CN117182483B - Balancing process method for hollow shaft parts - Google Patents
Balancing process method for hollow shaft parts Download PDFInfo
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- CN117182483B CN117182483B CN202311443845.3A CN202311443845A CN117182483B CN 117182483 B CN117182483 B CN 117182483B CN 202311443845 A CN202311443845 A CN 202311443845A CN 117182483 B CN117182483 B CN 117182483B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 131
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The application relates to a balancing process method of a hollow shaft part, which comprises the following steps: measuring the unbalance of a hollow shaft workpiece with a machined outer contour, and recording the unbalance; calculating the recorded unbalance amount, and determining position coordinate data of process references at two ends of the shaft; marking a target position corresponding to the position coordinate data, and determining a first process reference; and determining a second process reference for subsequent processing according to the first process reference, and completing processing based on the second process reference. The method and the device can realize the coincidence of the mass center and the rotation center of the part, meet the technical requirements of the residual unbalance of the part, improve the qualification rate, improve the system effectiveness and effectively expand the design and application range of the high-speed rotating hollow shaft part.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of mechanical cutting processing, in particular to a balancing process method for hollow shaft parts.
Background
The shaft is used to support the drive components, transmitting torque or motion. The shaft is required to bear load during operation, certain rotation precision is ensured, the processing surface of the shaft part is usually provided with an inner cylindrical surface, an outer cylindrical surface, an inner conical surface, an outer conical surface, a step plane, an end plane, threads, splines, key grooves and grooves, and the shaft part rotating at high speed is usually in the form of a cylindrical rotation body, and the processing mode is mainly turning. During turning, the clamped process datum coincides with or is concentric with the mass center of the workpiece, and the residual unbalance of the finished workpiece can be controlled. In order to enable the shaft parts rotating at high speed to have higher rotation precision and stability, unbalance amount is required in technical requirements.
In the existing processing technology, a mode of designing a balance correction area on a part is often adopted, the balance of the part is realized by adding or removing materials, or the shape and size precision of each part of the part are ensured by a precision machining method, and the balance of the mass distribution of the shaft part is realized by improving the shape and size precision of a workpiece, so that the balance requirement of the part is met.
The two balancing modes have advantages and limitations in practical application, and can meet the requirements of most high-speed rotating shaft parts, however, aiming at shaft parts which are hollow and are difficult to machine in a cavity, the two balancing modes are difficult to meet the machining requirements, such as a motor shaft for a new energy electric automobile, and in order to make the motor shaft lighter in weight, the shaft adopts a hollow design, so that the problems of high rotating speed, large batch, uneven thickness of the inner wall of the cavity, difficult control and incapability of directly controlling the mass center are easily caused in the process of practical application. The parts of the hollow shaft which rotate at a high speed are affected by various factors such as structural strength, installation space, assembly characteristics and the like, and the balance adjustment area design cannot be performed. Only the process parameters in the processing process are controlled to ensure the final unbalance amount of the part, and great difficulty is brought to the design and quality control links of the processing process. The product qualification rate can not be guaranteed fundamentally. Meanwhile, the process measurement and control parameters among the working procedures are basically irrelevant to the residual unbalance, so that the process improvement of the part cannot find the direction. The product yield cannot be effectively improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a balancing process method of hollow shaft parts, which aims to solve the problems that the design and quality control links of the processing process are extremely difficult and the rejection rate is high because the final unbalance of the parts is ensured only by controlling the process parameters in the processing process of the inner walls of the holes of the existing hollow shaft parts.
The invention provides the following scheme:
a balancing process method of a hollow shaft part comprises the following steps:
measuring the unbalance of a hollow shaft workpiece with a machined outer contour, and recording the unbalance;
calculating the recorded unbalance amount, and determining position coordinate data of process references at two ends of the shaft;
marking a target position corresponding to the position coordinate data, and determining a first process reference;
and determining a second process reference for subsequent processing according to the first process reference, and completing processing based on the second process reference.
The balancing process method for the hollow shaft part, as described above, is characterized in that the step of measuring the unbalance amount of the hollow shaft workpiece with the machined external profile and recording the unbalance amount comprises the following steps:
measuring the unbalance amount of the hollow shaft workpiece with the machined outer contour;
and calculating the offset distance and the angle of the two end faces of the hollow shaft workpiece according to the unbalance amount.
The balancing process method for the hollow shaft part, as described above, includes the steps of identifying a target position corresponding to the position coordinate data, and determining a first process reference, where the method includes:
marking a target position corresponding to the position coordinate data, and setting a starting position of rotation;
and cutting and processing the first process reference according to the position coordinate data, the mark and the initial position.
The balancing process method for the hollow shaft part, as described above, wherein the step of marking the target position corresponding to the position coordinate data and setting the starting position of the revolution further includes:
adding the assistance of the corresponding tool according to the position coordinate data, the mark and the initial position;
and determining the first process reference according to the assistance of the corresponding tool.
The hollow shaft workpiece comprises a hollow shaft workpiece with through holes at two ends, a hollow shaft workpiece without through holes at two ends, a hollow shaft workpiece with through holes at one end, a hollow shaft workpiece with radial through holes or a hollow shaft workpiece with radial through holes and axial through holes.
According to the balancing process method for the hollow shaft part, the target position corresponding to the position coordinate data is marked, and in the step of setting the starting position of rotation, the mark is made at the corresponding position by means of laser, code spraying, labeling, marking by a pen or tool adding.
In the balancing process method for the hollow shaft part, the target position corresponding to the position coordinate data is marked, and the target position comprises an end face of the shaft, an outer circular face of the shaft, an outer contour face of the shaft or a stepped face of the shaft in the step of setting the starting position of rotation.
According to the balancing process method for the hollow shaft part, in the step of cutting the first process reference according to the position coordinate data, the mark and the initial position, the method for cutting the first process reference comprises the steps of generating a center hole at two end faces of a machining shaft, machining to generate a new outer circular surface and a new plane.
According to the balancing process method for the hollow shaft part, in the step of adding the assistance of the corresponding tool according to the position coordinate data, the mark and the starting position, the method for adding the assistance of the corresponding tool comprises the steps of adding a central hole on the tool, adding an outer circular surface on the tool, adding a positioning pin hole on the tool, adding a key slot on the tool, adding a spigot on the tool, adding an index plate on the tool or adding an encoder on the tool.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the embodiment of the invention, the unbalance amount of the hollow shaft workpiece with the processed outer contour is measured, the recorded unbalance amount is calculated, the position coordinate data of the process references at the two ends of the shaft are determined, the first process reference is determined by marking the target position, the second process reference for subsequent processing is determined, and the processing is completed based on the second process reference, so that the coincidence of the mass center and the rotation center of the part can be realized, the technical requirement of the residual unbalance amount of the part is met, the qualification rate is improved, the system effectiveness is improved, and the design and application range of the hollow shaft part with high speed rotation is effectively expanded.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a balancing process method for hollow shaft-like parts according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of step S11 in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of step S13 in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a first type of hollow shaft-like workpiece according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 shows a second type of hollow shaft workpiece according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a third category of hollow shaft-like workpieces in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 shows a fourth type of hollow shaft workpiece according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a fifth category of hollow shaft-like workpieces in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, the present embodiment provides a balancing process method for hollow shaft parts, including S11-S14, wherein:
and S11, measuring the unbalance of the hollow shaft workpiece with the machined outer contour, and recording the unbalance.
According to the method, the unbalance amount of the hollow shaft workpiece with the machined outer contour is measured through the measuring device, the data are stored and recorded, the unbalance amount data set is generated, the data processing and corresponding process determination can be more conveniently and rapidly carried out, and therefore machining operation of shaft parts is achieved.
As a preferable scheme, but not particularly limited, as shown in fig. 4 to 8, the kinds of the hollow shaft type work include hollow and having through holes at both ends, hollow and having through holes at one end, hollow and having radial through holes or hollow and having radial through holes and axial through holes.
According to the method, the hollow shaft workpieces are classified, different hollow shaft workpieces are provided with different through holes, and if the first reference process is determined by adding the auxiliary tool, the first reference process is required to be matched with the hollow shaft workpieces, so that the machining process is smoother and more stable.
As a preferred embodiment, but not particularly limited thereto, step S11 includes S111-S112, wherein:
s111, measuring unbalance of the hollow shaft workpiece with the machined outer contour.
According to the method, the unbalance amount on the two sides and the data information related to the unbalance amount can be determined rapidly through the measurement of the unbalance amount on the two sides by the measuring device, so that the subsequent processing process is more accurate and reliable.
S112, calculating the offset distance and the angle of the two end faces of the hollow shaft workpiece according to the unbalance amount.
According to the embodiment, a plurality of groups of experiments are performed on the unbalance amount, the unbalance amount on two sides is measured, some measured results are analyzed, and the offset distance and the offset angle on two sides are determined according to the corresponding correction results, so that the measured results are more accurate and reliable, and the processing process is smoother and more stable.
Experimental data for the test procedure are shown in the following table:
and S12, calculating the recorded unbalance amount, and determining the position coordinate data of the process references at the two ends of the shaft.
According to the method, the recorded unbalance amount is calculated by adopting a preset algorithm, the data are screened to determine the position coordinate data of the process references at the two ends of the shaft, the data can be better processed to obtain the required data result, the position coordinate numbers of the process references at the two ends of the shaft are determined from the data, and therefore the first process reference which is the initial process reference for the first processing is better determined.
S13, marking a target position corresponding to the position coordinate data, and determining a first process reference.
According to the embodiment, through the determined position coordinate data, the target data corresponding to the data of the part are marked in a plurality of modes, and the corresponding starting position of the revolution is set. And the first process reference is determined in an auxiliary mode through cutting or tool adding, so that the precision is higher and the reliability is stronger.
As a preferred scheme, but not particularly limited, the identification is made at the corresponding position by means of laser, code spraying, labeling, marking with a pen or adding a tool.
According to the method, the corresponding positions of the shaft parts to be processed are marked in the mode of laser, code spraying, labeling and pen marking or tool adding, the target positions can be better identified, the actual positions are determined, the first process reference is finally and rapidly determined, and the accuracy is high.
As a preferred embodiment, the target position includes, but is not particularly limited to, an end surface of the shaft, an outer circumferential surface of the shaft, an outer contour surface of the shaft, or a stepped surface of the shaft.
The embodiment determines the target position on the end face of the shaft, the outer circular face of the shaft, the outer contour face of the shaft or the stepped face of the shaft. The method has the advantages that the target position of the mark can be well determined, the searching is quicker and more efficient, the processing can be more quickly performed, and the precision can be better ensured.
As a preferred embodiment, but not particularly limited thereto, step S13 includes S1311-S1312, wherein:
s1311, marking a target position corresponding to the position coordinate data, and setting a starting position of rotation.
According to the embodiment, the mark is made on the target position corresponding to the position coordinate data, after the mark is made, the position where the cutting tool is needed or the tooling is additionally arranged for assistance can be better determined by setting the starting position of rotation, so that the accuracy of machining is higher, and the reliability is better.
S1312, cutting and processing a first process reference according to the position coordinate data, the mark and the initial position.
According to the embodiment, the shaft parts are combined according to the position coordinate data, the marks and the initial positions, and the shaft parts are machined for the first time in a cutting machining mode, so that a first process reference is determined, namely an initial model is machined, and subsequent machining operation is conducted after unification.
As a preferred embodiment, but not particularly limited thereto, the method of cutting the first process reference includes generating a center hole at both end surfaces of the machining shaft, machining to generate a new outer circumferential surface, and machining to generate a new outer circumferential surface and a plane surface.
According to the method for determining the first process reference by cutting, the machining can be performed more quickly and efficiently, the machining position is clarified, and the machining efficiency is higher.
As a preferred embodiment, but not particularly limited thereto, step S13 includes S1321 to S1322, wherein:
step S1321 is performed after step S1311, and the step S is identical to step S1311 before the step S1311, which is not described herein.
S1321, adding the assistance of the corresponding tool according to the position coordinate data, the mark and the initial position.
According to the method, the position points to be processed are determined through the position coordinate data, the corresponding position points are determined through the identification, and the auxiliary of the corresponding tool is determined by combining the information of the initial position, namely the initial position of the processing and the information of the position points corresponding to the processing process.
As a preferred solution, but not particularly limited, the method for adding the assistance of the corresponding tool includes adding a central hole on the tool, adding an outer circular surface on the tool, adding a positioning pin hole on the tool, adding a key slot on the tool, adding a spigot on the tool, adding an index plate on the tool, or adding an encoder on the tool.
According to the embodiment, the first process reference can be better determined by determining the type of the additionally arranged tool through the corresponding position, the type of the hollow shaft workpiece is matched with the type of the hollow shaft workpiece, and the corresponding tool position.
S1322, determining the first process reference according to the assistance of the corresponding tool.
According to the method, the auxiliary tool is additionally arranged on the shaft part, the first process reference is determined, namely, the auxiliary tool is additionally arranged on the part, and the auxiliary tool is used as initial process reference information, so that the subsequent processing process is smoother.
S14, determining a second process reference of subsequent processing according to the first process reference, and completing processing based on the second process reference.
According to the embodiment, the matched second process reference is determined according to the first process reference by adopting different cutting machining or additionally arranging tools, and the shaft parts are continuously machined by adopting the second process reference until the machining work of the parts is completed, so that the coincidence of the mass center and the rotation center of the parts can be realized, the technical requirements of the residual unbalance of the parts are met, and the qualification rate is improved.
According to the method, the unbalance amount of the hollow shaft workpiece with the machined external contour is measured, the recorded unbalance amount is calculated, the position coordinate data of the process references at the two ends of the shaft are determined, the first process reference is determined by marking the target position, the second process reference for subsequent machining is determined, machining is completed based on the second process reference, the coincidence of the mass center and the rotation center of the part can be achieved, the technical requirement of the residual unbalance amount of the part is met, the qualification rate is improved, the system effectiveness is improved, and the design and application range of the hollow shaft part with the high-speed rotation is effectively expanded.
The above description of one embodiment provided in connection with a particular disclosure is not intended to limit the practice of this application to that particular disclosure. Any approximation, or substitution of techniques for the methods, structures, etc. of the present application or for the purposes of making a number of technological deductions or substitutions based on the concepts of the present application should be considered as the scope of protection of the present application.
Claims (6)
1. The balancing process method for the hollow shaft parts is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
measuring the unbalance of a hollow shaft workpiece with a machined outer contour, and recording the unbalance;
calculating the recorded unbalance amount, and determining position coordinate data of process references at two ends of the shaft;
marking a target position corresponding to the position coordinate data, and determining a first process reference;
determining a second process reference of subsequent processing according to the first process reference, and completing processing based on the second process reference;
the step of measuring the unbalance amount of the hollow shaft workpiece with the processed external contour and recording the unbalance amount comprises the following steps:
measuring the unbalance amount of the hollow shaft workpiece with the machined outer contour;
calculating the offset distance and the angle of the two end surfaces of the hollow shaft workpiece according to the unbalance;
the step of identifying the target position corresponding to the position coordinate data and determining the first process reference comprises the following steps:
marking a target position corresponding to the position coordinate data, and setting a starting position of rotation;
cutting and processing a first process reference according to the position coordinate data, the mark and the initial position;
the step of marking the target position corresponding to the position coordinate data and setting the starting position of the revolution further comprises the following steps:
adding the assistance of the corresponding tool according to the position coordinate data, the mark and the initial position;
and determining the first process reference according to the assistance of the corresponding tool.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the hollow shaft workpiece comprises a hollow shaft workpiece with two through holes, a hollow shaft workpiece without two through holes, a hollow shaft workpiece with one through hole, a hollow shaft workpiece with a radial through hole, or a hollow shaft workpiece with a radial through hole and an axial through hole.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of marking the target position corresponding to the position coordinate data and setting the starting position of the rotation is performed by laser, code spraying, labeling, marking with a pen or adding a tool.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step of identifying a target position corresponding to the position coordinate data and setting a start position of rotation, the target position includes an end surface of the shaft, an outer circumferential surface of the shaft, or a stepped surface of the shaft.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step of cutting the first process reference according to the position coordinate data, the mark and the start position, the method of cutting the first process reference includes generating a center hole at both end surfaces of the machining shaft, generating a new outer circumferential surface by machining, and generating a new outer circumferential surface and a new plane by machining.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step of adding the assistance of the corresponding tool according to the position coordinate data, the mark and the start position, the method for adding the assistance of the corresponding tool includes adding a central hole on the tool, adding an outer circular surface on the tool, adding a positioning pin hole on the tool, adding a key slot on the tool, adding a spigot on the tool, adding an index plate on the tool or adding an encoder on the tool.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311443845.3A CN117182483B (en) | 2023-11-02 | 2023-11-02 | Balancing process method for hollow shaft parts |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311443845.3A CN117182483B (en) | 2023-11-02 | 2023-11-02 | Balancing process method for hollow shaft parts |
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| CN117182483A CN117182483A (en) | 2023-12-08 |
| CN117182483B true CN117182483B (en) | 2024-01-23 |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0260026A2 (en) * | 1986-08-29 | 1988-03-16 | Nikken Tool Co., Ltd. | Drill |
| CN101407016A (en) * | 2008-11-24 | 2009-04-15 | 重庆江增机械有限公司 | Method for processing turbine runner shaft |
| CN207447359U (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-06-05 | 上海运城制版有限公司 | Lopsided device is corrected in gravure printing roller eccentric turning |
| CN109500659A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-03-22 | 株洲格斯特动力机械有限责任公司 | A kind of processing method of aero-engine hollow shaft type parts |
| CN109606727A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-04-12 | 中国航发中传机械有限公司 | Helicopter Transmission System rear axle dynamic balance method |
| CN110953996A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2020-04-03 | 日立金属株式会社 | Measuring system and method for producing a shaft with a bore |
| CN113477857A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-10-08 | 江苏太平洋精锻科技股份有限公司 | Forming processing method of hollow motor shaft |
-
2023
- 2023-11-02 CN CN202311443845.3A patent/CN117182483B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0260026A2 (en) * | 1986-08-29 | 1988-03-16 | Nikken Tool Co., Ltd. | Drill |
| CN101407016A (en) * | 2008-11-24 | 2009-04-15 | 重庆江增机械有限公司 | Method for processing turbine runner shaft |
| CN207447359U (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-06-05 | 上海运城制版有限公司 | Lopsided device is corrected in gravure printing roller eccentric turning |
| CN110953996A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2020-04-03 | 日立金属株式会社 | Measuring system and method for producing a shaft with a bore |
| CN109500659A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-03-22 | 株洲格斯特动力机械有限责任公司 | A kind of processing method of aero-engine hollow shaft type parts |
| CN109606727A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-04-12 | 中国航发中传机械有限公司 | Helicopter Transmission System rear axle dynamic balance method |
| CN113477857A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-10-08 | 江苏太平洋精锻科技股份有限公司 | Forming processing method of hollow motor shaft |
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