CN117187506A - 1.2377 forging heat treatment process - Google Patents
1.2377 forging heat treatment process Download PDFInfo
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- CN117187506A CN117187506A CN202311298378.XA CN202311298378A CN117187506A CN 117187506 A CN117187506 A CN 117187506A CN 202311298378 A CN202311298378 A CN 202311298378A CN 117187506 A CN117187506 A CN 117187506A
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006032 tissue transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a 1.2377 forging heat treatment process, wherein after forging, the forging is preserved in a heating furnace at 500-750 ℃, the temperature is raised to 800-900 ℃ for heat preservation, and after heat preservation, the forging is cooled to 300 ℃ or less along with furnace cooling at 30 ℃/h or less and is discharged for air cooling; heating to 400-500 ℃ at a heating speed, preserving heat, heating to 600-700 ℃ after heat preservation, heating to 860-1000 ℃ after heat preservation, preserving heat, slowly cooling along with a furnace, cooling to 850-950 ℃ for heat preservation, discharging, cooling, pre-cooling for 100-300 s, placing the forging into an oil groove or an aqueous solution groove for cooling, cooling to 200-250 ℃ on the surface of the forging, hanging the forging out of quenching liquid for air cooling, and air cooling to 100-150 ℃ on the surface of the forging; and the high-temperature tempering is carried out twice at 600-700 ℃, so that the internal stress is effectively removed, the tempering brittleness sensitivity is reduced, and the plasticity and toughness of the forging are improved. After forging, the uniformity of the forging structure is ensured, and the formation of a reticular structure is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of heat treatment of metal materials, and particularly relates to a 1.2377 forging heat treatment process which can ensure the uniformity of a forging structure and avoid the formation of a net structure after forging, and meanwhile, in the subsequent heat treatment process, under the premise of not generating precipitates and not influencing the quenching cooling effect, the complete austenite is slowly cooled to a certain temperature along with a furnace after being homogenized, and the forging is discharged from the furnace for quenching cooling, so that the quenching cooling strength is reduced, the final heat treatment performance result is ensured to meet the standard requirement, and the product quality is ensured.
Background
In actual production, the reason that the quality of a product is influenced mainly in two aspects is that a 1.2377 round bar or a step shaft with the outer diameter phi of 100-phi 500mm is provided, on one hand, because the C content is higher, the thermoplasticity is poorer at high temperature, the forging is easy to crack in the forging process, in order to ensure the forging forming, the forging is carried out by returning to a furnace for multiple times and heating at high temperature when the material forging is produced, the forged blank structure is thicker, if the annealing mode after forging is improper, a reticular structure is easy to be generated, and quenching cracking can be generated in the subsequent tempering to cause waste products; on the other hand, according to the conventional quenching heating temperature mode, the quenching heating temperature is higher, and the workpiece is cracked and the product quality is seriously influenced due to overlarge thermal stress and tissue transformation stress in the process of discharging quenching and cooling, so that the actual production condition is combined, and a heat treatment process method capable of guaranteeing the integral quality of the forged forging and guaranteeing the quenching effect is urgently needed.
Object of the Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a 1.2377 forging heat treatment process, so that the final heat treatment performance result of the 1.2377 forging can meet the standard requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a1.2377 forging heat treatment process comprises the following steps:
step 1), annealing: placing the forging into a heating furnace with the furnace temperature of 500-750 ℃ for heat preservation for 2-5 h, heating to 800-900 ℃ at the heating speed of less than or equal to 80 ℃/h for heat preservation for 2-20 h, then discharging and air cooling along with furnace cooling to less than or equal to 300 ℃ at the speed of less than or equal to 30 ℃/h, air cooling to room temperature, and performing step 1) placing the forging into the heating furnace for quenching;
step 2), quenching: placing the forge piece into a heating furnace with the furnace temperature less than or equal to 350 ℃, heating to 400-500 ℃ at the heating speed less than or equal to 80 ℃/h, preserving heat for 2-10 h, heating to 600-700 ℃ at the heating speed less than or equal to 80 ℃/h, preserving heat for 4-20 h at the heating speed more than or equal to 80 ℃/h, heating to 860-1000 ℃, then carrying out slow cooling along with the furnace, cooling to 850-950 ℃ for 1h to 4h, discharging, quenching, pre-cooling for 100-300 s, placing the forge piece in an oil groove, controlling the liquid temperature at 20-60 ℃ when quenching is started, or placing the forge piece in a water solution groove, controlling the liquid temperature at 25-40 ℃ when quenching is started, and cooling for 40-120 min; cooling to the surface temperature of the forging piece at 200-250 ℃, lifting the forging piece out of the quenching liquid for air cooling, cooling to the surface temperature of the forging piece at 100-150 ℃, and carrying out the step 2) to put the forging piece into a box-type heating furnace for primary high-temperature tempering;
step 3), primary high temperature tempering: placing the forge piece into a heating furnace with the furnace temperature less than or equal to 250 ℃, heating to 400-500 ℃ at the heating speed less than or equal to 80 ℃/h, preserving heat for 2-10 h, heating to 620-700 ℃ at the heating speed less than or equal to 80 ℃/h, preserving heat for 2-30 h, then discharging the forge piece from the furnace to air cooling to room temperature at the cooling speed less than or equal to 80 ℃/h, and performing the step 3) placing the forge piece into a box-type heating furnace for secondary high-temperature tempering;
step 4), secondary high temperature tempering: and (3) placing the forge piece into a heating furnace with the furnace temperature less than or equal to 250 ℃, heating to 400-500 ℃ at the heating speed less than or equal to 80 ℃/h, preserving heat for 2-10 h, heating to 600-680 ℃ at the heating speed less than or equal to 80 ℃/h, preserving heat for 2-30 h, and discharging and air cooling to room temperature.
The process of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the structure of the forging stock is uniformly spheroidized through step heating and annealing, so that a good forging stock structure is obtained;
2. the complete austenitization is ensured by high-temperature heating, the temperature is reduced to a certain quenching temperature along with furnace cooling under the condition of ensuring the structure, the homogenization of the internal structure of the forging is ensured, the quenching cooling effect is ensured, the quenching cooling intensity is reduced, and the cracking risk of the forging is avoided;
3. the high-temperature tempering is carried out twice at 600-700 ℃, so that the internal stress can be effectively removed, the tempering brittleness sensitivity can be reduced, the plasticity and toughness of the forging can be improved, and the final heat treatment performance result can meet the standard requirement.
Detailed Description
Example 1: a 1.2377 forging heat treatment process. Steel grade: 1.2377. the chemical components are as follows: c=0.86%, si=0.28%, mn=0.40%, cr=1.73%, ni=0.20%, s=0.003%, p=0.008%, mo=0.24%, V0.08. Specification of: phi 315 round bar.
The heat treatment process is as follows:
step 1), annealing: placing the forge piece into a heating furnace with the furnace temperature of 600 ℃ for heat preservation for 3 hours, heating to 880 ℃ at the heating speed of 60 ℃/h for heat preservation for 6 hours, then discharging from the furnace for air cooling along with furnace cooling to 295 ℃ at the speed of 30 ℃/h, and air cooling to room temperature;
step 2), after the execution of the step 1) is finished, loading the forging into a heating furnace for quenching, wherein the quenching comprises the following steps of: placing the forging into a heating furnace with the furnace temperature of 280 ℃, heating to 450 ℃ at the heating rate of 60 ℃/h, preserving heat for 2 hours, heating to 650 ℃ at the heating rate of 60 ℃/h, preserving heat for 3 hours, heating to 900 ℃ at the heating rate of 100 ℃/h, preserving heat for 6 hours, carrying out slow cooling along with the furnace, cooling to 880 ℃, preserving heat for 1 hour, discharging, quenching, cooling for 170 seconds, placing the forging into an oil groove (the liquid temperature is controlled at 45 ℃ when quenching is started), cooling to the surface temperature of the forging, hanging the forging out of a quenching liquid at 230 ℃ for air cooling, and air cooling to the surface temperature of the forging to 140 ℃;
and 3) after the execution of the step 2), loading the forging into a heating furnace to execute one-time high-temperature tempering, wherein the one-time high-temperature tempering is as follows: placing the forge piece into a heating furnace with the furnace temperature of 215 ℃, heating to 450 ℃ at the heating speed of 60 ℃/h, preserving heat for 2 hours, heating to 680 ℃ at the heating speed of 60 ℃/h, preserving heat for 12 hours, and then cooling to 330 ℃ at the cooling speed of 50 ℃/h, discharging and cooling to room temperature;
and 4) after the execution of the step 3) is finished, loading the forging into a heating furnace for secondary high-temperature tempering, wherein the secondary high-temperature tempering is carried out: and (3) putting the forge piece into a heating furnace with the furnace temperature of 241 ℃, heating to 450 ℃ at the heating speed of 60 ℃/h, preserving heat for 2 hours, heating to 650 ℃ at the heating speed of 60 ℃/h, preserving heat for 12 hours, and then discharging and air cooling to room temperature.
After the heat treatment process was carried out, the detection results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 detection results
After the 1.2377 forging heat treatment process is used for production, the performance detection result meets the requirements.
Example 2: a 1.2377 forging heat treatment process. Steel grade: 1.2377. the chemical components are as follows: c=0.84%, si=0.24%, mn=0.39%, cr=1.75%, ni=0.08%, s=0.003%, p=0.008%, mo=0.26%, V0.1. Specification of: phi 315 round bar.
The heat treatment process is as follows:
step 1), annealing: placing the forge piece into a heating furnace with the furnace temperature of 600 ℃ for heat preservation for 3 hours, heating to 880 ℃ at the heating speed of 60 ℃/h for heat preservation for 6 hours, then discharging from the furnace for air cooling along with furnace cooling to 280 ℃ at the speed of 30 ℃/h, and air cooling to room temperature;
step 2), after the execution of the step 1) is finished, loading the forging into a heating furnace for quenching, wherein the quenching comprises the following steps of: placing the forging into a heating furnace with the furnace temperature of 300 ℃, heating to 450 ℃ at the heating rate of 60 ℃/h, preserving heat for 2 hours, heating to 650 ℃ at the heating rate of 60 ℃/h, preserving heat for 3 hours, heating to 900 ℃ at the heating rate of 100 ℃/h, preserving heat for 6 hours, carrying out slow cooling along with the furnace, cooling to 880 ℃, preserving heat for 1 hour, discharging, quenching, cooling for 170 seconds, placing the forging into an oil groove (the liquid temperature is controlled at 40 ℃ when quenching is started), cooling to the surface temperature of the forging, hanging the forging out of a quenching liquid at 230 ℃ for air cooling, and air cooling to the surface temperature of the forging to 145 ℃;
and 3) after the execution of the step 2) is finished, loading the forging into a heating furnace to execute one-time high-temperature tempering, and performing one-time high-temperature tempering: placing the forge piece into a heating furnace with the furnace temperature of 220 ℃, heating to 450 ℃ at the heating speed of 60 ℃/h, preserving heat for 2 hours, heating to 680 ℃ at the heating speed of 60 ℃/h, preserving heat for 12 hours, and then cooling to 332 ℃ at the cooling speed of 50 ℃/h, discharging and cooling to room temperature;
and 4) after the execution of the step 3) is finished, loading the forging into a heating furnace for secondary high-temperature tempering, wherein the secondary high-temperature tempering is carried out: and (3) putting the forge piece into a heating furnace with the furnace temperature of 239 ℃, heating to 450 ℃ at the heating speed of 60 ℃/h, preserving heat for 2 hours, heating to 650 ℃ at the heating speed of 60 ℃/h, preserving heat for 12 hours, and then discharging and air cooling to room temperature.
After the heat treatment process was carried out, the detection results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 detection results
After the 1.2377 forging heat treatment process is used for production, the performance detection result meets the requirements.
Claims (1)
1. A 1.2377 forging heat treatment process, which is characterized in that: the specific heat treatment process is as follows:
step 1), annealing: after the forging is finished, placing the forging into a heating furnace with the furnace temperature of 500-750 ℃ for 2-5 h, heating to 800-900 ℃ at the heating speed of less than or equal to 80 ℃/h for heat preservation for 2-20 h, then discharging from the furnace for air cooling along with furnace cooling to less than or equal to 300 ℃ at the speed of less than or equal to 30 ℃/h, air cooling to room temperature, and performing step 1) placing the forging into the heating furnace for quenching;
step 2), quenching: placing the forge piece into a heating furnace with the furnace temperature less than or equal to 350 ℃, heating to 400-500 ℃ at the heating speed less than or equal to 80 ℃/h, preserving heat for 2-10 h, heating to 600-700 ℃ at the heating speed less than or equal to 80 ℃/h, preserving heat for 4-20 h at the heating speed more than or equal to 80 ℃/h, heating to 860-1000 ℃, carrying out slow cooling along with the furnace, cooling to 850-950 ℃ for 1-4 h, discharging, quenching, pre-cooling for 100-300 s, placing the forge piece in an oil groove, and controlling the liquid temperature at 20-60 ℃ when quenching is started; or placing the steel wire rope into an aqueous solution tank, wherein the concentration of the aqueous solution is 8% -12%, the temperature of the liquid is controlled to be 25 ℃ -40 ℃ when quenching is started, and cooling is carried out for 40 min-120 min; cooling to the surface temperature of the forging piece at 200-250 ℃, lifting the forging piece out of the quenching liquid for air cooling, cooling to the surface temperature of the forging piece at 100-150 ℃, and carrying out the step 2) to put the forging piece into a heating furnace for primary high-temperature tempering;
step 3), primary high temperature tempering: placing the forge piece into a heating furnace with the furnace temperature less than or equal to 250 ℃, heating to 400-500 ℃ at the heating speed less than or equal to 80 ℃/h, preserving heat for 2-10 h, heating to 620-700 ℃ at the heating speed less than or equal to 80 ℃/h, preserving heat for 2-30 h, then discharging the forge piece from the furnace to air cooling to room temperature at the cooling speed less than or equal to 80 ℃/h, and performing the step 3) placing the forge piece into the heating furnace for secondary high-temperature tempering;
step 4), secondary high temperature tempering: and (3) placing the forge piece into a heating furnace with the furnace temperature less than or equal to 250 ℃, heating to 400-500 ℃ at the heating speed less than or equal to 80 ℃/h, preserving heat for 2-10 h, heating to 600-680 ℃ at the heating speed less than or equal to 80 ℃/h, preserving heat for 2-30 h, discharging and cooling to room temperature.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311298378.XA CN117187506A (en) | 2023-10-09 | 2023-10-09 | 1.2377 forging heat treatment process |
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