CN117138959B - Multistage efficient dust removal device and method for civil engineering - Google Patents

Multistage efficient dust removal device and method for civil engineering Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117138959B
CN117138959B CN202311259828.4A CN202311259828A CN117138959B CN 117138959 B CN117138959 B CN 117138959B CN 202311259828 A CN202311259828 A CN 202311259828A CN 117138959 B CN117138959 B CN 117138959B
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China
Prior art keywords
dust
pipe
filter screen
drives
gear
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CN202311259828.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN117138959A (en
Inventor
丁舸
黄昱霖
刘其权
欧阳磊
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Chengdu Zhongpin Construction Engineering Co ltd
Sichuan Institute of Building Research
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Chengdu Zhongpin Construction Engineering Co ltd
Sichuan Institute of Building Research
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Priority to CN202311259828.4A priority Critical patent/CN117138959B/en
Publication of CN117138959A publication Critical patent/CN117138959A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03CMAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/017Combinations of electrostatic separation with other processes, not otherwise provided for
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D46/00Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/66Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
    • B01D46/68Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by means acting on the cake side involving movement with regard to the filter elements
    • B01D46/681Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by means acting on the cake side involving movement with regard to the filter elements by scrapers, brushes or the like
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03CMAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/74Cleaning the electrodes
    • B03C3/743Cleaning the electrodes by using friction, e.g. by brushes or sliding elements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B13/00Accessories or details of general applicability for machines or apparatus for cleaning
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B15/00Preventing escape of dirt or fumes from the area where they are produced; Collecting or removing dirt or fumes from that area
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y02A50/2351Atmospheric particulate matter [PM], e.g. carbon smoke microparticles, smog, aerosol particles, dust

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a multistage efficient dust removing device and a multistage efficient dust removing method for civil construction, which relate to the technical field of removing raised dust in the civil construction, wherein an exhaust fan is connected to the right end opening of a shell of an electrostatic precipitator, and a linkage online cleaning mechanism capable of simultaneously cleaning dust cakes attached to a filter screen and dust layers on an anode plate is arranged between the electrostatic precipitator and a dust suction pipe; a single screw conveyor is fixedly arranged between the first mounting frame and the second mounting frame, the left end part of the transmission shaft extends to the left side of the first mounting frame, and a first gear is arranged on the extending end; the driving motor is fixedly arranged on the right end face of the third mounting frame, the rod piece axially slides to penetrate through the right end part of the shell of the electrostatic precipitator, the pushing piece is fixedly arranged on the extending end, and the pushing piece is supported on the top surface of the right end part of the anode plate of the electrostatic precipitator. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: greatly lightens the working intensity of workers, greatly improves the removal efficiency of dust raised in a construction area and has high automation degree.

Description

Multistage efficient dust removal device and method for civil engineering
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of removing raised dust in civil construction, in particular to a multistage efficient dust removing device and method for civil construction.
Background
On the ground of civil engineering, a great amount of dust is often raised, and the raised dust certainly affects the surrounding working environment. In order to remove the raised dust, a multi-stage dust removing device as shown in fig. 1 is installed on the ground for construction to remove the raised dust.
The multistage dust removal device comprises a machine case 1 and a dust extraction pipe 3 fixedly arranged at the top of the machine case 1, wherein a plurality of travelling mechanisms 2 for driving the machine case 1 to travel on construction ground are arranged at the bottom of the machine case 1, each travelling mechanism 2 comprises wheels arranged on the bottom wall of the machine case 1, a wheel hub motor is fixedly arranged on a frame of each wheel, and each wheel hub motor is connected with each wheel; the lower port of the dust extraction pipe 3 extends in the case 1, a branch pipe 4 penetrating through the left side wall of the case 1 is fixedly arranged on the extending end, the upper port of the dust extraction pipe 3 penetrates through the top wall of the case 1, a mounting groove communicated with the upper port of the dust extraction pipe 3 is formed in the right end face of the upper port of the dust extraction pipe 3, a filter screen 5 is placed in the mounting groove, an electrostatic precipitator 7 is connected to the upper port of the dust extraction pipe 3, the electrostatic precipitator 7 comprises a casing 28, a left check ring 29 and a right check ring 30 which are fixedly arranged in the casing 28, an anode plate 31 and a cathode plate 32 are fixedly arranged between the left check ring 29 and the right check ring 30, the anode plate 31 is arranged under the cathode plate 32, a power supply is arranged at the top of the casing 28, a connector lug of the power supply is connected with the cathode plate 32, wherein the left port of the casing 28 is connected with the upper port of the dust extraction pipe 3 through a flange, and the right port of the casing 28 is connected with an exhaust fan 8.
The method for workers to remove raised dust in a construction area by using the multi-stage dust removing device comprises the following steps:
s1, supporting wheels of a travelling mechanism 2 of the multistage dust removal device on the ground of civil engineering by workers;
s2, turning on a power supply, and electrifying the cathode plate 32 by the power supply, wherein an electric field is generated between the anode plate 31 and the cathode plate 32;
s3, controlling a hub motor of the travelling mechanism 2 to start, driving wheels to rotate by the hub motor, driving the chassis 1 to move on the ground of civil engineering by the wheels, and driving the dust extraction pipe 3 to synchronously move by the chassis 1;
s4, a worker controls an exhaust fan 8 to start, under negative pressure, external airflow enters a dust extraction pipe 3 from a branch pipe 4, then the airflow moves to a filter screen 5 along the dust extraction pipe 3, large particle dust in the airflow is intercepted by the filter screen 5, the airflow with small particle dust is led into a shell 28 of the electrostatic precipitator 7 through meshes of the filter screen 5, then the airflow is led into an electric field between an anode plate 31 and a cathode plate 32 through a central hole of a left check ring 29, the small particle dust in the airflow falls on the top surface of the anode plate 31 under the action of the electric field, and clean airflow passes through the central hole of a right check ring 30 and the exhaust fan 8 in sequence and is finally discharged to the outside, so that dust raised in a construction area is removed in the whole movement process of the device;
s5, after dust is removed for a period of time, the left end face of the filter screen 5 is covered with cake-shaped dust cakes, and the existence of the dust cakes blocks the speed of airflow passing through the filter screen 5, so that the time for removing the dust in a construction area is increased, the efficiency of removing the dust in the construction area is reduced, and meanwhile, the anode plate 31 of the electrostatic precipitator 7 is covered with a dust layer, and the anode plate 31 is disabled due to the dust layer, namely, small particle dust cannot be removed continuously;
to solve this problem, a worker periodically disassembles the flange between the casing 28 of the electrostatic precipitator 7 and the dust extraction pipe 3, and then disassembles the electrostatic precipitator 7 from the dust extraction pipe 3, and the structure of the disassembled electrostatic precipitator 7 is shown in fig. 3; when the filter screen 5 is detached, the worker removes the filter screen 5 from the installation groove of the dust extraction pipe 3, and the removal direction of the filter screen 5 is shown by an arrow in fig. 2; after removal, the worker cleans the dust cake on the filter screen 5, then the worker scrapes the dust layer on the anode plate 31, finally the worker connects the filter screen 5 to the dust extraction pipe 3 again, and then the electrostatic precipitator 7 is mounted on the dust extraction pipe 3 again, so that the whole device continues to carry out the subsequent dust removal operation.
However, although this multistage dust removal device is capable of removing dust raised in the construction area, the following technical drawbacks remain in the art:
I. in step S5, the worker is required to disassemble the flange between the electrostatic precipitator 7 and the dust extraction pipe 3 at regular time to clean the dust cake attached to the filter screen 5 and the dust layer on the anode plate 31, and after the cleaning is completed, the worker is also required to reinstall the filter screen 5 and connect the electrostatic precipitator 7 to the dust extraction pipe 3 again, which not only increases the working strength of the worker, but also increases the removal time of the subsequent dust, thereby reducing the removal efficiency of the raised dust in the construction area.
II. In step S5, the attached dust cake on the filter screen 5 needs to be cleaned manually, and after the filter screen 5 is cleaned, the dust layer on the anode plate 31 of the electrostatic precipitator 7 needs to be cleaned manually, so that the cleaning procedures are more, the subsequent dust removal time is further increased, and the dust removal efficiency in the construction area is further reduced.
Therefore, there is a need for a multi-stage efficient dust removal apparatus and method that greatly reduces the work intensity of workers and greatly improves the removal efficiency of raised dust in a construction area.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a multistage high-efficiency dust removing device and method for civil construction, which can greatly lighten the working strength of workers, greatly improve the removal efficiency of raised dust in a construction area and have high automation degree.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a multistage high-efficient dust collector for civil engineering, it includes quick-witted case, sets up a plurality of running gear in the quick-witted bottom of the case, set firmly the dust extraction pipe on the roof of machine case, the lower port of dust extraction pipe extends in the quick-witted incasement, and the welding has a plurality of branch pipes that are linked together rather than on the cylinder of extension, and every branch pipe runs through the lateral wall of quick-witted case, the last port of dust extraction pipe runs through the quick-witted roof setting, and the welding has the filter screen in the extension, set firmly the support on the roof of machine case, be provided with the electrostatic precipitator that is opposite about the last port of dust extraction pipe on the support, be connected with the air exhauster in the right port department of the casing of electrostatic precipitator, be provided with the online clearance mechanism of linkage that can clear up dust cake, anode plate on the filter screen simultaneously between electrostatic precipitator and the dust extraction pipe;
the linkage online cleaning mechanism comprises a first mounting frame, a second mounting frame, a third mounting frame and a rotary cylinder, wherein the first mounting frame, the second mounting frame and the third mounting frame are fixedly arranged on the top wall of the chassis from left to right, the rotary cylinder is rotatably arranged between a casing of the electrostatic precipitator and a dust extraction pipe, a screen plate is welded in the rotary cylinder, a fixed shaft is welded on the left end face of the screen plate, the fixed shaft penetrates through the filter screen leftwards, a rotary part is welded on an extending end, the rotary part is in contact with the left end face of the filter screen, and a driven gear is welded on the cylindrical surface of the rotary cylinder;
a single screw conveyor is fixedly arranged between the first mounting frame and the second mounting frame, a shaft neck of a single screw rod in the single screw conveyor penetrates through a conveying cylinder of the single screw conveyor leftwards and is provided with a second gear at the extending end, a transmission shaft positioned right above the single screw conveyor is rotatably arranged between the first mounting frame and the second mounting frame, the left end part of the transmission shaft extends to the left side of the first mounting frame, a first gear is arranged at the extending end, the first gear is meshed with the second gear, a driving gear is fixedly arranged on the transmission shaft, and the driving gear is meshed with a driven gear;
the driving motor has been set firmly on the right-hand member face of third mounting bracket, driving motor's output shaft runs through the third mounting bracket, and is connected with the lead screw on the extension, the other end and the right-hand member end connection of transmission shaft of lead screw, threaded connection has the nut on the lead screw, the welding has the connecting plate on the nut, the upper end of connecting plate has set firmly the member, the member runs through the right-hand member portion of electrostatic precipitator's casing along the axial slip, and has set firmly the push blade on the extension, the push blade supports on electrostatic precipitator's anode plate right-hand member portion's top surface.
The end face of the upper port of the dust extraction pipe is provided with a mounting groove, and the filter screen is welded in the mounting groove.
The travelling mechanism comprises wheels arranged on the bottom wall of the chassis, and a wheel hub motor is fixedly arranged on a frame of the wheels and connected with the wheels.
The right end of the rotary drum rotates in the left port of the electrostatic precipitator casing through the bearing, and the left port of the rotary drum is sleeved outside the dust extraction pipe.
The electrostatic precipitator includes the casing, sets firmly left retaining ring and right retaining ring in the casing, has set firmly anode plate and negative plate between left retaining ring and the right retaining ring, and the anode plate sets up under the negative plate, and the top of casing is provided with the power, and the connector lug and the negative plate of power are connected, the power is still connected with in-wheel motor, driving motor, air exhauster, and the power provides the electric current for in-wheel motor, driving motor and air exhauster.
The single screw conveyer comprises a conveying cylinder welded between the first installation frame and the second installation frame, a single screw rod is rotatably installed between the left closed end and the right closed end of the conveying cylinder, a dust exhaust pipe extending into the chassis is welded on the bottom surface of the right end of the conveying cylinder, and a cloth bag is bundled on the dust exhaust pipe.
The bottom surface of the upper port of the dust extraction pipe is welded with a first recovery pipe, the upper port of the first recovery pipe is communicated with the dust extraction pipe and is positioned on the left side of the filter screen, and the lower port of the first recovery pipe is communicated with the conveying cylinder of the single-screw conveyor.
The bottom surface of the shell is welded with a second recovery pipe, the upper port of the second recovery pipe is communicated with the shell and is positioned at the left side of the left check ring, and the lower port of the second recovery pipe is communicated with the conveying cylinder of the single-screw conveyer.
The device also comprises a controller, wherein the controller is electrically connected with the hub motor, the driving motor and the exhaust fan through signal wires.
A multistage high-efficiency dust removal method for civil construction comprises the following steps:
s1, supporting wheels of a travelling mechanism of the multistage dust removal device on the ground of civil engineering by workers;
s2, turning on a power supply, and enabling the power supply to electrify the cathode plate, wherein an electric field is generated between the anode plate and the cathode plate;
s3, controlling a hub motor of the travelling mechanism to start, wherein the hub motor drives wheels to rotate, the wheels drive a chassis to move on the ground of civil engineering, and the chassis drives a dust extraction pipe, an electrostatic precipitator and an exhaust fan to synchronously move;
s4, a worker controls the exhaust fan to start, under negative pressure, external air flow enters the dust extraction pipe from the branch pipe, then the air flow moves to the filter screen along the dust extraction pipe, large particle dust in the air flow is intercepted by the filter screen, the air flow with small particle dust passes through meshes of the filter screen and enters the rotary cylinder, then the air flow with small particle dust sequentially passes through the rotary cylinder and through holes in the screen plate, and finally enters the shell of the electrostatic precipitator; then the air flow passes through the center hole of the left check ring and enters an electric field between the anode plate and the cathode plate, small particle dust carried in the air flow falls on the top surface of the anode plate under the action of the electric field, and clean air flow sequentially passes through the center hole of the right check ring and the exhaust fan and finally is discharged to the outside, so that the dust raised in a construction area is removed in the whole movement process of the device;
s5, after dust is removed for a period of time, a cake-shaped dust cake is covered on the left end face of the filter screen, and meanwhile, a dust layer is covered on an anode plate of the electrostatic precipitator, and the specific operation steps of cleaning the dust cake on the filter screen and the dust layer on the anode plate on line are as follows:
s51, controlling a driving motor to start through a controller, enabling the driving motor to drive a screw rod to rotate, enabling the screw rod to drive a transmission shaft to rotate, enabling the transmission shaft to drive a driving gear and a first gear to synchronously rotate, enabling the first gear to drive a second gear to rotate, enabling the second gear to drive a single screw rod in a single screw conveyor to rotate, enabling the driving gear to drive a driven gear to rotate, enabling a rotary drum to rotate around the axis of a shell, enabling a rotary drum to drive a screen plate to synchronously rotate, enabling the screen plate to drive a fixed shaft to drive a rotating part to synchronously rotate, enabling the rotating part to rotate against the left end face of a filter screen, enabling the rotating part to scrape off dust cakes attached to the left end face of the filter screen in the rotating process, enabling the scraped dust cakes to sequentially pass through an upper port of a first recovery pipe, a lower port of the first recovery pipe and a lower port of the first recovery pipe, enabling the rotating single screw rod to convey the dust cakes from left to right, enabling the dust cakes to be discharged through a dust discharging pipe, enabling the discharged dust cakes to enter a cloth bag to be collected, and enabling the dust cakes attached to the left end face of the filter screen to be cleaned online;
meanwhile, the rotating screw rod drives the nut to do rectilinear motion to the left, the nut drives the connecting plate to do rectilinear motion to the left, the connecting plate drives the rod piece to do rectilinear motion to the left, the push piece moves to the left against the anode plate and pushes the dust layer attached to the anode plate to the left, the push piece pushes the dust layer to the left, the shoveled dust layer sequentially passes through the upper port of the second recovery pipe, the second recovery pipe and the lower port of the second recovery pipe, and finally enters the conveying cylinder of the single-screw conveyer, the rotating single-screw rod conveys the dust layer from the left to the right, and finally the dust layer is discharged through the dust discharging pipe, and the discharged dust layer enters the cloth bag to be collected, so that the dust layer attached to the anode plate is cleaned on line;
and S52, when the driving motor runs for a set time, the controller controls the driving motor to rotate reversely, so that the rotating piece and the pushing piece are reset to prepare for cleaning the filter screen and the anode plate next time, and at the moment, the whole device continues to carry out subsequent dust removal operation.
The invention has the following advantages: the invention greatly reduces the working intensity of workers, greatly improves the removal efficiency of raised dust in a construction area and has high automation degree.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-stage dust collector used in a civil construction;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an electrostatic precipitator after being detached from a dust extraction pipe;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the structure of an electrostatic precipitator shown removed;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the main section of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view in section A-A of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the dust extraction pipe to the first recovery pipe;
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of the connection of an electrostatic precipitator to a second recovery conduit;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a linkage on-line cleaning mechanism;
FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of the connection of the rotating drum and the rotating member of FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view in the direction B of FIG. 10;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the main section of FIG. 10;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the structure of the rotary member;
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the lever and the push plate;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the main section of FIG. 14;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the present invention for on-line cleaning of dust cake and dust layer;
in the figure:
1-chassis, 2-travelling mechanism, 3-dust extraction pipe, 4-branch pipe, 5-filter screen, 6-bracket, 7-electrostatic precipitator and 8-exhaust fan;
9-first mounting frame, 10-second mounting frame, 11-third mounting frame, 12-rotary drum, 13-screen, 14-fixed shaft, 15-rotary piece, 16-driven gear, 17-single screw conveyor, 18-second gear, 19-transmission shaft, 20-first gear, 21-driving gear, 22-driving motor, 23-screw rod, 24-nut, 25-connecting plate, 26-rod piece, 27-pushing piece;
28-a shell, 29-a left check ring, 30-a right check ring, 31-an anode plate, 32-a cathode plate, 33-a conveying cylinder, 34-a single screw rod, 35-a dust discharging pipe, 36-a cloth bag, 37-a first recovery pipe and 38-a second recovery pipe.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, the scope of the invention not being limited to the following:
as shown in fig. 4-15, a multistage high-efficiency dust collector for civil engineering comprises a case 1 and a plurality of running mechanisms 2 arranged at the bottom of the case 1, wherein each running mechanism 2 comprises wheels arranged on the bottom wall of the case 1, a wheel hub motor is fixedly arranged on a frame of each wheel, the wheel hub motor is connected with each wheel, a dust suction pipe 3 is fixedly arranged on the top wall of the case 1, a lower port of each dust suction pipe 3 extends in the case 1, a plurality of branch pipes 4 communicated with the dust suction pipes are welded on a cylindrical surface of each extending end, each branch pipe 4 penetrates through the side wall of the case 1, an upper port of each dust suction pipe 3 penetrates through the top wall of the case 1, a filter screen 5 is welded in the extending end, a mounting groove is formed in the end face of the upper port of each dust suction pipe 3, the filter screen 5 is welded in the mounting groove, a bracket 6 is fixedly arranged on the top wall of the case 1, an electrostatic dust collector 7 opposite to the left and right ports of the dust suction pipe 3, an exhaust fan 8 is connected to the right port of a casing 28 of the electrostatic dust collector 7, and a linkage mechanism capable of cleaning dust cake 31 is arranged between the electrostatic dust suction pipe 7 and the dust suction pipe 3 and the dust collector 3.
The linkage online cleaning mechanism comprises a first mounting frame 9, a second mounting frame 10, a third mounting frame 11 and a rotary drum 12 rotatably mounted between a shell 28 of an electrostatic precipitator 7 and a dust extraction pipe 3, which are fixedly arranged on the top wall of a chassis 1 from left to right, the right end part of the rotary drum 12 rotates in a left port of the shell 28 of the electrostatic precipitator 7 through a bearing, the left port of the rotary drum 12 is sleeved outside the dust extraction pipe 3, a screen 13 is welded in the rotary drum 12, a fixed shaft 14 is welded on the left end surface of the screen 13, the fixed shaft 14 penetrates through a filter screen 5 leftwards, a rotary part 15 is welded on an extending end, the rotary part 15 is in contact with the left end surface of the filter screen 5, and a driven gear 16 is welded on the cylindrical surface of the rotary drum 12.
A single screw conveyor 17 is fixedly arranged between the first mounting frame 9 and the second mounting frame 10, a journal of a single screw rod 34 in the single screw conveyor 17 penetrates through a conveying cylinder 33 of the single screw conveyor 17 leftwards and is provided with a second gear 18 at the extending end, a transmission shaft 19 positioned right above the single screw conveyor 17 is rotatably arranged between the first mounting frame 9 and the second mounting frame 10, the left end part of the transmission shaft 19 extends to the left side of the first mounting frame 9, a first gear 20 is arranged at the extending end, the first gear 20 is meshed with the second gear 18, a driving gear 21 is fixedly arranged on the transmission shaft 19, and the driving gear 21 is meshed with a driven gear 16;
the driving motor 22 has been set firmly on the right-hand member face of third mounting bracket 11, driving motor 22's output shaft runs through third mounting bracket 11, and be connected with lead screw 23 on the extension, lead screw 23's the other end and transmission shaft 19's right-hand member end connection, threaded connection has nut 24 on the lead screw 23, the welding has connecting plate 25 on the nut 24, the member 26 has been set firmly to the upper end of connecting plate 25, member 26 runs through the right-hand member portion of the casing 28 of electrostatic precipitator 7 along the axial slip, and the extension is last to have set firmly push plate 27, push plate 27 supports on the top surface of the anode plate 31 right-hand member portion of electrostatic precipitator 7.
The electrostatic precipitator 7 includes casing 28, sets firmly left retaining ring 29 and right retaining ring 30 in the casing 28, has set firmly anode plate 31 and negative plate 32 between left retaining ring 29 and the right retaining ring 30, and anode plate 31 sets up under negative plate 32, and the top of casing 28 is provided with the power, and the connector lug of power is connected with negative plate 32, the power still is connected with in-wheel motor, driving motor 22, air exhauster 8, and the power provides the electric current for in-wheel motor, driving motor 22 and air exhauster 8.
The single screw conveyor 17 comprises a conveying cylinder 33 welded between the first mounting frame 9 and the second mounting frame 10, a single screw rod 34 is rotatably arranged between the left and right closed ends of the conveying cylinder 33, a dust exhaust pipe 35 extending into the chassis 1 is welded on the bottom surface of the right end part of the conveying cylinder 33, and a cloth bag 36 is bundled on the dust exhaust pipe 35.
The bottom surface of the upper port of the dust extraction pipe 3 is welded with a first recovery pipe 37, the upper port of the first recovery pipe 37 is communicated with the dust extraction pipe 3 and is positioned at the left side of the filter screen 5, and the lower port of the first recovery pipe 37 is communicated with the conveying cylinder 33 of the single-screw conveyer 17. A second recovery pipe 38 is welded on the bottom surface of the casing 28, an upper port of the second recovery pipe 38 is communicated with the casing 28 and is positioned on the left side of the left check ring 29, and a lower port of the second recovery pipe 38 is communicated with the conveying cylinder 33 of the single screw conveyor 17.
The device also comprises a controller, wherein the controller is electrically connected with the hub motor, the driving motor 22 and the exhaust fan 8 through signal wires, and the controller can control the hub motor, the driving motor 22 and the exhaust fan 8 to be started or closed, so that the operation of workers is facilitated, and the device has the characteristic of high automation degree.
A multistage high-efficiency dust removal method for civil construction comprises the following steps:
s1, supporting wheels of a travelling mechanism 2 of the multistage dust removal device on the ground of civil engineering by workers;
s2, turning on a power supply, and electrifying the cathode plate 32 by the power supply, wherein an electric field is generated between the anode plate 31 and the cathode plate 32;
s3, controlling a hub motor of the travelling mechanism 2 to start, wherein the hub motor drives wheels to rotate, the wheels drive the chassis 1 to move on the ground of civil engineering, and the chassis 1 drives the dust extraction pipe 3, the electrostatic precipitator 7 and the exhaust fan 8 to synchronously move;
s4, a worker controls an exhaust fan 8 to start, under negative pressure, external air flow enters the dust extraction pipe 3 from the branch pipe 4, then the air flow moves to the filter screen 5 along the dust extraction pipe 3, large particle dust in the air flow is intercepted by the filter screen 5, the air flow with small particle dust is carried into the rotary cylinder 12 through meshes of the filter screen 5, then the air flow with small particle dust is sequentially carried through the rotary cylinder 12 and through holes on the screen 13, and finally the air flow with small particle dust enters the shell 28 of the electrostatic precipitator 7; the air flow then passes through the center hole of the left retainer ring 29 and enters an electric field between the anode plate 31 and the cathode plate 32, small particle dust entrained in the air flow falls on the top surface of the anode plate 31 under the action of the electric field, and clean air flow sequentially passes through the center hole of the right retainer ring 30 and the exhaust fan 8 and finally is discharged to the outside, so that dust raised in a construction area is removed in the whole device movement process, and the flowing direction of the air flow is shown by a hollow arrow in fig. 16;
s5, after dust is removed for a period of time, a cake-shaped dust cake is covered on the left end face of the filter screen 5, and meanwhile, a dust layer is covered on the anode plate 31 of the electrostatic precipitator 7, and the specific operation steps of cleaning the dust cake on the filter screen 5 and the dust layer on the anode plate 31 on line are as follows:
s51, the driving motor 22 is controlled by the controller to start, the driving motor 22 drives the screw rod 23 to rotate, the screw rod 23 drives the transmission shaft 19 to rotate, the transmission shaft 19 drives the driving gear 21 and the first gear 20 to synchronously rotate, the first gear 20 drives the second gear 18 to rotate, the second gear 18 drives the single screw rod 34 in the single screw conveyor 17 to rotate, simultaneously, the driving gear 21 drives the driven gear 16 to rotate, the driven gear 16 drives the rotary drum 12 to rotate around the axis of the shell 28, the rotary drum 12 drives the screen 13 to synchronously rotate, the screen 13 drives the fixed shaft 14 to rotate, the fixed shaft 14 drives the rotating member 15 to synchronously rotate, the rotating member 15 is attached to the left end face of the filter screen 5 to rotate, the rotating direction of the rotating member 15 is shown by a solid rotating arrow in FIG. 16, in the rotating process, the rotating member 15 scrapes dust cakes attached to the left end face of the filter screen 5, the scraped dust cakes sequentially pass through the upper port of the first recovery pipe 37, the lower port of the first recovery pipe 37 and finally enter the conveying drum 33 of the single screw conveyor 17, the rotating single screw rod 34 conveys the dust cakes from left to right to the end face of the filter screen 5 to the filter screen to be discharged, and the dust cakes are discharged from the end face of the filter screen 35 to the filter screen to be discharged;
simultaneously, the rotating screw rod 23 drives the nut 24 to do rectilinear motion leftwards, the nut 24 drives the connecting plate 25 to do rectilinear motion leftwards, the connecting plate 25 drives the rod piece 26 to do rectilinear motion leftwards, the rod piece 26 drives the push piece 27 to do rectilinear motion leftwards, the push piece 27 is attached to the anode plate 31 to move leftwards, the movement direction of the push piece 27 is shown by double solid arrows in fig. 16, the dust layer attached to the anode plate 31 is pushed leftwards, the pushed piece 27 shovels the dust layer leftwards, the shoveled dust layer sequentially passes through the upper port of the second recovery pipe 38, the second recovery pipe 38 and the lower port of the second recovery pipe 38, finally enters into the conveying cylinder 33 of the single-screw conveyer 17, the rotating single-screw rod 34 conveys the dust layer leftwards and rightwards, finally the dust layer is discharged through the dust discharging pipe 35, and the discharged dust layer enters into the cloth bag 36 to be collected, so that the dust layer attached to the anode plate 31 is cleaned on line;
and S52, when the driving motor 22 runs for a set time, the controller controls the driving motor 22 to rotate reversely, so that the rotating piece 15 and the pushing piece 27 are reset to prepare for cleaning the filter screen 5 and the anode plate 31 next time, and the whole device continues to carry out the subsequent dust removal operation.
Step S5 shows that the worker only needs to control the driving motor 22 to start, so that the screw rod 23 and the transmission shaft 19 can be driven to rotate simultaneously, the rotating transmission shaft 19 drives the driving gear 21 to rotate, the driving gear 21 drives the rotary drum 12 to rotate, the rotating member 15 is further driven to rotate synchronously, and the rotating member 15 can clean dust cakes attached to the filter screen 5 on line; simultaneously, the screw rod 23 rotates to drive the nut 24 to linearly move leftwards, and the nut 24 drives the push piece 27 to linearly move leftwards through the rod piece 26, so that dust layers attached to the anode plates 31 are cleaned off on line.
Therefore, compared with the multi-stage dust removing device shown in fig. 1-3, the multi-stage dust removing device has the advantages that dust cakes on the filter screen 5 and dust layers on the anode plates 31 are cleaned on line, the electrostatic dust remover 7 is not required to be detached from the dust suction pipe 3 manually, the filter screen 5 and the anode plates 31 are cleaned manually, the working intensity of workers is greatly relieved, the time for removing follow-up dust is shortened, and the dust removing efficiency in a construction area is greatly improved. In addition, compared with the multistage dust collector shown in fig. 1-3, the multistage dust collector does not need to clean the dust layer on the anode plate 31 after the filter screen 5 is cleaned by workers, but can clean the dust layer simultaneously in one-time linkage, so that the cleaning procedure is saved, the subsequent dust removing time is further shortened, and the dust removing efficiency in a construction area is greatly improved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a multistage high-efficient dust collector is used in civil engineering, it includes quick-witted case (1), sets up in a plurality of running gear (2) of quick-witted case (1) bottom, set firmly on the roof of quick-witted case (1) and take out dirt pipe (3), the lower port of taking out dirt pipe (3) extends in quick-witted case (1), and the welding has a plurality of branch pipes (4) rather than being linked together on the cylinder of extension end, and the lateral wall of quick-witted case (1) is all run through to every branch pipe (4), its characterized in that:
the upper port of the dust suction pipe (3) penetrates through the top wall of the case (1), a filter screen (5) is welded in the extending end, a support (6) is fixedly arranged on the top wall of the case (1), an electrostatic dust collector (7) opposite to the upper port of the dust suction pipe (3) in left-right direction is arranged on the support (6), an exhaust fan (8) is connected to the right port of a casing (28) of the electrostatic dust collector (7), and a linkage online cleaning mechanism capable of simultaneously cleaning dust cakes attached to the filter screen (5) and dust layers on the anode plate (31) is arranged between the electrostatic dust collector (7) and the dust suction pipe (3);
the linkage online cleaning mechanism comprises a first mounting frame (9), a second mounting frame (10), a third mounting frame (11) and a rotary cylinder (12) rotatably arranged between a shell (28) of an electrostatic precipitator (7) and a dust extraction pipe (3), wherein a screen plate (13) is welded in the rotary cylinder (12), a fixed shaft (14) is welded on the left end face of the screen plate (13), the fixed shaft (14) penetrates through a filter screen (5) leftwards, a rotary part (15) is welded on the extending end, the rotary part (15) is contacted with the left end face of the filter screen (5), and a driven gear (16) is welded on the cylindrical surface of the rotary cylinder (12);
a single screw conveyor (17) is fixedly arranged between the first mounting frame (9) and the second mounting frame (10), a shaft neck of a single screw rod (34) in the single screw conveyor (17) penetrates through a conveying cylinder (33) of the single screw conveyor (17) leftwards and is provided with a second gear (18) at the extending end, a transmission shaft (19) positioned right above the single screw conveyor (17) is rotatably arranged between the first mounting frame (9) and the second mounting frame (10), the left end part of the transmission shaft (19) extends to the left side of the first mounting frame (9), a first gear (20) is arranged at the extending end, the first gear (20) is meshed with the second gear (18), a driving gear (21) is fixedly arranged on the transmission shaft (19), and the driving gear (21) is meshed with a driven gear (16);
the utility model discloses a motor-driven electric power generation device, including third mounting bracket (11), driving motor (22) has been set firmly on the right-hand member face of third mounting bracket (11), the output shaft of driving motor (22) runs through third mounting bracket (11), and be connected with lead screw (23) on the extension, the other end and the right-hand member end connection of transmission shaft (19) of lead screw (23), threaded connection has nut (24) on lead screw (23), the welding has connecting plate (25) on nut (24), rod piece (26) have been set firmly to the upper end of connecting plate (25), the right-hand member portion of casing (28) that rod piece (26) run through electrostatic precipitator (7) along the axial slip, and set firmly push away piece (27) on the extension, push piece (27) support on the top surface of anode plate (31) right-hand member of electrostatic precipitator (7).
2. The multistage high-efficiency dust removal device for civil engineering according to claim 1, wherein: the end face of the upper port of the dust extraction pipe (3) is provided with a mounting groove, and the filter screen (5) is welded in the mounting groove.
3. The multistage high-efficiency dust removal device for civil engineering according to claim 2, wherein: the travelling mechanism (2) comprises wheels arranged on the bottom wall of the chassis (1), and a wheel hub motor is fixedly arranged on a frame of the wheels and connected with the wheels.
4. The multistage high-efficiency dust removal device for civil engineering according to claim 3, wherein: the right end part of the rotary drum (12) rotates in the left port of the casing (28) of the electrostatic precipitator (7) through a bearing, and the left port of the rotary drum (12) is sleeved outside the dust extraction pipe (3).
5. The multistage high-efficiency dust removal device for civil engineering according to claim 4, wherein: the electrostatic dust collector (7) comprises a shell (28), a left check ring (29) and a right check ring (30) which are fixedly arranged in the shell (28), an anode plate (31) and a cathode plate (32) are fixedly arranged between the left check ring (29) and the right check ring (30), the anode plate (31) is arranged under the cathode plate (32), a power supply is arranged at the top of the shell (28), a connector lug of the power supply is connected with the cathode plate (32), and the power supply is also connected with a hub motor, a driving motor (22) and an exhaust fan (8) and supplies current for the hub motor, the driving motor (22) and the exhaust fan (8).
6. The multistage high-efficiency dust removal device for civil engineering according to claim 5, wherein: the single screw conveyor (17) comprises a conveying cylinder (33) welded between a first mounting frame (9) and a second mounting frame (10), a single screw rod (34) is rotatably arranged between the left closed end and the right closed end of the conveying cylinder (33), a dust exhaust pipe (35) extending into the machine case (1) is welded on the bottom surface of the right end of the conveying cylinder (33), and a cloth bag (36) is bundled on the dust exhaust pipe (35).
7. The multistage high-efficiency dust removal device for civil engineering according to claim 6, wherein: the bottom surface of the upper port of the dust extraction pipe (3) is welded with a first recovery pipe (37), the upper port of the first recovery pipe (37) is communicated with the dust extraction pipe (3) and is positioned on the left side of the filter screen (5), and the lower port of the first recovery pipe (37) is communicated with a conveying cylinder (33) of the single-screw conveyor (17).
8. The multistage high-efficiency dust removal device for civil engineering according to claim 7, wherein: a second recovery pipe (38) is welded on the bottom surface of the shell (28), the upper port of the second recovery pipe (38) is communicated with the shell (28) and is positioned on the left side of the left check ring (29), and the lower port of the second recovery pipe (38) is communicated with a conveying cylinder (33) of the single-screw conveyor (17).
9. The multistage high-efficiency dust removal device for civil engineering according to claim 8, wherein: the device also comprises a controller, wherein the controller is electrically connected with the hub motor, the driving motor (22) and the exhaust fan (8) through signal wires.
10. The method for multistage efficient dust removal for civil engineering, which adopts the multistage efficient dust removal device for civil engineering according to claim 9, is characterized in that: it comprises the following steps:
s1, supporting wheels of a travelling mechanism (2) of the multistage dust removal device on the ground of civil engineering by workers;
s2, turning on a power supply, and electrifying the cathode plate (32) by the power supply, wherein an electric field is generated between the anode plate (31) and the cathode plate (32);
s3, controlling a hub motor of the travelling mechanism (2) to start, wherein the hub motor drives wheels to rotate, the wheels drive a chassis (1) to move on the ground of civil engineering, and the chassis (1) drives a dust extraction pipe (3), an electrostatic precipitator (7) and an exhaust fan (8) to synchronously move;
s4, a worker controls an exhaust fan (8) to start, under negative pressure, external air flow enters a dust extraction pipe (3) from a branch pipe (4), then the air flow moves to a filter screen (5) along the dust extraction pipe (3), large particle dust in the air flow is intercepted by the filter screen (5), the air flow with small particle dust is carried into a rotary cylinder (12) through meshes of the filter screen (5), then the air flow with small particle dust is sequentially carried through holes on the rotary cylinder (12) and a screen (13), and finally enters a shell (28) of an electrostatic dust collector (7); then the air flow passes through the center hole of the left check ring (29) and enters an electric field between the anode plate (31) and the cathode plate (32), small particle dust carried in the air flow falls on the top surface of the anode plate (31) under the action of the electric field, and clean air flow sequentially passes through the center hole of the right check ring (30) and the exhaust fan (8) and finally is discharged to the outside, so that the dust raised in a construction area is removed in the whole movement process of the device;
s5, after dust removal for a period of time, a cake-shaped dust cake is covered on the left end face of the filter screen (5), and meanwhile, a dust layer is covered on an anode plate (31) of the electrostatic precipitator (7), and the specific operation steps of cleaning the dust cake on the filter screen (5) and the dust layer on the anode plate (31) on line are as follows:
s51, the driving motor (22) is controlled by the controller to start, the driving motor (22) drives the screw rod (23) to rotate, the screw rod (23) drives the transmission shaft (19) to rotate, the transmission shaft (19) drives the driving gear (21) and the first gear (20) to synchronously rotate, the first gear (20) drives the second gear (18) to rotate, the second gear (18) drives a single screw rod (34) in the single screw conveyor (17) to rotate, meanwhile, the driving gear (21) drives the driven gear (16) to rotate, the driven gear (16) drives the rotary drum (12) to rotate around the axis of the shell (28), the rotary drum (12) drives the screen plate (13) to synchronously rotate, the screen plate (13) drives the fixed shaft (14) to synchronously rotate, the fixed shaft (14) drives the rotary part (15) to synchronously rotate, the rotary part (15) is attached to the left end face of the filter screen (5), the scraped dust cake on the left end face of the filter screen (5) is scraped in the rotation process, the scraped dust cake passes through an upper port of the first pipe (37) and a lower port of the first screw conveyor (37), the scraped dust cake sequentially enters the single screw conveyor (37) and finally the single screw conveyor (35) to be discharged from the first pipe (37) to the dust recovery pipe (35), the discharged dust cake enters a cloth bag (36) for collection, so that the dust cake attached to the left end face of the filter screen (5) is cleaned off on line;
simultaneously, the rotating screw rod (23) also drives the nut (24) to move linearly leftwards, the nut (24) drives the connecting plate (25) to move leftwards, the connecting plate (25) drives the rod piece (26) to move leftwards, the rod piece (26) drives the push piece (27) to move linearly leftwards, the push piece (27) is attached to the anode plate (31) to push the dust layer left, the push piece (27) pushes the dust layer leftwards to a left shovel, the shoveled dust layer sequentially passes through the upper port of the second recovery pipe (38), the lower port of the second recovery pipe (38) and finally enters the conveying cylinder (33) of the single screw conveyer (17), the rotating single screw rod (34) conveys the dust layer leftwards and rightwards, and finally the dust layer is discharged through the dust discharge pipe (35), and the discharged dust layer enters the cloth bag (36) to be collected, so that the dust layer attached to the anode plate (31) is cleaned on line;
s52, when the driving motor (22) runs for a set time, the controller controls the driving motor (22) to rotate reversely, so that the rotating piece (15) and the pushing piece (27) are reset to prepare for cleaning the filter screen (5) and the anode plate (31) next time, and at the moment, the whole device continues to carry out subsequent dust removal operation.
CN202311259828.4A 2023-09-27 2023-09-27 Multistage efficient dust removal device and method for civil engineering Active CN117138959B (en)

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