CN117224436A - Extraction method of sun-proof component of pteridophyte - Google Patents
Extraction method of sun-proof component of pteridophyte Download PDFInfo
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- CN117224436A CN117224436A CN202311465998.8A CN202311465998A CN117224436A CN 117224436 A CN117224436 A CN 117224436A CN 202311465998 A CN202311465998 A CN 202311465998A CN 117224436 A CN117224436 A CN 117224436A
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- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000419 plant extract Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 43
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 29
- 241000195950 Equisetum arvense Species 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 241001226187 Cyrtomium fortunei Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 241001116757 Pyrrosia lingua Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000967218 Selaginella tamariscina Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003805 vibration mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 15
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- 239000000516 sunscreening agent Substances 0.000 description 13
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- ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminobenzoic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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- Cosmetics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for extracting sun-proof components of pteridophyte, which relates to the technical field of cosmetics and comprises the following steps: s1, crushing: oven drying fern, pulverizing, and sieving; s2, extracting: weighing a plurality of clean beakers, weighing 4g-8g of plant powder into the beakers, adding 30mL-60mL of ethanol, placing the beakers on a clamp at the top of a reciprocating shaking table, shortening a telescopic assembly to gather a first clamping part, clamping the beakers, starting a switch of the reciprocating shaking table, and oscillating and uniformly mixing; after soaking for a period of time, heating to 40-60 ℃ in water bath; extracting in an ultrasonic cleaner, and filtering to obtain plant stock solution; s3, diluting: transferring the plant stock solution into a volumetric flask, adding ethanol to a certain volume,mixing uniformly to prepare the mixture with the mass concentration of 0.20 g.L ‑1 ‑1.00g·L ‑1 Is prepared from the plant extract. The plant extract in the scheme has good sun-proof effect, mild effect and high safety.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cosmetics, in particular to a method for extracting sun-proof components of pteridophyte.
Background
In recent years, the destruction of the ozone layer causes more serious ultraviolet injury threat to human beings, and ultraviolet rays causing injury comprise medium-wave ultraviolet UVB (280 nm-320 nm) and long-wave ultraviolet UVA (320 nm-400 nm), wherein the UVB energy is high, strong photodamage to skin is caused, red swelling and water bubbles are caused, chromosomes are seriously destroyed, and an immune system is inhibited, so that skin diseases and even skin cancers are caused. UVA has strong penetrability, can reach deep dermis, causes irreversible damage, causes melanin pigmentation and skin aging, and can protect against broad-spectrum sun-screening products of UVB and UVA at the same time. At present, the broad-spectrum sun-screening requirement is mainly achieved through the compounding of a chemical sun-screening UVB agent and a UVA agent in the market, but the chemical sun-screening agent has high anaphylaxis rate, strong irritation and questionable safety. People have low acceptance of chemical sunscreens, natural plant-derived sunscreens have mild effects and high safety, often have multiple effects of resisting bacteria, resisting inflammation, repairing after sun, nourishing, beautifying and the like, and become a research and development hot spot of known cosmetic enterprises at home and abroad. Thus, there is a need for research on the sun protection effect of natural plants.
China is the origin of Chinese herbal medicines, and about 12000 medicinal plants exist in china, which is not available in other countries. The ancient Chinese herbal medicines are deeply explored, researched and summarized in Chinese herbal medicines and Chinese medicine, so that the Chinese herbal medicines are most widely accepted and applied. Although the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine are rarely mentioned in the word of 'sun protection', the effects of 'long muscles', 'skin filling', 'toxin reducing', 'sunburn treating', 'scald treating' and the like mentioned in the ancient books can be related to the modern 'sun protection', and the development of the Chinese herbal medicine sun protection agent is an important direction of the development of the traditional Chinese medicine in the future.
In the process of extracting the active ingredients of natural plants, a reciprocating shaking table is often utilized to carry out shaking mixing of the solution. The reciprocating shaking table generally comprises a control system, a driving device and a platform, and the working principle is as follows: the control system controls the driving device, the driving device enables the platform to generate reciprocating motion, the container on the platform can shake evenly along with the reciprocating motion of the platform, and the control system can also adjust the speed and the stroke of the driving device, so that the frequency and the amplitude of oscillation are controlled. In order to prevent the container on the platform from moving around or toppling over, as shown in fig. 1, the top of the platform is provided with a plurality of clamps, the clamps comprise four elastic sheets and an annular spring, the four elastic sheets are circumferentially distributed, the spring is sleeved on the peripheries of the four elastic sheets, so that the elastic sheets form inward gathering acting force, and therefore, experimental containers such as beakers, conical bottles and the like are clamped.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a method for extracting the sun-screening component of the pteridophyte, which can obtain the extracting solution of the pteridophyte, and the sun-screening effect of the extracting solution is better than that of a chemical sun-screening agent.
In order to achieve the object of the invention, the following scheme is adopted:
a method for extracting sun-proof components of pteridophyte comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing: oven drying fern, pulverizing, and sieving;
s2, extracting: weighing a plurality of clean beakers, weighing 4g-8g of plant powder in the beakers, adding 30mL-60mL of ethanol into the beakers, placing the beakers on a clamp at the top of a reciprocating shaking table, and shaking and uniformly mixing; after soaking for a period of time, heating to 40-60 ℃ in water bath; extracting in an ultrasonic cleaner, and filtering to obtain plant stock solution;
the fixture comprises an objective table, a telescopic assembly, a plurality of clamping tools, wherein the top surface of the objective table is provided with a plurality of groups of annular grooves, each group of annular grooves comprises two semi-annular grooves which are oppositely arranged, an experimental container is placed between the two semi-annular grooves, the bottom surface of the objective table is provided with a plurality of regulating grooves, the regulating grooves are communicated with the corresponding group of annular grooves, the telescopic assembly is arranged at the bottom of the objective table, a supporting plate is arranged at the movable end of the telescopic assembly, a plurality of convex plates are arranged at the top of the supporting plate, a plurality of clamping tools are arranged in a row, the array direction of the telescopic assembly is perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the telescopic assembly, each clamping tool comprises a regulating block and two oppositely arranged clamping pieces, the regulating blocks are arranged in the corresponding regulating grooves, the bottom of the regulating blocks is connected with the corresponding convex plates, each clamping piece comprises a sector block, a connecting rod and a first clamping part, the sector block is in running fit with the corresponding semi-annular groove, one end of the connecting rod is hinged with the sector block, the other end of the sector block is hinged with the regulating block through a first support, one end of the sector block is arranged at the sector block, and the end of the regulating block is far away from the regulating block through the first support, and the specific mode of the sector is in a vibration mixing.
When the telescopic assembly is in an extension state, the first clamping part of each clamping tool is in an opening state; placing the beaker on an objective table; the telescopic component is shortened to gather the first clamping parts, and a switch of the reciprocating shaking table is turned on after the beaker is clamped;
s3, diluting: transferring the plant stock solution into volumetric flask, adding ethanol to desired volume, mixing to obtain solution with mass concentration of 0.20g.L -1 -1.00g·L -1 Is prepared from the plant extract.
Further, step S1 is: oven drying fern in electrothermal constant temperature oven at 50deg.C, pulverizing, and sieving with 60 mesh sieve.
Further, step S2 is: weighing 5.00 and g plant powder in a beaker, adding 50mL of 50% ethanol into the beaker, and uniformly mixing; 30. soaking at the temperature of 12-h, and heating in water bath to 50 ℃ after the soaking is completed; placing into an ultrasonic cleaner, setting power to 250W, extracting at 50deg.C for 60 min, and filtering to obtain 100 g.L -1 Plant stock solution.
Further, step S3 is: transferring plant stock solution 0.20 mL into volumetric flask, adding 50% ethanol to constant volume of 50mL, mixing to obtain solution with mass concentration of 0.40 g.L -1 Is prepared from the plant extract.
Further, in step S1, the pteridophyte includes one or more of cyrtomium fortunei, selaginella tamariscina, pyrrosia lingua and field horsetail.
Further, the semi-annular groove periphery bottom is equipped with the arc wall, and the sector piece periphery bottom is equipped with the arc, and the sector piece is close to the one end of regulating and controlling the piece and is equipped with the assembly groove, and connecting rod one end articulates in the assembly inslot of sector piece, and in step S2, when the telescopic assembly shortened, the regulating and controlling the piece and remove towards the holder direction, and the connecting rod can promote the sector piece normal running fit in the semi-annular groove, and the arc normal running fit in the arc wall this moment.
Further, one side of the regulation and control block towards the clamping piece is provided with a guide rod, a guide groove is formed in a position corresponding to the objective table, and in the step S2, when the telescopic assembly is shortened, the regulation and control block moves towards the clamping piece, and the guide rod is in sliding fit with the guide groove.
Further, every holder still includes second clamping part, and the one end that the sector is close to the regulation and control piece is located through the second support to second clamping part, and second clamping part is used for the centre gripping volumetric flask, and in step S3, the mode of volumetric flask misce bene is:
firstly, manually turning the volumetric flask upside down to perform preliminary mixing; when the telescopic assembly is in a shortened state, the second clamping part of each clamping tool is in an opened state; then placing the volumetric flask on the objective table; the telescopic component stretches to gather the second clamping part, and the switch of the reciprocating shaking table is turned on after the volumetric flask is clamped.
Further, in step S2, when the telescopic assembly is shortened and one end of the sector block away from the adjusting block contacts the stage, the first clamping portion is used for clamping the beaker; in step S3, when the telescopic assembly is extended and one end of the sector block close to the adjusting block contacts the objective table, the second clamping portion is used for clamping the volumetric flask.
Further, the objective table top is equipped with elevating platform and high fine setting mechanism, and elevating platform' S size and position are in order not to interfere centre gripping frock and are used for placing beaker and volumetric flask respectively to be equipped with beaker point position and volumetric flask point position on the elevating platform top surface, in step S2 or S3, place beaker or volumetric flask before the elevating platform, utilize high fine setting mechanism to adjust the height of elevating platform according to actual demand.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the extraction method can be used for extracting sun-screening components in fern plants such as cyrtomium fortunei, selaginella tamariscina, pyrrosia lingua, equisetum arvense and the like, wherein the Equisetum arvense extracting solution has good ultraviolet absorption effects in UVA and UVB regions, and is an efficient broad-spectrum sun-screening agent. When the concentration of the extracting solution is 40 times that of the chemical sunscreens, the sunscreening effect of the Equisetum arvense extracting solution is better than that of the chemical sunscreens such as BP-3, para-aminobenzoic acid and the like.
2. The clamp provided by the invention is simple to operate, and when the clamp is used, a beaker to be uniformly mixed by vibration is only required to be placed on the objective table, so that the problem that the beaker can be placed only by manually opening the spring in the prior art is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a prior art reciprocating shaking table;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the structure of a jig according to embodiment 1;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the first clamping portion of embodiment 1 when gathered;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the stage of example 1;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the telescoping assembly of embodiment 1;
FIG. 6 is a bottom view of the stage of example 1;
fig. 7 is a structural diagram of a clamping tool in embodiment 1;
FIG. 8 is a block diagram of example 1;
fig. 9 is a top view of the second clamping part of embodiment 1 when gathered;
FIG. 10 is a flowchart of the extraction method of embodiment 2;
FIG. 11 is an ultraviolet absorption spectrum of plant extracts obtained by different extraction solvents;
FIG. 12 is an ultraviolet absorption spectrum of rhizoma Osmundae extract at different pH values;
FIG. 13 is a graph showing the ultraviolet absorption spectrum of herba Selaginellae extract at different pH values;
FIG. 14 is a graph showing the ultraviolet absorption spectrum of Equisetum arvense extract at different pH values;
reference numerals: the device comprises an object stage-1, a semi-annular groove-11, a regulating groove-12, a lifting table-13, a guide groove-14, a telescopic component-2, a supporting plate-21, a convex plate-22, a clamping tool-3, a regulating block 31, a guide rod-311, a sector block-32, an arc plate-321, an assembly groove-322, a connecting rod-33, a first clamping part-34 and a second clamping part-35.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2 and 5, this embodiment provides a fixture, which is disposed at the top of a platform of a reciprocating table, and is used for clamping an experimental container, and includes an objective table 1, a telescopic assembly 2, and three clamping tools 3.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the top surface of the objective table 1 is provided with three groups of annular grooves, the three groups of annular grooves are arrayed in a row, each group of annular grooves comprises two semi-annular grooves 11 which are oppositely arranged, and the symmetry axis of each group of annular grooves is perpendicular to the direction of the three groups of annular grooves. In a group of annular grooves, the center of the semi-annular groove 11 faces inwards, a certain distance is reserved between the two semi-annular grooves 11, and the object stage 1 in the distance is used for placing experimental containers such as beakers.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the bottom surface of the objective table 1 is provided with three regulating grooves 12, the regulating grooves 12 are communicated with a corresponding group of annular grooves, the telescopic assembly 2 is arranged at the bottom of the objective table 1, the telescopic assembly 2 can be a telescopic rod driven by an air cylinder, an oil cylinder or hydraulic pressure, the movable end of the telescopic assembly 2 is provided with a supporting plate 21, and the top of the supporting plate 21 is provided with three convex plates 22.
As shown in fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 5, the array of three clamping tools 3 is a row, the array direction of the three clamping tools is perpendicular to the expansion direction of the expansion assembly 2, each clamping tool 3 comprises a regulating block 31 and two clamping pieces which are oppositely arranged, the regulating block 31 is arranged in the corresponding regulating groove 12, the bottom of the regulating block 31 is connected with the corresponding convex plate 22, each clamping piece comprises a sector block 32, a connecting rod 33 and a first clamping part 34, the sector block 32 is in rotary fit with the corresponding semi-annular groove 11, one end of the connecting rod 33 is hinged with the sector block 32, the other end is hinged with the regulating block 31, the first clamping part 34 is arranged at one end of the sector block 32 far away from the regulating block 31 through a first bracket, and the two first clamping parts 34 are used for clamping beakers when the two first clamping parts 34 are gathered together. In order to facilitate replacement of the first clamping portion 34, the first bracket is preferably attached to the adjustment block 31 by a screw.
The use principle is as follows:
when the telescopic assembly 2 is in an extension state, one end of the sector block 32, which is close to the regulating block 31, contacts the objective table 1, and at the moment, the first clamping part 34 of each clamping tool 3 is in an open state; placing the beaker to be oscillated and mixed uniformly on the objective table 1; shortening the telescopic assembly 2 can enable the regulating block 31 to move towards the clamping piece direction, then the connecting rod 33 enables the sector block 32 to be in rotary fit with the semi-annular groove 11, and when one end of the sector block 32 far away from the regulating block 31 contacts the object stage 1, the first clamping part 34 clamps the beaker; after clamping the beaker, a switch of the reciprocating shaking table is started.
The above procedure takes care of the following points: first, the shape and size of the regulating groove 12 are designed according to practical situations, and the movement of the regulating block 31 and the link 33 cannot be interfered, and if necessary, an avoiding groove is provided on the stage 1. Second, a layer of sponge or rubber is provided on the clamping surface of the first clamping portion 34 to prevent damage to the outer wall of the beaker.
More specifically, one end of the link 33 cannot be hinged to the top of the segment 32 for compactness. As shown in fig. 7, in this embodiment, a fitting groove 322 is provided at one end of the segment 32 near the regulating block 31, and one end of the link 33 is hinged in the fitting groove 322 of the segment 32, taking into account that the size of the fitting groove 322 cannot interfere with the movement of the link 33.
More specifically, in order to increase the stability, the following measures are taken: first, be equipped with the arc wall in semi-ring groove 11 periphery bottom, as shown in fig. 7, sector 32 periphery bottom is equipped with arc 321, and when sector 32 normal running fit in semi-ring groove 11, arc 321 normal running fit in the arc wall. Second, as shown in fig. 7, a guiding rod 311 is disposed on a side of the regulating block 31 facing the clamping member, and as shown in fig. 6, a guiding groove 14 is disposed at a corresponding position of the stage 1, and the guiding rod 311 is slidably engaged with the guiding groove 14.
The reciprocating type shaking table in above-mentioned scheme can the centre gripping a plurality of beakers, only need when using wait to oscillate the beaker of mixing place on objective table 1 can, easy operation has solved among the prior art the problem that the spring just can be placed to the manual work open. Considering that the liquid in the volumetric flask also needs to be mixed evenly during the experiment, the following improvements were made in this example:
as shown in fig. 8, each clamping member further includes a second clamping portion 35, where the second clamping portion 35 is disposed at an end of the segment 32 near the adjusting block 31 through the second bracket, and when the telescopic assembly 2 is shortened, as shown in fig. 3, an end of the segment 32 far from the adjusting block 31 contacts the stage 1, and at this time, the first clamping portion 34 is used for clamping the beaker. When the telescopic assembly 2 is extended, as shown in fig. 9, the fan-shaped block 32 contacts the stage 1 near one end of the regulating block 31, and the second clamping part 35 is gathered for clamping the volumetric flask. Note that the structure of the second clamping part 35 is different from the first clamping part 34, and the clamping surface of the second clamping part 35 needs to be adapted to the outer wall of the volumetric flask, so that in order to prevent the volumetric flask from being damaged by the second clamping part 35, the clamping surface of the second clamping part 35 is also provided with a layer of sponge or rubber.
There are two ways to place the beaker or flask on stage 1:
firstly, directly set up beaker point, volumetric flask point on objective table 1 top surface, be used for placing beaker and volumetric flask respectively.
Second, the first clamping part 34 and the second clamping part 35 are connected to the sector block 32 through screws, so that the first clamping part 34 and the second clamping part 35 with proper sizes can be replaced conveniently according to actual requirements. Preferably, the height of the beaker or volumetric flask on the stage 1 can be adjusted so that the first grip portion 34 is better adapted to the beaker or the second grip portion 35 is better adapted to the volumetric flask, in order to achieve this, the following measures are taken:
the top of the objective table 1 is provided with a lifting table 13 and a height fine adjustment mechanism, the size and the position of the lifting table 13 are based on the fact that the clamping tool 3 is not interfered, the top surface of the lifting table 13 is provided with a beaker point position and a volumetric flask point position, and the beaker point position and the volumetric flask point position are respectively used for placing a beaker and a volumetric flask. The height fine adjustment mechanism is a conventional component, and is not specifically described, and when in use, the height of the lifting platform 13 can be adjusted by utilizing the height fine adjustment mechanism according to actual requirements.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for extracting sun-proof components of pteridophyte, which comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing: oven drying herba Pteridis Latifoliae in electrothermal constant temperature oven, pulverizing, and sieving to obtain powder, wherein the herba Pteridis Latifoliae comprises one or more of rhizoma Osmundae, herba Selaginellae, folium Pyrrosiae, and herba Equiseti Arvinsis, and the preferred herba Pteridis Latifoliae is herba Equiseti Arvinsis.
S2, extracting: weighing three clean beakers, weighing 4.00 and g plant powder into the beakers, adding 30mL of ethanol into the beakers, and uniformly mixing; after soaking for a period of time, heating to 40 ℃ in water bath; extracting in an ultrasonic cleaner, and filtering to obtain plant stock solution.
S3, diluting: transferring the plant stock solution into a volumetric flask, and adding ethanol to a certain volume; mixing to obtain plant extractive solution.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for extracting sun-proof components of pteridophyte, which comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing: oven drying herba Pteridis Latifoliae in electrothermal constant temperature oven, pulverizing, and sieving to obtain powder, wherein the herba Pteridis Latifoliae comprises one or more of rhizoma Osmundae, herba Selaginellae, folium Pyrrosiae, and herba Equiseti Arvinsis, and the preferred herba Pteridis Latifoliae is herba Equiseti Arvinsis.
S2, extracting: weighing three clean beakers, weighing 8.00 and g plant powder into the beakers, adding 60mL of ethanol into the beakers, and uniformly mixing; after soaking for a period of time, heating to 60 ℃ in water bath; extracting in an ultrasonic cleaner, and filtering to obtain plant stock solution.
S3, diluting: transferring the plant stock solution into a volumetric flask, and adding ethanol to a certain volume; mixing to obtain plant extractive solution.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 10, the embodiment provides a method for extracting sun-screening components of pteridophyte, which comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing: oven drying fern in electrothermal constant temperature oven at 50deg.C, pulverizing, and sieving with 60 mesh sieve.
S2, extracting: three clean beakers are taken, 5.00 and g plant powder is weighed into a beaker, 50mL of 50% ethanol is added into the beakers, the beakers are placed on a clamp in the embodiment 1, and the beakers are uniformly mixed by vibration; the mode of shaking and mixing is as follows: when the telescopic assembly 2 is in an extension state, the first clamping part 34 of each clamping tool 3 is in an open state; placing the beaker on the stage 1; the telescopic component 2 is shortened to gather the first clamping parts 34, and a switch of the reciprocating shaking table is turned on after the beaker is clamped; after the mixing is finished, the telescopic assembly 2 stretches for a certain distance, the beaker is taken out, and the telescopic assembly 2 is not stretched to the longest degree at the moment, so that a space is reserved for placing the volumetric flask; it is also possible if the telescopic assembly 2 is extended to the maximum at this time, but it is also necessary to shorten the telescopic assembly 2 in order to open the second clamping portion 35 when placing the volumetric flask at a later stage.
Soaking a beaker at a temperature of 30 ℃ for 12 h, and heating the beaker to 50 ℃ in a water bath after the soaking is completed; placing into an ultrasonic cleaner, setting power to 250W, extracting at 50deg.C for 60 min, and filtering to obtain 100 g.L -1 Plant stock solution.
S3, diluting: transferring plant stock solution 0.20 and mL into a volumetric flask, adding 50% ethanol to a constant volume of 50mL, and manually turning the volumetric flask upside down to perform preliminary uniform mixing; placing the volumetric flask on the fixture in example 1, and shaking and mixing uniformly; the mode of shaking and mixing is as follows: the second clamping part 35 of each clamping tool 3 is in an open state; placing the volumetric flask on the stage 1; the telescopic component 2 stretches to gather the second clamping parts 35, and a switch of the reciprocating shaking table is turned on after the volumetric flask is clamped; mixing uniformly to prepare the mixture with the mass concentration of 0.40 g.L -1 Is prepared from the plant extract.
Test one: selection of optimal extraction solvent for plant sunscreen ingredients
According to the extraction method of example 4, sun-screening active ingredients of Equisetum arvense were extracted with absolute ethanol, 50% ethanol, and distilled water, respectively, ultraviolet absorption spectra were plotted, average absorbance of plant extracts obtained by different extraction solvents in the wavelength range of 280nm to 400nm was calculated, the ultraviolet absorption spectra are shown in FIG. 11, the average absorbance is shown in Table 1, and 50% ethanol was determined as the optimal extraction solvent.
TABLE 1
And (2) testing II: comparison of Sun-screening Performance of plant extract and chemical Sun-screening agent
Accurately weighing sunscreen agent BP-3 and p-aminobenzoic acid 0.50. 0.50 g, respectively, dissolving with 50% ethanol, diluting to 100mL, and preparing into 5.0 g.L -1 Is a mother liquor of (2); accurately transferring mother liquor 0.20 mL, diluting with 50% ethanol to 100mL to obtain 0.01 g.L -1 Is a solution of (a); ultraviolet absorbance spectra were plotted and the average absorbance values at UVA, UVB, 280nm-400nm were calculated, as compared to the natural plant extracts, as shown in table 2, and seen:
the sun-screening agent BP-3 is a UVA efficient ultraviolet absorbent and has the UVB ultraviolet absorption effect, and the para-aminobenzoic acid is a UVB efficient ultraviolet absorbent.
The sun protection effect in the UVA region is as follows: equisetum > BP-3.
The sun protection effect in the UVB region is as follows: equisetum > para-aminobenzoic acid > BP-3.
When the concentration of the field horsetail extract is 40 times that of the chemical sun-screening agent, the sun-screening effect is sequentially as follows: equisetum > BP-3> para-aminobenzoic acid.
Therefore, the 50% ethanol extract of the Equisetum arvense has good ultraviolet absorption effect in the UVA region and the UVB region, and is an efficient broad-spectrum sunscreen agent.
TABLE 2
And (3) test III: influence of pH on Sun protection Properties
The plant extract is packaged into 5 10 mL brown volumetric flasks and placed at room temperature, the pH of the extract is adjusted to 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11 by using 2.0 mol/L NaOH and HCl respectively for 5 samples, the ultraviolet absorption curve of the extract at 280-400 nm under different pH values is measured, and the influence of acid and alkali on the sun-screening capability of the plant extract is examined.
The method comprises the following steps: influence of pH value on sun-screening performance of 50% ethanol extract of cyrtomium fortunei
The pH value of the cyrtomium fortunei 50% ethanol extract is regulated by 2.0 mol/L NaOH and HCl, and the ultraviolet absorption spectrum of the cyrtomium fortunei extract under different pH values is measured as shown in figure 12. It is known that when the pH is less than or equal to 5, the ultraviolet absorption spectra of the extracting solutions of the cyrtomium fortunei with different acidity are basically overlapped. When the pH value of the cyrtomium fortunei extracting solution is more than or equal to 9, the ultraviolet absorption spectrums of the cyrtomium fortunei extracting solutions with different alkalinity are basically coincident. In general, the ultraviolet absorption intensity of the cyrtomium fortunei extracting solutions with different pH values in the wavelength range of 290nm-400nm is as follows: basic or weakly basic (pH.gtoreq.9) > neutral (pH=7) > acidic or weakly acidic (pH.ltoreq.5).
And two,: influence of pH value on sun-proof performance of 50% ethanol extract of herba Selaginellae
The pH value of the 50% ethanol extract of herba Selaginellae was adjusted with 2.0 mol/L NaOH and HCl, and the ultraviolet absorption spectrum of herba Selaginellae extract at different pH values was measured as shown in FIG. 13. As is clear, when the pH is more than or equal to 5, the ultraviolet absorption spectrums of the herba selaginellae extract with different acidity basically coincide, which indicates that the ultraviolet absorption component is not obviously changed when the pH of the herba selaginellae extract is more than or equal to 5, and the ultraviolet absorption performance is stable. When ph=3 of the selaginella extract, absorbance in the range of 280nm to 320nm and 360nm to 400nm was slightly decreased, and ultraviolet absorption capacity was decreased.
And thirdly,: influence of pH on sun-screening performance of 50% ethanol extract of Equisetum arvense
The pH value of the 50% ethanol extract of Equisetum arvense was adjusted with 2.0 mol/L NaOH and HCl, and the ultraviolet absorption spectrum of the Equisetum arvense extract at different pH values was measured and shown in FIG. 14. It is known that when the pH is less than or equal to 7, the ultraviolet absorption spectra of the field horsetail extracting solutions with different acidity basically coincide, which indicates that the ultraviolet absorption components are not obviously changed when the pH is less than or equal to 7, and the ultraviolet absorption performance is stable. When the pH of the Equisetum arvense extract is >7, the ultraviolet absorption capacity at 280nm-350nm is obviously reduced, and the ultraviolet absorption capacity at 360nm-400nm is weakened along with the increase of alkalinity, so that if the ultraviolet protection performance of the Equisetum arvense extract in the range of 360nm-400nm is required to be improved, the Equisetum arvense extract can be considered to be used under the weak alkaline condition.
And (3) testing four: influence of illumination time on Sun-screening Performance
And (3) placing one part of 50% ethanol extract of Equisetum arvense in winter between 9:00 and 17:00 for natural sunlight irradiation, and storing the other part in dark place. Sampling after illumination time is 0, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h respectively, measuring ultraviolet absorption curve of the extracting solution at 280-400 nm, calculating absorbance at maximum absorption wavelength and retention rate of average absorbance values of UVA and UVB, and examining influence of illumination on sun-screening ability of the 50% ethanol extracting solution of Equisetum arvense. Retention= (a/A0) ×100%, where: a0 is absorbance of the extracting solution at the beginning, and A is absorbance of the extracting solution after standing for t time. The effect of natural light on the sun-proof performance of 50% ethanol extract of Equisetum arvense is shown in Table 3. The results of the influence of the light-shielding condition on the sun-shielding performance of the 50% ethanol extract of the Equisetum arvense are shown in Table 4, respectively, and it is known that the absorbance of the extract of the Equisetum arvense at the maximum absorption wavelength and the average absorbance retention rate of UVA and UVB are slightly reduced under the light-shielding condition, but the influence is not obvious, and the Equisetum arvense is considered to be basically stable under the light-shielding condition.
TABLE 3 Table 3
TABLE 4 Table 4
Test five: influence of temperature on sunscreening Properties
Subpackaging 50% ethanol extract of Equisetum arvense into 5 10 mL brown volumetric flasks, respectively placing 5 bottles of the solution in heat preservation devices at 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 ℃, taking out the solution after 4 h, recovering the solution to room temperature, measuring ultraviolet absorption curves of the extract at 280-400 nm after 4 h heat preservation at different temperatures, calculating the absorbance at the maximum absorption wavelength and the retention rate of the average absorbance values of UVA and UVB, and examining the influence of the temperature on the sun-screening capability of the plant extract. The results are shown in Table 5, and it is found that the average absorbance of UVA and UVB of absorbance of the extract at the maximum absorption wavelength slightly varies, but the influence is not obvious after the 50% ethanol extract of Equisetum arvense is incubated at 0 ℃ for 4 h. It is considered that at 0 c, the temperature has a weak influence on the ultraviolet ray absorption ability of 50% ethanol extract of equisetum. When the temperature is increased to 10-40 ℃, the absorbance of the 50% ethanol extract of the Equisetum arvense is obviously reduced, which indicates that the extract is unstable in the temperature range of 10-40 ℃ and has weak ultraviolet absorption capacity.
TABLE 5
The above embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and are not meant to be exclusive or limiting. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The extraction method of the sun-proof component of the pteridophyte is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, crushing: oven drying fern, pulverizing, and sieving;
s2, extracting: weighing a plurality of clean beakers, weighing 4g-8g of plant powder in the beakers, adding 30mL-60mL of ethanol into the beakers, placing the beakers on a clamp at the top of a reciprocating shaking table, and shaking and uniformly mixing; after soaking for a period of time, heating to 40-60 ℃ in water bath; extracting in an ultrasonic cleaner, and filtering to obtain plant stock solution;
the clamp comprises an objective table (1), a telescopic component (2) and a plurality of clamping tools (3), wherein a plurality of groups of annular grooves are arranged on the top surface of the objective table (1), each group of annular grooves comprises two semi-annular grooves (11) which are oppositely arranged, an experiment container is placed between the two semi-annular grooves (11), a plurality of regulating grooves (12) are arranged on the bottom surface of the objective table (1), the regulating grooves (12) are communicated with a corresponding group of annular grooves, the telescopic component (2) is arranged at the bottom of the objective table (1), a supporting plate (21) is arranged at the movable end of the telescopic component, a plurality of convex plates (22) are arranged at the top of the supporting plate (21), the array of the plurality of clamping tools (3) is arranged in a row, the array direction of the clamping tools is perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the telescopic component (2), each clamping tool (3) comprises a regulating block (31) and two clamping pieces which are oppositely arranged, the regulating block (31) is arranged in the corresponding regulating grooves (12), the bottom of the regulating block (31) is connected with the corresponding convex plates (22), each clamping piece comprises a sector block (32), a first clamping part (34) is rotatably matched with the corresponding sector block (11), the sector block (32) is arranged at one end of the sector block (32), the other end of the sector block (32) is far away from the first end (32) through the corresponding sector block (32), the concrete mode of vibration mixing is as follows:
when the telescopic assembly (2) is in an extension state, the first clamping part (34) of each clamping tool (3) is in an open state; placing the beaker on an objective table (1); the telescopic component (2) is shortened to gather the first clamping part (34), and a switch of the reciprocating shaking table is turned on after the beaker is clamped;
s3, diluting: transferring the plant stock solution into volumetric flask, adding ethanol to desired volume, mixing to obtain solution with mass concentration of 0.20g.L -1 -1.00g·L -1 Is prepared from the plant extract.
2. The method for extracting sun-screening components from pteridophytes according to claim 1, wherein step S1 is as follows: oven drying fern in electrothermal constant temperature oven at 50deg.C, pulverizing, and sieving with 60 mesh sieve.
3. The method for extracting sun-screening components from pteridophytes according to claim 2, wherein step S2 is as follows: weighing 5.00 and g plant powder in a beaker, adding 50mL of 50% ethanol into the beaker, and uniformly mixing; 30. soaking at the temperature of 12-h, and heating in water bath to 50 ℃ after the soaking is completed; placing into an ultrasonic cleaner, setting power at 250W, extracting at 50deg.C for 60 min, and filtering to obtain a concentration of100g·L -1 Plant stock solution.
4. A method for extracting sun-protecting components from pteridophyte according to claim 3, wherein step S3 is as follows: transferring plant stock solution 0.20 mL into volumetric flask, adding 50% ethanol to constant volume of 50mL, mixing to obtain solution with mass concentration of 0.40 g.L -1 Is prepared from the plant extract.
5. The method for extracting sun-protecting components from pteridophyte according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the pteridophyte comprises one or more of cyrtomium fortunei, selaginella tamariscina, pyrrosia lingua and field horsetail.
6. The method for extracting sun-proof components of pteridophyte according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the periphery of the semi-ring groove (11) is provided with an arc groove, the bottom of the periphery of the sector block (32) is provided with an arc plate (321), one end of the sector block (32) close to the regulating block (31) is provided with an assembling groove (322), one end of the connecting rod (33) is hinged in the assembling groove (322) of the sector block (32), in the step S2, when the telescopic assembly (2) is shortened, the regulating block (31) moves towards the direction of the clamping piece, the connecting rod (33) can promote the sector block (32) to be in rotary fit with the semi-ring groove (11), and at the moment, the arc plate (321) is in rotary fit with the arc groove.
7. The method for extracting sun-screening components from pteridophytes according to claim 1, wherein a guide rod (311) is arranged on one side of the regulating block (31) facing the clamping piece, a guide groove (14) is arranged at a corresponding position of the objective table (1), and in step S2, when the telescopic assembly (2) is shortened, the regulating block (31) moves towards the clamping piece, and the guide rod (311) is slidably matched with the guide groove (14).
8. The method for extracting sun-proof components of pteridophyte according to claim 1, wherein each clamping piece further comprises a second clamping part (35), the second clamping part (35) is arranged at one end of the sector block (32) close to the regulating block (31) through a second bracket, the second clamping part (35) is used for clamping a volumetric flask, and in the step S3, the volumetric flask is uniformly mixed in the following manner:
firstly, manually turning the volumetric flask upside down to perform preliminary mixing; when the telescopic assembly (2) is in a shortened state, the second clamping part (35) of each clamping tool (3) is in an opened state; then placing the volumetric flask on the objective table (1); the telescopic component (2) stretches to gather the second clamping part (35), and the switch of the reciprocating shaking table is opened after the volumetric flask is clamped.
9. A method for extracting sun-screening component of pteridophyte according to claim 8, wherein in step S2, when the telescopic assembly (2) is shortened and one end of the sector (32) far from the regulating block (31) contacts the stage (1), the first clamping portion (34) is used for clamping the beaker; in the step S3, when the telescopic component (2) stretches and one end of the sector block (32) close to the regulating block (31) contacts the objective table (1), the second clamping part (35) is used for clamping the volumetric flask.
10. The method for extracting sun-proof components of pteridophytes according to claim 8, wherein a lifting table (13) and a height fine adjustment mechanism are arranged at the top of the objective table (1), the size and the position of the lifting table (13) are based on the fact that the clamping tool (3) is not interfered, a beaker point position and a volumetric flask point position are arranged on the top surface of the lifting table (13) and are respectively used for placing a beaker and a volumetric flask, and in the step S2 or S3, the height of the lifting table (13) is adjusted by the height fine adjustment mechanism according to actual requirements before the beaker or the volumetric flask is placed on the lifting table (13).
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