meteor detection transmitting antenna can be greatly improved.
Further, in order to better realize the performance of the all-sky-star detecting transmitting antenna, the folded dipole antenna 101A or 101B as the active element 101 is disposed parallel to the third straight line conductor 102A or 102B below one of them. As shown in fig. 1, two folded dipole antennas 101A and 101B are arranged in a cross-type configuration, and third linear conductors 102A and 102B are arranged in a cross-type configuration. The folded dipole antennas 101A and 101B lie in a plane parallel to the plane in which the third linear conductors 102A and 102B lie. Folded dipole antenna 101B is disposed parallel to third linear conductor 102A, and folded dipole antenna 101A is disposed parallel to third linear conductor 102B to reflect signals of folded dipole antennas 101A and 101B through third linear conductors 102A and 102B.
In this embodiment, the second support rod 104 is inserted into the second flange base 105 and fastened using screws. The second stay cord 106 is made of chinlon, and is used for improving the fixing effect and increasing the stability and wind resistance of the second support rod 104. One end of each second stay cord 106 is fixed on the second support rod 104 and is arranged at a position between the active vibrator 101 and the reflective vibrator 102, the other end of each second stay cord 106 is fixed on the ground, the three second stay cords 106 are distributed in a circumferential array with the second support rod 104 as a center, the included angle between any two adjacent second stay cords 106 is 120 degrees, and the included angle between each second stay cord 106 and the horizontal plane is 30 degrees.
Example 2
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an all-sky meteor detection receiving antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, corresponding to embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the all-sky-meteor detection receiving antenna includes an active part 201, a reflecting part 204, and a first support rod 205, wherein the reflecting part 204 is disposed away from a detected object with respect to the active part 201.
In this embodiment, the active component 201 includes two half- wave dipole antennas 201A and 201B that are orthogonally mounted, and the midpoints of the two half- wave dipole antennas 201A and 201B are orthogonal intersections. The centers of the half- wave dipole antennas 201A and 201B serve as feed points and are connected to a first matcher, wherein a first balun is arranged in the first matcher, and the first balun is electrically connected with the half- wave dipole antennas 201A and 201B.
The half- wave dipole antennas 201A and 201B are provided with T-shaped matching branches, each of which includes a first linear conductor 202 and four connection conductors 203 connected to the first linear conductor 202 in a T-shape. The first linear conductor 202 is disposed parallel to the corresponding half- wave dipole antenna 201A or 201B and is connected to the corresponding half- wave dipole antenna 201A or 201B by a connection conductor 203.
In this embodiment, two ends of each first linear conductor 202 are fixedly connected to the corresponding half- wave dipole antenna 201A or 201B through a connecting conductor 203. A connection conductor 203 is provided on the first linear conductor 202 at a position distant from the center S of the half- wave dipole antenna 201A or 201B, respectively, and the connection conductor 203 has a length d. Half- wave dipole antennas 201A and 201B are symmetrical antennas and therefore require unbalanced-balanced conversion at the feed port using a first matcher.
In this embodiment, the reflection component 204 includes two second straight conductors 204A and 204B that are perpendicularly arranged, wherein a first preset height difference is 0.15 λ1 between a plane where the reflection component 204 is located and a plane where the active component 201 is located, and λ1 is an operating wavelength of the all-sky meteor detection receiving antenna. In order to better realize the performance of the all-sky-meteor detection receiving antenna, the active component 201 is disposed in parallel with one of the second straight conductors 204A and 204B below.
Specifically, the half- wave dipole antennas 201A and 201B are disposed orthogonally, and the planes in which the second straight line conductor 204A and the second straight line conductor 204B lie are parallel to the planes in which the half-wave dipole antenna 201A and the half-wave dipole antenna 201B lie. The second linear conductor 204A is parallel to the half-wave dipole antenna 201A and the second linear conductor 204B is parallel to the half-wave dipole antenna 201B.
The orthogonally mounted half- wave dipole antennas 201A and 201B and the reflective member 204 are each fixed to the first support rod 205 by a hoop. When the first support bar 205 is vertically disposed, the height difference between the half- wave dipole antennas 201A and 201B orthogonal to each other and the height difference between the second straight line conductors 204A and 204B orthogonal to each other are ignored, and the half- wave dipole antennas 201A and 201B in the active part 201 are located on a plane parallel to the horizontal plane, and similarly, the second straight line conductors 204A and 204B in the reflective part 204 are also located on a plane parallel to the horizontal plane.
In this embodiment, the first support rod 205 is inserted into the first flange base 206 and fastened using screws. The first pull cord 207 is made of nylon, and is used for improving the fixing effect and increasing the stability and wind resistance of the first support rod 205. One end of the first pull rope 207 is fixed on the first support rod 205 and is located between the active component 201 and the reflective component 204, the other end of the first pull rope 207 is fixed on the ground, the three first pull ropes 207 are distributed in a circumferential array with the first support rod 205 as a center, the included angle between any two adjacent first pull ropes 207 is 120 degrees, and the included angle between each first pull rope 207 and the horizontal plane is 30 degrees.
In practical application, in order to adjust standing wave ratio of all half-wave dipole antennas, the number of T-type matching branches is the same as that of half-wave dipole antennas, and if the half-wave dipole antennas include 201A and 201B shown in the figure, the number of T-type matching branches is 2.
In order to be able to adjust the standing wave ratio of all half-wave dipole antennas, the number of the connection conductors 203 is greater than or equal to four and is an even number, and the connection conductors are symmetrically arranged with the orthogonal crossing points as the center.
In order to explain the beneficial effects of installing the T-shaped matching branch in the embodiment of the invention, the embodiment of the invention carries out numerical simulation on the antenna before installing the T-shaped matching branch and the antenna after installing the T-shaped matching branch.
Fig. 3 is a schematic standing wave ratio diagram of the all-sky meteor detection receiving antenna when loading the T-shaped matching branches. As shown in FIG. 3, standing wave ratios at three measuring points M1, M2 and M3 are not greatly different, and the distribution is between 0.2 and 0.4. Fig. 4 is a standing wave ratio diagram of the whole sky meteor detection receiving antenna when the T-shaped matching branches are not loaded. As shown in fig. 4, standing wave ratios at three measurement points of M1, M2 and M3 have larger differences, and particularly, the standing wave ratio at the measurement point of M1 is the smallest and is close to 1, which indicates that loading a T-shaped matching branch node can improve the standing wave ratio of an antenna, wherein the three measurement points of M1, M2 and M3 are named as M1, M2 and M3 in the figure.
Fig. 5 is a two-dimensional pattern of an all-sky meteor detection receiving antenna when loading a T-shaped matching branch. Fig. 6 is a two-dimensional pattern of an all-sky meteor detection receiving antenna without loading a T-shaped matching branch. As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the bottom recess of the pattern in fig. 5 is closer to the antenna position, so the signal radiation effect is better.
Furthermore, the invention also provides a circuit structure of the first balun, namely the balun, in the first matcher.
Example 3
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a balun circuit in an all-sky meteor detection receiving antenna of the present invention. As shown in fig. 7, port 1 is a feed signal input port and is grounded.
The signal input by the port 1 is transmitted to one end of the first linear conductor 202 of the two T-shaped matching branches, wherein the other end of the first linear conductor 202 in the first T-shaped matching branch is connected with one end of the connecting conductor 203, and the other end of the connecting conductor 203 is combined into a first path 1001. The other end of the first straight conductor 202 in the second T-shaped matching stub is connected to one end of the connection conductor 203, and the other end of the connection conductor 203 merges into a second path 1002.
An isolation resistor R1 is connected between the first path 1001 and the second path 1002. A magnetic loop type choke is wound around the line between the connection conductor 203 and the isolation resistor R1, and the above-described structure forms a Wilkinson power divider and balun structure. The Wilkinson power divider and the phase shifter of the latter stage can realize balanced feeding and 90 ° phase shifting, and simultaneously can suppress current overflow on the coaxial outer conductor and realize an unbalanced-balanced signal conversion function, which can realize balanced feeding by means of the coupled balun. Among them, for a 90-degree phase shifter, a quarter-wavelength radio frequency coaxial cable is generally used.
After the first path 1001 is connected to the isolation resistor R1, the signal is split into two sub paths, and the first sub path is sequentially connected in series with a first phase shifter 1003 and a first isolation capacitor C1, where the first phase shifter is a-180 degree phase shifter, and an output end of the first isolation capacitor C1 forms an output end of the port 3. The second sub-path is sequentially connected in series with a second phase shifter 1004 and a second isolation capacitor C2, where the second phase shifter is a phase shifter of 0 degrees, and an output end of the second isolation capacitor C2 forms another output end of the port 3.
Wherein the two output ends of the port 3 are respectively connected with the two feed ports of the half-wave dipole antenna 201A.
After the second path 1002 is connected with the isolation resistor R1, the signal is divided into two sub paths, and a third phase shifter 1005, a fourth phase shifter 1006 and a third isolation capacitor C3 are sequentially connected in series in the third sub path, wherein the third phase shifter is a-180 degree phase shifter, the fourth phase shifter is a 90 degree phase shifter, and an output end of the third isolation capacitor C3 forms an output end of the port 2. The fourth sub-path is sequentially connected in series with a fifth phase shifter 1007, a sixth phase shifter 1008 and a fourth isolation capacitor C4, where the fifth phase shifter is a +.0 degree phase shifter, the sixth phase shifter is a 90 degree phase shifter, and the output end of the fourth isolation capacitor C4 forms the other output end of the port 2.
Wherein the two output ends of the port 2 are respectively connected with the two feed ports of the half-wave dipole antenna 201B.
With continued reference to FIG. 7, the port characteristic impedance
The impedance of the all-sky meteor detection receiving antenna is +.about.>
And->
Wherein->
For imaginary part, < ->
For the characteristic impedance of the port->
Detecting the impedance of the receiving antenna for a full sky meteor, < >>
In units of ohms of the resistance value,
output impedance for port 2, ">
The impedance is output for port 3.
Example 4
According to embodiments 1-3 of the present invention, embodiment 4 provides an all-sky meteor detection antenna array, including: a transmit antenna array and a receive antenna array.
Wherein the transmitting antenna array comprises at least one all-sky-star sounding transmitting antenna as described above. The receiving antenna array comprises two antenna baselines, each antenna baseline comprises at least three all-sky-meteor detection receiving antennas as described above, and the antenna intervals in the antenna baselines comprise long baseline intervals and short baseline intervals, wherein the length of the long baseline intervals is larger than that of the short baseline intervals, the length of the long baseline intervals is 2.5λ1, and the length of the short baseline intervals is 2λ1, and λ1 is the working wavelength of the all-sky-meteor detection receiving antennas.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a T-type array structure of a receiving antenna array. Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an L-type array structure of a receiving antenna array. Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a cross array structure of a receiving antenna array.
In the three arrays shown in fig. 8-10, one "x" symbol represents one receiving antenna. Fig. 8-10 show the distribution of the receiving antenna array, which solves the problems of angle measurement ambiguity and accurate positioning result by combining 5 pairs of receiving antennas through long and short baselines, wherein the positioning result can be accurate when the length of the long baselines is 2 times or 2.5 times of the wavelength of the signals; when the short base line length is 0.5 times or 1 time the signal wavelength, the positioning result error is large, but the problem of phase ambiguity does not exist.
In summary, the active component in the all-sky meteor detection receiving antenna comprises two half-wave dipole antennas which are erected in an orthogonal mode, wherein a first matcher is connected to a feed position of each half-wave dipole antenna, and unbalanced and balanced conversion of feed signals can be achieved through a first balun in the first matcher; in addition, a T-shaped matching branch is arranged on the half-wave dipole antenna, a first straight line conductor and at least two connecting conductors which are connected with the first straight line conductor in a T-shaped manner are arranged in the T-shaped matching branch, and the standing wave ratio of the antenna can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the connecting conductors and the distance between the connecting conductors and the center position of the half-wave dipole antenna, so that the standing wave ratio requirement of the antenna is realized, and the signal receiving performance can be further improved; the invention also provides the all-sky meteor detection transmitting antenna and the all-sky meteor detection antenna array formed by the all-sky meteor detection transmitting antenna and the corresponding receiving antenna, and meteor trail echoes can be more accurately and effectively received through the all-sky meteor detection antenna array, so that the all-sky meteor positioning is conveniently realized.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises an element.
While the present invention has been described in detail through the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment, it should be understood that the foregoing description is not to be considered as limiting the invention. Many modifications and substitutions of the present invention will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the foregoing. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be limited only by the attached claims.
Claims (9)
1. An all-sky meteor sounding receiving antenna, comprising: the active component, the reflecting component and the first supporting rod are fixed on the first supporting rod, wherein,
the active component comprises two half-wave dipole antennas which are erected in an orthogonal mode, a first matcher is connected to a feed position of the half-wave dipole antennas, a first balun is arranged in the first matcher, the first balun is connected with the two half-wave dipole antennas which are erected in an orthogonal mode, T-shaped matching branches are arranged on the two half-wave dipole antennas, each T-shaped matching branch comprises a first linear conductor and at least two connecting conductors which are connected with the first linear conductor in a T-shaped mode, and the first linear conductors are arranged in parallel with the corresponding half-wave dipole antennas and are connected with the corresponding half-wave dipole antennas through at least two connecting conductors;
the reflection component comprises two second straight conductors which are erected in an orthogonal mode, a first preset height difference exists between a plane where the reflection component is located and a plane where the active component is located, the reflection component is far away from a detected target relative to the active component, the all-sky meteor detection receiving antenna realizes unbalance and balance conversion of feed signals through the first matcher, and realizes standing wave ratio adjustment of the antenna through the T-shaped matching branches;
the circuit structure of the first balun is that a port 1 of the first balun is connected with one ends of first linear conductors of two T-shaped matching branches, the other ends of the first linear conductors of the two T-shaped matching branches are connected with one ends of corresponding connecting conductors, and the other ends of the corresponding connecting conductors are respectively combined into a first path and a second path;
an isolation resistor is connected between the first path and the second path; after the first path is connected with the isolation resistor, the signal is divided into two sub paths, the first sub path is sequentially connected with a first phase shifter and a first isolation capacitor in series, wherein the first phase shifter is a-180-degree phase shifter, and the output end of the first isolation capacitor forms one output end of the port 3; the second sub-path is sequentially connected with a second phase shifter and a second isolation capacitor in series, wherein the second phase shifter is an +0 degree phase shifter, and the output end of the second isolation capacitor forms the other output end of the port 3; wherein, two output ends of the port 3 are respectively connected with two feed ports of one half-wave dipole antenna;
after the second path is connected with the isolation resistor, the signal is divided into two sub paths, a third phase shifter, a fourth phase shifter and a third isolation capacitor are sequentially connected in series in the third sub path, wherein the third phase shifter is a-180-degree phase shifter, the fourth phase shifter is a 90-degree phase shifter, and the output end of the third isolation capacitor forms one output end of the port 2; the fourth sub-path is sequentially connected with a fifth phase shifter, a sixth phase shifter and a fourth isolation capacitor in series, wherein the fifth phase shifter is a phase shifter of plus 0 degrees, the sixth phase shifter is a phase shifter of 90 degrees, and the output end of the fourth isolation capacitor forms the other output end of the port 2; wherein, two output ends of the port 2 are respectively connected with two feed ports of the other half-wave dipole antenna.
2. The all-sky-star detection receiving antenna of claim 1, wherein a midpoint of two of said half-wave dipole antennas is an intersection of two of said half-wave dipole antennas that are orthogonal.
3. The all-sky-star detecting and receiving antenna according to claim 2, wherein the number of the connection conductors is an even number and is symmetrically arranged with respect to an orthogonal intersection of two half-wave dipole antennas as a center.
4. The all-sky-star detection receiving antenna of claim 1, wherein the first preset height difference is 0.15 λ1, wherein λ1 is an operating wavelength of the all-sky-star detection receiving antenna.
5. A all-sky-meteor detection transmitting antenna, characterized in that a radio signal transmitted by the all-sky-meteor detection transmitting antenna is received by the all-sky-meteor detection receiving antenna according to any one of claims 1-4, the all-sky-meteor detection transmitting antenna comprising:
the active vibrator and the reflecting vibrator are fixed on the second supporting rod, wherein,
the active oscillator comprises two folded dipole antennas which are erected in an orthogonal mode, a feed port is arranged at the middle point of each folded dipole antenna, a second matcher is connected to the feed port, and a second balun is arranged in each second matcher so as to realize unbalanced and balanced conversion of feed signals through the second balun;
the reflection oscillator comprises two third linear conductors which are erected in an orthogonal mode, a second preset height difference exists between the plane where the reflection oscillator is located and the plane where the active oscillator is located, and the reflection oscillator is far away from a detected target relative to the active oscillator;
the second balun uses hairpin balun to realize 1:4, impedance transformation;
an insulating isolation layer is arranged in the space between the upper part and the lower part of the folded dipole antenna.
6. The all-sky-star detection transmitting antenna of claim 5 wherein the midpoint of two folded dipole antennas is the intersection of the orthogonality of the two folded dipole antennas.
7. The all-sky-star sounding transmit antenna of claim 6, wherein the second preset height difference is 0.15 λ2, where λ2 is the operating wavelength of the all-sky-star sounding transmit antenna.
8. A full sky meteor detection antenna array is characterized by comprising a transmitting antenna array and a receiving antenna array, wherein,
the transmitting antenna array comprising at least one all-sky-meteor sounding transmitting antenna according to any of claims 6-7;
the receive antenna array comprises two antenna baselines, each of the antenna baselines comprising at least three all-sky-star detection receive antennas of any of claims 1-4, the antenna spacing in the antenna baselines comprising a long baseline spacing and a short baseline spacing, the length of the long baseline spacing being greater than the length of the short baseline spacing.
9. The all-sky-star detection antenna array of claim 8, wherein the long baseline interval has a length of 2.5λ1 and the short baseline interval has a length of 2λ1, wherein λ1 is an operating wavelength of the all-sky-star detection reception antenna.
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