CN117227430A - Locking mechanism for quick replacement of battery pack and electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses a locking mechanism for quick replacement of a battery pack and an electric vehicle, wherein the locking mechanism is configured to lock the battery pack on a vehicle body of the electric vehicle and comprises a first locking piece and an unlocking unit, the first locking piece is arranged on the vehicle body and is used for being matched with a second locking piece on the battery pack to lock and unlock the battery pack, the unlocking unit comprises a transmission piece and a driving assembly, the transmission piece is at least partially connected with the first locking piece, and the driving assembly can drive the transmission piece to swing reciprocally around a rotation axis so that the transmission piece drives the first locking piece to move along a straight line to be matched or disengaged with the second locking piece. According to the locking mechanism provided by the application, the first locking piece is driven to be matched with the second locking piece through swinging of the transmission piece, so that the unlocking or locking of the battery pack is realized, the installation locking and unlocking of the quick-change battery pack of the electric vehicle are easily realized, the power change difficulty is greatly reduced, and the improvement of the power change efficiency is facilitated.

Description

Locking mechanism for quick replacement of battery pack and electric vehicle

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of electric vehicles, in particular to a locking mechanism for quick replacement of a battery pack and an electric vehicle.

Background

The electric vehicle has the advantages of zero emission, low noise, high operation and maintenance cost performance and the like, and is increasingly favored by users. The energy used by the electric vehicle is the electric energy provided by a battery pack carried by the electric vehicle, and the electric vehicle needs to be charged after the electric energy is used up. The battery pack of an electric vehicle is generally configured in a fixed type and a replaceable type, wherein the fixed type battery pack is generally fixed on the vehicle, and the vehicle is directly used as a charging object during charging. The battery pack can be quickly taken down to be independently replaced, namely, the battery which is pre-charged can be directly arranged on the vehicle, and the detached battery which is full of electricity can be independently charged to be arranged on the vehicle which is charged in a follow-up mode, so that the vehicle can be replaced with the full-charged battery in a very short time to quickly complete continuous voyage and energy supplement. Particularly, for heavy trucks, due to the structure, loading requirements and the like of the heavy truck, a large battery with large capacity is often arranged on the heavy truck, and the charging time of the large battery is longer, so that the power change mode for the heavy truck is more convenient to supplement energy. In a heavy truck with power change, a battery pack needs to be fixed by adopting a locking mechanism, and when power change is needed, the battery pack needs to be fixed by adopting the locking mechanism.

The battery package of interchangeable, all generally fix the top at the automobile body longeron, utilize the longeron to realize the supporting role to the battery package, because the automobile body longeron is higher on electric vehicle's the position relatively ground, battery package weight is heavier moreover, make the focus of battery package higher, stability relative to the vehicle is relatively poor, thereby influence the security that the vehicle was driven, and occupy the great space in driver rear, experience is relatively poor to the driving of driver, in addition, because the battery package sets up in the longeron top, only can change the battery package through hoisting structure, and adopt hoisting structure, the whole building of power conversion station is higher, area is big, the maintenance cost is high and the security is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a locking mechanism for quick replacement of a battery pack and an electric vehicle, which enable the battery pack to be installed on a vehicle body from bottom to top so as to solve the problems of safety, stability and the like caused by the fact that the electric vehicle adopts a hoisting mode to install the battery pack.

The technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:

the utility model provides a locking mechanism for battery package quick change, is configured to can lock battery package on electric vehicle's automobile body, locking mechanism includes first latch and unlocking unit, and first latch is located on the automobile body and is used for cooperating with the second latch on the battery package in order to lock and unlock the battery package, unlocking unit include driving medium and drive assembly, the driving medium with first latch links to each other at least partially, drive assembly can drive the driving medium is reciprocal to swing around a rotation axis, makes the driving medium drives first latch is along rectilinear movement in order to cooperate or release the cooperation with the second latch.

In the technical scheme, the locking mechanism can lock or unlock the battery pack and the body of the electric vehicle so as to realize quick replacement of the battery pack. The first locking piece is arranged on the vehicle body, the transmission piece is at least partially connected with the first locking piece, when the driving assembly drives the transmission piece to swing around a rotation axis, the transmission piece can drive the first locking piece to move linearly, when the transmission piece swings in one direction, the first locking piece can be driven to move towards the second locking piece and be matched with the second locking piece to lock the battery pack, when the transmission piece swings in the opposite direction, the first locking piece can be driven to move away from the second locking piece and be released from being matched with the second locking piece to unlock the battery pack, and the reciprocating swing of the transmission piece is easy to control and realize, so that the installation locking and unlocking of the quick-change battery pack of the electric vehicle are easily realized, the power conversion difficulty is greatly reduced, the power conversion efficiency is improved, and under the condition of meeting the use of the electric vehicle, the unlocking unit has simple and light overall structure, convenient operation, low cost, effective and reliable transmission, and is favorable for popularization and use of quick power conversion of the vehicle.

Preferably, the transmission piece is provided with a first meshing part, the first locking piece comprises a transmission shaft and a locking part connected with the end part of the transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is provided with a second meshing part, the first meshing part is in meshing connection with the second meshing part, and the locking part is used for locking the battery pack.

In the technical scheme, the transmission piece and the first locking piece are in meshed connection with the second meshing part through the first meshing part, so that the meshed transmission is simple, effective, reliable and stable, and the reciprocating swing of the transmission piece is easy to realize. After the transmission piece stops swinging, the transmission piece and the first locking piece can keep the positions relatively fixed through meshing, and relative sliding or dislocation and other movements cannot be generated, so that the first locking piece can unlock the battery pack wrongly, the first locking piece can be stably kept at the position for locking the battery pack, and further the stable effect of the battery pack on the locking and mounting of the vehicle body can be improved.

Preferably, the cross-sectional area of the drive shaft is larger than the cross-sectional area of the locking portion.

In this technical scheme, the area of the cross section of transmission shaft is greater than the area of the cross section of locking portion, and the transmission shaft is for the thickening setting of locking portion promptly, on the one hand, the machining shaping of second meshing portion in the periphery of transmission shaft of being convenient for, on the other hand, the position of the spacing first latch of tip of usable transmission shaft still makes locking portion and battery package reliably cooperate, avoids transmission shaft and battery package to produce cooperation or interference.

Preferably, the second engagement portion is a rack extending along an axial direction of the transmission shaft, the first engagement portion is a sector gear ring, and the first locking member is in meshed connection with the transmission member through the rack and the sector gear ring.

In the technical scheme, the first locking piece is meshed and connected with the transmission piece through the rack and the sector gear ring, on the basis, the sector gear ring can swing reciprocally and drive the first locking piece to move linearly through the meshing transmission with the rack, and compared with the meshing transmission between the gear and the rack, the sector gear ring is simpler in structure and lower in processing cost.

Preferably, the transmission part comprises a transmission part and a connection part, the transmission part is connected with the first locking part, the transmission part is fixedly connected with the connection part, one end, close to the connection part, of the transmission part is installed on the vehicle body through a connection shaft, and the transmission part and the connection part are respectively located on two opposite sides of the connection shaft and can rotate relative to the connection shaft by taking the center of the connection shaft as a rotation axis.

In this technical scheme, the driving medium passes through drive division and is connected with first latch fitting to be connected with drive assembly through connecting portion, drive division and connecting portion are located the opposite side of connecting axle respectively, make connecting portion can be as the rotating arm structure that drives drive division pendulum and change, compare in drive assembly direct with drive division is connected and drive division pendulum changes, drive assembly passes through the indirect drive division pendulum of connecting portion and changes, the rotating force arm has been prolonged, the drive is more laborsaving, also provide bigger space for the equipment of drive assembly and driving medium, it is more convenient to install.

Preferably, the driving assembly comprises a rotating member and a connecting rod, the rotating member can rotate around the central axis of the rotating member, one end of the connecting rod is hinged with an eccentric position of the rotating member, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the connecting part, and the connecting rod drives the transmission member to swing when the rotating member rotates.

In the technical scheme, the rotating piece and the connecting rod form a crank rocker type transmission mechanism, the rotation of the rotating piece is converted into the reciprocating swing of the transmission piece through the connecting rod, and the transmission is effective and reliable. In a preferred embodiment, the rotating member can be driven by a motor to rotate, unlocking and locking of the battery pack can be realized by utilizing an electric drive, a manual work is liberated, development of intelligent automatic power conversion is promoted, and power conversion efficiency and power conversion safety are improved.

Preferably, the rotating member is of disc or wheel-like configuration.

In the technical scheme, the rotating member is of a disc-shaped or wheel-shaped structure, the structure is simple, the center of the rotating member can be connected with a driving motor for driving the rotating member to rotate, and the periphery of the rotating member can be hinged with the connecting rod.

Preferably, the locking mechanism further comprises a lock seat, the lock seat is provided with an opening in the horizontal direction, the second lock piece can be inserted into the lock seat through the opening, and a first lock hole is formed in the top wall of the lock seat above the lock seat so that the first lock piece can linearly move in the vertical direction and enter the first lock hole to be matched with or be disengaged from the second lock piece.

In this technical scheme, provide one kind first latch vertical movement realize with the embodiment of second latch locking or unblock, first latch vertical movement, occupy the space on the automobile body horizontal direction less, do benefit to the structural arrangement on the automobile body horizontal direction. The second locking piece moves along the horizontal direction to enter the lock seat, so that the butt joint matching of the battery pack and the lock seat is more convenient and quicker.

Preferably, the second locking piece is provided with a first locking groove corresponding to the first locking hole, and the first locking piece passes through the first locking hole downwards and then is inserted into the first locking groove to realize locking with the second locking piece.

In the technical scheme, the first locking piece and the first locking hole are simultaneously matched with the first locking groove to realize locking with the second locking piece, and the locking is reliable.

Preferably, the locking mechanism further comprises a lock seat, the lock seat is provided with an opening in the horizontal direction, the second locking piece can be inserted into the lock seat through the opening, and a second lock hole is formed in the side wall of the side wall, adjacent to or opposite to the opening, of the lock seat so that the first locking piece can move linearly in the horizontal direction and enter the second lock hole to be matched with or un-matched with the second locking piece.

In the technical scheme, an embodiment of locking or unlocking with the second locking piece is provided by the horizontal movement of the first locking piece, the horizontal movement of the first locking piece occupies small space in the vertical direction of the vehicle body, and the vertical structural arrangement of the vehicle body is facilitated.

Preferably, the second locking piece is provided with a second locking groove corresponding to the second locking hole, and the first locking piece moves horizontally and passes through the second locking hole to be inserted into the second locking groove.

In the technical scheme, the first locking piece and the second locking hole are simultaneously matched with the second locking groove to realize locking with the second locking piece, and the locking is reliable.

Preferably, the first locking member is provided with an elastic structure body at one end close to the locking seat, the elastic structure body is provided with a first state protruding from the first locking member and a second state hidden in the first locking member, when the first locking member and the second locking member are locked in a matched manner, the elastic structure body is in the first state and is matched with the inner wall of the locking seat in a stop manner so as to limit the first locking member to be in a matched state with the second locking member, and when the first locking member is driven by the unlocking unit, the elastic structure body is stressed to enter the second state so that the first locking member can be moved out to be disengaged from the second locking member.

In this technical scheme, through setting up the elastic structure body at first latch fitting, utilize the elastic structure body to realize the position restriction to first latch fitting in the inside backstop cooperation of lock seat in the first state of protrusion in first latch fitting, guarantee the reliable cooperation of first latch fitting and lock seat, second latch fitting, make electric vehicle still can guarantee the reliable locking of first latch fitting to the battery package under the circumstances such as reply complicated road conditions or sudden braking, sharp turn, avoid first latch fitting spontaneous unlocking.

Preferably, the first locking piece is provided with a connecting seat and a limiting boss which are oppositely arranged at one end far away from the lock seat, the connecting seat is fixed on the vehicle body, the first locking piece can be limited in the connecting seat and moves along a straight line, the limiting boss is adjacent to the part, connected with the transmission piece, of the first locking piece, the first locking piece is further sleeved with an elastic piece, and the elastic piece is located between the connecting seat and the limiting boss.

In the technical scheme, the first locking piece is limited to linearly move through the connecting seat, so that the first locking piece is ensured to stably and reliably linearly move, and the first locking piece is prevented from being blocked in the locking or unlocking process due to the deviation in other directions. An elastic piece is arranged between the limiting boss and the connecting seat, and the first locking piece can be automatically reset to a position matched with the second locking piece at the position unlocked with the second locking piece by utilizing the elastic piece.

The application provides an electric vehicle which comprises a vehicle body, a battery pack and a locking mechanism for quick replacement of the battery pack, wherein the locking mechanism is used for locking and unlocking the battery pack and the vehicle body.

Due to the adoption of the structure, the installation locking and unlocking of the battery pack of the electric vehicle are easily realized, and under the condition of meeting the use requirement of the electric vehicle, the structure is simple and light, the operation is convenient, the cost is low, the battery pack is locked stably and reliably, and the popularization and the use of the quick battery pack of the electric vehicle are facilitated.

Preferably, the electric vehicle includes a plurality of the lock mechanisms, and at least one of the lock mechanisms is provided on both opposite sides in the vehicle width direction.

In this technical scheme, lock battery package on the automobile body through a plurality of locking mechanism, help the balanced distribution of atress between battery package and the automobile body, reduce stress concentration, simultaneously, a plurality of locking mechanism effect has guaranteed the firm effect of battery package and automobile body locking simultaneously.

By adopting the technical scheme, the application has the following technical effects: the locking mechanism can lock or unlock the battery pack and the body of the electric vehicle so as to realize quick replacement of the battery pack. The first locking piece is arranged on the vehicle body, and is at least partially connected with the first locking piece, when the driving component drives the driving piece to swing around a rotation axis, the driving piece can drive the first locking piece to move linearly, when the driving piece swings in one direction, the driving piece can drive the first locking piece to move towards the second locking piece and be matched with the second locking piece to lock the battery pack, when the driving piece swings in the opposite direction, the driving piece can drive the first locking piece to move away from the second locking piece and be released from being matched with the second locking piece to unlock the battery pack, so that the installation locking and unlocking of the quick-change battery pack of an electric vehicle are easily realized, the power conversion difficulty is greatly reduced, the improvement of the power conversion efficiency is facilitated, and the unlocking unit has the advantages of simple and light integral structure, convenient operation, low cost, effective and reliable transmission and is favorable for popularization and use of quick power conversion of the vehicle under the condition of meeting the use of the electric vehicle.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute a limitation on the application. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a locking mechanism for quick-changing a battery pack and a second locking member in locking fit according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a locking mechanism for quick-changing a battery pack and a second locking member in locking engagement according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is an exploded view of a locking mechanism for quick-change of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a locking mechanism for quick-changing a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first locking member according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving member according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a second lock according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8 is a partial enlarged view of the structure at a in fig. 2.

Reference numerals:

1 a first locking piece, 11 a transmission shaft, 111 a second meshing part, 12 a locking part, 13 an elastic structure body and 14 a limiting boss;

2 second locking piece, 21 first locking groove;

3 driving part, 31 driving part, 311 first meshing part, 312 pivoting hole, 32 connecting part;

4, a rotating piece;

a 5 connecting rod;

6, a lock seat and a first lock hole 61;

7 connecting seats.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly illustrate the general inventive concept, a detailed description is given below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, however, the present application may be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and therefore the scope of the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

In the present application, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; the device can be mechanically connected, electrically connected and communicated; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

In the embodiment of the application, a locking mechanism for quick replacement of a battery pack is provided, and for convenience of explanation and understanding, the following matters are described on the basis of the structure of the illustrated product. It will of course be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above-described construction is provided as a specific example and illustrative only and is not intended to constitute a specific limitation on the scope of the application. In addition, the application also provides an electric vehicle which can be a commercial vehicle such as a heavy truck, a light truck and the like, and can be other electric vehicle types.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the locking mechanism for quick-changing a battery pack provided by the application is configured to lock the battery pack on a vehicle body of an electric vehicle, the locking mechanism comprises a first locking member 1 and an unlocking unit, the first locking member 1 is arranged on the vehicle body and is used for being matched with a second locking member 2 on the battery pack to lock and unlock the battery pack, the unlocking unit comprises a transmission member 3 and a driving assembly, the transmission member 3 is at least partially connected with the first locking member 1, the driving assembly can drive the transmission member 3 to swing reciprocally around a rotation axis, and the transmission member 3 drives the first locking member 1 to move linearly to be matched with or disengaged from the second locking member 2.

According to the application, the locking mechanism can lock or unlock the battery pack and the body of the electric vehicle so as to realize quick replacement of the battery pack. The first locking piece 1 is arranged on the vehicle body, the transmission piece 3 is at least partially connected with the first locking piece 1, when the driving assembly drives the transmission piece 3 to swing around a rotation axis, the transmission piece 3 can drive the first locking piece 1 to move linearly, when the transmission piece 3 swings in one direction, the first locking piece 1 can be driven to move towards the second locking piece 2 and be matched with the second locking piece 2 to lock the battery pack, when the transmission piece 3 swings in the opposite direction, the first locking piece 1 can be driven to move away from the second locking piece 2 and be released from being matched with the second locking piece 2 to unlock the battery pack, and the reciprocating swing of the transmission piece 3 is easy to control and realize, so that the installation locking and unlocking of the battery pack for the electric vehicle can be easily realized, the power conversion difficulty is greatly reduced, the power conversion efficiency is improved, and under the condition of meeting the use of the electric vehicle, the whole unlocking unit has simple and light structure, convenient operation, low cost, effective and reliable transmission, and is favorable for popularization and use of the vehicle quick power conversion.

The connection mode of the transmission member 3 and the first lock member 1 is not limited in the present application, and includes, but is not limited to, a rack and pinion engagement transmission connection, a crank block transmission connection, a ball screw transmission connection, and a cam mechanism transmission connection. In addition, the direction of the linear movement of the first locking member 1 is not limited, and in a preferred embodiment, the first locking member 1 may be linearly moved in a horizontal plane, for example, may be horizontally moved in a longitudinal direction or a width direction of a vehicle body to unlock and lock the battery pack, and for example, may be linearly moved in a vertical plane, that is, the first locking member 1 may be vertically moved to unlock and lock the battery pack. For the convenience of processing, installation and structural operation, the present application schematically shows an embodiment in which the first locking member 1 has a rod-shaped structure as a whole, but the present application is not limited thereto, and it may be designed into other shapes according to practical requirements. In addition, the present application is not limited to the way in which the driving unit drives the transmission member 3 to reciprocate, and for example, the driving unit may drive the transmission member 3 to reciprocate by way of a swing pair such as a crank rocker.

As a preferred embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 5, the transmission member 3 may be provided with a first engagement portion 311, the first locking member 1 includes a transmission shaft 11 and a locking portion 12 connected to an end portion of the transmission shaft 11, the transmission shaft 11 is provided with a second engagement portion 111, the first engagement portion 311 is engaged with the second engagement portion 111, and the locking portion 12 is used for locking the battery pack.

As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the transmission member 3 and the first lock member 1 are in meshed connection with the second meshing portion 111 through the first meshing portion 311, and the meshed transmission is simple, effective, reliable and stable, and easy to realize the reciprocating swing of the transmission member 3. After the transmission piece 3 stops swinging, the transmission piece 3 and the first locking piece 1 can keep the positions relatively fixed through meshing, and relative sliding or dislocation and other movements can not be generated to cause the first locking piece 1 to unlock the battery pack wrongly, so that the first locking piece 1 is stably kept at the position for locking the battery pack, and further the stability effect of the battery pack in locking installation of a vehicle body is improved. In a preferred example, the locking part 12 may be integrally connected with the driving shaft 11, and one end of the locking part 12 remote from the driving shaft 11 is provided with a chamfer, so that locking of the locking part 12 with the battery pack is facilitated by the guiding effect of the chamfer.

Further, the cross-sectional area of the drive shaft 11 may be made larger than the cross-sectional area of the locking portion 12. That is, the thickened arrangement of the driving shaft 11 relative to the locking portion 12 is convenient for the processing and forming of the second meshing portion 111 on the periphery of the driving shaft 11, on the one hand, the position of the first locking member 1 can be limited by the end portion of the driving shaft 11, so that the locking portion 12 is reliably matched with the battery pack, and the driving shaft 11 and the battery pack are prevented from being matched or interfered.

As for the structure in which the first engagement portion 311 and the second engagement portion 111 are engaged, as a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 to 6, the second engagement portion 111 may be made to be a rack extending in the axial direction of the first lock member 1, the first engagement portion 311 being a sector gear ring, and the first lock member 1 and the transmission member 3 being engaged by the rack and the sector gear ring. The first locking piece 1 is meshed with the transmission piece 3 through the racks and the sector gear rings, on the basis, the sector gear rings can swing reciprocally and drive the first locking piece 1 to move linearly through the meshing transmission with the racks, and compared with the mode that the first locking piece is meshed with the racks through the gears, the sector gear rings are simpler in structure and lower in processing cost.

Regarding the specific structure of the transmission member 3, as a preferred embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 6, all the foregoing embodiments and examples of the present application may further include a transmission portion 31 and a connection portion 32, wherein the transmission portion 31 is connected to the first locking member 1, the transmission portion 31 and the connection portion 32 are fixedly connected, and one end of the transmission portion 31 near the connection portion 32 is mounted on the vehicle body through a connection shaft, and the transmission portion 31 and the connection portion 32 are respectively located at opposite sides of the connection shaft and rotatable relative to the connection shaft with the center of the connection shaft as a rotation axis.

In this technical solution, the transmission member 3 is connected to the first lock member 1 through the transmission portion 31, so that a fan-shaped gear ring can be disposed on the transmission portion 31, for example, as shown in fig. 6, the present application schematically shows that the transmission portion 31 has a fan-shaped structure, and the fan-shaped gear ring is disposed on the periphery of the transmission portion 31. One end of the transmission portion 31 near the connection portion 32 is mounted on the vehicle body through a connection shaft (not shown in the figure), and when the vehicle is in practice, a pivot hole 312 may be provided in the transmission portion 31, and the transmission portion is pivotally connected to the connection shaft through the pivot hole 312. The driving part 3 is connected with the driving assembly through the connecting part 32, and the driving part 31 and the connecting part 32 are respectively positioned at two opposite sides of the connecting shaft, so that the connecting part 32 can be used as a rotating arm structure for driving the driving part 31 to swing, compared with the driving part 31 which is directly connected with the driving part 31 to drive the driving part 31 to swing, the driving assembly indirectly drives the driving part 31 to swing through the connecting part 32, the rotating force arm is prolonged, the driving is more labor-saving, a larger space is provided for the assembly of the driving assembly and the driving part 3, and the installation is more convenient.

Further, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the driving assembly may include a rotating member 4 and a connecting rod 5, wherein the rotating member 4 can rotate around its central axis, one end of the connecting rod 5 is hinged to an eccentric position of the rotating member 4, and the other end is hinged to the connecting portion 32, and the rotating member 4 drives the driving member 3 to swing through the connecting rod 5 when rotating.

As can be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the rotation member 4 rotates 360 degrees around the central axis thereof, and the transmission member 3 is driven to swing through the connecting rod 5 during the rotation of the rotation member 4, so that the rotation member 4, the connecting rod 5 and the transmission member 3 together form a crank rocker type transmission mechanism, the rotation of the rotation member 4 is converted into the reciprocating swing of the transmission member 3 through the connecting rod 5, and the transmission is effective and reliable. In a preferred embodiment, the rotation of the rotating member 4 can be driven by a motor, the unlocking and locking of the battery pack can be realized by using an electric drive, the labor is liberated, the development of intelligent automatic power conversion is promoted, and the power conversion efficiency and the power conversion safety are improved.

As shown in fig. 1, the present application schematically shows an embodiment in which the rotating member 4 has a wheel-like structure, the structure is simple, the center of the rotating member 4 may be connected to a driving motor for driving the rotating member to rotate, and the outer circumference of the rotating member 4 may be hinged to the connecting rod 5. As an alternative embodiment, the rotating member may also be made to have a disc-like structure, for example, the rotating member may have a disc-like structure.

Regarding the mounting manner of the battery pack on the vehicle body, it includes, but is not limited to, the following embodiments:

example 1: as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the locking mechanism may further include a lock base 6, the lock base 6 has a horizontal opening, the opening may be located on one side or both sides of the lock base along the length direction of the vehicle body, the second lock member 2 may be inserted into the lock base 6 through the opening, and the top wall of the lock base 6 above is provided with a first lock hole 61 so that the first lock member 1 moves linearly in the vertical direction and goes in and out of the first lock hole to be engaged with or disengaged from the second lock member 2. In this embodiment, an embodiment is provided in which the first lock 1 moves vertically to lock or unlock the second lock 2, and the first lock 1 moves vertically, so that the space occupied in the horizontal direction of the vehicle body is small, which is beneficial to the structural arrangement in the horizontal direction of the vehicle body. The second locking piece 2 moves along the horizontal direction and enters the lock seat 6, so that the butt joint cooperation of the battery pack and the lock seat 6 is more convenient and quicker, the cooperation of the lock seat 6 and the second locking piece 2 gives the reliable bearing of the battery pack, the upper load limit of the locking mechanism can be further improved by increasing the cooperation area of the second locking piece 2 and the lock seat 6, and especially the locking mechanism can meet the bearing of the battery pack with the weight of ton.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 7, the second locking member 2 may be provided with a first locking groove 21 corresponding to the first locking hole 61, and the first locking member 1 passes through the first locking hole 61 downwards and is then inserted into the first locking groove 21 to realize locking with the second locking member 2, and during locking, the cooperation of the first locking member 1 and the first locking groove 21 limits the second locking member 2 to move horizontally and to be separated from the lock seat 6, so that locking is reliable and stable. In a preferred example, the opening of the lock seat 6 and/or the edge of the second lock 2 may be provided with a chamfer, by which guiding action the second lock 2 is inserted into the lock seat 6.

When the battery is concretely replaced, the battery can be loaded by the battery replacing trolley, the battery can be lifted to a preset height, then the second locking piece on the battery can be corresponding to the opening of the lock seat, the battery replacing trolley drives the battery to horizontally move, the second locking piece horizontally enters the lock seat and is loaded by the lock seat, then the first locking piece is driven by the transmission of the driving assembly and the transmission piece to vertically move downwards to penetrate through the first lock hole and then be inserted into the first lock groove to realize the locking fit of the first locking piece with the lock seat and the second locking piece, further, the locking of the locking mechanism to the battery can be realized, when the battery is required to be removed, the transmission of the driving assembly and the transmission piece drives the first locking piece to vertically move upwards to be pulled out from the first lock groove, then the locking mechanism is disengaged from the second locking piece, the battery is loaded by the battery replacing trolley to horizontally move, and the battery is driven by the battery replacing trolley to drop and be carried.

Example 2: the locking mechanism can further comprise a lock seat, the lock seat is provided with an opening in the horizontal direction, the opening is positioned on one side of the lock seat along the length direction of the vehicle body, the second lock piece can be inserted into the lock seat through the opening, and a second lock hole is formed in the side wall of the side, adjacent to or opposite to the opening, of the lock seat so that the first lock piece can move in a straight line in the horizontal direction and enter and exit the second lock hole to be matched with or released from the second lock piece. In this embodiment, an embodiment is provided in which the first locking member moves horizontally to lock or unlock the second locking member, which is different from the manner in which the first locking member 1 moves vertically in the foregoing embodiment 1, so that the first locking member moves horizontally, occupies a smaller space in the vertical direction of the vehicle body, and is beneficial to the structural arrangement in the vertical direction of the vehicle body.

Further, the second locking member may be provided with a second locking groove corresponding to the second locking hole, and the first locking member is inserted into the second locking groove after moving horizontally and passing through the second locking hole. When the battery is concretely replaced, the battery can be loaded by the battery replacing trolley, the battery is lifted to a preset height, then the second locking piece on the battery is enabled to correspond to the opening of the lock seat, the battery is driven to horizontally move by the battery replacing trolley, the second locking piece horizontally enters the lock seat and is loaded by the lock seat, then the first locking piece is driven to horizontally move along a first direction and pass through the second lock hole, and then the first locking piece is inserted into the second lock groove to realize locking fit of the first locking piece, the lock seat and the second locking piece, and further, the locking mechanism is used for locking the battery with the power shortage, and when the battery with the power shortage is required to be removed, the first locking piece is driven to horizontally move along the direction opposite to the first direction and is pulled out from the second lock groove through the transmission of the driving component, the locking mechanism is released from the lock seat, the unlocking of the battery with the power shortage is realized, the battery is loaded by the battery replacing trolley to horizontally move, and the battery with the power shortage is driven to fall and the battery with the power shortage is carried by the battery replacing trolley.

As a preferred embodiment, the foregoing embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 may further enable the lock base to be disposed at the bottom of the vehicle body longitudinal beam, and the battery pack may be horizontally moved below the vehicle body longitudinal beam to implement the cooperation between the second lock member and the lock base, so that the battery pack may be mounted below the longitudinal beam in a locked manner, and the full-power battery may be mounted below the longitudinal beam to implement chassis power conversion during power conversion, which has the following advantages: the battery pack is positioned below the longitudinal beam, so that the gravity center of the battery pack can be effectively reduced, the installation stability of the battery pack is improved, and the stability and safety of a vehicle are greatly improved; meanwhile, the structure is compact, the space utilization rate is high, and particularly, the space in the vertical direction of the vehicle body is high; in addition, through chassis trades the electricity, has reduced the trouble risk of trading the electric in-process, has improved the security to chassis trades the electric system area little, trades the power station low in popularization cost, and usable trading the electric dolly and realize the quick change of battery package below the automobile body.

As a preferred embodiment, both the foregoing embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 may further provide the first locking member with an elastic structure body at an end near the lock seat, where the elastic structure body has a first state protruding from the first locking member and a second state hidden in the first locking member, and when the first locking member and the second locking member are locked together, the elastic structure body is in the first state and cooperates with the inner wall of the lock seat to limit the first locking member to a state of cooperation with the second locking member, and when the first locking member is driven by the unlocking unit, the elastic structure body is forced to enter the second state so that the first locking member can be moved out to be disengaged from the second locking member.

Those skilled in the art can understand that, through setting up the elastic structure body at first latch, utilize the elastic structure body to realize the position restriction to first latch in the first state of protrusion in first latch and lock seat backstop cooperation, guarantee that first latch and lock seat and second latch reliably cooperate, especially in the electric vehicle reply complicated road conditions or emergency braking, sharp turn etc. make battery package and first latch take place under the circumstances that violent rocking or inertial movement easily, the elastic structure body still can guarantee the reliable locking of first latch to the battery package with the backstop spacing of lock seat. In a specific implementation, for example, in an embodiment in which the top wall of the lock seat 6 above is provided with the first lock hole 61 so that the first lock member 1 moves linearly in the vertical direction to be matched or released with the second lock member 2, as shown in fig. 2, 5 and 8, the elastic structure body 13 may be disposed in the lock portion 12, in the process of locking by moving the lock portion 12 linearly downward, the elastic structure body 13 is brought into the second state by the force of the lock seat 6 and slides in the first lock hole 61, as shown in fig. 2 and 8, when the elastic structure body 13 slides out of the first lock hole 61, the elastic structure body 13 automatically protrudes out of the lock portion 12 and is matched with the lock seat 6 in a blocking manner, the lock portion 12 is inserted into the first lock groove 21 of the second lock member 2, the lock portion 12 is prevented from moving upward by the stop of the elastic structure body 13 and the lock seat 6, in the unlocking process, the first lock member 1 is driven by the transmission member 3 to move upward, the elastic structure body 13 is again subjected to the force of the lock seat 6 and enters the second state, and slides in the first lock seat 6 in the first lock hole 61 and is separated from the lock portion 12 by the lock portion 12, and the lock portion 12 is compressed by the elastic structure body 12, and the lock bump is pushed by the lock portion 12 and the lock portion is pushed by the lock portion when the lock portion is pushed by the lock portion 12. Further, the first lock hole 61 may be provided with a convex structure, specifically, as shown in fig. 8, the upper portion of the first lock hole 61 may be provided toward the central protrusion to reduce the fit gap between the first lock hole 61 and the first lock 1, so as to prevent the first lock 1 from rocking left and right, while the lower portion of the first lock hole 61 forms an avoidance space for accommodating the elastic structure 13, and the elastic structure 13 may be in the first state in the avoidance space and abut against the convex structure of the first lock hole 61, so as to limit the upward movement of the first lock 1.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, each of the foregoing embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 may further have a connecting seat 7 and a limiting boss 14 disposed opposite to each other at an end of the first locking member 1 remote from the lock seat 6, the connecting seat 7 is fixed to the vehicle body, the first locking member 1 may be limited in the connecting seat 7 and move in a straight line, the limiting boss 14 and a portion of the first locking member 1 connected to the transmission member 3 are adjacent, and the first locking member 1 is further sleeved with an elastic member, and the elastic member is located between the connecting seat 7 and the limiting boss 14.

As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the limiting boss 14 and the portion of the first locking member 1 connected to the transmission member 3 are adjacent to each other, so that, on the basis that the first locking member 1 includes the second engaging portion 111 and the locking portion 12, the limiting boss 14 may be disposed at one end of the second engaging portion 111, and the limiting boss 14 and the locking portion 12 may be disposed at two ends of the second engaging portion 111, respectively. Can be fixed in the automobile body with connecting seat 7, connecting seat 7 be equipped with first latch fitting 1 sliding fit's guiding hole, through the rectilinear movement of guiding hole restriction first latch fitting 1, guarantee that first latch fitting 1 carries out rectilinear movement reliably and stably, avoid taking place the skew of other directions and appear blocking at locking or the in-process of unblock. An elastic piece is arranged between the limiting boss 14 and the connecting seat 7, and the position of the first locking piece 1 and the position of the second locking piece 2, which are unlocked, can be automatically reset to the position matched with the second locking piece 2 by utilizing the elastic piece. Taking the embodiment that the top wall of the lock seat 6 above is provided with the first lock hole 61 so that the first lock member 1 moves linearly in the vertical direction to be matched with or un-matched with the second lock member 2 as an example, when the transmission member 3 drives the first lock member 1 to move upwards to unlock, the elastic member can be utilized to drive the first lock member 1 to automatically move downwards to fall back, the elastic member is not shown, and in a preferred embodiment, the elastic member is a spring, and the spring is sleeved on the first lock member and clamped between the limiting boss 14 and the connecting seat 7.

The application provides an electric vehicle which comprises a vehicle body, a battery pack and a locking mechanism for quick replacement of the battery pack, wherein the locking mechanism is used for locking and unlocking the battery pack and the vehicle body. Specifically, can wholly locate the locking mechanism on the automobile body, realize the removable installation of battery package on the automobile body in order to realize the quick change of battery package through the locking of the first latch fitting of locking mechanism and the second latch fitting that sets up on the battery package.

It should be noted that, since the electric vehicle provided by the present application includes the locking mechanism for quick-changing the battery pack in any one of the embodiments and examples, the locking mechanism for quick-changing the battery pack has the beneficial effects that the electric vehicle provided by the present application includes, and is not described herein.

Further, it is possible to make the electric vehicle include a plurality of locking mechanisms, at least one locking mechanism being provided on each of opposite sides in the vehicle body width direction. In a preferred embodiment, the first locking member of at least one locking mechanism of the plurality of locking mechanisms is arranged on one of two longitudinal beams of the vehicle body, the first locking member of at least one other locking mechanism is arranged on the other longitudinal beam, and the two opposite sides of the battery pack are correspondingly provided with the plurality of second locking members, so that the battery pack is reliably fixed through one-to-one locking cooperation of the plurality of first locking members and the plurality of second locking members on the basis of realizing bottom power exchange.

The application can be realized by adopting or referring to the prior art at the places which are not described in the application.

In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and identical and similar parts of each embodiment are all referred to each other, and each embodiment mainly describes differences from other embodiments.

The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and variations of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the application are to be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A locking mechanism for battery pack quick change configured to be able to lock a battery pack to a body of an electric vehicle, the locking mechanism comprising:

the first locking piece is arranged on the vehicle body and is used for being matched with the second locking piece on the battery pack to lock and unlock the battery pack; and

the unlocking unit comprises a transmission piece and a driving assembly, wherein the transmission piece is at least partially connected with the first locking piece, and the driving assembly can drive the transmission piece to swing reciprocally around a rotation axis, so that the transmission piece drives the first locking piece to move along a straight line to be matched with or disengaged from the second locking piece.

2. The locking mechanism for quick change of a battery pack as set forth in claim 1, wherein,

the transmission piece is provided with a first meshing portion, the first locking piece comprises a transmission shaft and a locking portion connected with the end portion of the transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is provided with a second meshing portion, the first meshing portion is in meshing connection with the second meshing portion, and the locking portion is used for locking the battery pack.

3. The locking mechanism for quick change of a battery pack as set forth in claim 2, wherein,

the cross section area of the transmission shaft is larger than that of the locking part;

and/or the second meshing part is a rack extending along the axial direction of the transmission shaft, the first meshing part is a sector gear ring, and the first locking piece is in meshed connection with the transmission piece through the rack and the sector gear ring.

4. A locking mechanism for quick change of a battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 3,

the transmission part is connected with the first locking part, the transmission part is fixedly connected with the connecting part, one end, close to the connecting part, of the transmission part is installed on the vehicle body through a connecting shaft, and the transmission part and the connecting part are respectively located on two opposite sides of the connecting shaft and can rotate relative to the connecting shaft by taking the center of the connecting shaft as a rotating axis.

5. The locking mechanism for quick change of a battery pack as set forth in claim 4, wherein,

the driving assembly comprises a rotating piece and a connecting rod, wherein the rotating piece can rotate around the central axis of the rotating piece, one end of the connecting rod is hinged with an eccentric position of the rotating piece, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the connecting part, and the connecting rod drives the transmission piece to swing when the rotating piece rotates;

preferably, the rotating member is of a disc or wheel-like structure.

6. The locking mechanism for quick change of a battery pack as set forth in claim 1, wherein,

the locking mechanism further comprises a lock seat, the lock seat is provided with an opening in the horizontal direction, the second lock piece can be inserted into the lock seat through the opening, and the top wall of the lock seat above is provided with a first lock hole so that the first lock piece can linearly move in the vertical direction and enter and exit the first lock hole to be matched with or un-matched with the second lock piece; preferably, the second locking piece is provided with a first locking groove corresponding to the first locking hole, and the first locking piece passes through the first locking hole downwards and is inserted into the first locking groove to realize locking with the second locking piece.

7. The locking mechanism for quick change of a battery pack as set forth in claim 1, wherein,

the locking mechanism further comprises a lock seat, the lock seat is provided with an opening in the horizontal direction, the second lock piece can be inserted into the lock seat through the opening, and a second lock hole is formed in the side wall of one side, adjacent to or opposite to the opening, of the lock seat so that the first lock piece can move in a straight line in the horizontal direction and enter the second lock hole to be matched with or be disengaged from the second lock piece; preferably, the second locking piece is provided with a second locking groove corresponding to the second locking hole, and the first locking piece moves horizontally and passes through the second locking hole to be inserted into the second locking groove.

8. The locking mechanism for quick change of a battery pack according to claim 6 or 7, wherein,

the first locking piece is provided with an elastic structure body at one end close to the locking seat, the elastic structure body is provided with a first state protruding out of the first locking piece and a second state hidden in the first locking piece, when the first locking piece is locked with the second locking piece in a matched mode, the elastic structure body is in the first state and is matched with an inner wall stop of the locking seat to limit the first locking piece to be in a matched state with the second locking piece, and when the first locking piece is driven by the unlocking unit, the elastic structure body is stressed to enter the second state so that the first locking piece can be moved out to be unlocked from the second locking piece;

or, first latch fitting is in keeping away from the connecting seat and the spacing boss that the one end of lock seat was equipped with relative setting, the connecting seat is fixed in on the automobile body, first latch fitting can be limited in the connecting seat and along rectilinear movement, spacing boss with on the first latch fitting with the part that the driving medium links to each other is adjacent, first latch fitting still overlaps and is equipped with the elastic component, the elastic component is located the connecting seat with between the spacing boss.

9. An electric vehicle comprising a vehicle body, a battery pack, and a locking mechanism for quick-change of the battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 8 for locking and unlocking the battery pack with the vehicle body.

10. The electric vehicle of claim 9, characterized in that,

the electric vehicle includes a plurality of the locking mechanisms, and both opposite sides in the vehicle body width direction are provided with at least one of the locking mechanisms.