CN117129310B - Metal material hardness testing device and testing method thereof - Google Patents
Metal material hardness testing device and testing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117129310B CN117129310B CN202311144452.2A CN202311144452A CN117129310B CN 117129310 B CN117129310 B CN 117129310B CN 202311144452 A CN202311144452 A CN 202311144452A CN 117129310 B CN117129310 B CN 117129310B
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- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 135
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000007542 hardness measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/40—Investigating hardness or rebound hardness
- G01N3/42—Investigating hardness or rebound hardness by performing impressions under a steady load by indentors, e.g. sphere, pyramid
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a metal material hardness testing device and a testing method thereof, wherein the testing device comprises a supporting seat, one side of the supporting seat is provided with a connecting seat, the top end of the connecting seat is provided with a second driving motor, the output end of the second driving motor is connected with a first unidirectional threaded screw rod, and a positioning auxiliary device; an adaptive clamping mechanism; and (5) assisting in fastening. According to the utility model, the positioning auxiliary device is arranged, the output end of the third driving motor drives the second unidirectional threaded screw rod to rotate, so that the second sliding block is driven to drive the fixed ring to transversely move, so as to drive the hardness tester to transversely move, and the output end of the fourth driving motor drives the rotary rod to rotate, so that the hardness tester is driven to carry out circumference hardness test on an irregular metal material, thereby realizing multidirectional hardness test on the irregular metal material, and further improving the accuracy of hardness test on the irregular metal material.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of metal material hardness testing devices, in particular to a metal material hardness testing device and a metal material hardness testing method.
Background
The metal hardness detection is a test method for evaluating the mechanical properties of metal most rapidly, most economically and most simply, and the main purpose of the hardness detection is to determine the applicability of a material or the effect of special hardening or softening treatment of the material for use, wherein a professional instrument is needed to squeeze the metal surface to generate an indentation on the surface during the test, and then the hardness value is calculated according to a formula.
According to the publication number CN219065172U disclosed by the Chinese patent net, the hardness testing device for metal material detection comprises a bottom plate, wherein the bottom plate further comprises a support frame, the support frame is fixed on the side wall of the top end of the bottom plate, the side wall of the top end of the support frame is provided with a metal material body, two symmetrically distributed support plates are fixed on the side wall of the top end of the support frame, and the side walls of the adjacent side of the two support plates are connected with a mounting plate in a sliding manner; according to the utility model, the limiting rod is driven to release the limit on the mounting plate by pulling the pull ring, so that the height of the hardness tester can be adjusted more conveniently and conveniently by a worker, the detection work efficiency of the metal material body can be improved to a certain extent, and the detection work of the metal material body with different heights can be applicable due to the adjustment of the height difference between the hardness tester and the object to be detected, so that the detection work of the metal material body with different heights is wide in application range.
Although the above patent can clamp metallic materials of different specifications, the above patent still has the following problems;
(1) The metal material is clamped only by the action force of the elastic force, and the hardness tester presses the convex part of the irregular metal material in the extrusion process of the irregular metal material, so that the metal material is easily deviated due to uneven stress, and the accuracy of hardness test of the metal material is affected;
(2) In the above patent, only one part of the metal material is installed by the hardness tester, and the metal material cannot be pressed in multiple directions, so that the accuracy of the hardness test of the metal material is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at: in order to solve the problems that the metal material is easy to deviate in the pressing process and cannot be pressed in a plurality of ranges, and therefore the accuracy of the hardness test of the metal material is reduced, the device and the method for testing the hardness of the metal material are provided.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present utility model provides the following technical solutions: the utility model provides a metal material hardness testing device, includes the supporting seat, one side of supporting seat is provided with the connecting seat, the second driving motor is installed on the top of connecting seat, the output of second driving motor is connected with first unidirectional screw lead screw, just the one end of first unidirectional screw lead screw runs through to the inboard of connecting seat and with the connecting seat rotates to be connected, the outer wall of connecting seat has cup jointed first slider, one side of first slider is provided with the pneumatic cylinder, the output of pneumatic cylinder is connected with hardness tester, the one end of first slider is provided with the alignment assistor who adjusts the pneumatic cylinder position; the top end of the supporting seat is provided with a self-adaptive clamping mechanism for fixing workpieces with different sizes; an auxiliary fastener for pressing the irregular workpiece is arranged on the inner side of the first sliding block.
As still further aspects of the utility model: the positioning auxiliary comprises an auxiliary frame fixedly connected with one end of the first sliding block, a third driving motor is arranged at one end of the auxiliary frame, a second unidirectional threaded screw rod is connected to the output end of the third driving motor, one end of the second unidirectional threaded screw rod penetrates through the inside of the auxiliary frame and is rotationally connected with the auxiliary frame, a second sliding block is sleeved on the outer wall of the second unidirectional threaded screw rod, an L-shaped connecting frame is fixedly connected to the top end of the second sliding block, a fourth driving motor and a locating frame are fixedly arranged on the inner side of the L-shaped connecting frame respectively, a rotary rod is connected to the output end of the fourth driving motor, a bearing is arranged on the inner side of the locating frame, an inner ring of the bearing is fixedly connected with the rotary rod, a U-shaped frame is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotary rod, and the inner side of the U-shaped frame is fixedly connected with the hydraulic cylinder.
As still further aspects of the utility model: the inner side of the second sliding block is provided with a thread groove matched with the second unidirectional thread screw rod, and the inner side of the auxiliary frame is provided with a first limit sliding groove matched with the second sliding block.
As still further aspects of the utility model: the auxiliary fastening piece comprises a fixed ring fixedly connected with the bottom end of the second sliding block, a rotating disc is connected to the inner side of the fixed ring in a rotating mode, the rotating disc is fixedly connected with the U-shaped frame, a plurality of compression blocks are connected to the inner side of the rotating disc in a sliding mode, the compression blocks are distributed around the rotating disc at equal intervals, the top end of each compression block penetrates through the first auxiliary ring fixedly connected with the upper portion of the rotating disc, a second connecting spring is connected to the inner side of the first auxiliary ring, one end of the second connecting spring is fixedly connected with the rotating disc, and a locker is arranged on the top end of the first auxiliary ring.
As still further aspects of the utility model: the locking device comprises a vertical plate fixedly connected to the bottom end of the positioning frame, power rods are slidably connected to the inner side of the vertical plate, four vertical plates are arranged, the vertical plates encircle the rotating rods and are equidistantly distributed in the vertical plate, the power rods are slidably connected to the inner side of the vertical plate, one end of each power rod penetrates through the inner side of the vertical plate and is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped fastening block, a rotating rod is fixedly connected to the inner side of each arc-shaped fastening block, and one end of each rotating rod is fixedly connected with the vertical plate.
As still further aspects of the utility model: the locking device further comprises a power disc arranged at the top end of the first auxiliary ring, a sliding rod is fixedly connected to the top end of the power disc, one end of the sliding rod penetrates through the second auxiliary ring fixedly connected with the upper portion of the U-shaped frame, a third connecting spring is fixedly connected to the inner side of the second auxiliary ring, one end of the third connecting spring is fixedly connected with the U-shaped frame, a pulling ring is fixedly connected to one end of the second auxiliary ring, a bending plate is fixedly connected to the inner side of the pulling ring, a second guide wheel is rotatably connected to one end of the power rod, and the second guide wheel is attached to the bending plate.
As still further aspects of the utility model: the self-adaptive clamping mechanism comprises a first driving motor arranged at one end of the supporting seat, the output end of the first driving motor is connected with a bidirectional screw rod, a T-shaped sliding plate is sleeved on the outer wall of the bidirectional screw rod, one side of the T-shaped sliding plate is provided with a clamping plate, the inner side of the clamping plate is fixedly connected with a rectangular guide rod, one end of the rectangular guide rod penetrates through to the outer part of the T-shaped sliding plate, the inner side of the clamping plate is positioned at the outer side of the rectangular guide rod and is fixedly connected with a first connecting spring, and one end of the first connecting spring is fixedly connected with the T-shaped sliding plate.
As still further aspects of the utility model: the self-adaptive clamping mechanism further comprises two L-shaped brackets fixedly connected to one side of the T-shaped sliding plate, a trapezoid block is connected to the inner side of the L-shaped brackets in a sliding mode, a first circular ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the trapezoid block, an auxiliary spring is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first circular ring, one end of the auxiliary spring is fixedly connected with the L-shaped brackets, T-shaped fastening blocks are connected to the inner sides of the L-shaped brackets in a sliding mode, one ends of the T-shaped fastening blocks penetrate through the inner sides of the L-shaped brackets, one ends of the T-shaped fastening blocks are rotatably connected with first guide wheels, the first guide wheels are attached to inclined surfaces of one ends of the trapezoid blocks, a second circular ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the T-shaped fastening blocks, a compression spring is fixedly connected to one end of the second circular ring, and one end of the L-shaped brackets is fixedly connected with a pressing plate fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixing rings.
As still further aspects of the utility model: the outer wall of the bidirectional screw rod is provided with a positive thread and a negative thread, the T-shaped sliding plates are two, the T-shaped sliding plates are respectively sleeved on the outer walls of the positive thread and the negative thread of the bidirectional screw rod, and the inner side of the supporting seat is provided with a second limiting chute matched with the T-shaped sliding plates.
The utility model also discloses a metal material hardness testing method, which adopts the metal material hardness testing device and comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, placing an irregular metal material on the top end of a supporting seat, then starting a first driving motor, driving the bidirectional threaded screw rod to rotate by the output end of the first driving motor, driving two T-shaped sliding plates to respectively drive one clamping plate to move towards the direction of the irregular metal material, and when the clamping plate abuts against the outer wall of the irregular metal material, moving the T-shaped sliding plates, so as to squeeze a first connecting spring, and enabling the clamping plate to initially fix the irregular metal material under the action of the first connecting spring;
s2, subsequently starting the second driving motor, wherein the output end of the second driving motor drives the first unidirectional threaded screw rod to rotate, so that the first sliding block is driven to drive the rotary disc to move downwards, and as a plurality of pressing blocks are arranged, when the plurality of pressing blocks are propped against the irregular metal material concave-convex surface, the fixing ring continuously moves downwards, so that the pressing blocks slide relative to the rotary disc and pull the second connecting spring to move upwards, a plurality of pressing blocks can adapt to the concave-convex surface of the irregular metal material, so that the irregular metal material is pressed, the irregular metal material is further reinforced, the stability of the irregular metal material during pressing is improved, and the accuracy of the hardness test of the irregular metal material is improved;
s3, pushing the power disc to drive the sliding rod to move upwards in the process of upwards moving the compacting block relative to the rotary disc, so that the bending plate is pulled to move upwards through the pulling ring, and as the power rod is initially propped against the inclined surface of the bending plate, the power rod is pushed to drive the arc-shaped fastening blocks to move towards the rotary rod under the action of the inclined surface on the inner side of the bending plate, the rotary rod, the positioning frame and the initial position of the rotary rod are corrected through the fact that the four arc-shaped fastening blocks are attached to the outer wall of the rotary rod, and therefore the central shafts of the rotary rod, the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing are prevented from being offset in the process of long-time use, and therefore the stability of the hardness tester for pressing irregular metal materials is guaranteed, and the rotary rod is not clamped and fixed by the four arc-shaped fastening blocks attached to the outer wall of the rotary rod;
s4, when the clamping plate is clamped on the outer wall of the irregular metal material, the trapezoid block moves to be located below the pressing plate, when the fixing ring drives the pressing plate to move downwards, the trapezoid block is pushed to press the auxiliary spring to move downwards when the pressing plate contacts with the trapezoid block, the first guide wheel is pushed to drive the T-shaped fastening block to move towards the outer wall of the rectangular guide rod under the action of an inclined plane at one end of the trapezoid block, the rectangular guide rod is clamped through the two T-shaped fastening blocks, and therefore shaking of the clamping plate in the using process is avoided, and deviation cannot occur in the hardness testing process of the irregular metal material;
s5, after the irregular metal material is fixed, starting the hydraulic cylinder, and driving the hardness tester to move downwards by the output end of the hydraulic cylinder, so that the hardness tester presses the irregular metal material, and hardness testing is conducted;
s6, after the pressing test of the first irregular metal material is completed, starting the third driving motor, driving the second unidirectional threaded screw rod to rotate by the output end of the third driving motor, driving the second sliding block to drive the fixing ring to transversely move, driving the hardness tester to transversely move, carrying out hardness test on different positions of the irregular metal material, intermittently starting the fourth driving motor after the hardness test is completed by transversely moving the hardness tester to the designated position, and driving the rotary rod to rotate by the output end of the fourth driving motor, so that the hardness tester is driven to carry out circumference hardness test on the irregular metal material, and multi-direction hardness test on the irregular metal material is realized, and the accuracy of hardness test on the irregular metal material is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
1. through setting up the positioning auxiliary, after the one place of irregular metal material is pressed and tested, start the third driving motor, the third driving motor output drives the second unidirectional screw spindle to rotate, thus drive the second slide block to drive the fixed ring to carry on the lateral shifting, thus drive the hardness tester to carry on the lateral shifting, carry on the hardness test to the irregular metal material with this, after the hardness tester lateral shifting to the appointed position carries on the hardness test to finish, the fourth driving motor is intermittently started, the fourth driving motor output drives the rotary lever to rotate, thus drive the hardness tester to carry on the circumference hardness test to the irregular metal material, in order to realize carrying on the hardness test in multiple directions to the irregular metal material, thus has improved the accuracy to the hardness test of the irregular metal material;
2. the auxiliary fastening piece is arranged, the output end of the second driving motor drives the first unidirectional threaded screw rod to rotate, so that the first sliding block is driven to drive the rotary disc to move downwards, and as a plurality of pressing blocks are arranged, when the plurality of pressing blocks are propped against the irregular metal material concave-convex surface, the fixing ring continuously moves downwards, so that the pressing blocks slide relative to the rotary disc and pull the second connecting spring to move upwards, the plurality of pressing blocks can adapt to the irregular metal material concave-convex surface, thereby pressing the irregular metal material, further reinforcing the irregular metal material, improving the stability of the irregular metal material when pressing, and further improving the accuracy of the hardness test of the irregular metal material;
3. the locking device is arranged, the compressing block pushes the power disc to drive the sliding rod to move upwards in the upward moving process of the rotating disc, so that the bending plate is pulled to move upwards by the pulling ring, the power rod is initially propped against the inclined surface of the bending plate, so that the power rod is pushed to drive the arc-shaped fastening blocks to move towards the rotating rod under the action of the inclined surface of the inner side of the bending plate, the rotating rod is attached to the outer wall of the rotating rod through the four arc-shaped fastening blocks, the initial positions of the rotating rod, the locating rack and the rotating rod are corrected, the central shafts of the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing are prevented from being deviated in the long-time use process, the stability of the hardness tester for pressing irregular metal materials is ensured, and the rotating rod is not clamped and fixed by the four arc-shaped fastening blocks attached to the outer wall of the rotating rod;
4. through setting up self-adaptation fixture, when the grip block centre gripping is at the metallic material outer wall of irregularity, trapezoidal piece removes to the below that is located the clamp plate, when the solid fixed ring drives the clamp plate and moves down, when clamp plate and trapezoidal piece contact, promote trapezoidal piece extrusion auxiliary spring and move down, promote first guide pulley under the effect on trapezoidal piece one end inclined plane and drive T shape fastening block and remove to rectangular guide arm outer wall, carry out the centre gripping with rectangular guide arm through two T shape fastening blocks to avoid the grip block to take place to rock at the in-process of using, thereby make the metallic material hardness testing in-process of irregularity can not take place the skew.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a support base of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the inside structure of a T-shaped sliding plate according to the present utility model;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the utility model at A in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a side view of the connector base of the present utility model;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the inside structure of the auxiliary frame of the present utility model;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the inner side structure of the rotary disk of the present utility model;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the utility model at B in FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a latch according to the present utility model;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the auxiliary fastener of the present utility model.
In the figure: 1. a support base; 2. a first driving motor; 3. a T-shaped sliding plate; 4. a clamping plate; 5. a connecting seat; 6. a second driving motor; 7. the first unidirectional threaded screw rod; 8. a first slider; 9. a power disc; 10. l-shaped connecting frames; 11. a U-shaped frame; 12. a fixing ring; 13. a rotating disc; 14. rectangular guide rods; 15. a two-way threaded screw rod; 16. a first connecting spring; 17. a trapezoid block; 18. an L-shaped bracket; 19. a T-shaped fastening block; 20. a first ring; 21. an auxiliary spring; 22. a second ring; 23. a compression spring; 24. the first guide wheel; 25. a pressing plate; 26. an auxiliary frame; 27. a third driving motor; 28. a second slider; 29. a second unidirectional threaded screw rod; 30. a compaction block; 31. a first auxiliary ring; 32. a second connecting spring; 33. a hardness tester; 34. a slide bar; 35. a fourth driving motor; 36. a bearing; 37. a positioning frame; 38. a hydraulic cylinder; 39. a third connecting spring; 40. a second auxiliary ring; 41. pulling the ring; 42. a vertical plate; 43. a power lever; 44. an arc-shaped fastening block; 45. a bending plate; 46. a rotating rod; 47. and the second guide wheel.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "configured" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art. Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present utility model will be described in accordance with its entire structure.
Referring to fig. 1 to 10, in an embodiment of the present utility model, a hardness testing device for metal materials includes a supporting seat 1, a connecting seat 5 is provided at one side of the supporting seat 1, a second driving motor 6 is installed at the top end of the connecting seat 5, an output end of the second driving motor 6 is connected with a first unidirectional screw rod 7, one end of the first unidirectional screw rod 7 penetrates through the inner side of the connecting seat 5 and is rotationally connected with the connecting seat 5, a first sliding block 8 is sleeved on an outer wall of the connecting seat 5, a hydraulic cylinder 38 is provided at one side of the first sliding block 8, a hardness tester 33 is connected at an output end of the hydraulic cylinder 38, and a positioning aid for adjusting a position of the hydraulic cylinder 38 is provided at one end of the first sliding block 8; the top end of the supporting seat 1 is provided with a self-adaptive clamping mechanism for fixing workpieces with different sizes; the inside of first slider 8 is provided with the auxiliary fastener that is used for pressing down irregular work piece, self-adaptation fixture is including installing the first driving motor 2 at supporting seat 1 one end, the output of first driving motor 2 is connected with two-way screw thread lead screw 15, T shape sliding plate 3 has been cup jointed to the outer wall of two-way screw thread lead screw 15, one side of T shape sliding plate 3 is provided with grip block 4, the inboard fixedly connected with rectangle guide arm 14 of grip block 4, the one end of rectangle guide arm 14 runs through to the outside of T shape sliding plate 3, the inboard of grip block 4 is located the outside fixedly connected with first connecting spring 16 of rectangle guide arm 14, the one end and the T shape sliding plate 3 fixed connection of first connecting spring 16, the outer wall of two-way screw thread lead screw 15 is provided with positive screw thread and back screw thread, T shape sliding plate 3 is provided with two, two T shape sliding plates 3 cup joint respectively at two positive screw thread and back screw thread outer walls, the inboard of supporting seat 1 has seted up the second spacing spout with two T shape sliding plate 3 assorts.
In this embodiment: firstly, an irregular metal material is placed on the top end of the supporting seat 1, then the first driving motor 2 is started, the output end of the first driving motor 2 drives the bidirectional screw rod 15 to rotate, so that two T-shaped sliding plates 3 are driven to drive one clamping plate 4 to move towards the direction of the irregular metal material respectively, when the clamping plate 4 abuts against the outer wall of the irregular metal material, the T-shaped sliding plates 3 move, and accordingly the first connecting spring 16 is extruded, and the clamping plate 4 is initially fixed with the irregular metal material under the action of the first connecting spring 16.
Referring to fig. 5 to 8, the positioning auxiliary device includes an auxiliary frame 26 fixedly connected to one end of the first slider 8, a third driving motor 27 is installed at one end of the auxiliary frame 26, an output end of the third driving motor 27 is connected with a second unidirectional threaded screw rod 29, one end of the second unidirectional threaded screw rod 29 penetrates through the inside of the auxiliary frame 26 and is rotationally connected with the auxiliary frame 26, a second slider 28 is sleeved on the outer wall of the second unidirectional threaded screw rod 29, an L-shaped connecting frame 10 is fixedly connected to the top end of the second slider 28, a fourth driving motor 35 and a positioning frame 37 are fixedly installed on the inner side of the L-shaped connecting frame 10 respectively, a rotary rod 46 is connected to the output end of the fourth driving motor 35, a bearing 36 is installed on the inner side of the positioning frame 37, an inner ring of the bearing 36 is fixedly connected with the rotary rod 46, a U-shaped frame 11 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotary rod 46, a threaded groove matched with the second unidirectional threaded screw rod 29 is formed in the inner side of the U-shaped frame 11 and is fixedly connected with a hydraulic cylinder 38, and a first limit chute matched with the second slider 28 is formed in the inner side of the auxiliary frame 26.
In this embodiment: after the irregular metal material is fixed, starting the hydraulic cylinder 38, and driving the hardness tester 33 to move downwards by the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 38, so that the hardness tester 33 performs pressing operation on the irregular metal material, thereby performing hardness test; after the pressing test of the first position of the irregular metal material is finished, the third driving motor 27 is started, the output end of the third driving motor 27 drives the second unidirectional threaded screw rod 29 to rotate, so that the second sliding block 28 is driven to drive the fixed ring 12 to transversely move, the hardness tester 33 is driven to transversely move, the hardness test is carried out on different positions of the irregular metal material, after the hardness test is finished by transversely moving the hardness tester 33 to the designated position, the fourth driving motor 35 is intermittently started, the output end of the fourth driving motor 35 drives the rotary rod 46 to rotate, and the hardness tester 33 is driven to carry out circumference hardness test on the irregular metal material, so that the multi-azimuth hardness test is carried out on the irregular metal material, and the accuracy of the hardness test on the irregular metal material is improved.
Referring to fig. 7, the auxiliary fastener includes a fixed ring 12 fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second slider 28, a rotating disk 13 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the fixed ring 12, the rotating disk 13 is fixedly connected to the U-shaped frame 11, a plurality of compression blocks 30 are slidably connected to the inner side of the rotating disk 13, the plurality of compression blocks 30 are distributed around the rotating disk 13 at equal intervals, the top end of the compression block 30 penetrates through to the upper portion of the rotating disk 13 and is fixedly connected with a first auxiliary ring 31, a second connecting spring 32 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the first auxiliary ring 31, one end of the second connecting spring 32 is fixedly connected with the rotating disk 13, and a locker is arranged at the top end of the first auxiliary ring 31.
In this embodiment: the output end of the second driving motor 6 drives the first unidirectional threaded screw rod 7 to rotate, thereby driving the first sliding block 8 to drive the rotary disk 13 to move downwards, and as the plurality of pressing blocks 30 are arranged, the fixing ring 12 continues to move downwards when the plurality of pressing blocks 30 are propped against the irregular metal material concave-convex surface, so that the pressing blocks 30 slide relative to the rotary disk 13 and pull the second connecting spring 32 to move upwards, the plurality of pressing blocks 30 can adapt to the irregular metal material concave-convex surface, thereby pressing the irregular metal material, reinforcing the irregular metal material further, improving the stability of the irregular metal material when pressing, and improving the accuracy of the hardness test of the irregular metal material.
Referring to fig. 7 to 9, the locking device comprises vertical plates 42 fixedly connected to the bottom end of the positioning frame 37, power rods 43 are slidably connected to the inner sides of the vertical plates 42, four vertical plates 42 are distributed around rotating rods 46 at equal intervals, the power rods 43 are slidably connected to the inner sides of the vertical plates 42, one ends of the power rods 43 penetrate through the inner sides of the vertical plates 42 and are fixedly connected with arc-shaped fastening blocks 44, rotating rods 46 are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the arc-shaped fastening blocks 44, one ends of the rotating rods 46 are fixedly connected with the vertical plates 42, the locking device further comprises a power disc 9 arranged at the top end of the first auxiliary ring 31, a sliding rod 34 is fixedly connected to the top end of the power disc 9, one ends of the sliding rod 34 penetrate through the upper side of the U-shaped frame 11 and are fixedly connected with second auxiliary rings 40, one ends of the third connecting springs 39 are fixedly connected with the U-shaped frame 11, one ends of the second auxiliary rings 40 are fixedly connected with pulling rings 41, the inner sides of the pulling rings 41 are fixedly connected with bending plates 45, one ends of the power rods 43 are rotatably connected with the second guide wheels 47, and the second guide wheels 47 are attached to the second guide wheels 45.
In this embodiment: the compressing block 30 pushes the power disc 9 to drive the slide rod 34 to move upwards relative to the rotating disc 13 in the upward moving process, so that the bending plate 45 is pulled to move upwards through the pulling ring 41, the power rod 43 initially abuts against the inclined surface of the bending plate 45, so that the power rod 43 is pushed under the action of the inclined surface of the inner side of the bending plate 45 to drive the arc-shaped fastening blocks 44 to move towards the rotating rod 46, the outer wall of the rotating rod 46 is attached to the four arc-shaped fastening blocks 44, the initial positions of the rotating rod 46 and the positioning frame 37 are corrected, the central shafts of the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing 36 are prevented from being offset in the long-time use process, and therefore the stability of the hardness tester 33 for pressing irregular metal materials is guaranteed, and the four arc-shaped fastening blocks 44 are attached to the outer wall of the rotating rod 46 and are not used for clamping and fixing the rotating rod 46.
Referring to fig. 1-5, the adaptive clamping mechanism further includes two L-shaped brackets 18 fixedly connected to one side of the T-shaped sliding plate 3, a trapezoid block 17 is slidably connected to the inner side of the L-shaped bracket 18, a first circular ring 20 is fixedly connected to an outer wall of the trapezoid block 17, an auxiliary spring 21 is fixedly connected to a bottom end of the first circular ring 20, one end of the auxiliary spring 21 is fixedly connected to the L-shaped bracket 18, a T-shaped fastening block 19 is slidably connected to the inner side of the L-shaped bracket 18, one end of the T-shaped fastening block 19 penetrates through the inner side of the L-shaped bracket 18, a first guide wheel 24 is rotatably connected to one end of the T-shaped fastening block 19, the first guide wheel 24 is attached to an inclined surface at one end of the trapezoid block 17, a second circular ring 22 is fixedly connected to an outer wall of the T-shaped fastening block 19, a compression spring 23 is fixedly connected to one end of the compression spring 23, and the L-shaped bracket 18 are fixedly connected to one end of the compression spring 22, and a pressing plate 25 is fixedly connected to an outer wall of the fixing ring 12.
In this embodiment: when the clamping plate 4 is clamped on the outer wall of an irregular metal material, the trapezoid block 17 moves to the lower portion of the pressing plate 25, when the fixing ring 12 drives the pressing plate 25 to move downwards, the trapezoid block 17 is pushed to extrude the auxiliary spring 21 to move downwards when the pressing plate 25 contacts with the trapezoid block 17, the first guide wheel 24 is pushed under the action of an inclined plane at one end of the trapezoid block 17 to drive the T-shaped fastening block 19 to move towards the outer wall of the rectangular guide rod 14, the rectangular guide rod 14 is clamped through the two T-shaped fastening blocks 19, so that the clamping plate 4 is prevented from shaking in the using process, deviation cannot occur in the hardness testing process of the irregular metal material, and the pressing plate 25 is always attached to the top end of the trapezoid block 17 in the process that the fixing ring 12 drives the pressing plate 25 to move transversely.
The following provides a metal material hardness testing method by combining the metal material hardness testing device, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, placing an irregular metal material on the top end of a supporting seat 1, then starting a first driving motor 2, driving a bidirectional threaded screw rod 15 to rotate by the output end of the first driving motor 2, driving two T-shaped sliding plates 3 to respectively drive a clamping plate 4 to move towards the direction of the irregular metal material, and when the clamping plate 4 abuts against the outer wall of the irregular metal material, moving the T-shaped sliding plates 3, so as to squeeze a first connecting spring 16, so that the clamping plate 4 preliminarily fixes the irregular metal material under the action of the first connecting spring 16;
s2, subsequently starting a second driving motor 6, wherein the output end of the second driving motor 6 drives the first unidirectional threaded screw rod 7 to rotate, so that the first sliding block 8 is driven to drive the rotary disk 13 to move downwards, and as a plurality of pressing blocks 30 are arranged, when the plurality of pressing blocks 30 are propped against the irregular metal material concave-convex surface, the fixed ring 12 continues to move downwards, so that the pressing blocks 30 slide relative to the rotary disk 13 and pull the second connecting spring 32 to move upwards, so that the plurality of pressing blocks 30 can adapt to the irregular metal material concave-convex surface, thereby pressing the irregular metal material, further reinforcing the irregular metal material, improving the stability of the irregular metal material in pressing, and further improving the accuracy of the hardness test of the irregular metal material;
s3, in the process of upward movement of the compression block 30 relative to the rotary disk 13, the power disk 9 is pushed to drive the slide rod 34 to move upward, so that the bending plate 45 is pulled to move upward through the pulling ring 41, the power rod 43 is initially propped against the inclined surface of the bending plate 45, so that the power rod 43 is pushed to drive the arc-shaped fastening blocks 44 to move towards the rotary rod 46 under the action of the inclined surface of the inner side of the bending plate 45, the four arc-shaped fastening blocks 44 are attached to the outer wall of the rotary rod 46, so that the rotary rod 46 and the positioning frame 37 are corrected, the initial positions of the rotary rod 46 are corrected, the central shafts of the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing 36 are prevented from being deviated in the long-time use process, the stability of the hardness tester 33 for pressing irregular metal materials is ensured, and the four arc-shaped fastening blocks 44 are attached to the outer wall of the rotary rod 46 and are not clamped and fixed to the rotary rod 46;
s4, when the clamping plate 4 is clamped on the outer wall of an irregular metal material, the trapezoid block 17 moves to the lower part of the pressing plate 25, when the fixing ring 12 drives the pressing plate 25 to move downwards, and when the pressing plate 25 contacts with the trapezoid block 17, the trapezoid block 17 is pushed to extrude the auxiliary spring 21 to move downwards, the first guide wheel 24 is pushed under the action of an inclined plane at one end of the trapezoid block 17 to drive the T-shaped fastening block 19 to move towards the outer wall of the rectangular guide rod 14, the rectangular guide rod 14 is clamped through the two T-shaped fastening blocks 19, so that the clamping plate 4 is prevented from shaking in the using process, and therefore, the irregular metal material cannot deviate in the hardness testing process;
s5, after the irregular metal material is fixed, starting the hydraulic cylinder 38, and driving the hardness tester 33 to move downwards by the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 38, so that the hardness tester 33 performs pressing operation on the irregular metal material, and accordingly hardness test is performed;
s6, after the pressing test of the first irregular metal material is completed, a third driving motor 27 is started, the output end of the third driving motor 27 drives a second one-way threaded screw rod 29 to rotate, and accordingly the second sliding block 28 is driven to drive the fixed ring 12 to transversely move, and accordingly the hardness tester 33 is driven to transversely move, the hardness tester 33 is driven to transversely test different positions of the irregular metal material, after the hardness tester 33 transversely moves to a designated position to finish the hardness test, a fourth driving motor 35 is intermittently started, the output end of the fourth driving motor 35 drives a rotating rod 46 to rotate, and accordingly the hardness tester 33 is driven to circumferentially test the irregular metal material, multi-azimuth hardness test of the irregular metal material is achieved, and accuracy of the hardness test of the irregular metal material is improved.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present utility model, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical solution of the present utility model and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present utility model.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a metal material hardness testing device, includes supporting seat (1), its characterized in that, one side of supporting seat (1) is provided with connecting seat (5), second driving motor (6) are installed on the top of connecting seat (5), the output of second driving motor (6) is connected with first unidirectional screw lead screw (7), just the one end of first unidirectional screw lead screw (7) runs through to the inboard of connecting seat (5) and with connecting seat (5) rotation is connected, first slider (8) have been cup jointed to the outer wall of connecting seat (5), one side of first slider (8) is provided with pneumatic cylinder (38), the output of pneumatic cylinder (38) is connected with hardness tester (33), the one end of first slider (8) is provided with the positioning auxiliary ware that adjusts pneumatic cylinder (38) position.
The top end of the supporting seat (1) is provided with a self-adaptive clamping mechanism for fixing workpieces with different sizes;
an auxiliary fastener for pressing the irregular workpiece is arranged on the inner side of the first sliding block (8);
the positioning auxiliary device comprises an auxiliary frame (26) fixedly connected with one end of the first sliding block (8), a third driving motor (27) is installed at one end of the auxiliary frame (26), a second one-way threaded screw rod (29) is connected to the output end of the third driving motor (27), one end of the second one-way threaded screw rod (29) penetrates through the auxiliary frame (26) and is rotationally connected with the auxiliary frame (26), a second sliding block (28) is sleeved on the outer wall of the second one-way threaded screw rod (29), an L-shaped connecting frame (10) is fixedly connected to the top end of the second sliding block (28), a fourth driving motor (35) and a positioning frame (37) are fixedly installed on the inner side of the L-shaped connecting frame (10), a rotary rod (46) is connected to the output end of the fourth driving motor (35), a bearing (36) is installed on the inner side of the positioning frame (37), the inner ring of the bearing (36) is fixedly connected with the rotary rod (46), a U-shaped connecting frame (11) is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the rotary rod (46), and the U-shaped connecting frame (38) is fixedly connected with a hydraulic cylinder (11);
the auxiliary fastening piece comprises a fixed ring (12) fixedly connected with the bottom end of a second sliding block (28), a rotary disc (13) is connected to the inner side of the fixed ring (12) in a rotating mode, the rotary disc (13) is fixedly connected with a U-shaped frame (11), a plurality of pressing blocks (30) are connected to the inner side of the rotary disc (13) in a sliding mode, the pressing blocks (30) encircle the rotary disc (13) and are distributed at equal intervals, the top end of each pressing block (30) penetrates through to a first auxiliary ring (31) fixedly connected to the upper portion of the rotary disc (13), a second connecting spring (32) is fixedly connected to the inner side of each first auxiliary ring (31), one end of each second connecting spring (32) is fixedly connected with the rotary disc (13), and a locker is arranged on the top end of each first auxiliary ring (31).
2. The metal material hardness testing device according to claim 1, wherein a thread groove matched with the second unidirectional thread screw (29) is formed in the inner side of the second slider (28), and a first limit chute matched with the second slider (28) is formed in the inner side of the auxiliary frame (26).
3. The metal material hardness testing device according to claim 2, wherein the locker comprises a vertical plate (42) fixedly connected to the bottom end of the positioning frame (37), power rods (43) are slidably connected to the inner side of the vertical plate (42), the vertical plate (42) is provided with four, the four vertical plates (42) are distributed around the rotating rods (46) at equal distances, one end of each power rod (43) penetrates through to the inner side of each vertical plate (42) and is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped fastening block (44), a rotating rod (46) is fixedly connected to the inner side of each arc-shaped fastening block (44), and one end of each rotating rod (46) is fixedly connected with each vertical plate (42).
4. A metal material hardness testing device according to claim 3, wherein the locker further comprises a power disc (9) arranged at the top end of the first auxiliary ring (31), a sliding rod (34) is fixedly connected to the top end of the power disc (9), a second auxiliary ring (40) is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the U-shaped frame (11) in a penetrating mode at one end of the sliding rod (34), a third connecting spring (39) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the second auxiliary ring (40), one end of the third connecting spring (39) is fixedly connected with the U-shaped frame (11), a pulling ring (41) is fixedly connected to one end of the second auxiliary ring (40), a bending plate (45) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the pulling ring (41), a second guide wheel (47) is rotatably connected to one end of the power rod (43), and the second guide wheel (47) is attached to the bending plate (45).
5. The metal material hardness testing device according to claim 4, wherein the self-adaptive clamping mechanism comprises a first driving motor (2) installed at one end of the supporting seat (1), an output end of the first driving motor (2) is connected with a bidirectional threaded screw rod (15), a T-shaped sliding plate (3) is sleeved on the outer wall of the bidirectional threaded screw rod (15), a clamping plate (4) is arranged on one side of the T-shaped sliding plate (3), a rectangular guide rod (14) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the clamping plate (4), one end of the rectangular guide rod (14) penetrates through the outer portion of the T-shaped sliding plate (3), a first connecting spring (16) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the clamping plate (4) located on the outer side of the rectangular guide rod (14), and one end of the first connecting spring (16) is fixedly connected with the T-shaped sliding plate (3).
6. The metal material hardness testing device according to claim 5, wherein the self-adaptive clamping mechanism further comprises two L-shaped brackets (18) fixedly connected to one side of the T-shaped sliding plate (3), a trapezoid block (17) is slidingly connected to one end of the L-shaped brackets (18), a first circular ring (20) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the trapezoid block (17), an auxiliary spring (21) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first circular ring (20), one end of the auxiliary spring (21) is fixedly connected with the L-shaped brackets (18), a T-shaped fastening block (19) is slidingly connected to one end of the L-shaped brackets (18), one end of the T-shaped fastening block (19) penetrates through the inner side of the L-shaped brackets (18), a first guide wheel (24) is rotatably connected to one end of the T-shaped fastening block (19), a second circular ring (22) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first circular ring (20), a compression spring (23) is fixedly connected to one end of the second circular ring (22), and the compression spring (23) is fixedly connected to one end of the compression spring (23).
7. The metal material hardness testing device according to claim 6, wherein positive threads and negative threads are arranged on the outer wall of the bidirectional threaded screw rod (15), two T-shaped sliding plates (3) are arranged, the two T-shaped sliding plates (3) are respectively sleeved on the outer walls of the positive threads and the negative threads of the bidirectional threaded screw rod (15), and a second limiting chute matched with the two T-shaped sliding plates (3) is formed in the inner side of the supporting seat (1).
8. A method for testing hardness of a metal material, characterized by using a device for testing hardness of a metal material according to claim 7, comprising the steps of:
s1, firstly, placing an irregular metal material on the top end of a supporting seat (1), then starting a first driving motor (2), driving the bidirectional threaded screw rod (15) to rotate by the output end of the first driving motor (2), driving two T-shaped sliding plates (3) to drive one clamping plate (4) to move towards the direction of the irregular metal material respectively, and moving the T-shaped sliding plates (3) when the clamping plate (4) abuts against the outer wall of the irregular metal material, so as to squeeze a first connecting spring (16), so that the clamping plate (4) primarily fixes the irregular metal material under the action of the first connecting spring (16);
s2, subsequently starting the second driving motor (6), wherein the output end of the second driving motor (6) drives the first unidirectional threaded screw rod (7) to rotate, so that the first sliding block (8) is driven by the rotary disc (13) to move downwards, and as a plurality of pressing blocks (30) are arranged, when the plurality of pressing blocks (30) are abutted against the irregular metal material concave-convex surface, the fixing ring (12) continues to move downwards, so that the pressing blocks (30) slide relative to the rotary disc (13) and pull the second connecting spring (32) to move upwards, the plurality of pressing blocks (30) can adapt to the irregular metal material concave-convex surface, so that the irregular metal material is pressed, the irregular metal material is further reinforced, the stability of the irregular metal material in pressing is improved, and the accuracy of the hardness test of the irregular metal material is improved;
s3, pushing the power disc (9) to drive the slide rod (34) to move upwards in the process of upwards moving relative to the rotary disc (13), so that the bending plate (45) is pulled to move upwards through the pulling ring (41), and the power rod (43) is initially propped against the inclined surface of the bending plate (45), so that the power rod (43) is pushed under the action of the inclined surface of the inner side of the bending plate (45) to drive the arc-shaped fastening blocks (44) to move towards the rotary rod (46), the four arc-shaped fastening blocks (44) are attached to the outer wall of the rotary rod (46), the rotary rod (46) and the positioning frame (37) are corrected in the initial position of the rotary rod (46), and the central shafts of the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing (36) are prevented from being offset in the long-time use process, so that the hardness tester (33) is stable against irregular metal materials, and the four arc-shaped fastening blocks (44) are attached to the outer wall of the rotary rod (46) and are not clamped by the arc-shaped fastening blocks (46);
s4, when the clamping plate (4) is clamped on the outer wall of an irregular metal material, the trapezoid blocks (17) move to be located below the pressing plate (25), when the fixing ring (12) drives the pressing plate (25) to move downwards, the trapezoid blocks (17) are pushed to extrude the auxiliary springs (21) to move downwards when the pressing plate (25) is in contact with the trapezoid blocks (17), the first guide wheels (24) are pushed under the action of an inclined surface at one end of the trapezoid blocks (17) to drive the T-shaped fastening blocks (19) to move towards the outer wall of the rectangular guide rod (14), the rectangular guide rod (14) is clamped through the two T-shaped fastening blocks (19), and therefore the clamping plate (4) is prevented from shaking in the using process, and the irregular metal material hardness testing process cannot deviate;
s5, after the irregular metal material is fixed, starting the hydraulic cylinder (38), wherein the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (38) drives the hardness tester (33) to move downwards, so that the hardness tester (33) performs pressing operation on the irregular metal material, and hardness test is performed;
s6, after the pressing test of the first irregular metal material is completed, the third driving motor (27) is started, the output end of the third driving motor (27) drives the second unidirectional threaded screw rod (29) to rotate, so that the second sliding block (28) drives the fixed ring (12) to transversely move, so that the hardness tester (33) is driven to transversely move, the hardness test is conducted on different positions of the irregular metal material, when the hardness tester (33) transversely moves to the designated position to conduct the hardness test, the fourth driving motor (35) is intermittently started, the output end of the fourth driving motor (35) drives the rotary rod (46) to rotate, so that the hardness tester (33) is driven to conduct the circumference hardness test on the irregular metal material, the multidirectional hardness test on the irregular metal material is achieved, and the accuracy of the hardness test on the irregular metal material is improved.
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| CN117470696B (en) * | 2023-12-26 | 2024-03-12 | 山东特检科技有限公司 | Multifunctional automatic ball indentation tester |
| CN118090399B (en) * | 2024-04-22 | 2024-07-16 | 山东鲁工机械有限公司 | Intensity testing device for part machining |
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