CN117153435A - Heat pipe integrated high-temperature reactor - Google Patents

Heat pipe integrated high-temperature reactor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117153435A
CN117153435A CN202311122585.XA CN202311122585A CN117153435A CN 117153435 A CN117153435 A CN 117153435A CN 202311122585 A CN202311122585 A CN 202311122585A CN 117153435 A CN117153435 A CN 117153435A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
cabin
heat pipe
heat
heat exchange
reactor
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Granted
Application number
CN202311122585.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN117153435B (en
Inventor
刘嵩阳
罗勇
周勤
刘伟
李雪琳
王朗
刘平
郭若楠
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Huaneng Nuclear Energy Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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Huaneng Nuclear Energy Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202311122585.XA priority Critical patent/CN117153435B/en
Publication of CN117153435A publication Critical patent/CN117153435A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN117153435B publication Critical patent/CN117153435B/en
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
    • G21C15/24—Promoting flow of the coolant
    • G21C15/257—Promoting flow of the coolant using heat-pipes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C1/00—Reactor types
    • G21C1/32—Integral reactors, i.e. reactors wherein parts functionally associated with the reactor but not essential to the reaction, e.g. heat exchangers, are disposed inside the enclosure with the core
    • G21C1/322—Integral reactors, i.e. reactors wherein parts functionally associated with the reactor but not essential to the reaction, e.g. heat exchangers, are disposed inside the enclosure with the core wherein the heat exchanger is disposed above the core
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
    • G21C15/02—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C3/00—Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
    • G21C3/02—Fuel elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C3/00—Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
    • G21C3/42—Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel
    • G21C3/58—Solid reactor fuel Pellets made of fissile material
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C5/00—Moderator or core structure; Selection of materials for use as moderator
    • G21C5/12—Moderator or core structure; Selection of materials for use as moderator characterised by composition, e.g. the moderator containing additional substances which ensure improved heat resistance of the moderator
    • G21C5/126—Carbonic moderators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C5/00—Moderator or core structure; Selection of materials for use as moderator
    • G21C5/14—Moderator or core structure; Selection of materials for use as moderator characterised by shape
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C7/00—Control of nuclear reaction
    • G21C7/06—Control of nuclear reaction by application of neutron-absorbing material, i.e. material with absorption cross-section very much in excess of reflection cross-section
    • G21C7/08—Control of nuclear reaction by application of neutron-absorbing material, i.e. material with absorption cross-section very much in excess of reflection cross-section by displacement of solid control elements, e.g. control rods
    • G21C7/10—Construction of control elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C7/00—Control of nuclear reaction
    • G21C7/06—Control of nuclear reaction by application of neutron-absorbing material, i.e. material with absorption cross-section very much in excess of reflection cross-section
    • G21C7/08—Control of nuclear reaction by application of neutron-absorbing material, i.e. material with absorption cross-section very much in excess of reflection cross-section by displacement of solid control elements, e.g. control rods
    • G21C7/12—Means for moving control elements to desired position
    • G21C7/14—Mechanical drive arrangements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21D—NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
    • G21D1/00—Details of nuclear power plant
    • G21D1/006—Details of nuclear power plant primary side of steam generators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F1/00—Shielding characterised by the composition of the materials
    • G21F1/02—Selection of uniform shielding materials
    • G21F1/08—Metals; Alloys; Cermets, i.e. sintered mixtures of ceramics and metals
    • G21F1/085—Heavy metals or alloys
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Structure Of Emergency Protection For Nuclear Reactors (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses a heat pipe integrated high-temperature reactor, which comprises a protection unit: comprising a pressure vessel; a reactor unit including a stack compartment and a fuel cell assembly; the heat exchange unit comprises a heat exchange cabin, a first partition board and a heat transfer pipe; the steam generation unit comprises a steam cabin, a second partition board, a water inlet pipe and a steam outlet pipe; the control unit comprises a large rotating hub, a small rotating hub, a rotary table and a telescopic rod. The application has the beneficial effects that the reactor core, the intermediate heat exchange system and the evaporator system are integrated, so that the reactor core, the intermediate heat exchange system and the evaporator system are compact and modularized, the reactor core can be rapidly deployed and operated, the problems of difficult energy supply and slow energy supply are solved, the heat exchange cabin filled with molten lead is additionally arranged, the influence of rays released by the reactor core on working medium water in the steam cabin can be better shielded, the discharge of nuclear wastewater is reduced, the molten lead is cooled and solidified under accidents such as partition board rupture and the like of the heat exchange cabin, and the fission products of the reactor core can be protected from leakage.

Description

Heat pipe integrated high-temperature reactor
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of nuclear reactors, in particular to a heat pipe integrated high-temperature reactor.
Background
In areas that are greatly affected by environmental factors, such as islands, areas where geological disasters occur, deserts, and the like, energy supply often faces a great challenge. Conventional energy supply methods are often subject to imperfections in the supply network and unpredictability of weather conditions, resulting in instability and unreliability of the energy supply. In order to solve this problem and to ensure that the energy supply in these areas can be stable, reliable and safe, a hot pipe high temperature reactor is becoming a solution of great interest.
Such reactors utilize heat pipe technology to achieve efficient heat transfer and management. The heat pipe is a packaged heat conduction device, and absorbs, transmits and releases heat by using working fluid in the heat pipe, so that efficient heat dissipation and temperature control are realized. The traditional heat pipe high-temperature reactor equipment is large in size, difficult to transport, incapable of being rapidly deployed and operated, and not suitable for energy supply under emergency conditions, such as rescue work after natural disasters, power supply in remote areas and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
This section is intended to outline some aspects of embodiments of the application and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section as well as in the description of the application and in the title of the application, which may not be used to limit the scope of the application.
The present application has been made in view of the above-mentioned or existing problems occurring in the prior art.
Therefore, the application aims to provide a heat pipe integrated high-temperature reactor which can provide renewable energy sources, and can be rapidly deployed and operated due to the characteristics of compactness and modularization, so that the problems of difficult energy supply and slow energy supply in emergency are solved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides the following technical scheme: a heat pipe integrated high temperature reactor comprising a protection unit: comprising a pressure vessel;
a reactor unit including a stack compartment and a plurality of fuel cell assemblies disposed within the stack compartment;
the heat exchange unit comprises a heat exchange cabin, a first partition plate arranged above the stack cabin and a heat transfer pipe arranged in the heat exchange cabin;
the steam generation unit comprises a steam cabin, a second partition plate arranged above the heat exchange cabin, water inlet pipes arranged on two sides of the steam cabin and a steam outlet pipe arranged above the steam cabin;
the control unit comprises a large rotating hub, a small rotating hub arranged on one side of the large rotating hub, a rotary table arranged at the bottom of the large rotating hub and a telescopic rod arranged on one side of the rotary table.
As a preferable scheme of the heat pipe integrated high temperature reactor of the application, wherein: the pressure vessel further comprises a hub cavity arranged at one side of the stacking cabin, a rotary table cabin arranged at the bottom of the pressure vessel and a transmission cabin arranged below the rotary table cabin; the transmission cabin comprises a hinge rod arranged on one side of the transmission cabin.
As a preferable scheme of the heat pipe integrated high temperature reactor of the application, wherein: the fuel cell assembly includes a core and a heat pipe disposed outside the core.
As a preferable scheme of the heat pipe integrated high temperature reactor of the application, wherein: the heat pipe comprises a heat source end, a condensing end arranged at one side of the heat source end and a heat buffer rod arranged in the heat pipe.
As a preferable scheme of the heat pipe integrated high temperature reactor of the application, wherein: the heat pipe penetrates through the first partition board and is communicated with the stacking cabin and the heat exchange cabin.
As a preferable scheme of the heat pipe integrated high temperature reactor of the application, wherein: the heat transfer pipe penetrates through the second partition board and is communicated with the heat exchange cabin and the steam cabin.
As a preferable scheme of the heat pipe integrated high temperature reactor of the application, wherein: the large rotating hub comprises an absorber arranged on one side of the large rotating hub, a cam arranged on one side of the large rotating hub and a first bolt arranged on one side of the cam;
the small rotating hub comprises a second bolt arranged at the bottom of the small rotating hub.
As a preferable scheme of the heat pipe integrated high temperature reactor of the application, wherein: the turntable comprises a second track arranged on the surface of the turntable, a first track arranged on one side of the second track, a convex plate arranged at the bottom of the turntable and a hinge joint arranged on one side of the convex plate.
As a preferable scheme of the heat pipe integrated high temperature reactor of the application, wherein: the second track is matched with the first bolt;
the first rail is matched with the second bolt.
As a preferable scheme of the heat pipe integrated high temperature reactor of the application, wherein: the telescopic rod comprises a fixed end and a movable end; the fixed end is matched with the hinging rod; the movable end is matched with the hinge joint.
The application has the beneficial effects that: the novel reactor core design is adopted, and the reactor core, the intermediate heat exchange system and the evaporator system are integrated, so that the reactor core has the characteristics of compactness and modularization, and can be rapidly deployed and operated, thereby solving the problems of difficult energy supply and slow energy supply in emergency; the reactor core is triangular prism-shaped, the heat pipes are arranged outside the reactor core in a triangular array, so that energy generated by the reactor core can be comprehensively absorbed, and a heat exchange cabin filled with molten lead is additionally arranged between the reactor core cabin and the steam cabin, so that the influence of rays released by the reactor core on working medium water in the steam cabin can be well reduced due to the shielding characteristic of the lead, the discharge of nuclear wastewater after the reactor works is reduced, a layer of safety barrier is additionally arranged on the heat exchange cabin, and under serious accidents such as partition plate rupture, loss of coolant in the steam generator cabin and the like, the molten lead is cooled and solidified, and fission products of the reactor core are prevented from leaking; in addition, the traditional control rods are replaced by boron carbide rotating hubs which are arranged at intervals, and the neutron flux density of the reflecting layer is controlled by controlling the position of the boron carbide material through a bottom turntable, so that the reactor core reactivity is controlled; meanwhile, the reactor core design meets the fourth generation reactor standard, the reactor adopts TRISO fuel particles and a graphite matrix as fuel elements, and graphite materials are used as moderator materials. The high temperature feedback coefficient of the fuel and the high heat capacity material characteristic of the graphite component enable the control system to be completely invalid under the serious accident condition, and the automatic shutdown can be realized by means of high temperature, so that the safety under the accident condition is ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall external view of a heat pipe integrated high temperature reactor;
FIG. 2 is an overall cross-sectional view of a heat pipe integrated high temperature reactor;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a core arrangement in a heat pipe integrated high temperature reactor;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a pressure vessel in a heat pipe integrated high temperature reactor;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a heat pipe in a heat pipe integrated high temperature reactor;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of a large/small rotating hub in a heat pipe integrated high temperature reactor;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a turntable in a heat pipe integrated high temperature reactor;
FIG. 8 is an overall half cross-sectional view of a heat pipe integrated high temperature reactor;
fig. 9 is a partial enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 8 in a heat pipe integrated high temperature reactor.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present application will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the application will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, but the present application may be practiced in other ways other than those described herein, and persons skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Further, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic can be included in at least one implementation of the application. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, a first embodiment of the present application provides a heat pipe integrated high temperature reactor, which includes a protection unit 100: including a pressure vessel 101;
a reactor unit 200 including a stack compartment 201, and a plurality of fuel cell assemblies 202 disposed within the stack compartment 201;
the heat exchange unit 300 comprises a heat exchange cabin 301, a first partition plate 302 arranged above the stack cabin 201, and a heat transfer tube 303 arranged in the heat exchange cabin 301;
the steam generation unit 400 comprises a steam cabin 401, a second partition plate 402 arranged above the heat exchange cabin 301, a water inlet pipe 403 arranged at two sides of the steam cabin 401, and a steam outlet pipe 404 arranged above the steam cabin 401;
the control unit 500 includes a large rotating hub 501, a small rotating hub 502 provided at one side of the large rotating hub 501, a turntable 503 provided at the bottom of the large rotating hub 501, and a telescopic rod 504 provided at one side of the turntable 503.
The pressure vessel 101 is a vessel for storing and containing the working medium and fission products in the high-temperature heat pipe reactor, has extremely high strength, pressure resistance and high temperature tolerance, and is generally made of special alloy materials such as niobium alloy, nickel-based alloy and the like;
preferably, the pressure vessel 101 contains the steam generation unit 400, the heat exchange unit 300, the reactor unit 200, and the control unit 500 in this order from top to bottom, and the four modules are integrated in the pressure vessel 101 and separated by a high-strength partition plate, which is made of a material consistent with that of the pressure vessel 101.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, a second embodiment of the present application is different from the first embodiment in that: the pressure vessel 101 further comprises a hub cavity 101a arranged at one side of the stack cabin 201, a turntable cabin 101b arranged at the bottom of the pressure vessel 101 and a transmission cabin 101c arranged below the turntable cabin 101 b; the transmission compartment 101c includes a hinge rod 101c-1 provided at one side thereof.
The fuel cell assembly 202 includes a core 202a and heat pipes 202b disposed outside the core 202 a.
The ventilation groove 202a penetrates through the through hole 202c.
The heat pipe 202b includes a heat source end 202b-1, a condensation end 202b-2 disposed at one side of the heat source end 202b-1, and a thermal buffer rod 202b-3 disposed within the heat pipe 202b.
The heat pipe 202b penetrates the first partition 302, and communicates the stack compartment 201 with the heat exchange compartment 301.
The heat transfer pipe 303 penetrates the second partition 402, and communicates the heat exchange chamber 301 with the steam chamber 401.
The large rotating hub 501 includes an absorber 501a provided on one side thereof, a cam 501b provided on one side of the large rotating hub 501, and a first plug 501c provided on one side of the cam 501 b;
the small rotating hub 502 includes a second latch 502a disposed at a bottom thereof.
In the pressure vessel 101, the heat exchange chamber 301 and the steam chamber 401 are circular and hollow, while the reactor chamber 201 is open and is hollow in a regular hexagon, the hub chamber 101a is a 3/4 circular through hole penetrating to the turntable chamber 101b, and is specifically divided into a large hub chamber formed in the middle of six sides of the hexagon of the reactor chamber 201, and a small hub chamber formed in six corners of the hexagon, wherein the 1/4 opening of the hub chamber 101a faces the center of the reactor chamber 201, the large hub chamber is internally provided with a large rotating hub 501, and the small hub chamber is internally provided with a small rotating hub 502.
Preferably, the rotating hub body is composed of an absorber 501a and peripheral graphite, the absorber 501a is carbon boride (B4C) material, fission generating neutrons in the nuclear reactor is an important component in the reaction process, the carbon boride has a very high neutron absorption sectional area and can effectively absorb neutrons, thereby controlling the nuclear fission reaction rate, the cam 501B is fixedly arranged at one end of the rotating hub, the first bolt 501C is fixedly arranged at the convex center of the cam 501B of the large rotating hub 501, the second bolt 502a is fixedly arranged at the convex center of the cam 501B of the small rotating hub 502, the cam 501B drives the rotating hub to rotate so that the absorber 501a is exposed in the reactor compartment 201, and the exposed area of the absorber 501a can be controlled through the rotation angle of the cam 501B, thereby controlling the reaction rate of the reactor.
Preferably, the fuel fence assembly 202 is composed of a uniform array of cores 202a and heat pipes 202b, as shown in fig. 3, each heat pipe 202b is shared by 6 cores 202a, heat of each core 202a is transferred to the heat exchange compartment 301 by three adjacent heat pipes 202b, in the core 202a, a columnar TRISO fuel section is centered, the section is filled with a graphite matrix and contains dispersed TRISO fuel particles, the TRISO particles are designed as a common fuel for a high-temperature reactor, the particles are used as a first barrier for containing radioactive products, the TRISO fuel section is coated with graphite material, the section is a graphite shell section, and a graphite cladding is used as a second barrier for containing radioactive products. The two sections together form a fuel element, are in a prism-like block, are overlapped and arranged in the longitudinal direction of the reactor core 202a, and the heat pipes 202b are single integral in the longitudinal direction, start from the reactor core 202a, penetrate through the first partition 302 and are inserted into the intermediate heat exchange cabin 301 for heat input.
Preferably, the heat exchange cabin 301 is filled with metallic lead, the metallic lead in the cabin is in a molten state due to high temperature of the reactor core, the non-uniform distribution of the temperature of the heat pipes can lead the molten lead to generate flowing stirring, so that the temperature distribution of the molten lead is more uniform, the radial temperature distribution can be more uniform, radial power peaks and temperature peak factors are reduced, the influence of the non-uniform temperature distribution on the safety and economy of the reactor is reduced, lead is a good shielding material, the influence of rays released by the reactor core 202a on working medium water in the steam cabin 401 is reduced, the discharge of nuclear wastewater after the reactor works is reduced, meanwhile, a layer of safety barrier is added for the reactor core due to the arrangement of the middle heat exchange cabin 301, under serious accidents such as rupture of a partition board, loss of coolant in the steam generator cabin, and the like, the molten lead is cooled and solidified, the fission products of the reactor core are protected from leakage, and another group of heat transfer pipes 303 are arranged in the heat exchange cabin 301 and the heat pipes 202b connected with the reactor core 202a are alternately arranged. The molten lead passes through the second set of heat transfer tubes 303, transferring heat to the steam compartment 401.
Preferably, a second partition plate 402 is arranged between the heat exchange cabin 301 and the steam cabin 401, the heat transfer pipe 303 penetrates through the second partition plate 402 to transfer heat into the steam cabin 401, the water inlet pipe 403 is fixedly arranged on two sides of the steam cabin 401 and is symmetrically distributed, the water inlet pipe 402 is communicated with the steam cabin 401, the heat transfer pipe 303 guides out the heat from the heat exchange cabin 301, the working medium water in the steam cabin 401 is heated, so that the water boils and changes phase to generate high-temperature steam, the high-temperature steam is output through the steam outlet pipe 404 above, and finally the steam is converted and collected through an external steam turbine.
When the integrated small-sized prismatic high-temperature heat pipe reactor device is in normal operation, the integrated small-sized prismatic high-temperature heat pipe reactor device can be conveyed to a target place in a vehicle-mounted, railway, air transportation mode and the like and is connected through a preset pipeline system. After the reactor is started, the cracking energy is transmitted to the steam generator system through the heat pipe and the intermediate heat exchange system, and the working medium water is heated to be changed into high-temperature steam energy for the target device to use, and the high-temperature steam energy is used as an energy supply unit to provide energy support for the target system. By connecting an external piping system to output steam power, no additional thermal energy conversion system is required, and the equipment is reduced, thereby improving stability, reliability and economy.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 1 to 9, a third embodiment of the present application includes the above two embodiments, and is different from the above two embodiments: the turntable 503 further includes a second track 503a disposed on a surface thereof, a first track 503b disposed on one side of the second track 503a, a protruding plate 503c disposed at a bottom of the turntable 503, and a hinge joint 503d disposed on one side of the protruding plate 503 c.
The second track 503a mates with the first latch 501c;
the first track 503b mates with the second latch 502a.
The telescopic rod 504 comprises a fixed end 504a and a movable end 504b; the fixed end 504a mates with the hinge rod 101 c-1; the movable end 504b mates with the hinge 503d.
The turntable 503 is movably mounted in the turntable compartment 101b, and the telescopic rod 504 is hinged in the transmission compartment 101 c.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 7 and fig. 9, six pairs of second tracks 503a distributed in a circular array and penetrating through are arranged on the turntable 503, meanwhile, first tracks 503b penetrating through are uniformly distributed between every two first tracks 503b, the second tracks 503a are meshed with a first bolt 501c at the bottom of the large rotating hub 501, the first bolt 501c is inserted into the second tracks 503a, likewise, a second bolt 502a at the bottom of the small rotating hub 502 is inserted into the first tracks 503b, when the turntable 503 rotates anticlockwise, the first bolts 501c rotate clockwise along the second tracks 503a and drive the large rotating hub 501 to rotate, the second bolts 502a also rotate clockwise along the first tracks 503b synchronously to drive the small rotating hub 502, and the exposed area of the absorber 501a is controlled through rotating torque, so as to control the reaction rate of the reactor.
Preferably, a round table-shaped protruding plate 503c is fixedly connected to the bottom of the turntable 503, the protruding plate 503c extends from the turntable compartment 101b into the transmission compartment 101c, a hinge joint 503d is fixedly connected to the surface of the protruding plate 503c, the hinge joint 503d is hinged to a movable end 504b of the telescopic rod 504, a fixed end 504a of the telescopic rod 504 is hinged to the hinge rod 101c-1, the telescopic rod 504 is electrically driven or hydraulically and electrically driven, and the turntable 503 can be driven to rotate clockwise and anticlockwise through telescopic feeding amount so as to control the rotating hubs.
When the device is used, the device is conveyed to a target place in a vehicle-mounted mode, a railway mode, an air-borne mode and the like and is connected through a preset pipeline system, after the device is installed, the device can start to work, the reactor core 202a serves as a heat source to generate heat energy through fission reaction, the heat generated by the reactor core is transferred into molten lead in the heat exchange cabin 301 through the heat pipe 202b and then is conveyed to a steam cabin through the heat transfer pipe 303, working medium water is heated to generate high-temperature steam, and finally, the steam heat energy is converted into energy to supply energy for the target system through the steam turbine.
In conclusion, the novel reactor core design is adopted, and the reactor core 202a, the intermediate heat exchange system and the evaporator system are integrated, so that the reactor core has the characteristics of compactness and modularization, and can be rapidly deployed and operated, thereby solving the problems of difficult energy supply and slow energy supply in emergency; the reactor core 202a is in a triangular prism shape, the heat pipes 202b are arranged outside the reactor core 202a in a triangular array, so that energy generated by the reactor core 202a can be comprehensively absorbed, a heat exchange cabin filled with molten lead is additionally arranged between a reactor core cabin and a steam cabin, the influence of rays released by the reactor core 202a on working medium water in the steam cabin 401 can be well reduced due to the shielding characteristic of the lead, the discharge of nuclear wastewater after the reactor works is reduced, a layer of safety barrier is additionally arranged in the heat exchange cabin 301 for the reactor core, and under serious accidents such as rupture of a partition board, loss of coolant in the steam generator cabin and the like, the molten lead is cooled and solidified, and fission products of the reactor core 202a are prevented from leaking; in addition, the conventional control rods are replaced by boron carbide rotating hubs which are arranged at intervals in size, and the position of the boron carbide material is controlled by the bottom turntable 503 to control the neutron flux density of the reflecting layer, so that the reactor core reactivity is controlled; meanwhile, the reactor core design meets the fourth generation reactor standard, the reactor adopts TRISO fuel particles and a graphite matrix as fuel elements, and graphite materials are used as moderator materials. The high temperature feedback coefficient of the fuel and the high heat capacity material characteristic of the graphite component enable the control system to be completely invalid under the serious accident condition, and the automatic shutdown can be realized by means of high temperature, so that the safety under the accident condition is ensured.
It is important to note that the construction and arrangement of the application as shown in the various exemplary embodiments is illustrative only. Although only a few embodiments have been described in detail in this disclosure, those skilled in the art who review this disclosure will readily appreciate that many modifications are possible (e.g., variations in sizes, dimensions, structures, shapes and proportions of the various elements, values of parameters (e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, colors, orientations, etc.) without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in this application. For example, elements shown as integrally formed may be constructed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be reversed or otherwise varied, and the nature or number of discrete elements or positions may be altered or varied. Accordingly, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of present application. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be varied or re-sequenced according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any means-plus-function clause is intended to cover the structures described herein as performing the recited function and not only structural equivalents but also equivalent structures. Other substitutions, modifications, changes and omissions may be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the present applications. Therefore, the application is not limited to the specific embodiments, but extends to various modifications that nevertheless fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Furthermore, in order to provide a concise description of the exemplary embodiments, all features of an actual implementation may not be described (i.e., those not associated with the best mode presently contemplated for carrying out the application, or those not associated with practicing the application).
It should be appreciated that in the development of any such actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions may be made. Such a development effort might be complex and time consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking of design, fabrication, and manufacture for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure.
It should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application and not for limiting the same, and although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present application may be modified or substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present application, which is intended to be covered in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a heat pipe integrated high temperature reactor which characterized in that: comprising, a protection unit (100): comprises a pressure vessel (101);
a reactor unit (200) comprising a stack compartment (201), and a plurality of fuel cell assemblies (202) disposed within the stack compartment (201);
a heat exchange unit (300) comprising a heat exchange cabin (301), a first partition plate (302) arranged above the stack cabin (201), and a heat transfer pipe (303) arranged in the heat exchange cabin (301);
the steam generation unit (400) comprises a steam cabin (401), a second partition plate (402) arranged above the heat exchange cabin (301), water inlet pipes (403) arranged on two sides of the steam cabin (401), and a steam outlet pipe (404) arranged above the steam cabin (401);
the control unit (500) comprises a large rotating hub (501), a small rotating hub (502) arranged on one side of the large rotating hub (501), a rotary table (503) arranged at the bottom of the large rotating hub (501), and a telescopic rod (504) arranged on one side of the rotary table (503).
2. The heat pipe integrated high temperature reactor of claim 1, wherein: the pressure vessel (101) further comprises a hub cavity (101 a) arranged at one side of the stack vessel (201), a turntable cabin (101 b) arranged at the bottom of the pressure vessel (101) and a transmission cabin (101 c) arranged below the turntable cabin (101 b); the transmission compartment (101 c) comprises a hinge rod (101 c-1) arranged at one side of the transmission compartment.
3. The heat pipe integrated high temperature reactor of claim 2, wherein: the fuel cell assembly (202) includes a core (202 a) and a heat pipe (202 b) disposed outside the core (202 a).
4. The heat pipe integrated high temperature reactor of claim 3, wherein: the heat pipe (202 b) comprises a heat source end (202 b-1), a condensation end (202 b-2) arranged at one side of the heat source end (202 b-1), and a heat buffer rod (202 b-3) arranged in the heat pipe (202 b).
5. The heat pipe integrated high temperature reactor of claim 4, wherein: the heat pipe (202 b) penetrates through the first partition board (302) and is communicated with the stacking compartment (201) and the heat exchange compartment (301).
6. The heat pipe integrated high temperature reactor of claim 5, wherein: the heat transfer pipe (303) penetrates through the second partition board (402) and is communicated with the heat exchange cabin (301) and the steam cabin (401).
7. The heat pipe integrated high temperature reactor of any one of claims 3-6, wherein: the large rotating hub (501) comprises an absorber (501 a) arranged on one side of the absorber, a cam (501 b) arranged on one side of the large rotating hub (501), and a first plug pin (501 c) arranged on one side of the cam (501 b);
the small rotating hub (502) includes a second latch (502 a) disposed at a bottom thereof.
8. The heat pipe integrated high temperature reactor of claim 7, wherein: the turntable (503) comprises a second track (503 a) arranged on the surface of the turntable, a first track (503 b) arranged on one side of the second track (503 a), a convex plate (503 c) arranged at the bottom of the turntable (503), and a hinge joint (503 d) arranged on one side of the convex plate (503 c).
9. The heat pipe integrated high temperature reactor of claim 8, wherein: the second track (503 a) is matched with the first bolt (501 c);
the first track (503 b) mates with the second latch (502 a).
10. The heat pipe integrated high temperature reactor of claim 9, wherein: the telescopic rod (504) comprises a fixed end (504 a) and a movable end (504 b); the fixed end (504 a) is matched with the hinging rod (101 c-1); the movable end (504 b) cooperates with the hinge (503 d).
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