CN117139629A - 一种高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀丝材及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀丝材及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀丝材及其制备方法,涉及金属材料技术领域。本发明制备方法包括如下步骤:S1:配制粉芯:将粉末材料均匀混合,放入球磨机研磨,得到预合金粉末;S2:将预合金粉末置于气雾化炉中处理后筛分得到高熵合金粉末;S3:高熵合金粉末平铺在不锈钢带上经过半熔化烧结、随炉冷却、深冷处理和冷轧,形成双层复合带材;S4:双层复合带材裁剪、卷管和拔丝工序后形成丝材,将丝材进行盘丝处理,得到高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀丝材。本申请制备的丝材中包裹的粉末颗粒分布均匀,制备出的高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀性能优良。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及金属材料技术领域,具体涉及一种高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀丝材及其制备方法。
背景技术
高熵合金是多种合金元素按等原子比合成的一种新型合金材料,相比于传统的单主元或双主元合金,多主元合金具有高熵效应,且原子不易扩散,形成的结构简单、不易形成金属间化合物,使得高熵合金具有优异的耐磨性和塑性。高熵合金中由于各组成元素的原子半径相差较大,形成较大的晶格畸变,这种“晶格畸变效应”使材料在高温氧化过程中表现出优异的抗氧化性能。但是,高熵合金熔炼难度比较大,冷加工性能也不强,且制备成本较高。高熵合金涂层能保持高熵合金的优异性能,其制备方法也比高熵合金块体简单,所以关于高熵合金涂层制备方法的研究成为当前高熵合金的研究热点。电弧喷涂是用电作为能源消耗,两根金属丝通过送丝设备在顶端连接后短路,短路后产生大量的热源,把丝材熔化,在高压空气的压力下以很高的速度喷向基体表面,在表面沉积形成涂层。电弧喷涂丝材主要有实心丝材和粉芯丝材两大类,在喷涂时,实心丝材成分难以调节,导致其应用范围受到限制。粉芯丝材也称管状丝,根据所需选择金属外皮和配置内部粉芯。金属外皮主要选择塑性较好的低碳钢带或者其他合金或金属带。粉芯部分可根据设计需要选择各种金属合金、氧化物、碳化物、陶瓷等粉末按比例混合后作为填充物。粉芯丝材兼具实心丝材和粉末的优点,拔丝容易,并且使不导电的粉末材料也能应用于电弧熔覆或电弧的对焊。
现有技术中,选择不锈钢带作为包覆金属材料包裹高熵合金纳米晶,并利用拉拔方式将其拉拔成适用电弧喷涂设备的粉芯丝材。然而在实际生产过程中,随着拉拔的进行,粉末在管内还具有一定的流动性,粉末填充到管内各处,并导致粉末被压实,粉末颗粒失去流动性,当拉拔继续进行,管内粉心被拉断,粉芯紧附在管壁上,而没有粉芯附着的管壁,出现剧烈的塑性变形,导致管的内径凹凸不平。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀丝材及其制备方法,解决以下技术问题:
现有技术生产的粉芯丝材中粉末颗粒分布不均匀,影响涂层性能。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案实现:
一种高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀丝材的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1:配制粉芯:将Fe、Cr、Mo、W、Cu、Ni、Al、Co粉末材料均匀混合,放入球磨机研磨,得到预合金粉末;
S2:将气雾化炉的熔化室抽真空后回灌氩气,加入预合金粉末熔炼后得到熔体;将熔体在惰性气体作用下经喷嘴喷射得到粉末,粉末筛分后得到高熵合金粉末;
S3:高熵合金粉末平铺在不锈钢带上,放置在真空电弧熔炼炉中进行半熔化烧结,并随炉冷却、深冷处理和冷轧,形成双层复合带材;
S4:双层复合带材裁剪、卷管和拔丝工序后形成丝材,将丝材进行盘丝处理,得到高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀丝材。
作为本发明的进一步方案:Fe、Cr、Mo、W、Cu、Ni、Al、Co金属粉末原子百分比分别为10-30%,粒度均为200-300目。金属粉末纯度均在99.5wt%以上。
作为本发明的进一步方案:S1中球磨机研磨具体步骤为:氩气氛围中,填充系数即V粉末与磨球:V球磨罐=0.4-0.6:1、球料比为8-15:1,转速为100-300rpm、球磨时间为12-36h。
作为本发明的进一步方案:S1中磨球材质为304不锈钢。
作为本发明的进一步方案:S2中熔化室抽真空后回灌氩气具体步骤为:熔化室抽真空至0.5×10-3-1×10-3MPa,回灌氩气至0.2-0.5MPa。
作为本发明的进一步方案:S2中熔炼后得到熔体具体步骤为:处理温度1300-1400℃、保持液态搅拌5-10min。
作为本发明的进一步方案:S2中惰性气体为氩气或氮气,惰性气体在3.2-3.5MPa下、气流流速300-350m/s,使熔体以1-1.2kg/min的喷射速率喷出。
作为本发明的进一步方案:S2中熔体经喷嘴导液管输送到喷嘴,喷嘴导液管为氧化铝陶瓷管,所述喷嘴导液管外置电阻丝保持喷嘴导液管内壁温度750-800℃。
作为本发明的进一步方案:S2中粉末筛分过200目筛。
作为本发明的进一步方案:高熵合金粉末平铺厚度4-6mm,不锈钢带厚度0.5-0.8mm,丝材直径2-2.2mm。
作为本发明的进一步方案:半熔化状态烧结温度为1100-1200℃。
作为本发明的进一步方案:深冷处理具体步骤为:将烧结后的不锈钢带浸泡在-196℃液氮24-48h;
作为本发明的进一步方案:冷轧具体步骤为:冷轧的每道次下压量为0.5-1mm,转移时间≤15s,轧制后的厚度为2-2.8mm。
作为本发明的进一步方案:拔丝工序具体步骤为:氩气气氛中、在800-900℃下拔丝。
一种高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀丝材,由上述任意一项制备方法制成。
本发明的有益效果:
(1)本申请以Fe、Cr、Mo、W、Cu、Ni、Al、Co粉末材料为原料,Fe与AI形成金属间化合物,提高涂层的耐磨、防蚀性能。Cr本身具有硬度高、韧性好的特点,Cr氧化物相对于铁氧化物的生成自由能较低,高温氧化条件下被优先选择生成尖晶石型复合氧化物FeO·Cr2O3,Cr2O3在1000℃下具有热稳定性优良、硬度高以及摩擦系数低的优点,Cr3+却比O2-的扩散系数高2-3个数量级有利于形成连续Cr2O3保护层,有效防止O2-向内渗透及扩散、金属离子向外扩散,从而提高材料抗氧化性能,抑制Mo从涂层中挥发、增加抗高温腐蚀性。Al促进组织中纳米颗粒的析出,BCC固溶体相增加,会对合金起到固溶强化及弥散强化作用,增加高熵合金涂层的显微硬度,降低摩擦系数,提高热稳定性。AI不仅在与Cr共存时能被优先选择氧化生成稳定性更好的Al2O3氧化膜,且在含量较低时也能生成连续的氧化膜,提高抗高温氧化和热腐蚀的能力。Ni具有较好的耐腐蚀性能及韧性,能改善涂层抗脱落能力。熔融状态下,能与Al发生剧烈反应并释放大量反应热,有利于局部的“微冶金”结合,对涂层结合强度的提高产生更明显的作用。Ni的适量添加还能大大提高铁基合金的非晶形成能力。
(2)本申请利用球磨处理实现多种元素粉末的机械混合及预合金化,球磨过程中,元素依靠各自的固态扩散实现了元素的相互固溶。反复的剧烈塑性变形使各元素粉末的晶粒不断细化,晶界数量随之增大,促进了元素粉末的合金化。同时,粉末体系内储存了大量焓变,为固溶体的形成提供了驱动力。持续的能量累积使合金形成了过饱和固溶体,粉末完成了机械合金化。再利用气雾化机对预合金粉末进行处理,在流动的惰性气体的高温处理过程中,气体与粉末之间发生了动量交换,提高了粉末颗粒的碰撞能量,粉末颗粒之间发生摩擦和碰撞,粉体中的超细颗粒会附着在大颗粒表面,使粉末粒度分布变窄,球形度提高,提高粉末的流动性能;在熔体输送过程中,在喷嘴导液管外置电阻丝保持喷嘴导液管内壁温度750-800℃,有效避免熔体冷却,保证喷射出的粉体粒径均匀细密。本申请制备的丝材处理得到的涂层具备致密的组织、较低的孔隙率、良好的抗剥落能力,良好的热稳定性、优异的耐高温腐蚀性。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀丝材的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1:配制粉芯:选取粒度200目、纯度99.9wt%的金属粉末材料,按照原子百分比为12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%的Fe、Cr、Mo、W、Cu、Ni、Al、Co粉末材料均匀混合,放入球磨机,氩气氛围中,磨球材质为304不锈钢、填充系数0.5、球料比为8:1,转速为200rpm、球磨36h,得到预合金粉末;
S2:将气雾化炉的熔化室抽真空至0.5×10-3MPa,回灌氩气至0.2MPa,加入预合金粉末、熔炼处理温度1300℃、保持液态搅拌5min得到熔体;将熔体经喷嘴导液管输送到喷嘴、在3.2MPa氩气下、气流流速300m/s,使熔体以1kg/min的喷射速率喷出,喷嘴导液管为氧化铝陶瓷管,喷嘴导液管外置电阻丝保持喷嘴导液管内壁温度750℃,经喷嘴喷射得到粉末,粉末过200目筛得到高熵合金粉末;
S3:在0.5mm厚度的不锈钢带上平铺厚度4mm的高熵合金粉末,放置在真空电弧熔炼炉中1100℃下进行半熔化烧结,并随炉冷却、浸泡在-196℃液氮48h、冷轧的每道次下压量为0.5mm,转移时间10s,轧制后的厚度为2.8mm,形成双层复合带材;
S4:双层复合带材裁剪、卷管,在氩气气氛中、900℃下拔丝后形成直径2mm丝材,将丝材进行盘丝处理,得到高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀丝材。
实施例2
一种高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀丝材的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1:配制粉芯:选取粒度200目、纯度99.9wt%的金属粉末材料,按照原子百分比为12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%的Fe、Cr、Mo、W、Cu、Ni、Al、Co粉末材料均匀混合,放入球磨机,氩气氛围中,磨球材质为304不锈钢、填充系数0.5、球料比为8:1,转速为200rpm、球磨36h,得到预合金粉末;
S2:将气雾化炉的熔化室抽真空至0.5×10-3MPa,回灌氩气至0.3MPa,加入预合金粉末、熔炼处理温度1350℃、保持液态搅拌5min得到熔体;将熔体经喷嘴导液管输送到喷嘴、在3.3MPa氩气下、气流流速320m/s,使熔体以1kg/min的喷射速率喷出,喷嘴导液管为氧化铝陶瓷管,喷嘴导液管外置电阻丝保持喷嘴导液管内壁温度760℃,经喷嘴喷射得到粉末,粉末过200目筛得到高熵合金粉末;
S3:在0.5mm厚度的不锈钢带上平铺厚度4mm的高熵合金粉末,放置在真空电弧熔炼炉中1100℃下进行半熔化烧结,并随炉冷却、浸泡在-196℃液氮48h、冷轧的每道次下压量为0.5mm,转移时间10s,轧制后的厚度为2.8mm,形成双层复合带材;
S4:双层复合带材裁剪、卷管,在氩气气氛中、900℃下拔丝后形成直径2mm丝材,将丝材进行盘丝处理,得到高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀丝材。
实施例3
一种高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀丝材的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1:配制粉芯:选取粒度200目、纯度99.9wt%的金属粉末材料,按照原子百分比为12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%的Fe、Cr、Mo、W、Cu、Ni、Al、Co粉末材料均匀混合,放入球磨机,氩气氛围中,磨球材质为304不锈钢、填充系数0.5、球料比为8:1,转速为200rpm、球磨36h,得到预合金粉末;
S2:将气雾化炉的熔化室抽真空至0.5×10-3MPa,回灌氩气至0.4MPa,加入预合金粉末、熔炼处理温度1350℃、保持液态搅拌5min得到熔体;将熔体经喷嘴导液管输送到喷嘴、在3.3MPa氩气下、气流流速320m/s,使熔体以1kg/min的喷射速率喷出,喷嘴导液管为氧化铝陶瓷管,喷嘴导液管外置电阻丝保持喷嘴导液管内壁温度770℃,经喷嘴喷射得到粉末,粉末过200目筛得到高熵合金粉末;
S3:在0.5mm厚度的不锈钢带上平铺厚度4mm的高熵合金粉末,放置在真空电弧熔炼炉中1100℃下进行半熔化烧结,并随炉冷却、浸泡在-196℃液氮48h、冷轧的每道次下压量为0.5mm,转移时间10s,轧制后的厚度为2.8mm,形成双层复合带材;
S4:双层复合带材裁剪、卷管,在氩气气氛中、900℃下拔丝后形成直径2mm丝材,将丝材进行盘丝处理,得到高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀丝材。
实施例4
一种高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀丝材的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1:配制粉芯:选取粒度200目、纯度99.9wt%的金属粉末材料,按照原子百分比为12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%的Fe、Cr、Mo、W、Cu、Ni、Al、Co粉末材料均匀混合,放入球磨机,氩气氛围中,磨球材质为304不锈钢、填充系数0.5、球料比为8:1,转速为200rpm、球磨36h,得到预合金粉末;
S2:将气雾化炉的熔化室抽真空至0.5×10-3MPa,回灌氩气至0.2MPa,加入预合金粉末、熔炼处理温度1400℃、保持液态搅拌5min得到熔体;将熔体经喷嘴导液管输送到喷嘴、在3.4MPa氩气下、气流流速340m/s,使熔体以1.1kg/min的喷射速率喷出,喷嘴导液管为氧化铝陶瓷管,喷嘴导液管外置电阻丝保持喷嘴导液管内壁温度780℃,经喷嘴喷射得到粉末,粉末过200目筛得到高熵合金粉末;
S3:在0.5mm厚度的不锈钢带上平铺厚度4mm的高熵合金粉末,放置在真空电弧熔炼炉中1100℃下进行半熔化烧结,并随炉冷却、浸泡在-196℃液氮48h、冷轧的每道次下压量为0.5mm,转移时间10s,轧制后的厚度为2.8mm,形成双层复合带材;
S4:双层复合带材裁剪、卷管,在氩气气氛中、900℃下拔丝后形成直径2mm丝材,将丝材进行盘丝处理,得到高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀丝材。
实施例5
一种高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀丝材的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1:配制粉芯:选取粒度200目、纯度99.9wt%的金属粉末材料,按照原子百分比为12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%的Fe、Cr、Mo、W、Cu、Ni、Al、Co粉末材料均匀混合,放入球磨机,氩气氛围中,磨球材质为304不锈钢、填充系数0.5、球料比为8:1,转速为200rpm、球磨36h,得到预合金粉末;
S2:将气雾化炉的熔化室抽真空至0.5×10-3MPa,回灌氩气至0.5MPa,加入预合金粉末、熔炼处理温度1400℃、保持液态搅拌5min得到熔体;将熔体经喷嘴导液管输送到喷嘴、在3.5MPa氩气下、气流流速300m/s,使熔体以1kg/min的喷射速率喷出,喷嘴导液管为氧化铝陶瓷管,喷嘴导液管外置电阻丝保持喷嘴导液管内壁温度800℃,经喷嘴喷射得到粉末,粉末过200目筛得到高熵合金粉末;
S3:在0.5mm厚度的不锈钢带上平铺厚度4mm的高熵合金粉末,放置在真空电弧熔炼炉中1100℃下进行半熔化烧结,并随炉冷却、浸泡在-196℃液氮48h、冷轧的每道次下压量为0.5mm,转移时间10s,轧制后的厚度为2.8mm,形成双层复合带材;
S4:双层复合带材裁剪、卷管,在氩气气氛中、900℃下拔丝后形成直径2mm丝材,将丝材进行盘丝处理,得到高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀丝材。
对比例1
一种高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀丝材的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1:配制粉芯:选取粒度200目、纯度99.9wt%的金属粉末材料,选取粒度200目、纯度99.9wt%的金属粉末材料,按照原子百分比为12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%的Fe、Cr、Mo、W、Cu、Ni、Al、Co粉末材料均匀混合,放入球磨机,氩气氛围中,磨球材质为304不锈钢、填充系数0.5、球料比为8:1,转速为200rpm、球磨36h,得到预合金粉末;
S2:将气雾化炉的熔化室抽真空至0.5×10-3MPa,回灌氩气至0.2MPa,加入预合金粉末、熔炼处理温度1300℃、保持液态搅拌5min得到熔体;将熔体经喷嘴导液管输送到喷嘴、在3.2MPa氩气下、气流流速300m/s,使熔体以1kg/min的喷射速率喷出,喷嘴导液管为氧化铝陶瓷管,经喷嘴喷射得到粉末,粉末过200目筛得到高熵合金粉末;
S3:在0.5mm厚度的不锈钢带上平铺厚度4mm的高熵合金粉末,放置在真空电弧熔炼炉中1100℃下进行半熔化烧结,并随炉冷却、浸泡在-196℃液氮48h、冷轧的每道次下压量为0.5mm,转移时间10s,轧制后的厚度为2.8mm,形成双层复合带材;
S4:双层复合带材裁剪、卷管,在氩气气氛中、900℃下拔丝后形成直径2mm丝材,将丝材进行盘丝处理,得到高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀丝材。
对比例2
一种高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀丝材的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1:选取粒度200目、纯度99.9wt%的金属粉末材料,选取粒度200目、纯度99.9wt%的金属粉末材料,按照原子百分比为12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%的Fe、Cr、Mo、W、Cu、Ni、Al、Co粉末材料均匀混合得到粉末;
S2:将气雾化炉的熔化室抽真空至0.5×10-3MPa,回灌氩气至0.2MPa,加入S1中制备的粉末、熔炼处理温度1300℃、保持液态搅拌5min得到熔体;将熔体经喷嘴导液管输送到喷嘴、在3.2MPa氩气下、气流流速300m/s,使熔体以1kg/min的喷射速率喷出,喷嘴导液管为氧化铝陶瓷管,喷嘴导液管外置电阻丝保持喷嘴导液管内壁温度750℃,经喷嘴喷射得到粉末,粉末过200目筛得到高熵合金粉末;
S3:在0.5mm厚度的不锈钢带上平铺厚度4mm的高熵合金粉末,放置在真空电弧熔炼炉中1100℃下进行半熔化烧结,并随炉冷却、浸泡在-196℃液氮48h、冷轧的每道次下压量为0.5mm,转移时间10s,轧制后的厚度为2.8mm,形成双层复合带材;
S4:双层复合带材裁剪、卷管,在氩气气氛中、900℃下拔丝后形成直径2mm丝材,将丝材进行盘丝处理,得到高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀丝材。
对比例3
一种高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀丝材的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1:配制粉芯:选取粒度200目、纯度99.9wt%的金属粉末材料,按照原子百分比为12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%:12.5%的Fe、Cr、Mo、W、Cu、Ni、Al、Co粉末材料均匀混合,放入球磨机,氩气氛围中,磨球材质为304不锈钢、填充系数0.5、球料比为8:1,转速为200rpm、球磨36h,得到预合金粉末;
S2:在0.5mm厚度的不锈钢带上平铺厚度4mm的预合金粉末,放置在真空电弧熔炼炉中1100℃下进行半熔化烧结,并随炉冷却、浸泡在-196℃液氮48h、冷轧的每道次下压量为0.5mm,转移时间10s,轧制后的厚度为2.8mm,形成双层复合带材;
S3:双层复合带材裁剪、卷管,在氩气气氛中、900℃下拔丝后形成直径2mm丝材,将丝材进行盘丝处理,得到高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀丝材。
性能检测
(1)采用LPSA-LMS30型号的激光粒度分析仪分析实施例1-5、对比例1-2步骤S2中制备的高熵合金粉末的粒度;采用上海馨标检测仪器制造有限公司生产的XBD-02型号霍尔流速计检测粉末流动性;釆用Image-pro软件分析粉末球形率;检测结果见表1;
表1:实施例1-5、对比例1-2高熵合金粉末性能检测数据统计表
由表1可知,本申请制备首先对金属粉末进行研磨得到预合金粉末,并对预合金粉末进行气雾处理,在喷嘴导液管外置电阻丝保持喷嘴导液管内壁温度750℃,有效避免熔体冷却,进一步提高粉体的流动性。
使用自动化高速电弧喷涂系统制备涂层试样,喷涂系统主要参数为:电压20V;电流180A;气压O.8MPa;喷涂距离150mm。喷涂涂层尺寸为10mm×10mm、厚度为300um,冷却至室温得到喷涂试样;
a:涂层显微硬度:采用MH-3显微硬度计对涂层试样的表面及截面进行维氏显微硬度测定,试验加载载荷100gf,加载时间15s,硬度值表示材料受力表面塑性变形抗力的大小,计算公式见下式:
HV=18169P/d2
式中,HV-硬度值,N/mm2;P-负荷,g;d-压痕对角线长度,mm;检测结果见表2;
b:抗热震性能:采用SX25-12箱式电阻炉进行水冷条件下的热震试验,设定温度为800℃,每次加热时间为15min。试验前切取15mm×15mm×6mm的涂层试样,并进行清洗与烘干。将涂层试样放入炉中,加热结束后立即取出并迅速投入室温水中,待涂层冷却到常温后,对其表面进行观察,若出现起皮、开裂、脱落现象则结束试验,并记录试验次数,否则再次放入炉中重复以上步骤。检测结果见表2;
c:采用Nanovea Tribometer微型摩擦磨损试验仪涂层试样的耐磨性能,试样尺寸15mmx10mm×5mm,摩擦表面经过打磨抛光,干摩擦条件下摩擦偶件为直径6mm的高铬刚轴承钢球,转速为100r/min,每次摩擦时间为5min,采用往复式磨损方式,摩擦长度10mm。采用精度为0.0001g的电子天平对磨损前后的涂层质量进行测定与记录,称重前用酒精擦拭试样表面并吹干根据下式计算试样的磨损量:
ΔM=M1-M2
式中,ΔM-磨损前后试样失重,mg;M1-磨损前试样质量,mg;M2-磨损后试样质量,mg;检测结果见表2;
表2:实施例1-5、对比例1-3丝材制备出的涂层的性能检测数据统计表
由表2可知,本申请制备的高熵合金丝材制备的涂层具有显微硬度高、抗热震性能好的优点。
以上对本发明的一个实施例进行了详细说明,但所述内容仅为本发明的较佳实施例,不能被认为用于限定本发明的实施范围。凡依本发明申请范围所作的均等变化与改进等,均应仍归属于本发明的专利涵盖范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.一种高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀丝材的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
S1:配制粉芯:将Fe、Cr、Mo、W、Cu、Ni、Al、Co粉末材料均匀混合,放入球磨机研磨,得到预合金粉末;
S2:将气雾化炉的熔化室抽真空后回灌氩气,加入预合金粉末熔炼后得到熔体;将熔体在惰性气体作用下经喷嘴喷射得到粉末,粉末筛分后得到高熵合金粉末;
S3:高熵合金粉末平铺在不锈钢带上,放置在真空电弧熔炼炉中进行半熔化烧结,并随炉冷却、深冷处理和冷轧,形成双层复合带材;
S4:双层复合带材裁剪、卷管和拔丝工序后形成丝材,将丝材进行盘丝处理,得到高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀丝材。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀丝材的制备方法,其特征在于,Fe、Cr、Mo、W、Cu、Ni、Al、Co粉末原子百分比分别为10-30%,粒度均为200-300目。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀丝材的制备方法,其特征在于,S1中球磨机研磨具体步骤为:氩气氛围中,填充系数0.4-0.6、球料比为8-15:1,转速为100-300rpm、球磨时间为12-36h。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀丝材的制备方法,其特征在于,S2中熔化室抽真空后回灌氩气具体步骤为:熔化室抽真空至0.5×10-3-1×10-3MPa,回灌氩气至0.2-0.5MPa。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀丝材的制备方法,其特征在于,S2中熔炼后得到熔体具体步骤为:处理温度1300-1400℃、保持液态搅拌5-10min。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀丝材的制备方法,其特征在于,S2中惰性气体为氩气或氮气,惰性气体在3.2-3.5MPa下、气流流速300-350m/s,使熔体以1-1.2kg/min的喷射速率喷出。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀丝材的制备方法,其特征在于,S2中熔体经喷嘴导液管输送到喷嘴,喷嘴导液管为氧化铝陶瓷管,所述喷嘴导液管外置电阻丝保持喷嘴导液管内壁温度750-800℃。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀丝材的制备方法,其特征在于,高熵合金粉末平铺厚度4-6mm,不锈钢带厚度0.5-0.8mm,丝材直径2-2.2mm。
9.一种高熵合金涂层耐磨抗腐蚀丝材,其特征在于,由权利要求1-8中任意一项所述的制备方法制成。
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