CN117167745B - Small household garbage incinerator grate with waste heat utilization device - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of garbage incineration equipment, and particularly discloses a small household garbage incineration grate furnace with a waste heat utilization device, which comprises a furnace body, a connecting pipe and an incineration ash discharge device, wherein the incineration ash discharge device comprises a shell, an adsorption plate, a transmission mechanism and an ash removal mechanism; the connecting pipe comprises an upper pipe, a middle pipe and a lower pipe, the lower pipe is connected to the top of the furnace body, and the shell is sleeved on the connecting pipe; a first rotating shaft is connected in one side of the adsorption plate in a rotating way, the adsorption plate is arranged in the connecting pipe, and a plurality of adsorption plates are wound into a circle; the transmission mechanism is arranged in the shell and is used for driving the plurality of adsorption plates to rotate around a circle for transmission; the inner side wall of the middle pipe is provided with a first limit bar, the inner side wall of the lower pipe is provided with a second limit bar, and an exhaust channel is formed between adjacent adsorption plates; the ash removal mechanism is arranged at the end part of the outer partition plate and is used for cleaning the incineration ash on the adsorption plate. The application has the advantages of prolonging the working time of the incineration grate furnace each time and improving the incineration efficiency of the household garbage.

Description

Small household garbage incinerator grate with waste heat utilization device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of garbage incineration equipment, in particular to a small household garbage incineration grate furnace with a waste heat utilization device.

Background

With the improvement of the living standard of urban residents, a plurality of household garbage can be inevitably generated. Such as cardboard, plywood, plastic, wood, rope, wire, and the like; prior household garbage adopts a landfill mode, but the mode causes irreversible damage to the land and the environment, and causes waste of a large amount of resources.

At present, a garbage incineration power generation mode is adopted to utilize solid garbage generated in life, heat energy generated by garbage incineration is transferred to a boiler, water in a boiler pipeline is heated, water is heated to generate hot steam, the hot steam drives a steam turbine, and the steam turbine converts mechanical energy into electric energy.

When the small-sized fire grate burns garbage, heat generated in the furnace body is transferred to the boiler, incineration ash generated by incineration is returned to the boiler, the incineration ash is adsorbed on the pipeline when passing through the pipeline in the boiler, the incineration ash on the pipeline of the boiler is accumulated more and more along with the lapse of the service time, the heat generated by garbage combustion is transferred to the pipeline in a smaller and smaller quantity, the efficiency of the boiler is low, and the heat loss caused by the heat flowing out through the boiler is serious.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a small household garbage incinerator with a waste heat utilization device, which aims to prolong the working time of the incinerator and improve the incineration efficiency of household garbage.

The application provides a small household garbage incinerator with a waste heat utilization device, which adopts the following technical scheme:

The small household garbage incinerator with the waste heat utilization device comprises an incinerator body, a connecting pipe and an incineration ash discharge device, wherein the incineration ash discharge device comprises a shell, an adsorption plate, a transmission mechanism and an ash removal mechanism; the connecting pipe comprises an upper pipe, a middle pipe and a lower pipe, the upper pipe is positioned above the middle pipe, the middle pipe is positioned above the lower pipe, the lower pipe is connected to the top of the furnace body, and the shell is sleeved and connected to the connecting pipe; the adsorption plates are arranged in the connecting pipes, a first rotating shaft is connected in one side edge of each adsorption plate in a rotating mode, the first rotating shaft extends out of two end faces of each adsorption plate, each adsorption plate is arranged in each connecting pipe, and the adsorption plates are wound into a circle; the transmission mechanism is arranged in the shell and is used for driving a plurality of adsorption plates to rotate around a circle for transmission, and the adsorption plates penetrate through the connecting pipes; the inner side wall of the middle pipe is provided with a first limit bar, the bottom edge of the adsorption plate slides on the top surface of the first limit bar, the adsorption plate sliding on the top surface of the first limit bar is inclined, and an exhaust channel is formed between adjacent adsorption plates positioned on the top surface of the first limit bar; the lower pipe is characterized in that a second limiting strip is arranged on the inner side wall of the lower pipe, the bottom edge of the adsorption plate slides on the top surface of the second limiting strip, the adsorption plate sliding on the top surface of the second limiting strip is inclined, and an exhaust channel is formed between the adjacent adsorption plates positioned on the top surface of the second limiting strip; the ash removal mechanism is arranged in the shell and is used for cleaning the incineration ash on the adsorption plate.

Optionally, the outer baffle is further included, the outer baffle includes baffle, well baffle and lower baffle, go up the baffle cover and locate on the upper tube, go up the baffle bottom surface with it flushes to go up the tube bottom surface, the baffle cover is located on the well tube, the baffle bottom surface with well tube bottom surface flushes, the baffle top surface with well tube top surface flushes, lower baffle cover is located on the lower tube, lower baffle top surface with the top surface of lower tube flushes.

Optionally, go up the baffle the well baffle with the baffle all is located down in the shell, the shell includes bounding wall, roof and bottom plate, the bounding wall sets up around connecting pipe a week, the roof cover establish connect in on the last baffle, the roof outer peripheral face connect in bounding wall inner peripheral face, the bottom plate cover establish connect in on the baffle down, the bottom plate outer peripheral face connect in the inner peripheral face of bounding wall, the septum both sides face is connected with the connecting plate, the connecting plate connect in the inner peripheral face of bounding wall, the top surface of bounding wall the top surface of roof with go up the baffle top surface flushes, the bottom surface of bounding wall the bottom surface of bottom plate with the bottom surface of baffle flushes down, the roof with form between the bottom plate and hold the chamber.

Optionally, a first rolling gap is arranged between the upper pipe and the middle pipe, a second rolling gap is also arranged between the upper partition plate and the middle partition plate, the first rotating shaft rolls on the inner walls of the first rolling gap and the second rolling gap, and two ends of the first rotating shaft extend out of the outer partition plate; a third rolling gap is formed between the middle pipe and the lower pipe, a fourth rolling gap is formed between the middle partition plate and the lower partition plate, and the first rotating shaft rolls on the inner walls of the third rolling gap and the fourth rolling gap.

Optionally, two ends of the top of the middle pipe are respectively provided with a first inlet port for the adsorption plate to enter and a first outlet port for the adsorption plate to exit, the bottom surfaces of the first inlet port and the first outlet port are flush with the top surface of the first limit strip, two ends of the top surface of the middle partition plate are provided with a second inlet port for the adsorption plate to enter and a second outlet port for the adsorption plate to exit, the bottom surfaces of the second inlet port and the second outlet port are flush with the top surface of the first limit strip, the first inlet port is communicated with the second inlet port, the first outlet port is communicated with the second outlet port, and the inclination direction of the adsorption plate positioned on the upper layer is from the first inlet port to the first outlet port; the two ends of the top of the lower pipe are respectively provided with a third inlet port for the adsorption plate to enter and a third outlet port for the adsorption plate to go out, the bottom surfaces of the third inlet port and the third outlet port are flush with the top surface of the second limiting strip, the two ends of the top surface of the lower partition plate are provided with a fourth inlet port for the adsorption plate to enter and a fourth outlet port for the adsorption plate to go out, the bottom surfaces of the fourth inlet port and the fourth outlet port are flush with the top surface of the second limiting strip, the third inlet port is communicated with the fourth inlet port, the third outlet port is communicated with the fourth outlet port, and the inclination direction of the adsorption plate positioned at the lower layer is from the second outlet port to the second inlet port; the second inlet and the fourth outlet are positioned at the same end of the housing, and the second outlet and the fourth inlet are positioned at the same end of the housing.

Optionally, a first ash removal groove is formed in the bottom surface of the second outlet, the length direction of the first ash removal groove is the same as that of the second outlet, the first ash removal groove is communicated with the end surface of the middle partition, and two ends of the first ash removal groove extend towards the middle partition; the bottom surface of one side of the first ash removal groove, which is close to the second outlet, is provided with a first sliding groove, the bottom surface of the end part of the middle partition plate is provided with a first installation cavity, the first installation cavity is positioned right below the first ash removal groove, the first installation cavity is arranged along the length direction of the first ash removal groove, and the first installation cavity is communicated with the first sliding groove; the bottom surface of the fourth outlet is provided with a second ash removal groove, the length direction of the second ash removal groove is the same as that of the fourth outlet, the second ash removal groove is communicated with the end surface of the lower partition plate, and two ends of the second ash removal groove extend towards the lower partition plate; the second ash removal groove is close to the bottom surface of one side of the fourth outlet is provided with a second sliding groove, the bottom surface of the end part of the lower partition plate is provided with a second installation cavity, the second installation cavity is located right below the second ash removal groove, the second installation cavity is arranged along the length direction of the second ash removal groove, and the second installation cavity is communicated with the second sliding groove.

Optionally, two ash removing mechanisms are provided, one of which is arranged at the second outlet, and the other of which is arranged at the fourth outlet; the ash cleaning mechanism comprises a driving motor, a screw rod, a sliding block, a connecting block, a sliding block, a supporting block and a hairbrush; the screw rod of the ash removing mechanism positioned at the second outlet is rotationally connected in the first mounting cavity, the driving motor is mounted on one side surface of the middle partition plate, an output shaft of the driving motor is connected with one end of the screw rod, the sliding block is sleeved on the screw rod, the sliding block slides on the inner wall of the first mounting cavity, one end of the connecting block is connected with one side surface of the sliding block, which is close to the first sliding groove, of the sliding block, the sliding block slides on the inner wall of the first sliding groove, one end of the supporting block is vertically connected with the top of the sliding block, the back surface of the hairbrush is connected with the top of the supporting block, and the hairbrush is attached to the side surface of the adsorption plate; the dust removing device comprises a first installation cavity, a second installation cavity, a lower partition plate, a driving motor, a sliding block, a supporting block and an adsorption plate, wherein the first installation cavity is arranged on the lower partition plate, the lower partition plate is connected with the sliding block, the sliding block is arranged on the sliding block in a sleeved mode, the sliding block slides on the inner wall of the first installation cavity, one end of the sliding block is connected with one side surface of the sliding block, which is close to the second sliding groove, of the sliding block, the sliding block slides on the inner wall of the second sliding groove, one end of the supporting block is vertically connected with the top of the sliding block, the back of the hairbrush is connected with the top of the supporting block, and the hairbrush is attached to the side surface of the adsorption plate.

Optionally, two side surfaces of the middle partition plate are respectively provided with a first inclined hole communicated with the first sliding groove and the end part of the first installation cavity, the first inclined holes are used for the first sliding groove and the first installation cavity to drop incineration ash, two side surfaces of the middle partition plate are respectively provided with a first ash leakage pipe, one end of each first ash leakage pipe is communicated with the first inclined hole, and the bottom end of each first ash leakage pipe penetrates through the bottom surface of the bottom plate; the two side surfaces of the lower partition plate are respectively provided with a second inclined hole communicated with the second sliding groove and the end part of the second installation cavity, and the second inclined holes are used for the falling of incineration ash in the second sliding groove and the second installation cavity; the lower partition plate is characterized in that second ash leakage pipes are arranged on two side faces of the lower partition plate, one ends of the second ash leakage pipes are communicated with the second inclined holes, and the bottom ends of the second ash leakage pipes penetrate through the bottom face of the bottom plate.

Optionally, the transmission mechanism comprises a driving sprocket, a driving shaft, a driven sprocket, a driven shaft, a chain and a transmission motor, wherein the driving shaft is arranged at one end of the outer partition plate, two ends of the driving shaft extend out of the coaming, the driving shaft is rotationally connected to the coaming, the length direction of the driving shaft is the same as the length direction of the adsorption plate, the transmission motor is arranged on the peripheral surface of the coaming, and an output shaft of the transmission motor is connected with the end part of the driving shaft; the two driving sprockets are respectively sleeved on the driving shaft and are respectively positioned at two sides of the outer partition plate; the driven shaft is arranged at the other end of the outer partition plate, two ends of the driven shaft extend out of the coaming, the driven shaft is rotationally connected to the coaming, and the length direction of the driven shaft is the same as the length direction of the adsorption plate; the driven chain wheels are arranged in two, the driven chain wheels are sleeved and connected to the driven shaft, and the driven chain wheels are respectively arranged on two side surfaces of the outer partition plate; the two chains are arranged, the chains respectively correspond to the driven sprocket and the driving sprocket on one side of the outer partition plate, the chains are wound on the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket, and the chains are meshed with the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket; two ends of the first rotating shaft are respectively connected to the outer chain plates of the two chains.

Optionally, two sides of the adsorption plate are provided with a plurality of dust collecting grooves, and two ends of the dust collecting grooves are communicated with two ends of the adsorption plate; the adsorption plate is close to both sides face of a side of first pivot all is provided with the mounting groove, the mounting groove is followed first pivot length direction sets up just the both ends of mounting groove communicate in the both ends of adsorption plate, be provided with the baffle in the mounting groove, the rotation is connected with the second pivot in baffle one side, the second pivot rotate connect in the mounting groove top.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

The first rotating shaft is driven by the transmission mechanism to move, the first rotating shaft enters from the second inlet and sequentially passes through the first inlet, the first outlet, the second outlet, the fourth inlet, the third outlet and the fourth outlet, the first rotating shaft drives the adsorption plate to move along with the first rotating shaft, when the adsorption plate moves to the first limiting strip and the second limiting plate, the adsorption plate inclines, burnt incineration ash passes through the exhaust channel, the incineration ash is adsorbed on the adsorption plate, two layers of adsorption plates are arranged, the incineration ash can be further absorbed, when the adsorption plate for adsorbing the incineration ash moves out of the connecting pipe, the ash removing mechanism cleans the incineration ash on the adsorption plate, the cleaned adsorption plate enters the connecting pipe for absorbing the incineration ash, and the incineration ash generated by burning in the furnace body is absorbed, so that the incineration ash entering the waste heat utilization device can be greatly reduced, the incineration ash adsorbed on the surface of the pipeline of the waste heat utilization device is less, the work time length of each time of the incineration grate is effectively prolonged, and the incineration efficiency of household garbage is improved;

An upper baffle plate, a middle baffle plate and a lower baffle plate are arranged outside the connecting pipe, and limit the heat escaping from the first rolling gap and the third rolling gap by the upper baffle plate, the middle baffle plate and the lower baffle plate, so that the heat loss is reduced;

when the adsorption plates incline in the connecting pipes, the baffle plate positioned on the bottom surface of the adsorption plates is in a vertical state under the action of self gravity, the baffle plate rotates out of the mounting groove, the incineration ash flows from the adsorption plates to form an exhaust channel, the incineration ash flows from the adsorption plates to the position of the baffle plate, and the incineration ash is blocked by the baffle plate and further absorbs the incineration ash; the surface of the adsorption plate is provided with a plurality of ash collecting grooves, and rising incineration ash is absorbed by the ash collecting grooves on the inclined adsorption plate, so that the adsorption plate is further increased to absorb the incineration ash;

When the adsorption plate slides to the second outlet, the adsorption plate is still in an inclined state, when the bottom edge of the adsorption plate slides to the second outlet and is close to one side edge of the first ash removal groove, the driving motor drives the screw rod to rotate, the screw rod drives the sliding block to slide back and forth in the first installation cavity, the sliding block drives the connecting block to slide on the first ash blocking plate, the connecting block drives the sliding block to slide in the first sliding groove, the sliding block drives the second supporting block to move, the supporting block drives the brush to move, the brush hair of the brush is attached to the side surface of the adsorption plate, the brush scrapes off incineration ash in the adsorption plate surface and the ash collection groove at the baffle plate, the incineration ash falls into the first sliding groove, the sliding block pushes the incineration ash to the first inclined hole, the incineration ash is discharged into the first ash leakage pipe through the first inclined hole, and the incineration ash is discharged out of the shell; the first ash blocking plate blocks the incineration ash falling into the first sliding groove, so that the incineration ash is reduced to enter the first mounting cavity; the top surface of the sliding block is in a sharp angle shape, so that incineration ash falling to the top surface of the sliding block slides to two sides of the sliding block;

When the adsorption plate slides to the fourth outlet, the adsorption plate is still in an inclined state, when the bottom edge of the adsorption plate slides to the fourth outlet and is close to one side edge of the second ash removal groove, the driving motor drives the screw rod to rotate, the screw rod drives the sliding block to slide back and forth in the second installation cavity, the sliding block drives the connecting block to slide on the second ash blocking plate, the connecting block drives the sliding block to slide in the second sliding groove, the sliding block drives the second supporting block to move, the supporting block drives the brush to move, the brush hair of the brush is attached to the side surface of the adsorption plate, the surface of the other side of the adsorption plate and the incineration ash in the ash collection groove are scraped by the brush, so that the incineration ash falls into the second sliding groove, the incineration ash is pushed to the second inclined hole by the sliding block, and the incineration ash is discharged into the second ash leakage pipe through the second inclined hole, and the incineration ash is discharged out of the shell; the second ash blocking plate blocks the incineration ash falling into the second sliding groove, so that the incineration ash is reduced from entering the second installation cavity; the top surface of the sliding block is in a sharp angle shape, so that the incineration ash falling to the top surface of the sliding block slides to the two sides of the sliding block.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fire grate furnace according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the housing and the connecting tube according to the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of another view of the housing and connecting tube according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a housing according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a housing and a connecting tube according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of another view cross-sectional structure of the housing and the connection pipe according to the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a transmission mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of an adsorption plate according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged schematic view of portion A of FIG. 7;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a septum in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 11 is an enlarged schematic view of portion B of FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a separator according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 13 is an enlarged schematic view of portion C of FIG. 12;

Fig. 14 is a schematic view showing a cross-sectional structure from a view of a housing and a connection pipe according to an embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals illustrate:

1. a furnace body; 11. a slag discharge pipe; 12. a slag extractor; 13. a garbage hopper; 14. a bridge breaking device; 15. a pusher; 16. a frame; 2. a fire grate; 21. a drying grate; 22. a pyrolysis combustion grate; 23. a burn-out grate; 3. an air chamber; 31. a drying air chamber; 32. a pyrolysis combustion plenum; 33. a burn-out plenum; 4. a connecting pipe; 41. an upper pipe; 42. a middle tube; 421. a first limit bar; 43. a lower pipe; 431. the second limit bar; 5. an incineration ash discharge device; 51. a housing; 511. coaming plate; 512. a top plate; 513. a bottom plate; 514. a connecting plate; 515. a receiving chamber; 52. an outer partition; 521. an upper partition plate; 522. a middle partition plate; 523. a lower partition plate; 53. an adsorption plate; 531. a first rotating shaft; 5311. a jack; 532. an exhaust passage; 533. an ash collecting ditch; 534. a mounting groove; 535. a baffle; 536. a second rotating shaft; 54. a transmission mechanism; 541. a drive sprocket; 542. a driving shaft; 543. a driven sprocket; 544. a driven shaft; 545. a chain; 5451. a plug pin; 546. a drive motor; 55. an ash removing mechanism; 551. a driving motor; 552. a screw rod; 553. a slide block; 554. a connecting block; 555. a sliding block; 556. a support block; 557. a brush; 61. a first rolling gap; 62. a second rolling gap; 63. a third rolling gap; 64. a fourth scroll gap; 65. a first inclined hole; 66. a first ash leakage pipe; 67. a second inclined hole; 68. a second ash leakage pipe; 71. a first access port; 72. a second inlet port; 73. a third inlet port; 74. a fourth inlet port; 75. a first outlet; 76. a second outlet; 77. a third outlet; 78. a fourth outlet; 81. a first ash removal tank; 82. a first sliding groove; 83. a first mounting cavity; 84. a first dust baffle; 85. a second ash removal tank; 86. a second sliding groove; 87. a second mounting cavity; 88. a second dust baffle; 9. and a waste heat utilization device.

Detailed Description

The application is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1-14.

The embodiment of the application discloses a small household garbage incinerator grate with a waste heat utilization device. Referring to fig. 1 to 14, the incinerator grate furnace comprises a furnace body 1, a grate 2, an air chamber 3, a slag discharging pipe 11, a slag extractor 12, a garbage hopper 13, a bridge breaking device 14, a pusher 15, a connecting pipe 4 and an incineration ash discharging device 5; the furnace body 1 is arranged on the ground through a frame 16, the garbage hopper 13 is arranged on one side of the furnace body 1, the bottom of the garbage hopper 13 is communicated with one side surface of the furnace body 1, the pusher 15 is arranged in the bottom of the garbage hopper 13, garbage falls on the bottom of the garbage hopper 13, and the hydraulic cylinder of the pusher 15 pushes the push plate to push the garbage at the bottom of the garbage hopper 13 into the furnace body 1; the grate 2 is arranged in the furnace body 1, the grate 2 comprises a drying grate 212, a pyrolysis combustion grate 222 and a burning grate 232, the drying grate 212 is arranged in the furnace body 1, the drying grate 212 is close to the garbage hopper 13, the drying grate 212 is arranged below the garbage hopper 13, the garbage pushed by the pusher 15 into the furnace body 1 falls on the drying grate 212, the drying grate 212 is arranged obliquely downwards from one end close to the garbage hopper 13, the pyrolysis combustion grate 222 is arranged in the furnace body 1, the pyrolysis combustion grate 222 is connected to one end, far away from the garbage hopper 13, of the drying grate 212, the pyrolysis combustion grate 222 is lower than the drying grate 212, the pyrolysis combustion grate 222 is inclined downwards from one end, close to the drying grate 212, the burning grate 232 is arranged in the furnace body 1, the burning grate 232 is connected to one end, far away from the drying grate 212, the height of the burning grate 232 is lower than the pyrolysis combustion grate 222, and the same height, the burning grate 232 is arranged horizontally; the slag discharging pipe 11 is communicated with the bottom of the furnace body 1, the slag discharging pipe 11 is positioned at one side of the burning grate 232 far away from the pyrolysis combustion grate 222, and the drying grate 212, the pyrolysis combustion grate 222 and the burning grate 232 push garbage to move towards the slag discharging pipe 11 through a hydraulic mechanism; the slag extractor 12 is arranged at the bottom of the slag discharging pipe 11.

The air chamber 3 comprises a drying air chamber 313, a pyrolysis combustion air chamber 323 and a burn-out air chamber 333, the drying air chamber 313 is communicated with the bottom surface of the furnace body 1, the drying air chamber 313 is positioned below the drying fire grate 212, the pyrolysis combustion air chamber 323 is communicated with the lower part of the furnace body 1, the pyrolysis combustion air chamber 323 is positioned below the pyrolysis combustion fire grate 222, the burn-out air chamber 333 is communicated with the bottom surface of the furnace body 1, and the burn-out air chamber 333 is positioned below the burn-out fire grate 232; the bridge breaking device 14 is arranged in the garbage hopper 13, and the bridge breaking device 14 pushes the bridge breaking plate through the hydraulic cylinder to break the bridge of garbage clamped in the garbage hopper 13; the bottom of connecting pipe 4 communicates in the top of furnace body 1, connecting pipe 4 is used for burning ash and rubbish combustion heat's flow, burn ash discharging equipment 5 and install in connecting pipe 4 global, burn ash discharging equipment 5 is used for getting into the burning ash of connecting pipe 4 and discharge, waste heat utilization device 9 installs in the top of connecting pipe 4, the preheating utilization device is the boiler, the heat energy that msw incineration produced is transferred to the boiler, the water in the heating boiler pipeline, the water heating produces hot steam, hot steam promotes the steam turbine, the steam turbine turns into the electric energy with mechanical energy, waste heat utilization device 9 is used for turning into the electric energy with the heat that connecting pipe 4 flows.

The garbage enters the garbage hopper 13, the bridge breaking device 14 breaks the garbage in the garbage hopper 13, the garbage smoothly flows into the feeding pipe, the pusher 15 pushes the garbage to the drying grate 212, the garbage on the drying grate 212 is dried under the action of the drying air chamber 313, the drying grate 212 pushes the garbage to the pyrolysis combustion grate 222, the garbage on the pyrolysis combustion grate 222 is ignited, the garbage on the pyrolysis combustion grate 222 is combusted under the action of the pyrolysis combustion air chamber 323, the pyrolysis combustion grate 222 pushes the combusted garbage to the burning grate 232, the garbage on the burning grate 232 is burnt to form slag under the action of the burning air chamber 333, the burning grate 232 pushes the slag to enter the slag discharging pipe 11, the slag entering the slag discharging pipe 11 falls into the slag discharging machine 12, and the slag discharging machine 12 discharges the slag; the heat generated by the garbage incineration flows to the connecting pipe 4, the incineration ash discharging device 5 is used for discharging the incineration ash, and the waste heat utilization device 9 converts the heat into electric energy.

The incineration ash discharge device 5 comprises a shell 51, an outer partition plate 52, an adsorption plate 53, a transmission mechanism 54 and an ash removal mechanism 55; the connecting pipe 4 comprises an upper pipe 41, a middle pipe 42 and a lower pipe 43, the upper pipe 41 is positioned above the middle pipe 42, the middle pipe 42 is positioned above the lower pipe 43, and the lower pipe 43 is connected to the top of the furnace body 1; the outer partition plate 52 comprises an upper partition plate 521, a middle partition plate 522 and a lower partition plate 523, wherein the upper partition plate 521 is sleeved on the upper pipe 41, the bottom surface of the upper partition plate 521 is flush with the bottom surface of the upper pipe 41, the middle partition plate 522 is sleeved on the middle pipe 42, the bottom surface of the middle partition plate 522 is flush with the bottom surface of the middle pipe 42, the top surface of the middle partition plate 522 is flush with the top surface of the middle pipe 42, the lower partition plate 523 is sleeved on the lower pipe 43, and the top surface of the lower partition plate 523 is flush with the top surface of the lower pipe 43; the shell 51 is sleeved on the connecting pipe 4, the two ends of the connecting pipe 4 penetrate through the shell 51, the upper partition 521, the middle partition 522 and the lower partition 523 are all located in the shell 51, the shell 51 comprises a surrounding plate 511, a top plate 512 and a bottom plate 513, the surrounding plate 511 is arranged around the connecting pipe 4, the surrounding plate 511 is square, the top plate 512 is sleeved on the upper partition 521, the outer peripheral surface of the top plate 512 is connected to the inner peripheral surface of the surrounding plate 511, the bottom plate 513 is sleeved on the lower partition 523, the outer peripheral surface of the bottom plate 513 is connected to the inner peripheral surface of the surrounding plate 511, the two side surfaces of the middle partition 522 are connected with connecting plates 514, the connecting plates 514 are connected to the inner peripheral surface of the surrounding plate 511, the top surface of the top plate 512 and the top surface of the upper partition 521 are flush, the bottom surface of the surrounding plate 511 and the bottom plate 523 are flush, and a containing cavity 515 is formed between the top plate 512 and the bottom plate 513.

The adsorption plates 53 are provided with a plurality of adsorption plates 53, a first rotating shaft 531 is connected in one side edge along the length direction of the adsorption plates 53 in a rotating manner, the first rotating shaft 531 extends out of two end surfaces of the adsorption plates 53, the adsorption plates 53 are arranged in the connecting pipe 4, two ends of the adsorption plates 53 are attached to the inner wall of the connecting pipe 4, the adsorption plates 53 surround a circle to form an ellipse, the adsorption plates 53 move along the ellipse track, the adsorption plates 53 are distributed at equal intervals, the adsorption plates 53 pass through between the upper pipe 41 and the middle pipe 42, the adsorption plates 53 also pass through between the upper partition 521 and the middle partition 522, the adsorption plates 53 pass through between the middle pipe 42 and the lower pipe 43, the adsorption plates 53 also pass through between the middle partition 522 and the lower partition 523, and two ends of the ellipse surrounded by the adsorption plates 53 extend out of the outer partition 52 and are positioned in the accommodating cavity 515; a first rolling gap 61 is arranged between the upper pipe 41 and the middle pipe 42, a second rolling gap 62 is also arranged between the upper partition 521 and the middle partition 522, a first rotating shaft 531 rolls on the inner walls of the first rolling gap 61 and the second rolling gap 62, and two ends of the first rotating shaft 531 extend out of the outer partition 52; a third rolling gap 63 is provided between the middle pipe 42 and the lower pipe 43, a fourth rolling gap 64 is provided between the middle partition 522 and the lower partition 523, and the first rotation shaft 531 rolls on the inner walls of the third rolling gap 63 and the fourth rolling gap 64.

The middle pipe 42 is provided with first limit strips 421 on the symmetrical inner side walls, the length direction of the first limit strips 421 is perpendicular to the length direction of the adsorption plates 53, the first limit strips 421 are positioned below the adsorption plates 53 at the positions of the upper pipe 41 and the middle pipe 42, the bottom edges of the adsorption plates 53 positioned above the first limit strips 421 slide on the top surfaces of the first limit strips 421, the adsorption plates 53 sliding on the top surfaces of the first limit strips 421 are inclined, exhaust channels 532 are formed between adjacent adsorption plates 53 positioned on the top surfaces of the first limit strips 421, and the exhaust channels 532 are used for flowing smoke and heat; the both ends at well pipe 42 top are provided with the first inlet port 71 that is used for the adsorption plate 53 to get into and the first outlet port 75 that the adsorption plate 53 goes out respectively, the bottom surface of first inlet port 71 and first outlet port 75 flushes with the top surface of first spacing 421, the both ends of the top surface of middle baffle 522 are provided with the second inlet port 72 that is used for the adsorption plate 53 to get into and the second outlet port 76 that the adsorption plate 53 goes out, the bottom surface of second inlet port 72 and second outlet port 76 flushes with the top surface of first spacing 421, first inlet port 71 and second inlet port 72 intercommunication, first outlet port 75 and second outlet port 76 intercommunication, the adsorption plate 53 incline direction that is located the upper strata is by first inlet port 71 towards first outlet port 75.

The second limiting strips 431 are arranged on the symmetrical inner side walls of the lower pipe 43, the length direction of each second limiting strip 431 is the same as that of each first limiting strip 421, each second limiting strip 431 is located under each first limiting strip 421, each second limiting strip 431 is located below each adsorption plate 53 at the position of the middle pipe 42 and the lower pipe 43, the bottom edges of the adsorption plates 53 located above the corresponding second limiting strips 431 slide on the top surfaces of the corresponding second limiting strips 431, the adsorption plates 53 sliding on the top surfaces of the corresponding second limiting strips 431 are inclined, exhaust channels 532 are formed between the adjacent adsorption plates 53 located on the top surfaces of the corresponding second limiting strips 431, and each exhaust channel 532 is used for flowing smoke and heat; the two ends of the top of the lower pipe 43 are respectively provided with a third inlet 73 for the adsorption plate 53 to enter and a third outlet 77 for the adsorption plate 53 to go out, the bottom surfaces of the third inlet 73 and the third outlet 77 are flush with the top surface of the second limiting strip 431, the two ends of the top surface of the lower partition plate 523 are provided with a fourth inlet 74 for the adsorption plate 53 to enter and a fourth outlet 78 for the adsorption plate 53 to go out, the bottom surfaces of the fourth inlet 74 and the fourth outlet 78 are flush with the top surface of the second limiting strip 431, the third inlet 73 is communicated with the fourth inlet 74, the third outlet 77 is communicated with the fourth outlet 78, and the inclination direction of the adsorption plate 53 positioned at the lower layer is from the second outlet 76 to the second inlet 72; the second inlet port 72 and the fourth outlet port 78 are located at the same end of the housing 51, and the second outlet port 76 and the fourth inlet port 74 are located at the same end of the housing 51.

The transmission mechanism 54 drives the first rotating shaft 531 to move, the first rotating shaft 531 enters from the second inlet port 72, sequentially passes through the first inlet port 71, the first outlet port 75, the second outlet port 76, the fourth inlet port 74, the third inlet port 73, the third outlet port 77 and the fourth outlet port 78, the first rotating shaft 531 drives the adsorption plate 53 to move along with the movement, when the adsorption plate 53 moves to the first limiting strip 421 and the second limiting plate, the adsorption plate 53 inclines, the burnt incineration ash passes through the exhaust channel 532, the incineration ash is adsorbed on the adsorption plate 53, two layers of adsorption plates 53 are arranged, the incineration ash can be further absorbed, when the adsorption plate 53 for adsorbing the incineration ash moves out of the connecting pipe 4, the ash removing mechanism 55 cleans the incineration ash on the adsorption plate 53, and the cleaned adsorption plate 53 reenters the connecting pipe 4 to absorb the incineration ash, so that the incineration ash generated in the furnace body 1 can be greatly reduced and enters the waste heat utilization device 9 to burn the incineration ash adsorbed on the inner surface of the waste heat utilization device 9, the accumulation amount of the incineration ash on the pipeline is less, the effective life grate is prolonged, and the working time of each time of the garbage is prolonged, and the garbage operation is prolonged.

By providing the upper diaphragm 521, the middle diaphragm 522, and the lower diaphragm 523 outside the connection pipe 4, the upper diaphragm 521, the middle diaphragm 522, and the lower diaphragm 523 restrict the heat escaping from the first rolling gap 61 and the third rolling gap 63, and reduce the loss of heat.

The two side surfaces of the adsorption plate 53 are provided with a plurality of ash collecting grooves 533, two ends of the ash collecting grooves 533 are communicated with two ends of the adsorption plate 53, the length direction of the ash collecting grooves 533 is perpendicular to the length direction of the adsorption plate 53, and the ash collecting grooves 533 are uniformly arranged on the surface of the adsorption plate 53; the adsorption plate 53 is close to the both sides face of a side of first pivot 531 and all is provided with mounting groove 534, and mounting groove 534 sets up and the both ends of mounting groove 534 communicate in the both ends of adsorption plate 53 along first pivot 531 length direction, is provided with baffle 535 in the mounting groove 534, and baffle 535 one side internal rotation is connected with second pivot 536, and second pivot 536 is rotated through the extension board and is connected in the mounting groove 534 top.

When the adsorption plates 53 incline in the connecting pipe 4, the baffle 535 positioned on the bottom surface of the adsorption plates 53 is in a vertical state under the action of self gravity, the baffle 535 rotates out of the mounting groove 534, the incineration ash flows from the adsorption plates 53 to the position of the baffle 535 after forming an exhaust channel 532, the incineration ash flows from the adsorption plates 53, and the incineration ash is blocked by the baffle 535 and further absorbs the incineration ash; the surface of the adsorption plate 53 is provided with a plurality of ash collecting grooves 533, and the rising incineration ash is absorbed by the ash collecting grooves 533 on the inclined adsorption plate 53, so that the absorption of the incineration ash by the adsorption plate 53 is further increased.

The bottom surface of the second outlet 76 is provided with a first ash removal groove 81, the length direction of the first ash removal groove 81 is the same as that of the second outlet 76, the first ash removal groove 81 is communicated with the end surface of the middle partition 522, and two ends of the first ash removal groove 81 extend towards the middle partition 522; the bottom surface of one side of the first ash removal groove 81, which is close to the second outlet 76, is provided with a first sliding groove 82, the bottom surface of the end part of the middle partition 522 is provided with a first installation cavity 83, the first installation cavity 83 is located right below the first ash removal groove 81, the first installation cavity 83 is arranged along the length direction of the first ash removal groove 81, the first installation cavity 83 is communicated with the first sliding groove 82, the bottom surface of the first installation cavity 83 is parallel to the bottom surface of the first sliding groove 82, the bottom surface of the first installation cavity 83 is connected with a first ash blocking plate 84, and the first ash blocking plate 84 is close to the first sliding groove 82.

The bottom surface of the fourth outlet 78 is provided with a second ash removal groove 85, the length direction of the second ash removal groove 85 is the same as that of the fourth outlet 78, the second ash removal groove 85 is communicated with the end surface of the lower partition plate 523, and two ends of the second ash removal groove 85 extend towards the lower partition plate 523; the second clear ash chute 85 is close to fourth outlet 78 one side bottom surface and is provided with second sliding tray 86, lower baffle 523 tip bottom surface is provided with second installation cavity 87, second installation cavity 87 is located the second clear ash chute 85 under, second installation cavity 87 sets up along second clear ash chute 85 length direction, second installation cavity 87 and second sliding tray 86 intercommunication, the bottom surface of second installation cavity 87 is parallel with the bottom surface of second sliding tray 86, second installation cavity 87 bottom surface is connected with second ash blocking plate 88, second ash blocking plate 88 is close to second sliding tray 86.

The ash removing mechanism 55 is provided with two ash removing mechanisms, one of which is arranged at the second outlet 76, and the other of which is arranged at the fourth outlet 78; the ash removing mechanism 55 comprises a driving motor 551, a screw rod 552, a sliding block 553, a connecting block 554, a sliding block 555, a supporting block 556 and a hairbrush 557; the lead screw 552 of the ash removing mechanism 55 positioned at the second outlet 76 is arranged on the inner wall of the top of the first installation cavity 83 through a support plate, the lead screw 552 is rotationally connected with the support plate, the lead screw 552 is arranged along the length direction of the adsorption plate 53, the driving motor 551 is arranged on one side surface of the middle partition 522, the output shaft of the driving motor 551 is connected with one end of the lead screw 552, the sliding block 553 is sleeved on the lead screw 552, the sliding block 553 slides on all inner walls of the first installation cavity 83, the side surface of the sliding block 553 slides on one side surface of the first ash blocking plate 84 far away from the first sliding groove 82, one end of the connecting block 554 is connected with one side surface of the sliding block 553, which is close to the first sliding groove 82, the connecting block 554 slides on the top surface of the first ash blocking plate 84 and the top surface of the first installation cavity 83, the sliding block 555 slides on the inner wall of the first sliding groove 82, the top of the sliding block 555 is in a sharp angle shape, the top of the sliding block 555 is lower than the bottom surface of the second outlet 76, one end of the supporting block 556 is vertically connected with the top of the sliding block 555, the back surface of the hairbrush 557 is hinged on the top of the supporting block 556, the bristle 557 is attached to the side surface of the metal hairbrush 557, and the hairbrush 557 is attached to the side surface of the metal brush 53; when the brush 557 slides to the end of the first sliding groove 82, the brush 557 is staggered from the second outlet 76; the two sides of the middle partition 522 are respectively provided with a first inclined hole 65 communicated with the ends of the first sliding groove 82 and the first installation cavity 83, the first inclined holes 65 are used for the first sliding groove 82 and the first installation cavity 83 to drop incineration ash, the two sides of the middle partition 522 are respectively provided with a first ash leakage pipe 66, one end of each first ash leakage pipe 66 is communicated with the first inclined hole 65, and the bottom end of each first ash leakage pipe 66 penetrates through the bottom surface of the bottom plate 513.

The lead screw 552 of the ash removing mechanism 55 positioned at the fourth outlet 78 is arranged on the inner wall of the top of the second installation cavity 87 through a support plate, the lead screw 552 is rotationally connected with the support plate, the lead screw 552 is arranged along the length direction of the adsorption plate 53, the driving motor 551 is arranged on one side of the lower partition plate 523, the output shaft of the driving motor 551 is connected with one end of the lead screw 552, the sliding block 553 is sleeved on the lead screw 552, the sliding block 553 slides on all inner walls of the second installation cavity 87, the side surface of the sliding block 553 slides on one side surface of the second ash blocking plate 88 far away from the second sliding groove 86, one end of the connecting block 554 is connected with one side surface of the sliding block 553, which is close to the second sliding groove 86, the connecting block 554 slides on the top surface of the second ash blocking plate 88 and the top surface of the second installation cavity 87, the sliding block 555 slides on the inner wall of the second sliding groove 86, the top of the sliding block 555 is in a sharp angle shape, the top of the sliding block 555 is lower than the bottom surface of the fourth outlet 78, one end of the supporting block 556 is vertically connected with the top of the sliding block 555, the back surface of the hairbrush 557 is hinged on the top of the supporting block 556, the hairbrush 557 is attached to the side surface of the metal hairbrush 557, and the hairbrush 557 is attached to the side surface of the metal hairbrush 53; when the brush 557 slides to the end of the second sliding groove 86, the brush 557 is staggered from the fourth outlet 78; the two side surfaces of the lower partition plate 523 are respectively provided with a second inclined hole 67 communicated with the ends of the second sliding groove 86 and the second mounting cavity 87, and the second inclined holes 67 are used for the falling of incineration ash in the second sliding groove 86 and the second mounting cavity 87; the two sides of the lower partition plate 523 are respectively provided with a second ash leakage pipe 68, one end of the second ash leakage pipe 68 is communicated with the second inclined hole 67, and the bottom end of the second ash leakage pipe 68 penetrates through the bottom surface of the bottom plate 513.

When the adsorption plate 53 slides to the second outlet 76, the adsorption plate 53 is still in an inclined state, when the bottom edge of the adsorption plate 53 slides to the second outlet 76 and is close to one side edge of the first ash cleaning groove 81, the driving motor 551 drives the screw rod 552 to rotate, the screw rod 552 drives the sliding block 553 to slide back and forth in the first installation cavity 83, the sliding block 553 drives the connecting block 554 to slide on the first ash blocking plate 84, the connecting block 554 drives the sliding block 555 to slide in the first sliding groove 82, the sliding block 555 drives the first supporting block 556 to move, the supporting block 556 drives the brush 557 to move, the bristles of the brush 557 are attached to the side surface of the adsorption plate 53, the brush 557 scrapes off the incineration ash on the surface of the adsorption plate 53 and in the ash collecting groove 533 at the baffle 535, the incineration ash drops into the first sliding groove 82, the sliding block 555 pushes the incineration ash to the first inclined hole 65, and the incineration ash is discharged into the first ash leakage pipe 66 through the first inclined hole 65, and the incineration ash is discharged out of the casing 51; the first ash blocking plate 84 blocks the incineration ash falling into the first sliding groove 82, so that the incineration ash is reduced from entering the first installation cavity 83; the top surface of the sliding block 555 is in a sharp angle shape, so that the incineration ash falling to the top surface of the sliding block 555 slides to the two sides of the sliding block 555.

When the adsorption plate 53 slides to the fourth outlet 78, the adsorption plate 53 is still in an inclined state, when the bottom edge of the adsorption plate 53 slides to the side edge of the fourth outlet 78 close to the second ash removal groove 85, the driving motor 551 drives the screw rod 552 to rotate, the screw rod 552 drives the sliding block 553 to slide reciprocally in the second installation cavity 87, the sliding block 553 drives the connecting block 554 to slide on the second ash blocking plate 88, the connecting block 554 drives the sliding block 555 to slide in the second sliding groove 86, the sliding block 555 drives the first supporting block 556 to move, the supporting block 556 drives the brush 557 to move, the brush hair of the brush 557 is attached to the side surface of the adsorption plate 53, the surface of the other side of the adsorption plate 53 and the incineration ash in the ash collection groove 533 and at the baffle 535 are scraped off, so that the incineration ash falls into the second sliding groove 86, the sliding block 555 pushes the incineration ash to the second inclined hole 67, the incineration ash is discharged into the second ash leakage pipe 68 through the second inclined hole 67, and the incineration ash is discharged out of the casing 51; the second ash blocking plate 88 blocks the incineration ash falling into the second sliding groove 86, so that the incineration ash is reduced from entering the second installation cavity 87; the top surface of the sliding block 555 is in a sharp angle shape, so that the incineration ash falling to the top surface of the sliding block 555 slides to the two sides of the sliding block 555.

The transmission mechanism 54 comprises a driving sprocket 541, a driving shaft 542, a driven sprocket 543, a driven shaft 544, a chain 545 and a transmission motor 546, wherein the driving shaft 542 is arranged at one end of the outer partition plate 52, two ends of the driving shaft 542 extend out of the surrounding plate 511, the driving shaft 542 is rotatably connected to the surrounding plate 511, the length direction of the driving shaft 542 is the same as the length direction of the adsorption plate 53, the transmission motor 546 is arranged on the peripheral surface of the surrounding plate 511, and an output shaft of the transmission motor 546 is connected with the end part of the driving shaft 542; the two driving sprockets 541 are arranged, the two driving sprockets 541 are sleeved on the driving shaft 542, and the two driving sprockets 541 are respectively positioned at two sides of the outer partition plate 52; the driven shaft 544 is arranged at the other end of the outer partition plate 52, two ends of the driven shaft 544 extend out of the coaming 511, the driven shaft 544 is rotatably connected to the coaming 511, and the length direction of the driven shaft 544 is the same as the length direction of the adsorption plate 53; the driven sprockets 543 are provided with two driven sprockets 543, the driven sprockets 543 are sleeved on the driven shaft 544, and the two driven sprockets 543 are respectively arranged on two side surfaces of the outer partition plate 52; the two chains 545 are provided, the chains 545 correspond to the driven sprocket 543 and the driving sprocket 541 on the side of the outer partition plate 52, the chains 545 are wound around the driving sprocket 541 and the driven sprocket 543, and the chains 545 are meshed with the driving sprocket 541 and the driven sprocket 543.

The outer chain plates of the two chains 545 are connected with a plug 5451 at the middle position of one side surface of the outer partition plate 52, the two chains 545 are symmetrically arranged relative to the outer partition plate 52, two ends of the first rotating shaft 531 are provided with insertion holes 5311 matched with the plug 5451, and the plug 5451 is in interference fit with the inner wall of the insertion holes 5311.

When the adsorption plate 53 needs to be driven to move, the driving motor 551 drives the driving shaft 542 to rotate, the driving shaft 542 drives the driving sprocket 541 to rotate, the driving sprocket 541 drives the driven sprocket 543 to rotate through the chain 545, the driven sprocket 543 rotates through the driven shaft 544, and in the transmission process of the chain 545, the outer chain plate of the chain 545 drives the first rotating shaft 531 to rotate through the plug 5451, and the first rotating shaft 531 drives the adsorption plate 53 to transmit.

The embodiment of the application provides a small household garbage incinerator with a waste heat utilization device, which is implemented by the following principle: the transmission mechanism 54 drives the first rotating shaft 531 to move, the first rotating shaft 531 enters from the second inlet port 72, sequentially passes through the first inlet port 71, the first outlet port 75, the second outlet port 76, the fourth inlet port 74, the third inlet port 73, the third outlet port 77 and the fourth outlet port 78, the first rotating shaft 531 drives the adsorption plate 53 to move along with the movement, when the adsorption plate 53 moves to the first limiting strip 421 and the second limiting plate, the adsorption plate 53 inclines, the burnt incineration ash passes through the exhaust channel 532, the incineration ash is adsorbed on the adsorption plate 53, two layers of adsorption plates 53 are arranged, the incineration ash can be further absorbed, when the adsorption plate 53 for adsorbing the incineration ash moves out of the connecting pipe 4, the ash removing mechanism 55 cleans the incineration ash on the adsorption plate 53, and the cleaned adsorption plate 53 reenters the connecting pipe 4 to absorb the incineration ash, so that the incineration ash generated in the furnace body 1 can be greatly reduced and enters the waste heat utilization device 9 to burn the incineration ash adsorbed on the inner surface of the waste heat utilization device 9, the accumulation amount of the incineration ash on the pipeline is less, the effective life grate is prolonged, and the working time of each time of the garbage is prolonged, and the garbage operation is prolonged.

The above embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, so: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of the application should be covered in the scope of protection of the application.

Claims (10)

1. A small-size domestic waste burns grate furnace with waste heat utilization equipment, its characterized in that: the incinerator comprises an incinerator body (1), a connecting pipe (4) and an incineration ash discharge device (5), wherein the incineration ash discharge device (5) comprises a shell (51), an adsorption plate (53), a transmission mechanism (54) and an ash removal mechanism (55); the connecting pipe (4) comprises an upper pipe (41), a middle pipe (42) and a lower pipe (43), the upper pipe (41) is positioned above the middle pipe (42), the middle pipe (42) is positioned above the lower pipe (43), the lower pipe (43) is connected to the top of the furnace body (1), and the shell (51) is sleeved and connected to the connecting pipe (4); the adsorption plates (53) are provided with a plurality of adsorption plates, a first rotating shaft (531) is connected in one side edge of each adsorption plate (53) in a rotating mode, the first rotating shaft (531) extends out of two end faces of each adsorption plate (53), each adsorption plate (53) is arranged in each connecting pipe (4), and the adsorption plates (53) are wound into a circle; the transmission mechanism (54) is arranged in the shell (51), the transmission mechanism (54) is used for driving the adsorption plates (53) to rotate around a circle for transmission, and the adsorption plates (53) penetrate through the connecting pipe (4); the inner side wall of the middle pipe (42) is provided with a first limit bar (421), the bottom edge of the adsorption plate (53) slides on the top surface of the first limit bar (421), the adsorption plate (53) sliding on the top surface of the first limit bar (421) is inclined, and an exhaust channel (532) is formed between adjacent adsorption plates (53) on the top surface of the first limit bar (421); the inner side wall of the lower pipe (43) is provided with a second limit strip (431), the bottom edge of the adsorption plate (53) slides on the top surface of the second limit strip (431), the adsorption plate (53) sliding on the top surface of the second limit strip (431) is inclined, and an exhaust channel (532) is formed between adjacent adsorption plates (53) positioned on the top surface of the second limit strip (431); the ash removing mechanism (55) is arranged in the shell (51), and the ash removing mechanism (55) is used for cleaning incineration ash on the adsorption plate (53).

2. The small-sized household garbage incinerator grate with a waste heat utilization device according to claim 1, wherein: still include outer baffle (52), outer baffle (52) include baffle (521), middle board (522) and lower baffle (523), go up baffle (521) cover and locate on last pipe (41), go up baffle (521) bottom surface with it flushes to go up pipe (41) bottom surface, middle board (522) cover is located on middle pipe (42), middle board (522) bottom surface with middle pipe (42) bottom surface flushes, middle board (522) top surface with middle pipe (42) top surface flushes, lower baffle (523) cover is located on lower pipe (43), lower baffle (523) top surface with the top surface of lower pipe (43).

3. The small-sized household garbage incinerator grate with a waste heat utilization device according to claim 2, wherein: the upper partition plate (521), the middle partition plate (522) and the lower partition plate (523) are all located in the shell (51), the shell (51) comprises a surrounding plate (511), a top plate (512) and a bottom plate (513), the surrounding plate (511) is arranged around a connecting pipe (4) in a circle, the top plate (512) is sleeved and connected onto the upper partition plate (521), the outer peripheral surface of the top plate (512) is connected onto the inner peripheral surface of the surrounding plate (511), the bottom plate (513) is sleeved and connected onto the lower partition plate (523), the outer peripheral surface of the bottom plate (513) is connected onto the inner peripheral surface of the surrounding plate (511), two side surfaces of the middle partition plate (522) are connected with connecting plates (514), the top surface of the surrounding plate (511), the top surface of the top plate (512) and the top surface of the upper partition plate (521) are flush, the bottom surface of the bottom plate (513) and the bottom surface of the bottom plate (523) are flush, and the top plate (515) are flush with each other.

4. A compact household garbage incinerator with waste heat utilization device according to claim 3, characterized in that: a first rolling gap (61) is formed between the upper pipe (41) and the middle pipe (42), a second rolling gap (62) is also formed between the upper partition plate (521) and the middle partition plate (522), the first rotating shaft (531) rolls on the inner walls of the first rolling gap (61) and the second rolling gap (62), and both ends of the first rotating shaft (531) extend out of the outer partition plate (52); a third rolling gap (63) is formed between the middle pipe (42) and the lower pipe (43), a fourth rolling gap (64) is formed between the middle partition plate (522) and the lower partition plate (523), and the first rotating shaft (531) rolls on the inner walls of the third rolling gap (63) and the fourth rolling gap (64).

5. The small-sized household garbage incinerator with a waste heat utilization device according to claim 4, wherein: the two ends of the top of the middle pipe (42) are respectively provided with a first inlet (71) for the adsorption plate (53) to enter and a first outlet (75) for the adsorption plate (53) to go out, the bottom surfaces of the first inlet (71) and the first outlet (75) are flush with the top surface of the first limit strip (421), two ends of the top surface of the middle partition plate (522) are provided with a second inlet (72) for the adsorption plate (53) to enter and a second outlet (76) for the adsorption plate (53) to go out, the bottom surfaces of the second inlet (72) and the second outlet (76) are flush with the top surface of the first limit strip (421), the first inlet (71) is communicated with the second inlet (72), and the first outlet (75) is communicated with the second outlet (76), and the adsorption plate (53) on the upper layer is inclined from the first inlet (71) to the first outlet (75). The two ends of the top of the lower pipe (43) are respectively provided with a third inlet (73) for the adsorption plate (53) to enter and a third outlet (77) for the adsorption plate (53) to go out, the bottom surfaces of the third inlet (73) and the third outlet (77) are flush with the top surface of the second limiting strip (431), two ends of the top surface of the lower partition plate (523) are provided with a fourth inlet (74) for the adsorption plate (53) to enter and a fourth outlet (78) for the adsorption plate (53) to go out, the bottom surfaces of the fourth inlet (74) and the fourth outlet (78) are flush with the top surface of the second limiting strip (431), the third inlet (73) is communicated with the fourth inlet (74), and the third outlet (77) is communicated with the fourth outlet (78), and the adsorption plate (53) on the lower layer is inclined from the second outlet (76) to the second inlet (72); the second inlet port (72) and the fourth outlet port (78) are located at the same end of the housing (51), and the second outlet port (76) and the fourth inlet port (74) are located at the same end of the housing (51).

6. The small-sized household garbage incinerator with a waste heat utilization device according to claim 5, wherein: the bottom surface of the second outlet (76) is provided with a first ash removal groove (81), the length direction of the first ash removal groove (81) is the same as that of the second outlet (76), the first ash removal groove (81) is communicated with the end surface of the middle partition plate (522), and two ends of the first ash removal groove (81) extend towards the middle partition plate (522); the first ash removal groove (81) is close to the bottom surface on one side of the second outlet (76) and is provided with a first sliding groove (82), the bottom surface of the end part of the middle partition plate (522) is provided with a first installation cavity (83), the first installation cavity (83) is positioned right below the first ash removal groove (81), the first installation cavity (83) is arranged along the length direction of the first ash removal groove (81), and the first installation cavity (83) is communicated with the first sliding groove (82); the bottom surface of the fourth outlet (78) is provided with a second ash removal groove (85), the length direction of the second ash removal groove (85) is the same as that of the fourth outlet (78), the second ash removal groove (85) is communicated with the end surface of the lower partition plate (523), and two ends of the second ash removal groove (85) extend towards the lower partition plate (523); the second ash removal groove (85) is close to a second sliding groove (86) is formed in the bottom surface of one side of the fourth outlet (78), a second installation cavity (87) is formed in the bottom surface of the end part of the lower partition plate (523), the second installation cavity (87) is located right below the second ash removal groove (85), the second installation cavity (87) is arranged along the length direction of the second ash removal groove (85), and the second installation cavity (87) is communicated with the second sliding groove (86).

7. The small-sized household garbage incinerator grate with waste heat utilization device according to claim 6, wherein: two ash cleaning mechanisms (55) are arranged, one of the ash cleaning mechanisms is arranged at the second outlet (76), and the other ash cleaning mechanism is arranged at the fourth outlet (78); the ash cleaning mechanism (55) comprises a driving motor (551), a screw rod (552), a sliding block (553), a connecting block (554), a sliding block (555), a supporting block (556) and a hairbrush (557); the screw rod (552) of the ash cleaning mechanism (55) positioned at the second outlet (76) is rotationally connected in the first mounting cavity (83), the driving motor (551) is mounted on one side surface of the middle partition plate (522), an output shaft of the driving motor (551) is connected with one end of the screw rod (552), the sliding block (553) is sleeved on the screw rod (552), the sliding block (553) slides on the inner wall of the first mounting cavity (83), one end of the connecting block (554) is connected with one side surface, close to the first sliding groove (82), of the sliding block (554), the sliding block (555) slides on the inner wall of the first sliding groove (82), one end of the supporting block (556) is vertically connected to the top of the sliding block (555), the back surface of the hairbrush (557) is connected to the top of the supporting block (556), and the hairbrush (557) is attached to the side surface of the adsorption plate (53); the dust removing device is characterized in that the dust removing device is located at the fourth outlet (78) and is rotationally connected with a screw rod (552) of the dust removing mechanism in a second mounting cavity (87), a driving motor (551) is mounted on one side face of a lower partition plate (523), an output shaft of the driving motor (551) is connected with one end of the screw rod (552), a sliding block (553) is sleeved on the screw rod (552), the sliding block (553) slides on the inner wall of the second mounting cavity (87), one end of a connecting block (554) is connected with one side face of the sliding block (553) close to a second sliding groove (86), a sliding block (555) slides on the inner wall of the second sliding groove (86), one end of a supporting block (556) is vertically connected with the top of the sliding block (555), the back face of a hairbrush (557) is connected with the top end of the supporting block (556), and the hairbrush (557) is attached to the side face of the adsorption plate (53).

8. The small-sized household garbage incinerator grate with waste heat utilization device according to claim 7, wherein: the two side surfaces of the middle partition plate (522) are respectively provided with a first inclined hole (65) communicated with the ends of the first sliding groove (82) and the first installation cavity (83), the first inclined holes (65) are used for enabling incineration ash in the first sliding groove (82) and the first installation cavity (83) to fall down, the two side surfaces of the middle partition plate (522) are respectively provided with a first ash leakage pipe (66), one end of each first ash leakage pipe (66) is communicated with the first inclined holes (65), and the bottom end of each first ash leakage pipe (66) penetrates through the bottom surface of the bottom plate (513); the two side surfaces of the lower partition plate (523) are respectively provided with a second inclined hole (67) communicated with the ends of the second sliding groove (86) and the second installation cavity (87), and the second inclined holes (67) are used for the incineration ash in the second sliding groove (86) and the second installation cavity (87) to fall down; the two sides of the lower partition plate (523) are respectively provided with a second ash leakage pipe (68), one end of each second ash leakage pipe (68) is communicated with the second inclined hole (67), and the bottom end of each second ash leakage pipe (68) penetrates through the bottom surface of the bottom plate (513).

9. A compact household garbage incinerator with waste heat utilization device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the driving mechanism (54) comprises a driving sprocket (541), a driving shaft (542), a driven sprocket (543), a driven shaft (544), a chain (545) and a driving motor (546), wherein the driving shaft (542) is arranged at one end of the outer partition plate (52), two ends of the driving shaft (542) extend out of the surrounding plate (511), the driving shaft (542) is rotationally connected to the surrounding plate (511), the length direction of the driving shaft (542) is the same as the length direction of the adsorption plate (53), the driving motor (546) is arranged on the peripheral surface of the surrounding plate (511), and an output shaft of the driving motor (546) is connected with the end part of the driving shaft (542); the two driving sprockets (541) are respectively sleeved on the driving shafts (542), and the two driving sprockets (541) are respectively positioned on two sides of the outer partition plate (52); the driven shaft (544) is arranged at the other end of the outer partition plate (52), two ends of the driven shaft (544) extend out of the coaming (511), the driven shaft (544) is rotatably connected to the coaming (511), and the length direction of the driven shaft (544) is the same as the length direction of the adsorption plate (53); the driven sprockets (543) are arranged in two, the driven sprockets (543) are sleeved on the driven shaft (544), and the driven sprockets (543) are respectively arranged on two side surfaces of the outer partition plate (52); the two chains (545) are arranged, the chains (545) correspond to the driven sprocket (543) and the driving sprocket (541) on one side of the outer partition plate (52), the chains (545) are wound on the driving sprocket (541) and the driven sprocket (543), and the chains (545) are meshed with the driving sprocket (541) and the driven sprocket (543); the two ends of the first rotating shaft (531) are respectively connected to the outer chain plates of the two chains (545).

10. The small-sized household garbage incinerator grate with a waste heat utilization device according to claim 1, wherein: both side surfaces of the adsorption plate (53) are provided with a plurality of dust collecting grooves (533), and two ends of the dust collecting grooves (533) are communicated with two ends of the adsorption plate (53); the adsorption plate (53) is close to both sides face of a side of first pivot (531) all is provided with mounting groove (534), mounting groove (534) are followed first pivot (531) length direction sets up just the both ends of mounting groove (534) communicate in the both ends of adsorption plate (53), be provided with baffle (535) in mounting groove (534), rotation is connected with second pivot (536) in baffle (535) one side, second pivot (536) rotate connect in mounting groove (534) top.