CN220009418U - Locking mechanism and electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a locking mechanism and an electric vehicle, wherein the locking mechanism is configured to lock a battery pack on the electric vehicle and comprises a locking piece and a locking seat, the locking piece is provided with a pivot shaft and a locking part, the locking seat is provided with a locking slide way, and the locking seat can rotate relative to the pivot shaft and enables the locking part to rotate in the locking slide way to a locking state. The locking mechanism provided by the utility model has the advantages of simple and light structure, convenience in operation and low cost under the condition of meeting the use requirement of the electric vehicle, is favorable for popularization and use of quick power change of the electric vehicle, can also realize power change of the chassis, effectively reduces the gravity center of the battery pack locked behind the electric vehicle, increases the installation stability of the battery pack, greatly improves the stability and safety of the vehicle, has high space utilization rate, reduces the failure risk in the power change process, improves the safety, and has small occupied area of a chassis power change system and low popularization cost of a power change station.

Description

Locking mechanism and electric vehicle

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of electric vehicles, in particular to a locking mechanism and an electric vehicle.

Background

The electric vehicle has the advantages of zero emission, low noise, high operation and maintenance cost performance and the like, and is increasingly favored by users. The energy used by the electric vehicle is the electric energy provided by a battery pack carried by the electric vehicle, and the electric vehicle needs to be charged after the electric energy is used up. The battery pack of an electric vehicle is generally configured in a fixed type and a replaceable type, wherein the fixed type battery pack is generally fixed on the vehicle, and the vehicle is directly used as a charging object during charging. The battery pack can be quickly taken down to be independently replaced, namely, the battery which is pre-charged can be directly arranged on the vehicle, and the detached battery which is full of electricity can be independently charged to be arranged on the vehicle which is charged in a follow-up mode, so that the vehicle can be replaced with the full-charged battery in a very short time to quickly complete continuous voyage and energy supplement. Particularly, for heavy trucks, due to the structure, loading requirements and the like of the heavy truck, a large battery with large capacity is often arranged on the heavy truck, and the charging time of the large battery is longer, so that the power change mode for the heavy truck is more convenient to supplement energy. In a heavy truck with power change, a battery pack needs to be fixed by adopting a locking mechanism, and when power change is needed, the battery pack needs to be fixed by adopting the locking mechanism.

The battery package of interchangeable, all generally fix the top at the automobile body longeron, utilize the longeron to realize the supporting role to the battery package, because the automobile body longeron is higher on electric vehicle's the position relatively ground, battery package weight is heavier moreover, make the focus of battery package higher, stability relative to the vehicle is relatively poor, thereby influence the security that the vehicle was driven, and occupy the great space in driver rear, experience is relatively poor to the driving of driver, in addition, because the battery package sets up in the longeron top, only can change the battery package through hoisting structure, and adopt hoisting structure, the whole building of power conversion station is higher, area is big, the maintenance cost is high and the security is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a locking mechanism and an electric vehicle, which enable a battery pack to be installed on a vehicle body from bottom to top, so as to solve the problems of safety, stability and the like caused by the fact that the electric vehicle adopts a hoisting mode to install the battery pack.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:

a locking mechanism configured to be able to lock a battery pack on an electric vehicle, the locking mechanism including a lock piece having a pivot shaft and a lock portion, and a lock seat provided with a lock slide, the lock seat being rotatable relative to the pivot shaft and causing the lock portion to rotate in the lock slide to a locked state.

In the technical scheme, the locking mechanism can lock the battery pack on the electric vehicle, and comprises the locking piece and the locking seat, and the locking part can be locked in the locking slideway to lock the locking piece and the locking seat. One of the locking piece and the locking seat is arranged on the battery pack, and the other is arranged on the body of the electric vehicle, so that the battery pack can be detachably arranged on the body through quick locking between the locking piece and the locking seat. In the electric vehicle power change process of the locking mechanism provided by the utility model, the locking can be realized only by driving the lock seat and the locking piece to relatively rotate along one direction after alignment and relatively rotate along the other opposite direction, so that the locking can be unlocked, and the installation locking of the quick-change battery pack of the electric vehicle is easily realized. In the preferred embodiment, still can install one of them at the bottom of automobile body longeron with locking piece and lock seat, another is installed at the top of battery package, make battery package locking installation in the longeron below through the locking of locking piece and lock seat, realize that the chassis trades the electricity, the battery package is in the below of longeron, can effectively reduce the focus of battery package, increase the installation stability of battery package, make the vehicle stationarity, the security have great promotion, and simultaneously, the steam generator is compact in structure, space utilization is high, especially the space on the automobile body vertical direction, in addition, through chassis trades the electricity, the fault risk in the change process has been reduced, the security has been improved, and chassis trades the electric system area is little, the power conversion station low in popularization cost, usable trading the electric dolly and realizing the quick change of battery package below the automobile body.

Preferably, the lock seat is provided with an opening which is communicated with the locking slide way, the opening is arranged along the radial extension of the lock seat for the pivot shaft and the locking part to enter and enable the pivot shaft to pivot in the opening so that the locking part can enter the locking slide way through the opening, and the orientation of the opening and the extension direction of the locking slide way are arranged in an included angle.

According to the technical scheme, the lock seat is provided with the opening communicated with the locking slide way, the pivot shaft of the locking piece can pivot in the opening, the locking part can enter the locking slide way through the opening, the lock seat can be quickly aligned with the locking piece only by enabling the lock seat to linearly move along one direction, and when the pivot shaft is pivotally matched with the opening in place, the locking part enters the locking slide way and then the lock seat and the locking piece are relatively rotated, so that locking can be realized. In addition, the orientation of opening is the contained angle with the extending direction of locking slide and arranges, has increased the degree of difficulty that locking portion deviate from in the locking slide, can prevent locking mechanism spontaneous unlocking as far as possible.

Preferably, the locking part is connected to the side part of the pivot shaft, the cross-sectional diameter of the pivot shaft is larger than that of the locking part, the inner diameter of the first area, into which the pivot shaft enters, of the opening is enlarged to form an expansion area, and the inner diameter of the expansion area corresponds to the cross-sectional diameter of the pivot shaft so that the pivot shaft pivots in the expansion area.

In the technical scheme, the inner diameter of the first area of the opening is enlarged to form an expansion area matched with the section diameter of the pivot shaft, the pivot shaft is pivoted in the expansion area, the expansion area can also limit the radial movement of the pivot shaft, the battery pack is prevented from shaking relative to the vehicle body in the running process of the electric vehicle, the locking part is prevented from moving to enable the locking part to be separated from the locking slideway due to the radial movement of the pivot shaft, and the locking reliability is ensured.

Preferably, the end of the pivot shaft is provided with a guide inclined surface or a guide arc surface, and the pivot shaft is inserted into the expansion area through the guide inclined surface or the guide arc surface.

In this technical scheme, the tip of pivot axle sets up direction inclined plane or direction arcwall face, utilizes the guide effect of direction inclined plane or direction arcwall face, and the pivot axle can easily insert in the expansion zone, avoids lock seat and locking piece to counterpoint in-process to have the position deviation to lead to the pivot axle unable accurate insert in the expansion zone and influence the conversion efficiency.

Preferably, the pivot shaft extends along a vertical direction, the lock seat is in a columnar structure, the locking slide rail extends along the circumferential direction of the lock seat, and the pivot shaft can extend into the opening to enable the lock seat to pivot relative to the pivot shaft so as to drive the locking part to be matched with the locking slide rail.

In the technical scheme, the pivot shaft extends along the vertical direction, the lock seat and the locking piece relatively move along the vertical direction to realize alignment matching, and after the opening is pivoted and matched with the pivot shaft in place, the locking part can slide and lock along the locking slide way which is arranged along the circumferential extension of the lock seat by rotating the lock seat. The pivot axle can be fixed to be set up in the automobile body bottom, and the lock seat activity sets up on the battery package, realizes that the battery package passes through the mode of straight up and down and the cooperation of automobile body longeron, and the battery package makes the opening of lock seat and the pivot axle counterpoint of vertical extension to rotatory lock seat can realize locking in vertical upward moving below the chassis.

Preferably, the locking slide way comprises a rotary guide section connected with the opening and an anti-reversion concave area connected with the tail end of the rotary guide section, and the locking part rotates into the anti-reversion concave area along the rotary guide section to form an anti-reversion state.

In this technical scheme, through the cooperation of messenger's locking portion and anti-reverse sunken district when rotating to the terminal along locking slide way and form anti-reverse state, anti-reverse sunken district restriction lock seat gyration provides resistance for lock seat gyration, avoids causing the automatic gyration unblock of lock seat owing to jolt vibration or limit driving condition in the car operation in-process, has improved the reliability of locking mechanism and the stability of battery package under the locking state.

Preferably, the locking slideway spirally rises or horizontally extends along the periphery of the lock seat from the inlet end of the rotary guide section to the anti-reversion recessed area.

In this technical scheme, through making the spiral of locking slide way rise, when making the lock seat to fall back, both take place reverse rotation, take place axial displacement again, can further promote the anti-rotation ability of lock seat, further improve locking reliability of locking mechanism.

Preferably, the locking mechanism further comprises an elastic member and a movable slider, the pivot shaft slidably penetrates through the movable slider, and the elastic member is connected between the vehicle body and the movable slider to drive the movable slider to prop against the lock seat, so that the lock seat is limited at a position where the locking portion is matched with the anti-reversion concave area.

In the technical scheme, the elastic piece provides a pretightening force to drive the movable sliding block to prop against the lock seat, the position of the lock seat after locking and matching is limited, the position of the lock seat enables the locking part to reliably match with the anti-reversion concave area, and spontaneous rotary unlocking of the lock seat is limited. Moreover, the elastic piece can also provide an elastic buffering effect for the lock seat, reduce vibration, reduce rigidity and prolong service life.

Preferably, one end of the locking part is connected to the side part of the pivot shaft, and the other end of the locking part is slidably arranged through the movable sliding block.

In the technical scheme, the locking part is connected with the pivot shaft, so that the movable sliding block can be conveniently driven to be locked with the locking slide way when the pivot shaft rotates, and the movable sliding block can be limited, so that the movable sliding block is prevented from moving downwards to be separated from the pivot shaft.

Preferably, the locking piece is provided with two locking parts, and the two locking parts are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the pivot shaft.

In this technical scheme, through respectively setting up a locking portion in the both sides of pivot axle, compare in a locking portion and locking slide way cooperation, help promoting the cooperation intensity, further promote locking mechanism to the locking reliability of quick change battery package.

The utility model provides an electric vehicle, which comprises a vehicle body, a battery pack and a locking mechanism, wherein the locking mechanism is used for locking and unlocking the battery pack and the vehicle body.

In this technical scheme, adopt above-mentioned structure, easily realized the installation locking of electric vehicle quick change battery package, under the circumstances that satisfies electric vehicle and use, simple structure is light and handy, convenient operation, low cost are favorable to the popularization and use of vehicle quick change.

Preferably, the vehicle bottom is provided with a positioning seat, the locking piece is fixed on the positioning seat, and the locking seat is movably arranged on the battery pack so as to have a first position and a second position below the first position, wherein: in the first position, the lock seat can rotate relative to the battery pack to be matched with the locking piece; in the second position, the battery pack restricts rotation of the lock base.

In the technical scheme, when the lock seat is lifted to the first position, the lock seat can rotate to realize locking or unlocking with the locking piece, after unlocking, the locking falls to the second position, and the lock seat is limited to rotate at the second position, so that the lock seat can be prevented from rotating wantonly in the battery pack, and when the battery pack is locked again, the lock seat is rotated to a position which can be aligned and matched with the locking piece without applying extra attention, so that the lock seat and the locking piece can be matched with each other in a rapid locking manner.

Preferably, the positioning seat comprises a positioning part extending horizontally and a limiting part connected with the positioning part and extending downwards, the locking piece is fixed below the positioning part, the limiting part is of an elastic structure, and the limiting part abuts against the battery pack to limit the battery pack to move upwards when the locking piece is matched with the locking seat to lock the battery pack.

In this technical scheme, through making spacing portion be elastic structure, when trading the electric in-process, with full electric battery package locking, the battery package is more can be installed more tightly under the elasticity butt effect of spacing portion by the position that locks more, and spacing portion still can restrict the battery package and upwards move moreover, avoids the removal of battery package to lead to the lock seat to be in the second position to avoid rocking of battery package to drive the lock seat rotation and unblock.

Preferably, the battery pack is provided with a rotating hole, two spacing protruding parts are arranged in the rotating hole at intervals, the two spacing protruding parts are used for limiting the movable space of the lock seat in the first position and the second position, the periphery of the lock seat is provided with a matching surface, a spacing surface is arranged in the rotating hole, and the matching surface is in spacing fit with the spacing surface to limit the lock seat to rotate.

In this technical scheme, be equipped with the spacing convex part that two intervals set up in the commentaries on classics hole, limit out the lock seat between two spacing convex parts and be in the activity space of first position and second position guarantees the installation stability of lock seat on the battery package, avoids the lock seat to lose. The limiting convex part positioned on the upper side is also used as a main bearing structure of the lock seat hanging battery pack, and can reliably support the battery pack.

By adopting the technical scheme, the utility model has the following technical effects: the locking mechanism can lock the battery pack on the electric vehicle, the locking mechanism comprises a locking piece and a locking seat, and the locking part can be locked in the locking slideway to lock the locking piece and the locking seat. One of the locking piece and the locking seat can be arranged on the battery pack, and the other one of the locking piece and the locking seat is arranged on the body of the electric vehicle, so that the battery pack can be detachably arranged on the body through quick locking between the locking piece and the locking seat. In the electric vehicle power change process of the locking mechanism provided by the utility model, the locking can be realized only by driving the lock seat and the locking piece to relatively rotate along one direction after alignment and relatively rotate along the other opposite direction, so that the locking can be unlocked, and the installation locking of the quick-change battery pack of the electric vehicle is easily realized. In the preferred embodiment, still can install one of them at the bottom of automobile body longeron with locking piece and lock seat, another installs at the top of battery package, make battery package locking installation in the longeron below through the locking of locking piece and lock seat, realize that the chassis trades the electricity, the battery package is in the below of longeron, can effectively reduce the focus of battery package, increase the installation stability of battery package, stability, promote a great space to vehicle stability, the security, simultaneously, compact structure, space utilization is high, especially the space on the automobile body vertical direction, in addition, through chassis trades the electricity, the fault risk in the change process has been reduced, the security has been improved, and chassis trades the electric system area is little, the low in popularization cost of trading the power station, usable trading the electric dolly and realizing the quick change of battery package below the automobile body.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model and do not constitute a limitation on the utility model. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a locking mechanism according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a locking member according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a lock base under a view angle according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a lock base according to another embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a locking mechanism according to a second embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a locking mechanism for locking a battery pack to a positioning seat of a vehicle body according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the structure shown in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a battery pack and a lock base according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a locking mechanism and a positioning seat according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Reference numerals:

the novel automobile comprises a locking piece 1, a pivoting shaft 11, a guiding arc-shaped surface 111, a locking part 12, a locking seat 2, a locking slideway 21, a 211 rotary guiding section 212, an anti-reverse concave area 22, an opening 221, an expansion area 23, a matching surface 3, an elastic piece 4, a movable sliding block 5, a battery pack 51, a limiting convex part 52, a limiting surface 6, a positioning seat 61, a positioning part 62 and an automobile body 7.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly illustrate the general inventive concept, a detailed description is given below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present utility model, however, the present utility model may be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and therefore the scope of the present utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

In the present utility model, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; the device can be mechanically connected, electrically connected and communicated; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In the present utility model, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present utility model. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

In the embodiments of the present utility model, a locking mechanism is provided, and for convenience of explanation and understanding, the following description is provided based on the structure of the illustrated product. It will of course be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above-described construction is provided as a specific example and illustrative only and is not intended to constitute a specific limitation on the scope of the utility model. In addition, although the drawings are not shown, the utility model also provides an electric vehicle, which can be a commercial vehicle such as a heavy truck, a light truck and the like, and can be other electric vehicle types.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present utility model provides a locking mechanism configured to be able to lock a battery pack on an electric vehicle, the locking mechanism including a locking member 1 and a lock base 2, wherein the locking member 1 has a pivot shaft 11 and a locking portion 12, the lock base 2 is provided with a locking slide 21, and the lock base 2 is rotatable relative to the pivot shaft 11 and causes the locking portion 12 to rotate in the locking slide 21 to a locked state. Fig. 1 shows the locking element 1 and the locking seat 2 in the locked state.

According to the utility model, the battery pack can be locked on the electric vehicle by the locking mechanism, so that the battery pack and the vehicle body can be ensured to be stably connected in the moving process of the vehicle. The locking mechanism comprises a locking piece 1 and a locking seat 2, and the locking part 12 can be locked in the locking slideway 21 to lock the locking piece 1 and the locking seat 2, so that the locking mechanism is simple in structure, convenient and quick to operate, low in cost and convenient to lock the locking piece 1 and the locking seat 2. Further, one of the locking member 1 and the lock base 2 may be mounted on the battery pack, and the other may be mounted on the body of the electric vehicle, and the detachable mounting of the battery pack on the body may be achieved by the locking of the locking member 1 and the lock base 2. In the electric vehicle power change process of the locking mechanism provided by the utility model, the locking can be realized only by driving the lock seat 2 and the locking piece 1 to relatively rotate along one direction after being aligned, and the locking can be realized by relatively rotating along the opposite other direction, so that the installation locking of the quick-change battery pack of the electric vehicle is easily realized. In the preferred embodiment, one of the locking piece 1 and the locking seat 2 can be installed at the bottom of a longitudinal beam of a vehicle body, the other one of the locking piece 1 and the locking seat 2 is installed at the top of a battery pack, the battery pack is locked and installed below the longitudinal beam through locking of the locking piece 1 and the locking seat 2, as shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the locking piece 1 installed at the bottom of the vehicle body 7 is schematically shown, chassis power conversion is realized, the battery pack is positioned below the longitudinal beam, the center of gravity of the battery pack can be effectively reduced, the installation stability of the battery pack is improved, the stability and the safety of the vehicle are improved greatly, meanwhile, the structure is compact, the space utilization rate is high, particularly the space in the vertical direction of the vehicle body is improved, in addition, the fault risk in the power conversion process is reduced through chassis power conversion, the safety is improved, the floor area of a chassis power conversion system is small, the popularization cost of a power conversion station is low, and the battery pack can be quickly replaced below the vehicle body by using the power conversion trolley.

The present utility model is not limited to an actuator for locking the lock mechanism, and the lock 1 may be an actuator or the lock holder 2 may be an actuator. When the locking piece 1 is an executing mechanism, the locking piece 1 can be movably arranged on one of a vehicle body and a battery pack, the lock seat 2 is fixedly arranged on the other, and the locking or unlocking with the lock seat 2 is realized by rotating the locking piece 1; when the lock seat 2 is an executing mechanism, the lock seat 2 can be movably arranged on one of the vehicle body and the battery pack, the locking piece 1 is fixedly arranged on the other, and the locking or unlocking with the locking piece 1 is realized by rotating the lock seat 2.

As to the specific construction and the form of fit of the lock base 2 and the lock member 1, as a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 3, the lock base 2 may be provided with an opening 22 penetrating the lock slide 21, the opening 22 being provided in a radial extension of the lock base 2 for the pivot shaft 11 and the lock portion 12 to enter and the pivot shaft 11 to pivot in the opening 22 so that the lock portion 12 can enter the lock slide 21 through the opening 22, the orientation of the opening 22 being arranged at an angle to the extending direction of the lock slide 21.

As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the lock base 2 is provided with an opening 22 that is communicated with the locking slide way 21, the pivot shaft 11 of the locking member 1 can pivot in the opening 22, the locking portion 12 can enter the locking slide way 21 through the opening 22, the lock base 2 and the locking member 1 can be quickly aligned only by linearly moving the lock base 2 along a direction, and when the pivot shaft 11 and the opening 22 are pivotally matched in place, the locking portion 12 enters the locking slide way 21, and then the lock base 2 and the locking member 1 are relatively rotated, so that locking can be realized. In addition, the orientation of the opening 22 is arranged at an angle to the extending direction of the locking slide 21, so that the direction of the locking part 12 entering the locking slide 21 through the opening 22 is different from the rotating direction in the locking slide 21, the difficulty of the locking part 12 falling out of the locking slide 21 is increased, and the locking mechanism can be prevented from being spontaneously unlocked as much as possible.

As a preferred example of the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the locking portion 12 may be connected to the side portion of the pivot shaft 11, the pivot shaft 11 may have a larger cross-sectional diameter than the locking portion 12, the opening 22 may have an expanded area 221 formed by expanding the inner diameter of the first area into which the pivot shaft 11 enters, and the expanded area 221 may have an inner diameter corresponding to the cross-sectional diameter of the pivot shaft 11 such that the pivot shaft 11 pivots within the expanded area 221.

The present utility model schematically illustrates that the inner diameter of the end portion of the lock base 2 is enlarged to form an expansion area 221, the expansion area 221 is pivotally connected to the pivot shaft 11, and the portions of the two sides of the expansion area 221, which are not subjected to the inner diameter enlarging treatment, are provided for the locking portion 12 to pass through and enter the locking slide 21. Therefore, the expansion area 221 can not only allow the pivot shaft 11 to rotate in the expansion area, but also limit the radial movement of the pivot shaft 11, so as to prevent the battery pack from shaking relative to the vehicle body during the running process of the electric vehicle, and prevent the locking portion 12 from disengaging from the locking slide way 21 due to the movement of the locking portion 12 driven by the radial movement of the pivot shaft 11, so that the reliability of the locking fit of the locking portion 12 and the locking slide way 21 is ensured, and the stability of the locking of the battery pack is further ensured.

In another embodiment, the end of the pivot shaft 11 may be provided with a guide inclined surface or a guide arc surface, through which the pivot shaft 11 is inserted into the expansion zone 221. As shown in fig. 2, the present utility model schematically illustrates an embodiment in which the end of the pivot shaft 11 is provided with a guiding arcuate surface 111, and the pivot shaft 11 can be easily inserted into the expansion area 221 by using the guiding action of the guiding arcuate surface 111, so as to avoid the influence on the power conversion efficiency caused by the fact that the pivot shaft 11 cannot be accurately inserted into the expansion area 221 due to the position deviation in the aligning process of the lock base 2 and the locking member 1.

As a preferred example of this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the pivot shaft 11 may extend in a vertical direction, the lock base 2 has a columnar structure, the locking slide 21 extends along a circumferential direction of the lock base 2, and the pivot shaft 11 may extend into the opening 22 so that the lock base 2 pivots relative to the pivot shaft 11 to drive the locking portion 12 to cooperate with the locking slide 21.

As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the pivot shaft 11 extends in a vertical direction, and the lock base 2 and the locking member 1 move relatively in the vertical direction to achieve alignment, so that after the opening 22 is pivotally aligned with the pivot shaft 11, the locking portion 12 can be slidably locked along the locking slide way 21 extending in the circumferential direction of the lock base 2 by rotating the lock base 2. In the preferred mode, one end of the pivot shaft 11 can be fixedly arranged at the bottom of the car body longitudinal beam, the other end of the pivot shaft extends vertically downwards, the lock seat 2 is movably arranged on the battery pack, the battery pack is matched with the car body longitudinal beam in a straight up-down mode, namely, the battery pack moves vertically upwards below the chassis to enable the opening 22 of the lock seat 2 to be aligned with the vertically extending pivot shaft 11, and the lock seat 2 is rotated to realize locking.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, the locking slide 21 may include a rotation guide section 211 connected to the opening 22 and an anti-reverse recess 212 engaged at the end of the rotation guide section 211, and the locking portion 12 is rotated along the rotation guide section 211 into the anti-reverse recess 212 to form an anti-reverse state.

By adopting the structure, the locking part 12 is matched with the anti-reversion sunken area 212 to form an anti-reversion state when rotating to the tail end along the locking slideway 21, the anti-reversion sunken area 212 and the locking part 12 form a limiting fit to limit the rotation of the lock seat 2, so that resistance is provided for the rotation of the lock seat 2, the automatic rotation unlocking of the lock seat 2 caused by jolt vibration or critical running conditions such as sudden braking, sharp turning and the like in the running process of the automobile is avoided, and the reliability of the locking mechanism and the stability of the battery pack in the locking state are improved.

Regarding the manner in which the lock slide 21 extends in the circumferential direction of the lock base 2, in a specific example, the lock slide may be made to extend horizontally along the outer periphery of the lock base from the inlet end of the rotation guide section to the anti-reverse recessed area, and during the locking process, the lock portion rotates on the horizontal plane along the lock slide when the lock base is rotated. In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the locking slide 21 may also be spirally raised along the outer circumference of the lock base 2 from the inlet end of the rotation guide section 211 to the anti-reverse recess 212. By spirally lifting the lock slide 21, when the lock base 2 is retracted, both reverse rotation and axial movement are required, and therefore, a limiting structure can be provided to limit the reverse rotation and axial movement of the lock base 2 to prevent the lock base 2 from rotating, so that the anti-rotation capability of the lock base 2 can be further improved, and the locking reliability of the locking mechanism can be further improved.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, 4 and 5, the locking member 1 may further include an elastic member 3 and a movable slider 4, where the pivot shaft 11 slidably penetrates the movable slider 4, and the elastic member 3 is connected between the vehicle body and the movable slider 4 to urge the movable slider 4 against the lock base 2, so as to limit the lock base 2 to a position where the locking portion 12 is engaged with the anti-reverse recess 212.

As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the elastic member 3 provides a pre-tightening force to urge the movable slider 4 against the lock base 2 to define a position of the lock base 2 after locking engagement, and the position of the lock base 2 enables the locking portion 12 to reliably engage with the anti-reverse recess 212 to limit spontaneous rotation unlocking of the lock base 2. In addition, the elastic piece 3 can also provide an elastic buffering effect for the lock seat 2, reduce vibration, reduce rigidity and prolong service life. When the lock seat 2 and the locking piece 1 are aligned and rotate relatively, the lock seat 2 abuts against the movable sliding block 4 and compresses the elastic piece 3 until the locking portion 12 is matched with the anti-reversion concave area 212, the lock seat 2 is clamped between the locking portion 12 and the movable sliding block 4, and the lock seat 2 is limited to rotate. Preferably, the elastic member 3 may be a spring, which may be sleeved outside the pivot shaft 11.

Further, as shown in fig. 5, one end of the locking portion 12 may be connected to a side portion of the pivot shaft 11, and the other end may be slidably disposed through the movable slider 4. The locking part 12 is connected with the pivot shaft 11, so that the rotation of the pivot shaft 11 can be conveniently driven to be locked with the locking slide way 21, and the movable slide block 4 can be limited, so that the movable slide block 4 is prevented from moving downwards to be separated from the pivot shaft 11. Preferably, a spring can be sleeved on the locking part 12, and the spring sleeved on the locking part 12 and the spring sleeved on the pivot shaft 11 provide elastic pre-tightening force for the movable sliding block 4, so that the rotation of the lock seat 2 is well limited.

As a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, all of the foregoing embodiments and examples of the present utility model may be such that the locking member 1 is provided with two locking portions 12, the two locking portions 12 being symmetrically arranged on both sides of the pivot shaft 11. In this technology, two locking slide ways 21 arranged in a central symmetry manner may be provided on both sides of the lock base 2, and the two locking slide ways 21 are in one-to-one correspondence with the two locking portions 12. By providing one locking portion 12 on each side of the pivot shaft 11, the locking reliability of the locking mechanism to the quick-change battery pack is further improved compared with the case where one locking portion 12 is matched with the locking slide way 21.

An electric vehicle according to the present utility model, as shown in fig. 6, includes a vehicle body, a battery pack 5, and a locking mechanism as described above for locking and unlocking the battery pack 5 to the vehicle body. Specifically, one of the locking member 1 and the lock base 2 may be mounted on the battery pack 5, and the other may be mounted on the vehicle body, and the detachable mounting of the battery pack 5 on the vehicle body may be achieved by the locking of the locking member 1 and the lock base 2 to achieve quick replacement of the battery pack 5. In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of locking members may be respectively disposed at bottoms of two longitudinal beams of the vehicle body, and a plurality of locking seats may be disposed at tops of the battery pack correspondingly, and the battery pack may be reliably fixed by locking cooperation of the plurality of locking seats and the locking members. When the power is specifically replaced, the power shortage battery can be supported in advance through the power replacing trolley, then the lock seat is rotated to enable the lock seat to rotate relative to the pivot shaft of the locking piece, the locking portion is separated from the locking sliding channel, the lock seat is unlocked with the locking piece, the power shortage battery can be removed from the lower portion of the longitudinal beam through the power replacing trolley after being removed, the power shortage battery is removed, then the power shortage battery can be removed to the lower portion of the longitudinal beam through the power replacing trolley, the lock seat on the power shortage battery is enabled to be accurately aligned with the locking piece at the bottom of the longitudinal beam, and then the locking portion is enabled to slide into the locking sliding channel through the rotation of the lock seat, so that locking installation of the power shortage battery is completed.

It should be noted that, since the electric vehicle provided by the present utility model includes the locking mechanism in any one of the foregoing embodiments and examples, the locking mechanism has the beneficial effects that the electric vehicle provided by the present utility model includes, and is not described herein.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the underbody is provided with a positioning seat 6, the locking member 1 is fixed to the positioning seat 6, and the locking seat 2 is movably provided to the battery pack 5 to have a first position and a second position below the first position, wherein: in the first position, the lock base 2 is rotatable relative to the battery pack 5 to be able to cooperate with the locking member 1; in the second position, the battery pack 5 restricts rotation of the lock base 2.

As can be appreciated by those skilled in the art, as shown in fig. 7, when the lock base 2 is lifted to the first position, the lock base 2 can rotate to lock or unlock the locking member 1, after unlocking, as shown in fig. 8, the lock base 2 falls to the second position, and the lock base 2 is limited to rotate in the second position, so that the lock base 2 can be prevented from rotating in the battery pack 5, and when the battery pack 5 is mounted on the vehicle body in a locked manner, the lock base 2 can rotate to a position capable of being aligned with the locking member 1 without applying extra attention, so that the lock base 2 can be in rapid locking engagement with the locking member 1.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6 and 9, the positioning seat 6 may include a positioning portion 61 extending horizontally and a limiting portion 62 connected to the positioning portion 61 and extending downward, where the locking member 1 is fixed below the positioning portion 61, and the limiting portion 62 has an elastic structure, and the locking member 1 cooperates with the locking seat 2 to implement that the locking limiting portion 62 of the battery pack 5 abuts against the battery pack 5 to limit the upward movement of the battery pack 5.

It can be appreciated by those skilled in the art that by making the limiting portion 62 an elastic structure, when the full-power battery pack is locked in the power exchange process, the more the battery pack is locked, the more tightly the battery pack can be installed under the elastic abutting action of the limiting portion 62, and the limiting portion 62 can also limit the battery pack 5 to move upwards, so that the lock seat 2 is prevented from being in the second position due to the upward movement of the battery pack 5, and the shaking of the battery pack 5 is prevented from driving the lock seat 2 to rotate to unlock.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 8 to 10, the battery pack 5 may be provided with a rotation hole, two spacing protruding portions 51 disposed at intervals are disposed in the rotation hole, a movable space of the lock base 2 in the first position and the second position is defined between the two spacing protruding portions 51, the periphery of the lock base 2 is provided with a mating surface 23, a spacing surface 52 is disposed in the rotation hole, and in the second position, the mating surface 23 is in spacing fit with the spacing surface 52 to limit the lock base 2 to rotate.

In this technical scheme, be equipped with the spacing convex part 51 that two intervals set up in the commentaries on classics hole, two spacing convex parts 51 set up from top to bottom to prescribe a limit to the movable space of lock seat 2 in first position and second position between the two, guarantee the installation stability of lock seat 2 on battery package 5, avoid lock seat 2 to lose. The limiting protrusion 51 located at the upper side is also used as a main bearing structure for hanging the battery pack 5 by the lock base 2, so that reliable support can be formed for the battery pack 5. In practice, the upper portion of the lock base 2 may be penetrated from the space between the two limit protrusions 51 and provided with the locking slide way 21 so as to be in locking engagement with the locking member 1, and the lower portion of the lock base 2 may be defined between the two limit protrusions 51 and provided with the engagement surface 23.

The utility model can be realized by adopting or referring to the prior art at the places which are not described in the utility model.

In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and identical and similar parts of each embodiment are all referred to each other, and each embodiment mainly describes differences from other embodiments.

The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Various modifications and variations of the present utility model will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the utility model are to be included in the scope of the claims of the present utility model.

Claims (14)

1. A locking mechanism configured to be able to lock a battery pack to an electric vehicle, the locking mechanism comprising:

a locking member having a pivot shaft and a locking portion; and

the lock seat is provided with a locking slide way, and can rotate relative to the pivot shaft and enable the locking part to rotate to a locking state in the locking slide way.

2. The locking mechanism of claim 1, wherein,

the lock seat is provided with an opening communicated with the locking slide way, the opening is arranged along the radial extension of the lock seat for the pivot shaft to enter the locking part and the pivot shaft to pivot in the opening so that the locking part can enter the locking slide way through the opening, and the orientation of the opening is arranged at an included angle with the extension direction of the locking slide way.

3. The locking mechanism of claim 2, wherein,

the locking part is connected to the side part of the pivot shaft, the section diameter of the pivot shaft is larger than that of the locking part, the inner diameter of a first area, into which the pivot shaft enters, of the opening is enlarged to form an expansion area, and the inner diameter of the expansion area corresponds to the section diameter of the pivot shaft so that the pivot shaft can pivot in the expansion area.

4. The locking mechanism of claim 3, wherein,

the end part of the pivot shaft is provided with a guide inclined plane or a guide arc-shaped surface, and the pivot shaft is inserted into the expansion area through the guide inclined plane or the guide arc-shaped surface.

5. The locking mechanism of claim 2, wherein,

the pivot shaft extends along the vertical direction, the lock seat is in a columnar structure, the locking slide rail extends along the circumferential direction of the lock seat, and the pivot shaft can extend into the opening to enable the lock seat to pivot relative to the pivot shaft so as to drive the locking part to be matched with the locking slide rail.

6. The locking mechanism of claim 5, wherein,

the locking slide way comprises a rotary guide section connected with the opening and an anti-reversion concave area connected with the tail end of the rotary guide section, and the locking part rotates into the anti-reversion concave area along the rotary guide section to form an anti-reversion state.

7. The locking mechanism of claim 6, wherein,

the locking slideway spirally rises or horizontally extends along the periphery of the lock seat from the inlet end of the rotary guide section to the anti-reversion sunken area.

8. The locking mechanism of claim 6, wherein,

the locking mechanism further comprises an elastic piece and a movable sliding block, the pivot shaft slidably penetrates through the movable sliding block, and the elastic piece is connected between the vehicle body and the movable sliding block to drive the movable sliding block to prop against the lock seat, so that the lock seat is limited at a position where the locking portion is matched with the anti-reversion concave area.

9. The locking mechanism of claim 8, wherein,

one end of the locking part is connected to the side part of the pivot shaft, and the other end of the locking part is arranged in the movable sliding block in a sliding penetrating manner.

10. The locking mechanism as recited in any one of claims 1-9, wherein,

the locking piece is provided with two locking parts which are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the pivot shaft.

11. An electric vehicle comprising a vehicle body, a battery pack, and the lock mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 10 for locking and unlocking the battery pack with the vehicle body.

12. The electric vehicle of claim 11, characterized in that,

the vehicle body bottom is equipped with the positioning seat, the locking piece is fixed in the positioning seat, the locking seat is movably located the battery package is in order to have first position and be located the second position of first position below, wherein: in the first position, the lock seat can rotate relative to the battery pack to be matched with the locking piece; in the second position, the battery pack restricts rotation of the lock base.

13. The electric vehicle of claim 12, characterized in that,

the locating seat comprises a locating part extending horizontally and a limiting part connected with the locating part and extending downwards, the locking piece is fixed below the locating part, the limiting part is of an elastic structure, and the limiting part abuts against the battery pack to limit the battery pack to move upwards when the locking piece is matched with the locking seat to lock the battery pack.

14. The electric vehicle of claim 12, characterized in that,

the battery pack is provided with a rotating hole, two spacing protruding parts are arranged in the rotating hole at intervals, the two spacing protruding parts are used for limiting the movable space of the lock seat in the first position and the second position, the periphery of the lock seat is provided with a matching surface, a spacing surface is arranged in the rotating hole, and the matching surface is in spacing fit with the spacing surface to limit the lock seat to rotate.