CN220076115U - Battery pack locking mechanism and electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery pack locking mechanism and an electric vehicle, wherein the battery pack locking mechanism is configured to lock a battery pack on a vehicle body of the electric vehicle, and the locking mechanism comprises: the locking piece comprises a locking piece and a locking rod, wherein the locking rod can move along a first direction and drive the locking piece to move along a second direction in the moving process so as to be matched with a locking seat arranged on a vehicle body of an electric vehicle to lock or unlock the battery pack and the vehicle body, and the first direction and the second direction are arranged at an included angle. The battery pack locking mechanism provided by the utility model enables the battery pack to be directly detached from the vehicle body from top to bottom through the matching of the locking piece and the locking seat, so that the installation locking and unlocking of the quick-change battery pack of the electric vehicle are easily realized, the battery pack is easy to operate, the vehicle body space can be saved, and the problems of safety, stability and the like caused by the fact that the battery pack is installed by adopting a hoisting mode of the electric vehicle are solved.

Description

Battery pack locking mechanism and electric vehicle

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of electric vehicles, in particular to a battery pack locking mechanism and an electric vehicle.

Background

The electric vehicle has the advantages of zero emission, low noise, high operation and maintenance cost performance and the like, and is increasingly favored by users. The energy used by the electric vehicle is the electric energy provided by a battery pack carried by the electric vehicle, and the electric vehicle needs to be charged after the electric energy is used up. The battery pack of an electric vehicle is generally configured in a fixed type and a replaceable type, wherein the fixed type battery pack is generally fixed on the vehicle, and the vehicle is directly used as a charging object during charging. The battery pack can be quickly taken down to be independently replaced, namely, the battery which is pre-charged can be directly arranged on the vehicle, and the detached battery which is full of electricity can be independently charged to be arranged on the vehicle which is charged in a follow-up mode, so that the vehicle can be replaced with the full-charged battery in a very short time to quickly complete continuous voyage and energy supplement. Particularly, for heavy trucks, due to the structure, loading requirements and the like, large batteries with large capacity are often arranged on the heavy trucks, and the charging time of the large batteries is longer, so that the power change mode for the heavy trucks is more convenient to supplement energy. In a heavy truck with power change, a battery pack needs to be fixed by adopting a locking mechanism, and when power change is needed, the battery pack needs to be fixed by adopting the locking mechanism.

For heavy trucks, the interchangeable battery pack is generally fixed above the longitudinal beam of the vehicle body, the longitudinal beam is utilized to realize the supporting effect on the battery pack, the position of the longitudinal beam of the vehicle body on the electric vehicle is relatively higher than the ground, the weight of the battery pack is heavier, the gravity center of the battery pack is higher, the stability of the battery pack is relatively poorer, thereby influencing the driving safety of the vehicle, and the battery pack occupies a larger space behind a driver, the driving experience of the driver is poorer, in addition, the battery pack is arranged above the longitudinal beam and can only be replaced by a hoisting structure, the hoisting structure is adopted, the whole building of the power exchange station is higher, the occupied area is large, the maintenance cost is high and the safety is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a battery pack locking mechanism and an electric vehicle, which enable a battery pack to be installed on a vehicle body from bottom to top, so as to solve the problems of safety, stability and the like caused by the fact that the electric vehicle adopts a hoisting mode to install the battery pack.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:

a battery pack locking mechanism configured to be able to lock a battery pack to a body of an electric vehicle, the locking mechanism comprising: the locking piece comprises a locking piece and a locking rod, wherein the locking rod can move along a first direction and drive the locking piece to move along a second direction in the moving process so as to be matched with a locking seat arranged on a vehicle body of an electric vehicle to lock or unlock the battery pack and the vehicle body, and the first direction and the second direction are arranged at an included angle.

In the technical scheme, the locking mechanism is used for locking or unlocking the battery pack and the body of the electric vehicle so as to realize quick replacement of the battery pack. Wherein, locking mechanism includes a plurality of locking pieces, the locking piece includes locking piece and locking lever, drive the locking piece and remove and realize locking or the unblock of battery package along the second direction when the locking lever removes along first direction, first direction and second direction are the contained angle setting, and a structure is simple, and an operation is convenient, low cost, easily realize, simultaneously make the activity space of locking lever concentrate on first direction, the activity space of locking piece concentrates on the second direction, be convenient for locate locking piece and locking lever respectively on the adjacent both sides of battery package, compare in the mode that locking piece and locking lever arranged in the same side of battery package, locking piece and locking lever are located the different sides of battery package and have following advantage: on one hand, the limitations on the structure and the installation space of the battery pack are reduced, the side of the battery pack provided with the locking block and the side provided with the locking rod can respectively provide larger installation space and moving space for the locking block and the locking rod, and particularly, the locking block with larger size is allowed to be installed on the battery pack, the expansion of the size of the locking block means the improvement of the structural strength and the increase of the stress bearing surface, so that when the locking block is matched with the locking seat, the battery pack can be supported more stably and reliably; on the other hand, the locking mode of the battery pack on the vehicle body can be optimized, in a preferred embodiment, the locking piece can be arranged at the top of the battery pack, the locking piece at the top of the battery pack is matched with the locking seat arranged at the bottom of the vehicle body to realize the hanging of the battery pack at the bottom of the vehicle body, so that the battery pack can be directly installed at the bottom of the vehicle body from bottom to top, and also can be directly detached from the vehicle body from top to bottom, the installation locking and unlocking of the quick-change battery pack of the electric vehicle are easily realized, the battery pack is easy to operate, the disassembly and the assembly can be realized only by up-down movement, and the chassis power conversion is further realized. To chassis trades the electricity, the battery package is in the below of longeron, can effectively reduce the focus of battery package, increases the installation stability of battery package, makes vehicle stationarity, the security have great promotion, simultaneously, compact structure, space utilization is high, especially the vertically ascending space of automobile body, in addition, through chassis trades the electricity, reduced the trouble risk of trading the electric in-process, improved the security, and chassis trades electric system area is little, trade power station low in popularization cost, usable trades the electric dolly and realizes the quick change of battery package below the automobile body.

Preferably, the plurality of locking pieces are arranged at intervals along the length direction or the width direction of the battery pack and are positioned at two sides of the battery pack along the length direction or the width direction.

In this technical scheme, through making a plurality of locks follow battery package length direction or width direction interval arrangement, optimized the distribution of lock on the battery package, make each lock distribute more balanced, the distribution of lock seat on the automobile body that corresponds with the locking piece is more balanced, the atress distribution when making the automobile body bear the battery package is also more even, and a plurality of locking pieces and lock seat cooperation bear the weight of the bearing surface when battery package bigger, battery package gravity is equispaced, reduce stress concentration, help promoting the locking stability and the reliability of battery package.

Preferably, the locking piece is provided with a receiving hole, one end of the locking rod is provided with a matching part and extends into the receiving hole, and at least one of a side surface of the matching part facing the receiving hole and a side wall of the receiving hole facing the matching part is provided with an inclined surface, so that the locking rod guides the locking piece to move along the second direction when moving along the first direction.

In this technical scheme, through making the cooperation portion set up to the inclined plane towards at least one in the side of holding hole and the lateral wall of holding hole towards cooperation portion, make the locking lever can guide the locking piece removal, simple structure easily realizes, and the linkage of locking lever and locking piece is sensitive reliable.

Preferably, along the second direction, a first end of the locking piece, which is far away from the lock seat, is connected with the battery pack through an elastic piece.

In the technical scheme, the elastic piece is connected between the battery pack and the locking piece, so that in a preferred embodiment, the locking piece can be driven to move along the second direction by the movement of the locking rod along the first direction and lock the battery pack, and after the locking rod is reset, the locking piece can be pulled to automatically move towards the unlocking position of the battery pack by the restoring force of the elastic piece.

Preferably, along the second direction, the locking piece faces to the second end of the lock seat to be matched with the lock seat, and the second end is provided with a guide surface so that the second end can conveniently enter the lock seat.

In this technical scheme, through the setting of guide surface, the cooperation of locking piece and lock seat of being convenient for promotes two complex smoothness nature, avoids leading to locking piece and lock seat cooperation card to be blocked and appear unable complex phenomenon even because of processing error and installation error's existence.

Preferably, the first direction is a vertical direction, the second direction is a horizontal direction, the lock rod is arranged on the side wall of the battery pack along the vertical direction and moves up and down relative to the battery pack, and the lock block is arranged on the top surface of the battery pack along the horizontal direction and can move horizontally relative to the battery pack along with the movement of the lock rod so as to be matched with the lock seat.

In this technical scheme, the latch segment level is horizontal migration on the battery package top surface, and when it joins in marriage with the lock seat, on realizing that the battery package articulates on the basis of automobile body bottom, still bear the battery package through the horizontal plane, bear more stably to the battery package, avoid the battery package to take place the ascending slip of vertical direction, the activity space of latch segment is concentrated on the horizontal direction, occupies the ascending space of automobile body vertical direction less, has reduced the interference of the structure of latch segment and automobile body vertical direction. The locking lever sets up the lateral wall at the battery package, and operating personnel can drive the locking lever at the lateral part of battery package and move, and operating space is bigger, the operation is more convenient.

Preferably, the locking mechanism further comprises a driving member, and the driving member is movably arranged on the battery pack and connected with one end of the locking rod away from the locking piece so as to drive the locking rod to move along the first direction.

In this technical scheme, the driving piece not only can be used for driving the locking lever and remove along first direction, and moreover, the driving piece is located on the battery package, forms modularized structure with the battery package, whole dismouting realizes quick detach.

Preferably, one end of the driving member is an operation end, the other end of the driving member is a connection end, the connection end is in threaded connection with the lock rod, the driving member further comprises a limiting part located between the operation end and the connection end, and the limiting part is in movable fit with the battery pack so that the driving member can rotate relative to the battery pack to drive the lock rod to move along the first direction.

In the technical scheme, the lock rod can be driven to move along the first direction by rotating the driving piece, the structure is simple, the operation is convenient, and the limiting part can be matched with the battery pack to limit the driving piece.

Preferably, the locking mechanism further comprises a fixing base connected to the battery pack, the fixing base is located at the top of the battery pack and provided with a plurality of guide slide ways, and each guide slide way is used for accommodating a corresponding locking block and capable of being used for the locking block to move in so that at least part of the area of the locking block can extend out of the guide slide ways to be matched with the locking base.

In this technical scheme, after the setting of fixing base makes the battery package be locked, the weight of battery package is born jointly to locking piece and fixing base, and battery package gravity is equally divided on locking piece and fixing base, and the atress bearing surface is bigger, reduces stress concentration, has promoted the bearing capacity of locking mechanism. The guide slide way can guide the lock block to move in the second direction, so that the lock block can move more smoothly, and the lock block is prevented from shifting. Compared with the locking piece which is arranged on the battery pack in a sliding manner, the locking piece is arranged in the fixing seat in a sliding manner, so that the shell structure of the battery pack is simplified, the structural integrity and the structural strength of the battery pack are ensured, and the service life of the battery pack is prolonged.

Preferably, a sliding rail and a sliding block which are matched with each other are further arranged between the fixing seat and the locking block, and the sliding rail is arranged along the second direction so that the locking block can move along the second direction relative to the battery pack.

In this technical scheme, further promote the guide effect that the locking piece removed along the second direction through the cooperation of slide rail and slider, avoid the locking piece skew, guarantee the accurate counterpoint cooperation of locking piece and lock seat.

The utility model provides an electric vehicle, which comprises a vehicle body, a battery pack and the battery pack locking mechanism, wherein the battery pack locking mechanism is used for locking or unlocking the battery pack and the vehicle body, a plurality of locking pieces are arranged on the battery pack, a plurality of locking seats corresponding to the locking pieces are arranged on the vehicle body, and locking blocks of the locking pieces can be matched with the locking seats to lock or unlock the battery pack and the vehicle body.

Due to the adoption of the structure, the battery pack can be directly detached from the vehicle body from top to bottom, the installation locking and unlocking of the electric vehicle quick-change battery pack are easily realized, the battery pack is simple to operate and control, the battery pack can be detached and assembled only by up-and-down movement, the safety in the power change process is improved, the structure is compact, and the space utilization rate is high.

Preferably, the vehicle body is further provided with a battery replacing support, the battery replacing support is provided with a plurality of through holes extending along the horizontal direction to form the lock seat, the middle part of the battery replacing support is hollowed out to form a battery pack assembly area, the lock seat is arranged along the inner periphery of the battery pack assembly area at intervals, and the battery pack extends into the battery pack assembly area and is hung on the battery replacing support through the cooperation of the lock block and the lock seat.

In this technical scheme, can be fixed in the automobile body with trading the electric support along its circumference, battery package assembly district sets up at trading electric support central authorities, and the battery package can rise to battery package assembly district back rethread locking piece and lock seat from trading electric support bottom, realizes that the bottom trades the electricity. The battery pack is hung at the middle position of the battery replacement bracket, so that the stress is uniform, and the battery pack is more stable and reliable.

By adopting the technical scheme, the utility model has the following technical effects: the locking mechanism is used for locking or unlocking the battery pack and the body of the electric vehicle so as to realize quick replacement of the battery pack. Wherein, locking mechanism includes a plurality of locking pieces, the locking piece includes locking piece and locking lever, drive the locking piece and remove and realize locking or the unblock of battery package along the second direction when the locking lever removes along first direction, first direction and second direction are the contained angle setting, and a structure is simple, and an operation is convenient, low cost, easily realize, simultaneously make the activity space of locking lever concentrate on first direction, the activity space of locking piece concentrates on the second direction, be convenient for locate locking piece and locking lever respectively on the adjacent both sides of battery package, compare in the mode of locking piece and locking lever crowded same one side at the battery package, locking piece and locking lever are located the different sides of battery package and have following advantage: on the one hand, the limit on the structure and the installation space of the battery pack is reduced, the side, provided with the locking piece, of the battery pack and the side, provided with the locking rod can respectively provide larger installation space and moving space for the locking piece and the locking rod, and particularly, the locking piece with larger size is allowed to be installed on the battery pack, the expansion of the size of the locking piece means the improvement of the structural strength and the increase of the pressure bearing stress surface, and when the locking piece is matched with the locking seat, the battery pack can be supported more stably and reliably; on the other hand, the locking mode of the battery pack on the vehicle body can be optimized, in a preferred embodiment, the locking piece can be arranged at the top of the battery pack, the locking piece at the top of the battery pack is matched with the locking seat arranged at the bottom of the vehicle body to realize the hanging of the battery pack at the bottom of the vehicle body, so that the battery pack can be directly installed at the bottom of the vehicle body from bottom to top, and also can be directly detached from the vehicle body from top to bottom, the installation locking and unlocking of the quick-change battery pack of the electric vehicle are easily realized, the battery pack is easy to operate, the disassembly and the assembly can be realized only by up-down movement, and the chassis power conversion is further realized. To chassis trades the electricity, the battery package is in the below of longeron, can effectively reduce the focus of battery package, increases the installation stability of battery package, makes vehicle stationarity, the security have great promotion, simultaneously, compact structure, space utilization is high, especially the vertically ascending space of automobile body, in addition, through chassis trades the electricity, reduced the trouble risk of trading the electric in-process, improved the security, and chassis trades electric system area is little, trade power station low in popularization cost, usable trades the electric dolly and realizes the quick change of battery package below the automobile body.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model and do not constitute a limitation on the utility model. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an assembly component formed by a battery pack locking mechanism and a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram II of an assembled component formed by a battery pack locking mechanism and a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a lock block according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a lock lever according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a lock block and an elastic member according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram III of an assembly component formed by a battery pack locking mechanism and a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a battery pack locking mechanism and a battery pack assembly formed by the battery pack locking mechanism according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a driving member according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing seat according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 10 is a second cross-sectional view of the assembled component formed by the battery pack locking mechanism and the battery pack according to the embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure at A in FIG. 10;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a power conversion bracket according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an assembled component formed by a battery pack, a battery replacement bracket and a battery pack locking structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Reference numerals:

1, a battery pack, 11 guide seats and 12 connecting seats;

2, a locking piece, a 21 accommodating hole, a 22 guide surface and a 23 sliding hole;

3, a lock rod, a 31 matching part and a 32 inclined plane;

4, an elastic piece;

a 5 driving piece, a 51 operation end, a 52 connection end and a 53 limiting part;

6, fixing the base, 61, guiding the slideway, 62 sliding shaft;

7, a power exchange bracket and 71 a lock base.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly illustrate the general inventive concept, a detailed description is given below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present utility model, however, the present utility model may be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and therefore the scope of the present utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

In the present utility model, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; the device can be mechanically connected, electrically connected and communicated; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In the present utility model, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present utility model. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

In the embodiment of the utility model, a battery pack locking mechanism is provided, and for convenience of explanation and understanding, the following matters are provided on the basis of the structure of the illustrated product. It will of course be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above-described construction is provided as a specific example and illustrative only and is not intended to constitute a specific limitation on the scope of the utility model. In addition, the utility model also provides an electric vehicle which can be a commercial vehicle such as a heavy truck, a light truck and the like, and can be other electric vehicle types.

As shown in fig. 1 to 13, a battery pack locking mechanism provided by the present utility model is configured to be able to lock a battery pack 1 to a body of an electric vehicle, the locking mechanism including: the battery pack comprises a battery pack 1, a plurality of locking pieces, a locking rod 3 and a locking mechanism, wherein each locking piece is arranged on the battery pack 1 and comprises a locking piece 2 and the locking rod 3, the locking rod 3 can move along a first direction and can drive the locking piece 2 to move along a second direction in the moving process so as to be matched with a locking seat arranged on a vehicle body of an electric vehicle to lock or unlock the battery pack 1 and the vehicle body, and the first direction and the second direction are arranged at an included angle. The included angle between the first direction and the second direction is not limited, and may be a right angle, an acute angle, or an obtuse angle.

In the utility model, the locking mechanism is used for locking or unlocking the battery pack 1 and the body of the electric vehicle so as to realize quick replacement of the battery pack 1. Wherein, locking mechanism includes a plurality of locking pieces, the locking piece includes locking piece 2 and locking lever 3, drive locking piece 2 when locking lever 3 removes along the first direction and remove and realize locking or the unblock of battery package 1 along the second direction, first direction and second direction are the contained angle setting, and a structure is simple, and an end cap is convenient, low cost, easily realize, make the activity space of locking lever 3 concentrate in first direction simultaneously, the activity space of locking piece 2 concentrates in the second direction, be convenient for locate the adjacent both sides of battery package 1 respectively with locking piece 2 and locking lever 3, compare in the mode that locking piece 2 and locking lever 3 arranged in the same one side of battery package 1, locking piece 2 and locking lever 3 are located the different sides of battery package 1 and have following advantage: on the one hand, the limitation on the structure and the installation space of the battery pack 1 is reduced, the side of the battery pack 1 provided with the locking piece 2 and the side provided with the locking rod 3 can respectively provide larger installation space and movable space for the locking piece 2 and the locking rod 3, and particularly, the locking piece 2 with larger size is allowed to be installed on the battery pack 1, the expansion of the size of the locking piece 2 means the improvement of the structural strength and the increase of the stress bearing surface, so that when the locking piece 2 is matched with the lock seat, the battery pack 1 can be supported more stably and reliably; on the other hand, the locking mode of the battery pack 1 on the vehicle body can be optimized, in a preferred embodiment, the locking piece 2 can be arranged at the top of the battery pack 1, the locking piece 2 at the top of the battery pack 1 is matched with the locking seat arranged at the bottom of the vehicle body to realize the hanging of the battery pack 1 at the bottom of the vehicle body, so that the battery pack 1 can be directly installed at the bottom of the vehicle body from bottom to top, and also can be directly detached from the vehicle body from top to bottom, the installation locking and unlocking of the quick-change battery pack of an electric vehicle are easily realized, the battery pack 1 is easy to operate, the disassembly and the assembly can be realized only by up-down movement, and the chassis electricity change can be realized. To chassis trades the electricity, the battery package is in the below of longeron, can effectively reduce the focus of battery package, increases the installation stability of battery package, makes vehicle stationarity, the security have great promotion, simultaneously, compact structure, space utilization is high, especially the vertically ascending space of automobile body, in addition, through chassis trades the electricity, reduced the trouble risk of trading the electric in-process, improved the security, and chassis trades electric system area is little, trade power station low in popularization cost, usable trades the electric dolly and realizes the quick change of battery package below the automobile body.

It should be noted that the arrangement of the plurality of locking members on the battery pack 1 is not limited, and for example, the locking members may be arranged in a linear manner, a curved manner, an array manner, or the like.

As a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, a plurality of locking pieces may be provided at intervals in the longitudinal direction or the width direction of the battery pack 1 and located at both sides of the battery pack 1 in the longitudinal direction or the width direction. As shown in fig. 2, the present utility model schematically illustrates an embodiment in which four locking pieces are distributed and arranged at positions near four top corners of the battery pack 1.

As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the plurality of locking members achieve multi-directional locking of the battery pack 1 with higher locking strength. Through making a plurality of locks follow battery package 1 length direction or width direction interval arrangement, optimized the distribution of lock on battery package 1, make each lock distribute more balanced, the distribution of lock seat 71 that corresponds with locking piece 2 on the automobile body is more balanced, the atress distribution when making the automobile body bear battery package 1 is also more even, and the bearing surface is bigger when a plurality of locking pieces 2 and lock seat 71 cooperation bear battery package 1, the equal share of battery package 1 gravity reduces stress concentration, help promoting the locking stability and the reliability of battery package 1.

As for the manner in which the lock lever 3 and the lock block 2 are interlocked, as a preferred embodiment, the lock block 2 may be provided with the accommodation hole 21, one end of the lock lever 3 is provided with the fitting portion 31 and extends into the accommodation hole 21, and at least one of the side surface of the fitting portion 31 toward the accommodation hole 21 and the side wall of the accommodation hole 21 toward the fitting portion 31 is provided as a slope so that the lock lever 3 guides the lock block 2 to move in the second direction when moving in the first direction. As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the present utility model schematically illustrates an embodiment in which the engaging portion 31 of the lock lever 3 is provided with inclined surfaces 32, two opposite sides of the engaging portion 31 in the vertical direction are each provided with a gradually outward inclination from top to bottom and a gradually larger diameter, the receiving hole 21 is provided in a rectangular shape, and when the lock lever 3 moves upward, since the engaging portion 31 also moves upward, the inclined surfaces 32 engage with the side walls of the receiving hole 21 and the inclined surfaces 32 push the lock block 2 to move in the second direction during the lifting. Moreover, the lock block 2 is guided to move by the inclined surface 32, so that the structure is simple and easy to realize, and the lock rod 3 and the lock block 2 are sensitive and reliable in linkage.

Further, as shown in fig. 2 and 5, the first end of the locking piece 2, which is remote from the lock seat 71, may be connected to the battery pack 1 through the elastic member 4 in the second direction. Specifically, the elastic member 4 may be a spring, one end of the spring may be connected to the locking piece 2, and the other end of the spring is connected to the battery pack 1, so in a preferred embodiment, the locking bar 3 may be moved in the first direction to drive the locking piece 2 to move toward the locking seat and lock the battery pack 1 in the second direction, and after the locking bar 3 is reset, the locking piece 2 may be pulled by the restoring force of the elastic member 4 to automatically move toward the position for unlocking the battery pack 1, so that the locking piece 2 automatically unlocks the battery pack 1.

Further, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the second end of the lock block 2, which faces the lock base 71 in the second direction, may be provided to cooperate with the lock base 71, and the second end is provided with a guide surface 22 to facilitate the second end to enter the lock base 71. Through the setting of guide surface 22, the cooperation of locking piece 2 and lock seat 71 of being convenient for promotes two complex smoothness nature, avoids leading to locking piece 2 and lock seat cooperation card to be blocked and appear unable complex phenomenon even because of processing error and installation error's existence.

As a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, all of the foregoing embodiments and examples of the present utility model may further have a first direction being a vertical direction and a second direction being a horizontal direction, the locking bar 3 being provided at a side wall of the battery pack 1 in the vertical direction and moving up and down with respect to the battery pack 1, and the locking piece 2 being provided at a top surface of the battery pack 1 in the horizontal direction and being horizontally movable with respect to the battery pack 1 with the movement of the locking bar 3 to be engaged with the locking seat 71.

As can be appreciated by those skilled in the art, when the locking piece 2 horizontally moves horizontally on the top surface of the battery pack 1 and is matched with the lock seat 71, the battery pack 1 is hung on the bottom of the vehicle body, the battery pack 1 is borne through the horizontal plane, the battery pack 1 is more stably borne, the battery pack 1 is prevented from sliding in the vertical direction, the movable space of the locking piece 2 is concentrated in the horizontal direction, the space occupied in the vertical direction of the vehicle body is smaller, and the interference between the locking piece 2 and the structure on the vertical direction of the vehicle body is reduced. The locking rod 3 sets up the lateral wall at the battery package 1, and operating personnel can drive locking rod 3 at the lateral part of battery package 1 and move, and operating space is bigger, the operation is more convenient. As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, a guide holder 11 may be provided at a side wall of the battery pack 1, the locking bar 3 is configured to be slidable within the guide holder 11, the up-and-down movement direction of the locking bar 3 is restricted by the guide holder 11, and the locking piece 2 is provided at a top edge of the battery pack 1 and horizontally movable along a top surface of the guide holder 11.

As a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, all the foregoing embodiments and examples of the present utility model may further include a locking mechanism further including a driving member 5, where the driving member 5 is movably disposed on the battery pack 1 and connected to an end of the locking bar 3 remote from the locking piece 2 so as to be capable of driving the locking bar 3 to move in the first direction.

The driving piece 5 not only can be used for driving the locking rod 3 to move along the first direction, but also is arranged on the battery pack 1, forms a modularized structure with the battery pack 1, and is integrally disassembled and assembled to realize quick disassembly. The structure of the driving member is not limited, and may be an electric driving device, such as a telescopic rod controlled by a motor, or may be a pure mechanical structure without electricity, and the driving member is operated to move by a manual or external tool.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 6 to 8, one end of the driving member 5 may be an operation end 51, the other end is a connection end 52, the connection end 52 is connected with the lock rod 3 through threads, the driving member 5 further includes a limiting portion 53 located between the operation end 51 and the connection end 52, and the limiting portion 53 is configured to be rotatable relative to the battery pack 1 but not movable up and down relative to the battery pack 1, so that the limiting portion 53 is movably matched with the battery pack 1 to enable the driving member 5 to rotate relative to the battery pack 1 to drive the lock rod 3 to move in the first direction.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, for example, the lock lever 3 is provided on the side wall of the battery pack 1, and the connecting base 12 may be provided on the side of the battery pack 1, the connecting base 12 may be provided with a rotation hole, and the driving member 5 may be rotatably connected to the rotation hole via the restriction portion 53. The operating end 51 of the driving piece 5 is located at the lower end of the connecting seat 12 and abuts against the connecting seat 12 to limit the axial movement of the driving piece 5, the connecting end 52 is located at the upper end of the connecting seat 12 and is in threaded connection with the locking rod 3, when the driving piece 5 rotates in one direction, under the pushing action of the threaded screwing of the connecting end 52 and the locking rod 3, the locking rod 3 moves upwards to push the locking piece 2 to lock the battery pack 1, when the driving piece 5 rotates reversely, under the pushing action of the threaded screwing of the connecting end 52 and the locking rod 3, the locking rod 3 moves downwards, and at the moment, the locking piece 2 can unlock the battery pack 1 under the driving of the locking rod 3, and also can unlock the battery pack 1 under the driving of the elastic piece 4. In practice, the operator can screw the driver 5 manually or by operating the operating end 51 of the driver 5 with an external tool.

As a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 1, 9 and 10, all the foregoing embodiments and examples of the present utility model may further include a fixing base 6 connected to the battery pack 1, the fixing base 6 being located at the top of the battery pack 1 and having a plurality of guide rails 61, each guide rail 61 being configured to receive a corresponding locking piece 2 and to allow the locking piece 2 to move therein such that at least a partial region of the locking piece 2 can protrude from the guide rails 61 to be engaged with the locking seat 71.

It can be understood by those skilled in the art that after the battery pack 1 is locked by the fixing seat 6, the locking block 2 and the fixing seat 6 bear the weight of the battery pack 1 together, the weight of the battery pack 1 is equally divided on the locking block 2 and the fixing seat 6, the bearing surface is larger, the stress concentration is reduced, the bearing capacity of the locking mechanism is improved, and the possibility that the outer shell of the battery pack 1 is deformed is reduced. The guide slide 61 can guide the lock block 2 to move in the second direction, so that the movement of the lock block 2 is smoother, and the lock block 2 is prevented from being deviated. In addition, compared with the method that the guiding slide way 61 is processed on the outer shell of the battery pack 1, the guiding slide way 61 is arranged on the fixed seat 6, so that the locking piece is arranged in the fixed seat 6 in a sliding manner, the processing of the shell structure of the battery pack 1 is simplified, the structural integrity and the structural strength of the battery pack 1 are ensured, the service life of the battery pack 1 is prolonged, and the specification standardization of the battery pack 1 is facilitated. In addition, for ease of installation, the elastic member 4 may be provided in the guide slide 61 and connected between the fixing base 6 and the first end of the locking piece 2.

As a preferred embodiment, a sliding rail and a sliding block which are matched with each other are further arranged between the fixing seat 6 and the locking piece 2, and the sliding rail is arranged along the second direction so that the locking piece 2 can move along the second direction relative to the battery pack 1. The guide effect that the locking piece 2 moved along the second direction is further promoted through the cooperation of slide rail and slider, avoids locking piece 2 skew, guarantees that locking piece 2 and lock seat are accurate to be counterpointed and cooperate. In particular, as shown in fig. 3, 10 and 11, the lock block 2 may be provided with at least one sliding hole 23 extending along the second direction to be configured as a sliding rail, the fixing base 6 is provided with a sliding shaft 62 extending along the second direction to be configured as a sliding block, and the sliding shaft 62 is in sliding fit with the sliding hole 23 to limit the moving direction of the lock block 2. Due to the adoption of the structure, the battery pack 1 can be directly detached from the vehicle body from top to bottom, the installation locking and unlocking of the electric vehicle quick-change battery pack 1 are easily realized, the battery pack 1 is simple to operate and control, the battery pack 1 can be disassembled and assembled only by up-and-down movement, the safety in the power change process is improved, the structure is compact, and the space utilization rate is high. In other embodiments, other structures of the sliding rail and the sliding block may be used, so long as the guiding function on the movement of the locking piece is realized.

The utility model provides an electric vehicle, which comprises a vehicle body, a battery pack 1 and a battery pack locking mechanism as described above, wherein the battery pack locking mechanism is used for locking or unlocking the battery pack 1 and the vehicle body, a plurality of locking pieces are arranged on the battery pack 1, a plurality of locking seats 71 corresponding to the locking pieces are arranged on the vehicle body, and the locking pieces 2 of the locking pieces can be matched with the locking seats 71 to lock or unlock the battery pack 1 and the vehicle body.

It should be noted that, since the electric vehicle provided by the present utility model includes the battery pack locking mechanism in any one of the foregoing embodiments and examples, the battery pack locking mechanism has the beneficial effects that the electric vehicle provided by the present utility model includes, and no description is given here.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 12 and 13, a battery replacing bracket 7 may be further provided on the vehicle body, and a plurality of through holes extending along the horizontal direction are formed in the battery replacing bracket 7 to form a lock seat 71, the middle part of the battery replacing bracket 7 is hollowed out to form a battery pack assembly area, the lock seat 71 is arranged along the inner periphery of the battery pack assembly area at intervals, and the battery pack 1 extends into the battery pack assembly area and is suspended on the battery replacing bracket 7 through the cooperation of the lock block and the lock seat 71.

During specific implementation, the battery pack assembly area is arranged in the center of the battery pack assembly bracket 7, and the battery pack 1 can be locked with the lock seat 71 through the lock block after rising from the bottom of the battery pack assembly bracket 7 to the battery pack assembly area, so that bottom battery replacement is realized. The battery pack is hung at the middle position of the battery replacement bracket 7, so that the stress is uniform, and the battery pack is more stable and reliable. When specific electricity is replaced, the electricity-deficient battery can be supported in advance through the electricity-replacing trolley, then the driving piece is screwed to enable the electricity-deficient battery to fall down, the locking piece is separated from the locking seat 71 under the driving of the elastic piece to unlock the battery pack, the electricity-deficient battery can be removed from the lower portion of the vehicle body through the electricity-replacing trolley after being unlocked, the electricity-deficient battery is detached, then the electricity-deficient battery can be removed to the lower portion of the vehicle body through the electricity-replacing trolley, the electricity-full battery can be lifted to a battery pack assembly area through the electricity-full battery carried by the electricity-replacing trolley, the driving piece is driven to push the locking piece to move through the rotary driving piece and match with the locking seat 71, and locking installation of the electricity-full battery is completed.

The utility model can be realized by adopting or referring to the prior art at the places which are not described in the utility model.

In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and identical and similar parts of each embodiment are all referred to each other, and each embodiment mainly describes differences from other embodiments.

The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Various modifications and variations of the present utility model will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the utility model are to be included in the scope of the claims of the present utility model.

Claims (12)

1. A battery pack locking mechanism configured to be able to lock a battery pack to a body of an electric vehicle, the locking mechanism comprising:

the locking piece comprises a locking piece and a locking rod, wherein the locking rod can move along a first direction and drive the locking piece to move along a second direction in the moving process so as to be matched with a locking seat arranged on a vehicle body of an electric vehicle to lock or unlock the battery pack and the vehicle body, and the first direction and the second direction are arranged at an included angle.

2. The battery pack locking mechanism of claim 1, wherein,

the plurality of locking pieces are arranged at intervals along the length direction or the width direction of the battery pack and are positioned at two sides of the battery pack along the length direction or the width direction.

3. The battery pack locking mechanism of claim 1, wherein,

the locking piece is provided with a containing hole, one end of the locking rod is provided with a matching part and stretches into the containing hole, at least one of the side face of the matching part facing the containing hole and the side wall of the containing hole facing the matching part is provided with an inclined plane, so that the locking rod guides the locking piece to move along the second direction when moving along the first direction.

4. The battery pack locking mechanism as in claim 3, wherein,

and along the second direction, the first end of the locking block, which is far away from the lock seat, is connected with the battery pack through an elastic piece.

5. The battery pack locking mechanism of claim 4, wherein,

along the second direction, the locking piece is towards the second end of the lock seat and is arranged to be matched with the lock seat, and the second end is provided with a guide surface so that the second end can conveniently enter the lock seat.

6. The battery pack locking mechanism as in any one of claims 1-5, wherein,

the first direction is the vertical direction, the second direction is the horizontal direction, the locking lever along the vertical direction set up in the lateral wall of battery package and relatively the battery package reciprocates, the locking piece along the horizontal direction set up in the top surface of battery package and can follow the removal of locking lever relatively the battery package horizontal migration in order with the cooperation of lock seat.

7. The battery pack locking mechanism as in any one of claims 1-5, wherein,

the locking mechanism further comprises a driving piece, and the driving piece is movably arranged on the battery pack and connected with one end, away from the locking piece, of the locking rod so as to drive the locking rod to move along the first direction.

8. The battery pack locking mechanism of claim 7, wherein,

one end of the driving piece is an operation end, the other end of the driving piece is a connection end, the connection end is in threaded connection with the lock rod, the driving piece further comprises a limiting part located between the operation end and the connection end, and the limiting part is in movable fit with the battery pack so that the driving piece can rotate relative to the battery pack to drive the lock rod to move along the first direction.

9. The battery pack locking mechanism as in any one of claims 1-5, wherein,

the locking mechanism further comprises a fixing seat connected to the battery pack, wherein the fixing seat is located at the top of the battery pack and provided with a plurality of guide slide ways, and each guide slide way is used for accommodating a corresponding locking block and allowing the locking block to move in the corresponding guide slide way so that at least part of the area of the locking block can extend out of the guide slide ways to be matched with the locking seat.

10. The battery pack locking mechanism of claim 9, wherein,

the fixing seat and the locking block are also provided with a sliding rail and a sliding block which are matched with each other, and the sliding rail is arranged along the second direction so that the locking block can move along the second direction relative to the battery pack.

11. An electric vehicle, characterized by comprising a vehicle body, a battery pack and a battery pack locking mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the battery pack locking mechanism is used for locking or unlocking the battery pack and the vehicle body, a plurality of locking pieces are arranged on the battery pack, a plurality of locking seats corresponding to the locking pieces are arranged on the vehicle body, and locking pieces of the locking pieces can be matched with the locking seats to lock or unlock the battery pack and the vehicle body.

12. The electric vehicle of claim 11, characterized in that,

still be equipped with the battery replacement support on the automobile body, just offer a plurality of through-holes that extend along the horizontal direction on the battery replacement support in order to form the lock seat, the middle part fretwork of battery replacement support forms battery package assembly district, the lock seat is followed the inner periphery interval setting in battery package assembly district, the battery package stretch into in the battery package assembly district and pass through the locking piece with the cooperation of lock seat hang in the battery replacement support.